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14.1 Plant Reproduction-Student Sheet

Sexual reproduction occurs in flowering plants through alternation of generations where the haploid gametophyte generates gametes (eggs and sperm) that fuse to form the diploid sporophyte, which produces spores continuing the cycle. In seedless plants like mosses, sperm swim to fertilize eggs, while seed plants like gymnosperms and angiosperms have non-mobile gametophytes within pollen and ovules. Pollination can be self or cross between plants, facilitated by animals, wind, or other vectors. Seeds disperse through fruit, water, animals, or wind and germinate under suitable conditions, forming roots and shoots. Asexual reproduction through cloning is also used by farmers

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44 views4 pages

14.1 Plant Reproduction-Student Sheet

Sexual reproduction occurs in flowering plants through alternation of generations where the haploid gametophyte generates gametes (eggs and sperm) that fuse to form the diploid sporophyte, which produces spores continuing the cycle. In seedless plants like mosses, sperm swim to fertilize eggs, while seed plants like gymnosperms and angiosperms have non-mobile gametophytes within pollen and ovules. Pollination can be self or cross between plants, facilitated by animals, wind, or other vectors. Seeds disperse through fruit, water, animals, or wind and germinate under suitable conditions, forming roots and shoots. Asexual reproduction through cloning is also used by farmers

Uploaded by

eshaaljamal27
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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14.

1 Plant Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
 Occurs by sporic reproduction (alternation of generations)
 Gametophyte (haploid)  produces gametes (________)
 Male (sperm) and female (egg) gametes  sporophyte (____)
 Sporophyte (diploid)  produces spores (haploid)

Sexual repro. in seedless plants


 Eg. non-vascular moss and vascular ferns
 For fertilization, sperm swims from male gametophyte to egg in the female
gametophyte
 Requires water and sperm to have a flagellum
In non-vascular plants _____________________ is dominant gen.  larger, lives
longer
In vascular plants _______________ is the dominant gen.  larger, lives longer
In both gametophyte is independent of sporophyte

Sexual repro. in seed plants


 Made up of gymnosperms (_____________________) and angiosperms
(______________________)
 Gametophyte is NOT free-living
 Male: microspores  pollen grains  sperm cells
 Female: macrospores  egg cells
 Fertilization occurs after _______________________
 Whole male gametophyte (pollen) travels to female gametophyte and
lands on the reproductive structure (pistil)

 Gymnosperms
 No water req.
 Pollen grain grows a pollen tube towards the egg cell
 Sperm develop in pollen tube and move towards egg
 Fertilization  zygote  embryo (seed)
 Seed  ________________________

 Angiosperms ( use flower)


 sepals – protect the flower bud
petals – attract pollinators
stamens – male reproductive structure
pistils – female reproductive structure
Variations among flowers
 Structural differences
 _____________________________: sepals, petals, stamens, and one or
more pistils (roses, tulips).
 Incomplete flowers: missing one or more flower parts (grasses, wild
ginger).
 _____________________: have both pistils and stamens
 Imperfect monoecious plants: have pistils and stamens found on
separate flowers on same plant (corn, oaks).
 Imperfect dioecious plants: have pistils and stamens found on different
plants (willow, ginkgo).
Interesting fact:
 Trend in petal number between monocots and dicots extends to the number of
sepals, pistils and stamen
 Monocot – multiples of ______
 Dicot – multiples of _____________

Pollination mechanisms:
 Self-pollination: Plants pollinate themselves or another flower on the same plant
 loss of genetic variation
 Cross-pollination: Plants receive pollen from another plant
 Animal Pollination: Insects and other small animals move from flower to flower
collecting nectar and moving pollen.
 Wind Pollination: produce large quantities of light pollen grains
Seed dispersal
 survival rate increases when seeds are dispersed away from the parent plant 
reduce competition for resources
 Fruit  attractive to animals (eaten, stored or buried)
 Water
 __________________________________
 Wind dispersal
Seed Germination
 If seed lands in an area with good conditions  germination
 If not it goes into ________________________
 Radicle  primary root first to develop
 ______________________  first part of stem to appear above ground

Asexual Reproduction (cloning) in Flowering Plants


 can be an advantage when plants are well-adapted to their environment
 Farmers and gardeners have studied and perfected techniques of
__________________________________
 asexual reproduction from a plant’s roots, stems, or leaves
(vegetative propagation).

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