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Hydraulics1 Lec 3

This document provides an overview of hydrostatics and fluid mechanics concepts including: - The hydrostatic force on a submerged plane surface is equal to the product of its area and the pressure at its center of gravity. - Examples calculate the hydrostatic force on plates, gates, and curved surfaces submerged in fluids of varying densities. - Principles of Archimedes buoyancy state that an object submerged in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. - Examples determine the depth of flotation, loading capacity, and stability of floating objects and vessels.

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195 views40 pages

Hydraulics1 Lec 3

This document provides an overview of hydrostatics and fluid mechanics concepts including: - The hydrostatic force on a submerged plane surface is equal to the product of its area and the pressure at its center of gravity. - Examples calculate the hydrostatic force on plates, gates, and curved surfaces submerged in fluids of varying densities. - Principles of Archimedes buoyancy state that an object submerged in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. - Examples determine the depth of flotation, loading capacity, and stability of floating objects and vessels.

Uploaded by

calebjohnf0512
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HYDRAULICS 1

HYDROSTATIC
FORCE ON
SURFACES
Lecture 3
FORCE ON PLANE SURFACES
“The total hydrostatic force on any plane surface submerged in a fluid of specific
weight g is equal to the product of the area of the surface and the intensity
of pressure at its center of gravity.” _
F=Agh
where:
A = submerged area of the plane surface
h = vertical distance of the center of gravity of the
submerged area from the free surface.
CENTER OF PRESSURE ON PLANE SURFACES
Ex Prob. 3-1:
The plate shown in Fig. 3-1 is
submerged vertically in a liquid with
specific gravity 0.82. Determine the
magnitude and location of the total
hydrostatic force on one face of the
area.
Ex Prob. 3-2:
Calculate the hydrostatic
force on the gate of
Figure 3-2. What vertical
force P is necessary to
lift the gate at point A?
Width of gate is 1.80m.
FORCE COMPONENTS ON SUBMERGED
CURVED SURFACES
Ex Prob 3-3:
The corner of a floating body
has a quarter cylinder AB
having a length normal to
the paper of 3m. Calculate
the magnitude and

location of each of the components of the force AB


of Figure 3-3.
PLATE # 3: Prob 1.
The gate of Figure
SP 3-1 is
subjected to
water pressure on
one side and a
liquid pressure on
the other side
with specific
gravity of 1.30.
Determine the

value of x to prevent the gate to rotate in either


direction. The width of gate is 2.0m.
HOOP TENSION IN CIRCULAR PIPES AND TANKS
Ex Prob 3-4:
A pipe having a diameter of 30cm is
exposed of to a pressure of 70cm of
mercury. If it carries oil (SG = 0.85)
under a head of 128m. Determine the
pipe wall stress if it has a thickness of
8mm.
Ex Prob 3-5:
A wood stave pipe, 120cm inside
diameter, is to resist a maximum water
pressure of 1200 KPa. If the staves are
bound by steel flat bands (10cm by
2,50cm), find the spacing of the bands
if its allowable stress is 105 Mpa.
Assignment #3
Probs: 1, 3, 13, 20, 22, 25, 26, 31, 32, 37
pages 130- 143
PRINCIPLES OF ARCHIMEDES ON BOUYANCY

Stated simply, the principle of


Archimedes is as follows:
“A body submerged in a fluid is
buoyed up by a force equal to
the weight of the displaced
fluid.”
Ex Prob 3-6:

Determine the depth of flotation of


a piece of log (SG=0.80) in the
rectangular shape 60mm x 60mmx
4m and horizontally placed in salt
water (g = 10.10KN/m )3
Ex Prob 3-7:

A rectangular solid piece of wood


30cm square and 5cm thick floats in
water to a depth of 3.25cm. How
heavy an object must be placed on
the wood (SG= 0.50) in such a way
that it will just be submerged?
SEATWORK:
A barge is 16m long by 7m wide by 120cm
deep, outside dimensions. The sides and
bottom of the barge are made of timber
having thickness of 30cm. The timber
weighs 7860 N/m3. If there is to be a
freeboard of 20cm in fresh water, how
many cubic meters of sand weighing
15700 N/m3 may bge loaded uniformly
into the barge?
GRAVITY DAMS
• F.S. vs Overturning = S(R.M.)
S(R.M.)

• F.S. vs Sliding = mRV


RH
Pressure Distribution on the Foundation of Dams
• x = {SR.M. - SO.M.}
RV
• s = mRV (1 +/- 6e/b)
b
e= b/2 –x for (b/2 >x)
e= x – b/2 for (x> b/2)
Example Prob:
ASSIGNMENTS:

Probs : # 41 – 45 pp 144- 145


49 – 51 pp 146
55 – 56 pp 147
STATICAL STABILITY OF FLOATING BODIES
WORD FOR THE WEEK:
Proverbs 11:3-5
“ The integrity of the upright guides them,
but the unfaithful are destroyed by their
duplicity.
Wealth is worthless in the day of wrath, but
righteousness delivers from death.
The righteousness of the blameless makes a
straight way for them, but the wicked are
brought down by their own wickedness.”

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