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Drug-Study Methyldopa

The document discusses the drug methyldopa, including its classification, mode of action, therapeutic effects, indications, contraindications, interactions, dosage, side effects, adverse effects, and nursing responsibilities related to administration and monitoring.

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267 views4 pages

Drug-Study Methyldopa

The document discusses the drug methyldopa, including its classification, mode of action, therapeutic effects, indications, contraindications, interactions, dosage, side effects, adverse effects, and nursing responsibilities related to administration and monitoring.

Uploaded by

mayangernsz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DRUG STUDY

Generic name: Methyldopa


Brand name: Aldomet
Classification:
THERAPEUTIC: antihypertensives
PHARMACOLOGIC: centrally acting antiadrenergics
Mode of action: Stimulates CNS alpha-adrenergic receptors, producing a decrease in
sympathetic outflow to heart, kidneys, and blood vessels. Result is decreased BP and
peripheral resistance, a slight decrease in heart rate, and no change in cardiac output.
Therapeutic effect: Lowering of BP
Indications: Management of moderate to severe hypertension (with other agents)
Contraindications: Methyldopa is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity;
active liver disease.
INTERACTIONS
DRUG: Additive hypotension with other anti- hypertensives, acute ingestion of alcohol,
anesthesia, and nitrates. Amphetamines, barbiturates, tricyclic antidepressants, NSAIDs,
and phenothiazines may lower hypertensive effect of methyldopa.
HERBAL: None known.
FOOD: Excess dietary sodium (salt) intake can cause fluid retention and interfere with
the blood pressure lowering action of methyldopa
LAB VALUES: May increase serum alkaline phosphatase, ALT, AST.
DOSAGE (usual dosage range)
PO:
Adults/Elderly:
 250– 500 mg 2– 3 times daily (not to exceed 500 mg/day if used with other
agents); may be increased every 2 days as needed; usual maintenance dose
is 500mg– 2 g/day (not to exceed 3 g/day)
Children:
 10 mg/kg/day (300 mg/m2/day); may be increased every 2 days up to 65
mg/kg/day in divided doses (not to exceed 3 g/day).
IV/IM
Children/Adults/Elderly:
 50mg/ml
NEONATES:
 2.5-5 mg/kg q8hr
SIDE EFFECTS
 Diarrhea
 Nausea
 Sedation
 Dizziness
 Headache
ADVERSE EFFECTS
 Hepatitis
 Preterm birth
 Low birth weight in baby
 Illness in both the mother and baby which is sometimes serious
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES:
1. Review Allergies and Medication History
R: To identify any contraindications or potential interactions with methyldopa,
ensuring patient safety.

2. Monitor BP and pulse frequently during initial dose adjustment and periodically
during therapy.
R: To help determine the appropriateness of the medication and establish a
baseline for monitoring its effectiveness.

3. Monitor intake and output ratios and weight and assess for edema daily, especially
at beginning of therapy.
R: To detect and address any fluid retention or edema promptly, which can be a
sign of inadequate blood pressure control or adverse effects.

4. Properly prepare the medication as per the healthcare facility's policies and
procedures.
R: Accurate preparation helps ensure the correct dosage is administered.

5. Emphasize the importance of continuing to take this medication, even if feeling


well
R: To help maintain blood pressure control, reducing the risk of cardiovascular
events, such as stroke or heart attack.

6. Encourage patient to comply with additional interventions for hypertension


(weight reduction, low-sodium diet, smoking cessation, moderation of alcohol
consumption, regular exercise, and stress management).
R: To significantly enhance the effectiveness of antihypertensive medications like
methyldopa.

7. Caution patient to avoid sudden changes in position to decrease orthostatic


hypotension.
R: Sudden drops in blood pressure resulting from orthostatic hypotension can
increase the risk of falls and related injuries, particularly in older adults.

8. Caution patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants.


R: To risk of excessive sedation and drowsiness

9. Inform patient that urine may darken or turn red- black when left standing
R: By informing the patient in advance, healthcare providers can reassure them
that this change is expected and not a cause for concern
10. Advise patient to notify health care professional of medication regimen before
treatment or surgery.
R: Methyldopa may interact with other medications or anesthesia used during
surgery.

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