Statistics [37 marks]

1. [1 mark]
In a high school, 160 students completed a questionnaire which asked for the number
of people they are following on a social media website. The results were recorded in
the following box-and-whisker diagram.

The following incomplete table shows the distribution of the responses from these 160
students.

Write down the mid-interval value for the 100 < x ≤ 150 group.

Markscheme
125 (accept 125.5) (A1)
2a. [2 marks]
A food scientist measures the weights of 760 potatoes taken from a single field and
the distribution of the weights is shown by the cumulative frequency curve below.
Find the number of potatoes in the sample with a weight of more than 200 grams.

Markscheme
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to
aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be
minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.
760 − 420=340 ( g ) (M1)A1

[2 marks]
2b. [1 mark]
Find the median weight.

Markscheme
Median ¿ 190 ( g ) A1
[1 mark]
2c. [1 mark]
Find the lower quartile.

Markscheme
Lower quartile ¿ 135 −140 ( g ) A1

[1 mark]
2d. [1 mark]
Find the upper quartile.

Markscheme
Upper quartile ¿ 242 −247 ( g ) A1

[1 mark]
2e. [2 marks]
The weight of the smallest potato in the sample is 20 grams and the weight of the largest
is 400 grams.
Use the scale shown below to draw a box and whisker diagram showing the distribution of
the weights of the potatoes. You may assume there are no outliers.

Markscheme

M1A1
Note: The M1 is for a box and whisker plot and the A1 for all 5 statistics in the right places.

[2 marks]
3a. [1 mark]
Elsie, a librarian, wants to investigate the length of time, T minutes, that people spent in
her library on a particular day.
State whether the variable T is discrete or continuous.

Markscheme
continuous A1

[1 mark]
3b. [2 marks]
Elsie’s data for 160 people who visited the library on that particular day is shown in the
following table.

Find the value of k .

Markscheme
160 −50 −62 −14 −8 (M1)
¿ A1

[2 marks]
3c. [1 mark]
Write down the modal class.

Markscheme
20 ≤ T < 40 A1
[1 mark]
3d. [1 mark]
Write down the mid-interval value for this class.

Markscheme
30 A1

[1 mark]
3e. [2 marks]
Use Elsie’s data to calculate an estimate of the mean time that people spent in the library.

Markscheme
33.5 minutes A2

Note: FT from their value of k and their mid-interval value. Follow through from part (c)(ii)
but only if mid-interval value lies in their interval.

[2 marks]
3f. [1 mark]
Using the table, write down the maximum possible number of people who spent 35 minutes
or less in the library on that day.

Markscheme
112 A1

[1 mark]
3g. [2 marks]
Elsie assumes her data to be representative of future visitors to the library.
Find the probability a visitor spends at least 60 minutes in the library.
Markscheme
22
160 [ 0.138 , 0.1375 ,13.75 % ,
11
80 ] A1A1

Note: Award A1 for correct numerator, A1 for correct denominator.

[2 marks]
3h. [1 mark]
The following box and whisker diagram shows the times, in minutes, that the 160
visitors spent in the library.

Write down the median time spent in the library.

Markscheme
26 minutes A1

[1 mark]
3i. [2 marks]
Find the interquartile range.

Markscheme
50 −16 (M1)

Note: Award M1 for both correct quartiles seen.

34 minutes A1
[2 marks]
3j. [3 marks]
Hence show that the longest time that a person spent in the library is not an outlier.

Markscheme
correct substitution into outlier formula (M1)
50+1.5 ×34
¿ 101 A1
92<101 OR highest value on diagram ¿ 101 R1
not an outlier AG

Note: Award R1 for their correct comparison. Follow through from their part (h). Award
R0 if their conclusion is “it is an outlier”, this contradicts Elsie’s belief.

[3 marks]
3k. [1 mark]
Elsie believes the box and whisker diagram indicates that the times spent in the library
are not normally distributed.
Identify one feature of the box and whisker diagram which might support Elsie’s belief.

Markscheme
EITHER
the diagram is not symmetric or equivalent
e.g the median is not in the center of the box or
the lengths of the whiskers are (very) different or (positive or right) skew

OR
the mean and median are (very) different; A1

[1 mark]
4a. [1 mark]
The histogram shows the time, t, in minutes, that it takes the customers of a restaurant to
eat their lunch on one particular day. Each customer took less than 25 minutes.
The histogram is incomplete, and only shows data for 0 ≤ t < 20.

Write down the mid-interval value for 10 ≤ t < 15.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
12.5 (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]
4b. [1 mark]
The mean time it took all customers to eat their lunch was estimated to be 12 minutes.
It was found that k customers took between 20 and 25 minutes to eat their lunch.
Write down the total number of customers in terms of k.

Markscheme
33 + k OR 10 + 8 + 5 + 10 + k (A1)
Note: Award (A1) for “number of customers = 33 + k”.
[1 mark]
5a. [1 mark]
A group of 20 students travelled to a gymnastics tournament together. Their ages, in years,
are given in the following table.

For the students in this group write down the median age.

Markscheme
16.5 (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]
5b. [3 marks]
The lower quartile of the ages is 16 and the upper quartile is 18.5.
Draw a box-and-whisker diagram, for these students’ ages, on the following grid.
Markscheme

(A1)(A1)(A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Award (A1) for correct endpoints, (A1) for correct quartiles, (A1)(ft) for their
median. Follow through from part (a)(ii), but only if median is between 16 and 18.5. If a
horizontal line goes through the box, award at most (A1)(A1)(A0). Award at most (A0)(A1)
(A1) if a ruler has not been used.

[3 marks]
6. [2 marks]
The lengths of trout in a fisherman’s catch were recorded over one month, and are
represented in the following histogram.
Complete the following table.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
(A2) (C2)

Note: Award (A2) for all correct entries, (A1) for 3 correct entries.

[2 marks]
7a. [1 mark]
A city hired 160 employees to work at a festival. The following cumulative frequency curve
shows the number of hours employees worked during the festival.
Write down the number of employees who worked 50 hours or less.

Markscheme
130 employees A1 N1
[1 mark]
7b. [1 mark]
The city paid each of the employees £8 per hour for the first 40 hours worked, and £10 per
hour for each hour they worked after the first 40 hours.
Find the amount of money an employee earned for working 40 hours;
Markscheme
£320 A1 N1
[1 mark]
8a. [1 mark]
For a study, a researcher collected 200 leaves from oak trees. After measuring the lengths
of the leaves, in cm, she produced the following cumulative frequency graph.

Write down the median length of these leaves.

Markscheme
40 (leaves) (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]

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