Integration AI HL 04/11 [48 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 7] 24M.1.AHL.TZ1.9

(a) Find ∫ 8 dx. [3]
2x+3

Markscheme

attempt to integrate by substitution or inspection (M1)

4 ln |2x + 3| + c OR 4 ln |x + 1. 5| + c A1A1

Note: Award M1 for ln (2x + 3) or ln (x + 1. 5), A1 for the 4

and A1 for c. The A marks can only be awarded if the M mark is awarded.
Condone absence of modulus signs.

[3 marks]

(b) Hence find the exact area between the curve y =

8
, the x
2x+3

-axis and the lines x = 0 and x = 6. Give your answer in the

form a ln b , where a, b ∈ N. [4]

Markscheme

6
recognizing that area is [4 ln (2x + 3)]
0
(M1)

= 4 ln (15) − 4 ln (3) (A1)

use of log laws for their expression (M1)

= 4 ln (5) (= 2 ln (25) = 1 ln (625)) A1

Note: Award (M1)A0M0A0 for an unsupported final answer of 6. 43775 …

 Award at most (M1)A1FTM0A0 if their answer from part (a) does not include ln
.

[4 marks]

2. [Maximum mark: 9] 24M.1.AHL.TZ2.11

The diagram shows the curve with equation y k = kx
2
− x, k > 0, which

intersects the x-axis at the origin and at the point A k ( k1 , 0).

The normal to the curve at A k intersects the curve again at point B k .

(a) Show that the x-coordinate of B k is − k1 . [6]

Markscheme

2
y = kx − x

dy

dx
= 2kx − 1 (A1)

m tan = 1 A1
 finding negative reciprocal of their gradient (M1)

m normal = −1

normal: y = −(x −
1

k
) A1

equating normal line to quadratic curve M1

2 1
kx − x = −(x − )
k

correct simplification leading to given result A1

e.g. quadratic formula or difference of two squares

2 1
kx − = 0
k

2 2
k x − 1 = 0

(kx − 1)(kx + 1) = 0

1
x = −
k
AG

[6 marks]

Consider the case where k = 2.

(b) Calculate the finite area of the region between the curve with
equation y 2 = 2x
2
− x and the normal at A 2 . [3]

Markscheme

1
1
area= ∫
2
1 −(x −
2
) − (2x
2
− x) d x (M1)(A1)
−
2

Note: Award M1 for evidence of subtracting the functions and A1 for a

completely correct integral. (Condone a missing d x.)
 = 0. 333 (0. 333333 … ,
1

3
) A1

[3 marks]

3. [Maximum mark: 7] 23N.1.AHL.TZ0.11

Consider the function f (x) = x
3
− x, for −1 ≤ x ≤ 1. The shaded region,

R, is bounded by the graph of y = f (x) and the x-axis.

(a.i) Write down an integral that represents the area of R. [1]

Markscheme

EITHER
1
(area of R =) ∫
−1
x
3
− x d x A1
OR
0
(area of R =) 2 × ∫
−1
x
3
− x d x OR (area of R =)
1
−2 × ∫
0
x
3
− x d x A1
OR
0 1
(area of R =) ∫
−1
x
3
− x d x − ∫
0
x
3
− x d x A1

[1 mark]
(a.ii) Find the area of R. [1]

Markscheme

(area of R =) 0. 5 A1

Note: Follow through from part (a)(i) only if answer is greater than zero.

[1 mark]

Another function, g, is defined such that g(x) = 2f (x − 1).

(b) On the following set of axes, the graph of y = f (x) has been

drawn. On the same set of axes, sketch the graph of y = g(x).

[2]

Markscheme
 A1A1

Note: Award A1 for sketch with correct shape on [0, 2], A1 for vertical
stretch x2. Condone max/min of g extending to 1 / −1.

[2 marks]

The region R from the original graph y = f (x) is rotated through 2π radians

about the x-axis to form a solid.

(c) Find the volume of the solid. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to use π ∫ y
2
d x (M1)

1 2
volume = π ∫ −1 (x (A1)
3
− x) d x

16π
volume = 0. 479 (cubic units) (= 0. 478718 … ,
105
)

A1

[3 marks]

4. [Maximum mark: 17] 22N.2.SL.TZ0.5

Linda owns a field, represented by the shaded region R. The plan view of the
field is shown in the following diagram, where both axes represent distance and
are measured in metres.
The segments [AB], [CD] and [AD] respectively represent the western,
eastern and southern boundaries of the field. The function, f (x), models the
northern boundary of the field between points B and C and is given by
2

+ 2x + 30, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 70.

−x
f (x) =
50

(a.i) Find f ′(x). [2]

Markscheme

f ′(x) =
−2x

50
+ 2 (=
−x

25
+ 2, − 0. 04x + 2) A1A1

Note: Award A1 for each correct term. Award at most A0A1 if extra terms are
seen.
 [2 marks]

(a.ii) Hence find the coordinates of the point on the field that is
furthest north. [3]

Markscheme

−x
0 =
25
+ 2 OR sketch of f ′(x) with x-intercept indicated
M1

x = 50 A1

y = 80 A1

(50, 80)

Note: Award M0A0A1 for the coordinate (50, 80) seen either with no
working or found from a graph of f (x).

[3 marks]

Point A has coordinates (0, 0), point B has coordinates (0, 30), point C has
coordinates (70, 72) and point D has coordinates (70, 0).

(b.i) Write down the integral which can be used to find the area of
the shaded region R. [2]

Markscheme

2
70 −x
∫
0 50
+ 2x + 30 d x A1A1

Note: Award A1 for a correct integral, A1 for correct limits in the correct
 location. Award at most A0A1 if d x is omitted.

[2 marks]

(b.ii) Find the area of Linda’s field. [2]

Markscheme

(Area =) 4710 m 2 (4713. 33 … ,

14140

3
) A2

[2 marks]

Linda used the trapezoidal rule with ten intervals to estimate the area. This
calculation underestimated the area by 11. 4 m 2 .

(c.i) Calculate the percentage error in Linda’s estimate. [2]

Markscheme

OR
11.4 4701.93…−4713.33…
× 100% × 100%
4713.33… 4713.33…

(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into the percentage error
formula.

0. 242% (0. 241867 … %) A1

Note: Percentage sign is required. Accept 0. 242038 … % if 4710 is

used.
 [2 marks]

(c.ii) Suggest how Linda might be able to reduce the error whilst still
using the trapezoidal rule. [1]

Markscheme

EITHER

reduce the width of the intervals (trapezoids) A1

OR

increase the number of intervals (trapezoids) A1

Note: Accept equivalent statements. Award A0 for the ambiguous answer

“increase the intervals”.

[1 mark]

Linda would like to construct a building on her field. The square foundation of
the building, EFGH, will be located such that [EH] is on the southern
boundary and point F is on the northern boundary of the property. A possible
location of the foundation of the building is shown in the following diagram.
The area of the square foundation will be largest when [GH] lies on [CD].
(d.i) Find the x-coordinate of point E for the largest area of the
square foundation of building EFGH. [3]

Markscheme

width of the square is 70 − x OR the length of the square is

2

(M1)
−x
+ 2x + 30
50

Note: Award (M1) for 70 − x seen anywhere. Accept 50 + 2x + 30

−x

but only if this expression is explicitly identified as a dimension of the

square.

in term of x, equating the length to the width ED (M1)

 2
−x
+ 2x + 30 = 70 − x
50

(x = 14. 7920 … or 135. 21)

(x =) 14. 8 m (14. 7920 …) A1

Note: Award M0M0A0 for an unsupported answer of 15. Award at most

M1M0A0 for an approach which leads to A′(x) = 0. This will lead to a
square base which extends beyond the east boundary of the property.
Similar for any solution where F is not on the northern boundary, or GH is
not on the east boundary.

[3 marks]

(d.ii) Find the largest area of the foundation. [2]

Markscheme

EITHER

2
(70 − 14. 7920 …) (M1)

OR

2
(55. 2079 …) (M1)

OR

2 2
−(14.7920…)
(
50
+ 2(14. 7920 …) + 30) (M1)

THEN
 (Area =) 3050 m
2
(3047. 92 …) A1

Note: Follow through from part (d)(i), provided x is between 0 and 70.
Award at most M1A0 if their answer is outside the range of their
[0, 4713. 33 …] from part (b).

[2 marks]

5. [Maximum mark: 8] 22M.1.AHL.TZ1.14

(a.i) Expand ( 1 + 1) 2 . [1]
u

Markscheme

u
1
2
+
2

u
+ 1 A1

[1 mark]

(a.ii) 2

Find ∫ (
1

(x+2)
+ 1) d x.
[3]

Markscheme

2
1
∫ ( + 1) d x
(x+2)

1 2 1 2
= ∫( 2
+
x+2
+ 1) d x OR ∫(
u
2
+
u
+ 1) d u
(x+2)

(M1)

1
= −
(x+2)
+ 2 ln|x + 2| + x(+c) A1A1
 Note: Award A1 for first expression, A1 for second two expressions.
Award A1A0 for a final answer of = −
1

u
+ 2 ln(u) + u(+c).

[3 marks]

1
The region bounded by y =
(x+2)
+ 1, x = 0, x = 2 and the x-axis is

rotated through 2π about the x-axis to form a solid.

(b) Find the volume of the solid formed. Give your answer in the
π
form 4
(a + b ln(c)), where a, b, c ∈ Z. [4]

Markscheme

2
1
volume = π[− (x+2) + 2 ln(x + 2) + x] M1
0

= π(− 4
1
+ 2 ln(4) + 2 +
1

2
− 2 ln 2) A1

9
= π( 4 + 2 ln(4) − 2 ln 2)

use of log laws seen, for example M1

9 9 4
π( 4 + 4 ln(2) − 2 ln 2) OR π( 4 + 2 ln(
2
))

π
=
4
(9 + 8 ln (2)) OR a = 9, b = 8 and c = 2 A1

Note: Other correct integer solutions are possible and should be accepted
for example a = 9, b = c = 4.

[4 marks]
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