AMITY LAW SCHOOL

SURPRISE TEST
Que 1 . What do you understand by
Problem Solving ? Explain with proper
examples.
Ans. Problem-solving skills help you determine the source of a problem and find an effective solution.
Although problem-solving is often identified as its own separate skill, there are other related skills that
contribute to this ability. Some key problem-solving skills include: Active listening Analysis Research
Creativity Communication Dependability Decision making Team-building Problem-solving skills are
important in every career at every level. As a result, effective problem solving may also require industry or
job-specific technical skills. For example, a registered nurse will need active listening and communication
skills when interacting with patients but will also need effective technical knowledge related to diseases and
medications. In many cases, a nurse will need to know when to consult a doctor regarding a patient’s
medical needs as part of the solution.

Ques 2. Suppose your friend is facing an

exam stress as a problem. What would
you suggest him/her as a helper to solve
that kind of problem. Write proper
justification.
Ans. Friends can often take on an important supportive role during the exam periods and at other times of
stress; often very simple things can help. Accept that your friend is anxious, whatever the cause of the
anxiety and whether or not you feel they have a good reason to be anxious. Encourage them to talk about
their concerns and listen carefully. Help them to build up a group of people, including friends and family
who can support them. Encourage them to relax and to try and follow the strategies outlined below.
Encourage them to seek further guidance and help from the resources detailed at the end of this guide if the
strategies outlined do not help.
Que 3 . Discuss different method of
problem solving.
Ans. Root Сause Analysis Root cause analysis (RCA) is an approach for identifying the underlying causes
of a problem. The method is typically used when something goes badly. However, it is sometimes used
when something goes well. Problem-solving, incident investigation and root cause analysis are
fundamentally connected by 3 basic questions: What’s the problem? Why did it happen? What should be
done to prevent it from happening again? RCA consists of 3 steps: Define Define the problem by its impact
on overall goals. 2. Analyze Visualize the problem. It will explain and reveal all of the causes. 3. Solve
Prevent any negative impact to the goals by choosing the best solution. Effective solutions should make a
change to how people execute processes. There are typical types of causes: Physical causes. They are
tangible and material. Human causes. When people did something wrong or did not do something that was
required. Human causes typically lead to physical ones. Organizational causes. It’s about a system, process
or policy that people use to make decisions or do their work is faulty. CATWOE CATWOE is an acronym
that stands for Customers Actors Transformation process World view Owners Environmental constraints It
looks like a simple checklist to find solutions to problems. With its help, you may find surprising solutions
and stimulates multiple approaches. CATWOE makes it possible to identify problem areas, look at what
companies desire, and which solutions can influence the stakeholders. Customers — Who they are and how
will the problem affect them? Actors — Who is involved in the problem? Who should be involved to solve
this problem? Transformation process — What processes are affected by this problem? World view —
What is the general picture of what is happening? Are there any global consequences? Owner — Who owns
the process/ situation and what role will he/she play in the decision? Environmental constraints — Are there
any restrictions that can affect the end result? 5 Whys method This approach will help to get to the roots of a
problem quickly. You may use it for troubleshooting, quality improvement and problem-solving. This
method’s simplicity gives it great flexibility and it combines well with other methods and techniques. 5
Whys uses a 6-step flow: Team gathering. Discussion should combine those who are directly related to the
problem. Determining the problem, if it is not defined. The definition must be agreed by all team members.
The key “Why?” . Ask why the problem been occurred. Use only facts without speculation. The rest
“Whys” . Ask this question again. Continue until the main problem is found. There may be not five
questions but more or less. Action plan. When the team identified the root cause, it’s time to discuss the list
of measures and actions to avoid a recurrence of the problem in the future. Analysis. Analysis is also very
important. Discuss how effective the measures were, whether they helped to get rid of the problem or reduce
its impact. If the goal has not been achieved, it is necessary to repeat the process. It is important to move
quickly from the answer to the next question, which will allow you to determine the overall picture before
consciousness comprehends the problem. If known methods and techniques require study, then the simplest
exercises and games for team problem solving can be applied without special preparation and without taking
up much time.
Ques 4 . Write down different types of
problem and the related solution of that
type .
Ans. Known, solution requires just → action. Most of the problems in life stem from one cause: we can't get
ourselves to take action. It's not that we don't know what to do. The problem is getting ourselves to follow
through, overcome procrastination and resistance to change and just do it. Can be solved by adopting the →
right mindset and → self-motivation. ❷Known, solution requires additional expertise. Requires for its
solution more information, or a better technique for handling information, or additional skills, or different
→ attitude. Can be solved by vertical and systematic thinking. ❸Known, solution requires new approaches,
reframing, and → creative thinking. Requires no new information but → reframing or rearrangement of
information already available: an insight restructuring.1 This type of problems requires changing →
perceptual positions as well as lateral and outside-the-box thinking for their solution. The best approach is
→ turning problems into opportunities. ❹Unknown, need to be identified. The problem is to realize that
there is a problem, that things → can be improved and define this realization as a problem. Dealing with this
type of hidden problems requires challenging assumptions, asking “Why?” and “What if?” questions,
benchmarking, and cross-pollination of ideas.
Ques 5 .Explicate different steps of
problem solving process.
Ans. Step 1: Define the Problem
What is the problem? How did you discover the problem? When did the problem start and how long has this
problem been going on? Is there enough data available to contain the problem and prevent it from getting
passed to the next process step? If yes, contain the problem. Step 2: Clarify the Problem What data is
available or needed to help clarify, or fully understand the problem? Is it a top priority to resolve the
problem at this point in time? Are additional resources required to clarify the problem? If yes, elevate the
problem to your leader to help locate the right resources and form a team. Consider a Lean Event (Do-it,
Burst, RPI, Project). ∙Ensure the problem is contained and does not get passed to the next process step. Step
3: Define the Goals What is your end goal or desired future state? What will you accomplish if you fix this
problem? What is the desired timeline for solving this problem? Step 4: Identify Root Cause of the Problem
Identify possible causes of the problem. Prioritize possible root causes of the problem. What information or
data is there to validate the root cause? Step 5: Develop Action Plan Generate a list of actions required to
address the root cause and prevent problem from getting to others. Assign an owner and timeline to each
action. Status actions to ensure completion. Step 6: Execute Action Plan Implement action plan to address
the root cause. Verify actions are completed. Step 7: Evaluate the Results Monitor and Collect Data. Did
you meet your goals defined in step 3? If not, repeate th 8-Step Process. Were there any unforeseen
consequences? If problem is resolved, remove activities that were added previously to contain the problem.
Step 8: Continuously Improve Look for additional opportunities to implement solution. Ensure problem will
not come back and communicate lessons learned. If needed, repeat the 8-Step Problem Solving Process to
drive further improvements