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Building Terms

This document defines various building terms related to foundations, framing, roofing, and finishing of structures. It includes terms like footing, foundation wall, floor joist, header, rafter, siding, and drywall which describe fundamental structural components and materials used in building construction.

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Arianne Costales
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48 views3 pages

Building Terms

This document defines various building terms related to foundations, framing, roofing, and finishing of structures. It includes terms like footing, foundation wall, floor joist, header, rafter, siding, and drywall which describe fundamental structural components and materials used in building construction.

Uploaded by

Arianne Costales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Glossary of Building Terms

1. DRAIN TILE - Pipe which carries away ground water from around the
foundation of a building.
2. FOOTING - That portion of a foundation of a structure which spreads and
transmits loads directly to the soil.
3. FOUNDATION WALL - Construction, primarily below grade, which provides
support for exterior walls, or other structural parts of a building.
4. MUD SLAB (or Crawl Space) - An accessible space below the first
floor,which is less than a full story in height.
5. DAMPPROOFING - Making walls impervious to water, or dampness, by mixing
a compound with cement, or by applying a compound to the surface of the wall.
6. FLOOR GIRDER - Gives physical support to floor joists.
7. MUDSILL - The lowest wooden part of a structure, placed directly on the
foundation.
8. FLOOR JOIST - A heavy piece of horizontal timber to which the boards of
a floor are nailed.
9. BRIDGING - Wood or metal members that are installed, usually in a diagonal
position, between the floor joist for the purpose of bracing the joists against
spreading and warping.
10. SUB-FLOOR - Boards or plywood lay directly on the joist. The finished
flooring is laid over the sub-flooring.
11. BOTTOM PLATE (or Sole Plate) - The horizontal member placed on the sub-
flooring upon which the studs rest.
12. CORNER STUDS - Two 2x4’s nailed together to reinforce the corners of a
frame structure.
13. FRAMING STUDS - The various supporting parts of a building fitted
together into a skeleton form.
14. JACK STUD - Gives direct support to headers (nailed to framing studs and
to header).
15. HEADER - Horizontal structural member that supports the load over an
opening, such as a door or window.
16. CRIPPLE STUDS - Studding cut short to be used over and under a door or
window opening.
17. TOP PLATE - Two 2x4’s placed on top of the framing studs.
18. WALL SHEATHING - Wide boards, plywood, flake-board, etc., nailed to
studding.
19. CEILING POST - A heavy piece of horizontal timber to which the ceiling is
supported.
20. RAFTER - One of a series of structural members of a roof designed to
support roof loads.
21. ROOF SHEATHING - Boards or plywood that are nailed on roof rafters
and over which shingles or other roof covering is laid.
22. SIDING - The finish covering of the outside walls of a frame building.
23. SOFFIT - The underside surfaces of an arch or overhang.
24. FASCIA (or Gutter Board) - A board nailed to the ends of the rafters, that
gives the gutter physical support.
25. DOORJAMB - The sides and top of an opening used in the framing of a
doorway or window.
26. WINDOW CASING - The trimming around a window either outside or
inside.
27. FINISH ROOF - The material applied to the roof sheathing to make it
waterproof.
28. GUTTERS - A trough attached to the edge of a roof to collect and conduct
water from rain or melting snow.
29. INTERIOR FINISH - The surface finishes of an interior wall or ceiling and
includes finish, which is integral with the wall or ceiling material.

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