Fundamentals of Returns Portfolio Management
Fundamentals of Returns Portfolio Management
Basics of Returns
1/ Historical Returns
2/ Annualized Returns
3/ Arithmetic Average of Returns
4/ Geometric mean Returns or CAGR
5/ Portfolio Returns - Weighted Returns
6/ Expected Returns
Geometric Mean
In finance, geometric mean is used to calculate the rates
The compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) is the same as t
CAGR is a geometric average and provides a more accurate m
It’s typically used to view investments over any period of time,
It provides the geometric mean return for investments over this
If you’re analyzing investments, this number indicates the value
(and is particularly useful when comparing or evaluating histor
Keep in mind that CAGR assumes a constant growth rate for th
CAGR is simply a way to calculate the internal rate of return, a
Given Prob
Retunr % Mean =Sum (Pi * Ri)
CAGR
sing Probability
um (Pi * ri)
n asset over time.
hmetic mean.
to 5 years.
ound growth.
me period
Returns 15.00%(22+1)/20 -1
22+1)/20 -1 (23/20)-1
An investor purchased $1,000 of a mutual fund’s shares.
The fund had the following total returns over a 3-year period:
Calculate the value at the end of the 3-year period,
the holding period return, the mean annual return, and the g
Given
Year Returns
1 5%
2 -8%
3 12%
Period Value
0 1000.00
1 1050.00
2 966.00
3 1081.92
Rp = ∑ (Wi * Ri)
Asset 1 Asset 2
Investment $70,000 $30,000
Return (r) 20% 12%
Weight (w) 70% 30%
Tesla Netflix
Investment $600 $400
Return (r) 3.5% 2.7%
Tesla Netflix
Weight (w) 0.6 0.4
a given below
hree stocks which is Stock A and its expected return of 18%
and she is also interested into own Stock B $25,000,
he expected return of stock C is $30,000 at the rate
the overall return she would obtain on her portfolio?
a given below
for a month. And, If you realized the return
month, Calculate the portfolio return?
a given below
he investment portfolio
Expected Returns
Stdev of Returns
Example
The share of ABC Ltd has the following returns associated wit
Returns % Probabilities
-20% 5%
-10% 10%
10% 20%
15% 25%
20% 20%
25% 15%
30% 5%
Calculate the expected Returns, Variance, Standard Deviation
Scenario ProbabiliReturns
Worst 25% -5%
Moderate 25% 10%
Best 50% 20%
Expected Return
Using Sumproduct
e below
Pi*ri
3.00%
3.00%
0.40%
-1.25%
5.15% 5.15%
Sum of (Pi*ri)
Pi*(X-Mean)^2
0.1173%
0.0706%
0.0198%
0.2576%
0.4653%
5.15%
6.82%
ng returns associated with probabilities
-Mean)^2
Prob * (Ret-Mean)^2
Mean
Variance
Stdev
Stdev/ Mean 0.960768922830523
e below
Pi. * Ri
-1.2500%
2.5000%
10.0000%
11.2500%
11.250%
Basics of Returns
Example
You bought 100 shares of PFC at Rs 112.00 last week
During the week you also received Rs 3 per share as dividend
Today you sold 100 shares at Rs 120 per share
Calculate the rate of return and annualized share if your hold
Coupon income
Capital Loss
Returns
Annualized Returns
6)
Mr X wants to calculate the average return of a share of RPL L
as on 31st December 2013.
The share price at the end of years(31st Dec) 2008,2009,2010
Rs 100, Rs 118, Rs 130 , Rs 120, Rs 140 and Rs 160.
The share did not pay any dividend over the years.
Calculate the average return of RPL Ltd share. Also interpret t
Solution
Year Share price Returns
2008 100
2009 118 18.00%
2010 130 10.17%
2011 120 -7.69%
2012 140 16.67%
2013 160 14.29%
10.29%
7)
The following data of a company's share with dividend in diffe
Year Share price Dividends
2008 100 0
2009 118 6
2010 130 5
2011 120 0
2012 140 10
2013 160 5
200,550
197,055
-1.743%
10days
-63.609%
he period of investment
12,500
-29000
-6.600%
-53.533%
18 24.00%
12 14.41%
-10 -7.69%
20 25.00%
20 17.86%
Average Returns 14.71%
State of
Economy
A
B
C
D
E
State of
Economy
A
B
C
D
E
Scenario Prob
A 30%
B 50%
C 20%
Scenario Prob
A 30%
B 50%
C 20%
Covariance (X,Y)
Correlation(X,Y)
sible outcomes in different states of economy are g
e the following
cted Returns of Investments X, Y
ance and Standard Deviation of X, Y
fficient of Variation of X, Y
ice which investment is better in terms of Risk and
#VALUE!
nomy are given below
of Risk and Returns
Y
State of
Economy Prob
A 10%
B 20%
C 40%
D 20%
E 10%
VAR(Y)
Sigma STDEV(Y)
Coeff. Of Variation (Y)
Pi*(R
et-
mea
n(x))
^2
0%
1%
1%
###
###
(x)*(Ret(y)-Mean(Y)
Ret(Y) Pi*(Ret-Mean)^2
14% 0.036%
-4% 0.288%
6% 0.016%
15% 0.098%
20% 0.144%
0.582%
7.629%
Variation (Y) 0.95