Scribd
Upload
31 views

Medieval Music

The document summarizes medieval music from approximately 450-1450 CE. It discusses important genres like Gregorian chant and mass, as well as composers like Hildegard of Bingen. Music was mostly vocal and created for the church, with instruments sometimes providing drone accompaniment. Melodies were based on chant and moved by step, while harmony focused on thirds and organum added a second line to chant. Over time, notation indicated rhythm and polyphony developed in three or four voice parts.

Uploaded by

Yanqiao Shi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views

Medieval Music

The document summarizes medieval music from approximately 450-1450 CE. It discusses important genres like Gregorian chant and mass, as well as composers like Hildegard of Bingen. Music was mostly vocal and created for the church, with instruments sometimes providing drone accompaniment. Melodies were based on chant and moved by step, while harmony focused on thirds and organum added a second line to chant. Over time, notation indicated rhythm and polyphony developed in three or four voice parts.

Uploaded by

Yanqiao Shi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

中世纪音乐：总结

Medieval Music: Summary

Important Terms: Church modes; Drone; Cantus firmus; Ars nova (new art); Mass ordinary
重要术语：教会调式；持续音；固定旋律；新艺术；常规弥撒

Featured Genres: Gregorian chant; Mass; Estampie; Organum; Ballata; Rondeau


提到的体裁：格里高利圣咏；弥撒；埃斯坦比耶；奥尔加农；巴拉塔；回旋歌

Composers: Hildegard of Bingen; Perotin; Francesco Landini; Guillaume de Machaut


作曲家：宾根的希尔德加德；佩罗坦；兰迪尼；马肖

Music in Society
 The Middle Ages in music extends from roughly 450 to 1450
 During the Middle Ages, musicians worked for churches, courts, and towns
 The most important musicians were priests and worked for the church
 Vocal music was more important than instrumental music
 Women were not permitted to sing in church, but they could make music in convents, where they also could
receive musical training
 Secular song and dance flourished

Important Style Features


Mood and Emotional Expression
 Gregorian chant conveys a calm, otherworldly, spiritual quality
 Medieval composers were relatively uninterested in expressing the emotions of a text

Rhythm
 Gregorian chant rhythm is flexible, without meter, and has little sense of beat; as a result, the music has a
floating quality
 Troubadour and trouvere notation do not indicate rhythm, but much of this music most likely had a regular
meter with a clearly defined beat
 Dances have a regular, clearly defined beat
 Notre Dame composers developed the first instances of western notation that indicated measured rhythms
with definite time values
 In ars nova, the beat could be subdivided in to two as well as three, and syncopation became an important
rhythmic practice

Dynamics
 Dynamic indications do not appear in medieval scores

Tone Color
 Indications of instruments do not appear in music manuscripts
 Occasionally vocal or instrumental music will be accompanied by a drone
Melody and Harmony
 For centuries, medieval composers based original compositions on chant melodies
 Chant melodies of the Middle Ages often move by step within a narrow range
 Medieval music theorists considered the interval of a third a dissonance; thus, the music occasionally can
sound hollow to us. In the later Middle Ages, thirds and triads are used more often

Texture
 For hundreds of years, western music was basically monophonic
 Sometime between 700 and 900 CE, a second line of music was added to Gregorian chant, creating
organum.
 Staring around 1200, composers wrote polyphonic music in three- and four voice parts.

社会中的音乐

 中世纪音乐的时间范围为约 450 年至 1450 年（5-15 世纪）


 中世纪音乐家多位教堂、宫廷和城市工作
 最重的是为教堂工作的音乐家
 声乐比器乐更重要
 女性不允许在教堂中演唱，但可以在女修道院中从事音乐活动，接受音乐训练
 世俗歌曲和舞蹈繁荣

主要风格特征

情绪和情感表达
 格里高利圣咏传达平静、非世俗和神圣的情感
 中世纪作曲家对音乐中表达歌词的情感内涵不太感兴趣

节奏
 格里高利圣咏的节奏自由，没有拍子，很少有节拍，因此音乐富有流动感
 游吟诗人的歌曲记谱不指示节奏，但这些作品很可能使用有规律的拍子和明显的节拍
 舞曲使用有规律的、明显的节拍
 在西方音乐史上，圣母院乐派的作曲家们首先在乐谱中记录节奏，他们的有量节奏能够体现明确的
时值
 新艺术允许作曲家将节拍二分或三分，切分音成为重要的节奏型

力度
 中世纪记谱不指示力度

音色
 中世纪记谱不指示使用何种乐器
 有时声乐或器乐作品使用持续音伴奏

旋律与和声
 在数百年中，中世纪作曲家以格里高利圣咏为基础创作
 中世纪的圣咏旋律的音域狭窄，多使用级进
 中世纪音乐理论家认为三度是不协和的，因此中世纪音乐有时令人感到空洞。中世纪后期的音乐较
多使用三度和三和弦
 多使用教会调式而非大小调

织体
 在数百年中，西方音乐基本上是单声部的
 约在 8-10 世纪，格里高利圣咏旋律被加上第二个声部，出现奥尔加农
 自 13 世纪，作曲家开始创作三声部和四声部的复调音乐

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy