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Western Music 9

Medieval music ranged from approximately 476-1475 AD. The primary form was Gregorian chant, which was monophonic and mostly used for celebrating Mass. Chant was based on eight modes that determined melodic range and structure. Neumes provided early musical notation. Instruments gradually became incorporated and polyphonic textures emerged later in the period. Major developments included troubadour songs and the establishment of the do-re-mi syllables still used today.

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Angel Lizette B. Batioco
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129 views23 pages

Western Music 9

Medieval music ranged from approximately 476-1475 AD. The primary form was Gregorian chant, which was monophonic and mostly used for celebrating Mass. Chant was based on eight modes that determined melodic range and structure. Neumes provided early musical notation. Instruments gradually became incorporated and polyphonic textures emerged later in the period. Major developments included troubadour songs and the establishment of the do-re-mi syllables still used today.

Uploaded by

Angel Lizette B. Batioco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Music in the Middle Ages

Medieval Music Difficulties


Longest period of music history
476-1475 Middle Ages
1475-1600 Renaissance
1600-1750 Baroque
1750-1820 Classical
1825-1900 Romantic
1900-2000 Modern
Medieval Period (700 – 1400)

Chant – a monophonic sacred form used


as the earliest music of the Christian
church
- also known as plain song
- used in celebrating Mass
- consists of a body chants known as
Gregorian Chant
Early Medieval period was known as
liturgical genre by way of monophonic
Gregorian Chant.
- developed during 13th to 14th century
- was changed to Organum chant song
- instruments such as gittern, lute, and
mandore were used for Medieval
music
An important Medieval music theory
element was the unique tonal system
wherein pitches were arranged and
understood.
A systematic arrangement of a series of
whole steps and half steps, was known
as a mode before, and which is now
called a scale.
Characteristics of Medieval
Music
PERFORMING MEDIUM: During the
Medieval period, music was primarily
vocal.
Rhythm was not notated during much of this
period, and traditions regarding the
treatment of sacred text, the meter of the
text, and the musical abilities of singers and
instrumentalists often determined the
rhythmic complexity and tempo of pieces
Melodic intervals and the range of melodies
were generally small during this era.
Music appears to have been constructed and
heard as separate lines rather than vertical
sonorities. (HARMONY)
Monophonic texture was predominantly used
during the first part of this era, and
polyphonic texture began to be used in the
mid to late Medieval period.
Monophonic texture was predominantly used
during the first part of this era, and
polyphonic texture began to be used in the
mid to late Medieval period.
Eight Church Modes
 Dorian
 Hypodorian

 Phrygian

 Hypophrygian

 Lydian

 Hypolydian

 Mixolydian

 Hypomixolydian
Defining elements in each mode
Finalis – tones that serves as the focal point
for the mode
Reciting tone – referred to as tenor
- also known as confinalis
Range – the most proscribed tones for a given
mode
- also known as ambitus
Gregorian Chant

- main practice of Western plainchant


- form of monophonic sacred song without
accompaniment
- named after Pope Gregory the Great
- can be sung using six-note patterns called
hexachords
- traditionally written using Nuemes
Neumes
early chant notation
small symbols written above text
did not originally indicate a specific
pitch
evolved into system of square notes
early form of musical notation using
four-line and five-line staff
Early Neumatic Notation
- mostly sung by men
- music of the Roman rite
- became the music of the Christian liturgy
- considered as the most suitable form of
worship
- Adam de la Halle was a French poet and
considered to the first trouvere musician
Characteristics of Gregorian
Chant
- Monophonic
- Free meter
- Modal
- Usually based on Latin liturgy
- Used of Nueme notation
Liturgical Drama
- early musical tradition in the early Middle
Ages
- shows the Roman drama with Christian
stories such as the Gospel, the Passion, and
the lives of the saints
- believed to be performed by travelling
actors and musicians
Goliards
- travelling poet-musicians of Europe from
10th to mid 13th century
- mostly scholars and clergymen, who wrote
and sang in Latin
- mostly secular poetry
- profane music
Troubadour Music
- compose and perform Old Occitan lyric
poetry in the Middle Ages (1100-1350)
- Troubadour refers to man while Trobairitz
refers to woman
- According to Dante Alighieri, troubadour lyric
is a musical, poetical, and rhetorical fiction.
- songs are centered on chivalry and courtly
love
Three styles of Troubadour
Music
1.Trobar clus – close
2.Trobar lue – light
3.Trobar ric – rich
The History of Do-Re-Mi
The origin of Do-Re-Mi can be traced back to
the 10th century. Guido of Arezzo (born
around 991 AD) was a Benedictine monk
and music theorist. He developed a sight-
singing method that employs the following
syllables as a sort of mnemonic device for
the different notes in a scale.

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