0% found this document useful (0 votes)
77 views12 pages3082 203 1
Uploaded by
bakhoyaagnesCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
77 views12 pages3082 203 1
Uploaded by
bakhoyaagnesCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 12
3082/203
3084/203
STRUCTURES (INCLUDING
HIGHWAY ENGINEERING)
June/July 2023
Time: 3 hours
THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
HIGHER DIPLOMA IN CONSTRUCTION
(BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING OPTION)
(HIGHER DIPLOMA IN WATER ENGINEERING)
STRUCTURES (INCLUDING HIGHWAY ENGINEERING)
3 hours
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
You should have the following for this examination:
Answer booklet,
‘cientific calculator;
Copy of CP1I4;
Copy of BS 449.
This paper consists of EIGHT questions in TWO sections A and B.
Answer FIVE questions choosing FOUR questions from section A and ONE question from section B.
All questions carry equal marks.
Maximum marks for each part of a question are as indicated.
Candidates should answer the questions in English.
This paper consists of 12 printed pages.
Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that
all the pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
© 2023 The Kenya National Examinations Council ‘Turn over SECTION A: STRUCTURES
Answer any ONE question from this section.
ae (a) State four merits of prestressed concrete. (4 marks)
(b) A simply supported prestressed concrete beam of rectangular secion 400 x 600mm is,
loaded with a uniformly distributed load of 250KN over a span of 6m as shown in
figure 1. Sketch the distribution of stresses at mid-span and end sections if the
prestress force is 1880KN and the tension is:
(i) concentric;
(ii) eccentric, loaded at 200mm above bottom fibre.
(16 marks)
400mm
(@) Elevation of loaded beam (b) Beam section
Fig.
2. Afioor slab in an office building is of internal dimensions 6.0 m x 7.0 m and of right angled
corners. It is simply supported at the edges with no provision to resist torsion at the corners or
to hold the corners down on 250 mm thick masonry walls.
Design and detail the slab given the following data:
Imposed load = 2.5 kNim?
Dead load due to finishe: 1.25 kNim?
Unit weight of concrete 24 kNim>
P., = 7Nimm*
P,, = 230 N/mm?
(20 marks)
3082/203 2
3084/203
June July 2023 3. (@ A short reinforced conerete column is to support an axial load of 600 KN. Design and
detail the section given the following information.
Pse = 175 N/mm?
Pee = 5.3 Nimm*
Percentage steel = 1.5%
(6 marks)
(>) Design and detail a square base to support the column in 3(a) using the following
information.
P,, = 7Nimm?
P,, = 230 Nimm?
m = 15
Permissible shear stress = 0.7 Nimm?
Permissible punching stress = 1.4 Nimm?
Soil bearing capacity = 350 kN/m?
(14 marks)
A. Arectangular reinforced concrete beam is simply supported over a span of effective length 6 m.
Design and detail the elevation and section of the beam given the following data.
Loading inclusive of self weight = 30 kN/m
Effective span = 6m
Breadth of beam = 250 mm
Concrete mix 4
Reinforcement: High yield
(20 marks)
5. Figure 2 shows a loaded stanchion of 305 x 305 x 118 kg/m Universal Column (UC). Check
its adequacy when cased in accordance to BS 449 if the column has an actual length of 4.5 m
and is fixed at one end and pinned at the other.
Take P,. = 165 Nimm? (20 marks)
3082/203 ‘Turn over
3084/203
Juneh uly 2023 6. Figure3 shows an arrangement of formwork to support 125 mm thick reinforced concrete
slab. Design a typical support joist in SC3 class spanning 2.5m at 450 mm centres. Use the
following information:
- Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 24 KN/m*
- self weight of timber sheeting = 0.1 Kim?
- load due to self weight of joists = 0.12 Knim?
- imposed load due to construction work=1.5 Kw/m*
Stresses and moduli
- bending parallel to grain, Y, g, par=24KNim?
- shear stress parallel to grain, Y = 0.603 Nimm*
- mean modulus of elasticity, "mean = 7040 Jmm*
Modification factors:
Wet exposure geometrical factor, K1
For cross-sectional area: 1.04
For sectional modulus 1.06
For second moment of area 1.08
Load duration factor K3 for 1 week = 1.4
Load sharing factor Ks = 1.1
Depth sharing K7 as applicable to size
Maximum depth to breadth ratio = 5
(20 marks)
3082/203 4
3084/203,
June/July 2023 rops
E
3 i
a 5
3 é c
Proprietary stel props
2.5m 2.5m
‘SECTION :
Fig.3
3082/203, 5 ‘Turn over
3084/203 :
umetduly 2023 SECTION B: HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
Answer ONE question from this section.