MATHEMATICS (MA)

Real Analysis:

Sequences and Series of Real Numbers: convergence of sequences, bounded and monotone
sequences, Cauchy sequences, Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem, absolute convergence, tests of
convergence for series – comparison test, ratio test, root test; Power series (of one real variable),
radius and interval of convergence, term-wise differentiation and integration of power series.

Functions of One Real Variable: limit, continuity, intermediate value property, differentiation,
Rolle’s Theorem, mean value theorem, L'Hospital rule, Taylor's theorem, Taylor’s series, maxima
JAM 2024

and minima, Riemann integration (definite integrals and their properties), fundamental theorem of
calculus.

Multivariable Calculus and Differential Equations:

Functions of Two or Three Real Variables: limit, continuity, partial derivatives, total derivative,
maxima and minima.

Integral Calculus: double and triple integrals, change of order of integration, calculating surface
areas and volumes using double integrals, calculating volumes using triple integrals.

Differential Equations: Bernoulli’s equation, exact differential equations, integrating factors,

orthogonal trajectories, homogeneous differential equations, method of separation of variables,
linear differential equations of second order with constant coefficients, method of variation of
parameters, Cauchy-Euler equation.

Linear Algebra and Algebra:

Matrices: systems of linear equations, rank, nullity, rank-nullity theorem, inverse, determinant,
eigenvalues, eigenvectors.

Finite Dimensional Vector Spaces: linear independence of vectors, basis, dimension, linear
transformations, matrix representation, range space, null space, rank-nullity theorem.

Groups: cyclic groups, abelian groups, non-abelian groups, permutation groups, normal
MATHEMATICS

subgroups, quotient groups, Lagrange's theorem for finite groups, group homomorphisms.
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2012- MA 2012- MA
Test Paper Code: MA

Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 300 READ INSTRUCTIONS ON THE LEFT

SIDE OF THIS PAGE CAREFULLY
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This question-cum-answer booklet has 36 pages
and has 29 questions. Please ensure that the REGISTRATION NUMBER
copy of the question-cum-answer booklet you
have received contains all the questions.
2. Write your Registration Number, Name and
the name of the Test Centre in the appropriate Name:
space provided on the right side.
3. Write the answers to the objective questions
against each Question Number in the Answer
Table for Objective Questions, provided on
Page 7. Do not write anything else on this page.
4. Each objective question has 4 choices for its Test Centre:
answer: (A), (B), (C) and (D). Only ONE of them
is the correct answer. There will be negative
marking for wrong answers to objective
questions. The following marking scheme for
objective questions shall be used:
(a) For each correct answer, you will be
awarded 6 (Six) marks.
(b) For each wrong answer, you will be
awarded -2 (Negative two) mark.
(c) Multiple answers to a question will be Do not write your Registration Number
treated as a wrong answer. or Name anywhere else in this
(d) For each un-attempted question, you will be question-cum-answer booklet.
awarded 0 (Zero) mark.
(e) Negative marks for objective part will be
carried over to total marks.
5. Answer the subjective question only in the
space provided after each question. I have read all the instructions and shall
6. Do not write more than one answer for the same
abide by them.
question. In case you attempt a subjective
question more than once, please cancel the
answer(s) you consider wrong. Otherwise, the
answer appearing last only will be evaluated.
7. All answers must be written in blue/black/blue-
black ink only. Sketch pen, pencil or ink of any ……………………………………………...
other colour should not be used. Signature of the Candidate
8. All rough work should be done in the space
provided and scored out finally.
9. No supplementary sheets will be provided to the
candidates.
10. Clip board, log tables, slide rule, calculator, I have verified the information filled by the
cellular phone and electronic gadgets in any Candidate above.
form are NOT allowed.
11. The question-cum-answer booklet must be
returned in its entirety to the Invigilator before
leaving the examination hall. Do not remove any
page from this booklet. ……………………………………………...
12. Refer to special instructions/useful data on the
reverse.
Signature of the Invigilator

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Special Instructions/ Useful Data

: The set of all natural numbers, that is, the set of

all positive integers 1, 2, 3, …

: The set of all integers

: The set of all rational numbers

: The set of all real numbers

{e1 , e2 ,… , en } : The standard basis of the real vector space n

f ′, f ′′ : First and second derivatives respectively of a

real function f

f x ( a, b), f y ( a, b) : Partial derivatives with respect to x and y

respectively of f : 2 → at (a, b)

R×S : Product ring of rings R, S with component-

wise operations of addition and multiplication

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IMPORTANT NOTE FOR CANDIDATES
• Questions 1-15 (objective questions) carry six marks each and questions 16-29 (subjective
questions) carry fifteen marks each.
• Write the answers to the objective questions in the Answer Table for Objective Questions
provided on page 7 only.

Q.1 Let { xn } be the sequence + 1, − 1, + 2, − 2, + 3, − 3, + 4, − 4,... .

If
x1 + x2 + + xn
yn = for all n ∈ ,
n
then the sequence { yn } is

(A) monotonic
(B) NOT bounded
(C) bounded but NOT convergent
(D) convergent

Q.2 The number of distinct real roots of the equation x 9 + x 7 + x 5 + x 3 + x + 1 = 0 is

(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 9

Q.3 If f : 2
→ is defined by
⎧ x3
⎪ if ( x, y ) ≠ ( 0, 0 ) ,
f ( x, y ) = ⎨ x 2 + y 4
⎪ 0 if ( x, y ) = ( 0, 0 ) ,
⎩
then

(A) f x ( 0, 0 ) = 0 and f y ( 0, 0 ) = 0
(B) f x ( 0, 0 ) = 1 and f y ( 0, 0 ) = 0
(C) f x ( 0, 0 ) = 0 and f y ( 0, 0 ) = 1
(D) f x ( 0, 0 ) = 1 and f y ( 0, 0 ) = 1

1 z y

∫z =0 y∫=0 x∫=0 x y
2
Q.4 The value of z 3 dx dy dz is

1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
90 50 45 10

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Q.5 The differential equation (1 + x 2 y 3 + α x 2 y 2 ) dx + ( 2 + x 3 y 2 + x 3 y ) dy = 0 is exact if α equals

1 3
(A) (B) (C) 2 (D) 3
2 2

Q.6 An integrating factor for the differential equation ( 2 xy + 3 x 2 y + 6 y 3 ) dx + ( x 2 + 6 y 2 ) dy = 0 is

(A) x3 (B) y 3 (C) e3x (D) e3 y

Q.7 (
For c > 0, if aiˆ + bjˆ + ckˆ is the unit normal vector at 1,1, 2 ) to the cone z = x 2 + y 2 , then

(A) a 2 + b2 − c2 = 0 (B) a 2 − b2 + c2 = 0
(C) −a 2 + b2 + c 2 = 0 (D) a 2 + b2 + c2 = 0

Q.8 Consider the quotient group of the additive group of rational numbers. The order of the
2
element + in is
3

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 6

Q.9 Which one of the following is TRUE ?

(A) The characteristic of the ring 6 is 6

(B) The ring 6 has a zero divisor
(C) The characteristic of the ring ( 6 ) × 6 is zero
(D) The ring 6 × 6 is an integral domain

Q.10 Let W be a vector space over and let T : 6 → W be a linear transformation such that
S = {Te2 , Te4 , Te6 } spans W . Which one of the following must be TRUE ?

(A) S is a basis of W
(B) T ( 6 ) ≠ W
(C) {Te1 , Te3 , Te5 } spans W
(D) ker (T ) contains more than one element

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Q.11 Consider the following subspace of 3 :
{
W = ( x, y, z )∈ 3 2 x + 2 y + z = 0, 3x + 3 y − 2 z = 0, x + y − 3 z = 0 . }
The dimension of W is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

Q.12 Let P be a 4 × 4 matrix whose determinant is 10. The determinant of the matrix −3P is

(A) −810 (B) −30 (C) 30 (D) 810

∞ ∞
Q.13 If the power series ∑ an x n converges for x = 3, then the series
n =0
∑a x
n =0
n
n

(A) converges absolutely for x = −2

(B) converges but not absolutely for x = −1
(C) converges but not absolutely for x = 1
(D) diverges for x = −2

⎧⎪ x ⎪⎫
Q.14 If Y = ⎨ x ∈ ⎬ , then the set of all limit points of Y is
⎩⎪1 + x ⎭⎪

(A) ( −1,1) (B) ( −1,1] (C) [0,1] (D) [ −1,1]

Q.15 If C is a smooth curve in 3

from (0, 0, 0) to (2,1, −1) , then the value of

∫ ( 2 xy + z ) dx + ( z + x ) dy + ( x + y ) dz
2
C

is

(A) −1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2

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Space for rough work

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Space for rough work

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Space for rough work

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Answer Table for Objective Questions

Write the Code of your chosen answer only in the ‘Answer’ column against each
Question Number. Do not write anything else on this page.

Question Answer Do not write

Number in this column
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15

FOR EVALUATION ONLY

Number of Correct Answers Marks (+)

Number of Incorrect Answers Marks (−)
Total Marks in Questions 1-15 ( )

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Q.16 (a) Examine whether the following series is convergent:
∞
∑
n!
.
n =1 1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 (2 n − 1) (6)

(b) For each x ∈ , let [ x ] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to x. Further,
1
for a fixed β ∈ (0,1), define an = [ nβ ] + n 2 β n for all n ∈ . Show that the
n
sequence {an } converges to β . (9)

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x2

Q.17 (a) Evaluate lim

∫0 4 + t 3 dt
.
x →0 x2 (6)

(b) For a, b ∈ with a < b, let f : [ a, b ] → be continuous on [ a, b ] and twice

differentiable on ( a, b ) . Further, assume that the graph of f intersects the straight
line segment joining the points ( a, f ( a ) ) and ( b, f ( b ) ) at a point ( c, f ( c ) ) for
a < c < b. Show that there exists a real number ξ ∈ ( a, b ) such that f ′′ (ξ ) = 0. (9)

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Q.18 (a) Show that the point (0,0) is neither a point of local minimum nor a point of local
maximum for the function f : 2 → given by f ( x, y ) = 3x 4 − 4 x 2 y + y 2 for
( x, y ) ∈ 2
. (6)

(b) Find all the critical points of the function f : 2

→ given by
f ( x, y ) = x + y − 3x − 12 y + 40 for ( x, y ) ∈ . Also, examine whether the function
3 3 2

f attains a local maximum or a local minimum at each of these critical points. (9)

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4 2

∫ ∫
3
Q.19 (a) Evaluate e y dy dx.
x =0y = 4− x (6)
3
(b) Using multiple integral, find the volume of the solid region in bounded above by
the hemisphere z = 1 + 1 − x − y and bounded below by the cone z = x 2 + y 2 .
2 2
(9)

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Q.20 Find the area of the portion of the surface z = x 2 − y 2 in 3

which lies inside the solid
cylinder x 2 + y 2 ≤ 1 . (15)

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d2y
Q.21 Let y ( x ) be the solution of the differential equation − y = 0 such that y ( 0 ) = 2
dx 2
and y′(0) = 2α . Find all values of α ∈ [ 0,1) such that the infimum of the set
{ y ( x) x∈ } is greater than or equal to 1. (15)

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Q.22 (a) Assume that y1 ( x ) = x and y2 ( x ) = x3 are two linearly independent solutions of the
d2y dy
homogeneous differential equation x 2 2
− 3x + 3 y = 0. Using the method of
dx dx
variation of parameters, find a particular solution of the differential
d2y dy
equation x 2 2 − 3x + 3 y = x5 .
dx dx (6)

dy 5 y 5 x 4
(b) Solve the differential equation + = subject to the condition y (1) = 1.
dx 6 x y 5 (9)

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Q.23 (a) Let r = xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ be the position vector field in 3
and let f : → be a
{ }
differentiable function. Show that ∇ × f ( r ) r = 0 for r ≠ 0 .
(6)

(b) Let W be the region inside the solid cylinder x 2 + y 2 ≤ 4 between the plane z = 0
and the paraboloid z = x 2 + y 2 . Let S be the boundary of W . Using Gauss’s
divergence theorem, evaluate ∫∫ F ⋅ nˆ dS , where
S

F = ( x + y − 4 ) iˆ + ( 3 xy ) ˆj + ( 2 xz + z ) kˆ
2 2 2

and n̂ is the outward unit normal vector to S. (9)

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Q.24 (a) Let G be a finite group whose order is not divisible by 3. Show that for every
g ∈ G , there exists an h ∈ G such that g = h3 . (6)

(b) Let A be the group of all rational numbers under addition, B be the group of all
non-zero rational numbers under multiplication and C the group of all positive
rational numbers under multiplication. Show that no two of the groups A, B and C
are isomorphic. (9)

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Q.25 (a) Let I be an ideal of a commutative ring R. Define
A = {r ∈ R | r n ∈ I for some n ∈ }.
Show that A is an ideal of R. (6)

(b) Let F be a field. For each p ( x ) ∈ F [ x ] (the polynomial ring in x over F ) define
ϕ : F [ x ] → F × F by ϕ ( p ( x ) ) = ( p ( 0 ) , p (1) ) .
(i) Prove that ϕ is a ring homomorphism.
(ii) Prove that the quotient ring F [ x ] ( x 2 − x ) is isomorphic to the ring F × F . (9)

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Q.26 (a) Let P, D and A be real square matrices of the same order such that P is invertible,
D is diagonal and D = PAP −1. If An = 0 for some n ∈ , then show that A = 0. (6)

(b) Let T : V → W be a linear transformation of vector spaces. Prove the following:

(i) If {v1 , v2 ,… , vk } spans V , and T is onto, then {Tv1 , Tv2 ,… , Tvk } spans W .
(ii) If {v1 , v2 ,… , vk } is linearly independent in V , and T is one-one, then
{Tv1 , Tv2 ,… , Tvk } is linearly independent in W .
(iii) If {v1 , v2 ,… , vk } is a basis of V , and T is bijective, then {Tv1 , Tv2 ,… , Tvk } is
a basis of W . (9)

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Q.27 (a) Let {v1 , v2 , v3 } be a basis of a vector space V over . Let T : V → V be the linear
transformation determined by
Tv1 = v1 , Tv2 = v2 − v3 and Tv3 = v2 + 2v3 .
Find the matrix of the transformation T with {v1 + v2 , v1 − v2 , v3 } as a basis of both
the domain and the co-domain of T . (6)

(b) Let W be a three dimensional vector space over and let S : W → W be a linear
transformation. Further, assume that every non-zero vector of W is an eigenvector of
S. Prove that there exists an α ∈ such that S = α I , where I : W → W is the
identity transformation. (9)

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Q.28 (a) Show that the function f: → , defined by f ( x ) = x 2 for x ∈ , is not

uniformly continuous. (6)

(b) For each n ∈ , let f n : → be a uniformly continuous function. If the sequence

{ fn}converges uniformly on to a function f : → , then show that f is
uniformly continuous. (9)

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Q.29 (a) Let A be a nonempty bounded subset of . Show that { x ∈ | x ≥ a for all a ∈ A}
is a closed subset of . (6)

1
(b) Let {xn } be a sequence in such that | xn +1 − xn | < for all n ∈ . Show that the
n2
sequence {xn } is convergent. (9)

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Space for rough work

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2012 - MA
Objective Part
(Question Number 1 – 15)
Total Marks Signature

Subjective Part

Question
Question Marks Marks
Number
Number
16 23
17 24
18 25
19 26
20 27
21 28
22 29

Total Marks in Subjective Part

Total (Objective Part) :

Total (Subjective Part) :
Grand Total :
Total Marks (in words) :

Signature of Examiner(s) :

Signature of Head Examiner(s) :

Signature of Scrutinizer :

Signature of Chief Scrutinizer :

Signature of Coordinating :
Head Examiner
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JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

JAM 2015: General Instructions during Examination

1. Total duration of the JAM 2015 examination is 180 minutes.
2. The clock will be set at the server. The countdown timer at the top right corner of screen will display the
remaining time available for you to complete the examination. When the timer reaches zero, the
examination will end by itself. You need not terminate the examination or submit your paper.
3. Any useful data required for your paper can be viewed by clicking on the Useful Data button that
appears on the screen.
4. Use the scribble pad provided to you for any rough work. Submit the scribble pad at the end of the
examination.
5. You are allowed to use only your own non-programmable calculator.
6. The Question Palette displayed on the right side of screen will show the status of each question using
one of the following symbols:

7. The Marked for Review status for a question simply indicates that you would like to look at that question
again. If a question is 'answered, but marked for review', then the answer will be considered for
evaluation unless the status is modified by the candidate.

Navigating to a Question :
8. To answer a question, do the following:
a. Click on the question number in the Question Palette to go to that question directly.
b. Select the answer for a multiple choice type question and for the multiple select type question. Use
the virtual numeric keypad to enter the answer for a numerical type question.
c. Click on Save & Next to save your answer for the current question and then go to the next question.
d. Click on Mark for Review & Next to save and to mark for review your answer for the current
question, and then go to the next question.

Caution: Note that your answer for the current question will not be saved, if you navigate to another
question directly by clicking on a question number without saving the answer to the previous question.
9. You can view all the questions by clicking on the Question Paper button. This feature is provided, so
that if you want you can just see the entire question paper at a glance.

Answering a Question :
10. Procedure for answering a multiple choice question (MCQ):
a. Choose the answer by selecting only one out of the 4 choices (A,B,C,D) given below the question
and click on the bubble placed before the selected choice.

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JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

b. To deselect your chosen answer, click on the bubble of the selected choice again or click on the
Clear Response button.
c. To change your chosen answer, click on the bubble of another choice.
d. To save your answer, you MUST click on the Save & Next button.
11. Procedure for answering a multiple select question (MSQ):
a. Choose the answer by selecting one or more than one out of the 4 choices (A,B,C,D) given below
the question and click on the checkbox(es) placed before each of the selected choice (s).
b. To deselect one or more of your selected choice(s), click on the checkbox(es) of the choice(s)
again. To deselect all the selected choices, click on the Clear Response button.
c. To change a particular selected choice, deselect this choice that you want to change and click on
the checkbox of another choice.
d. To save your answer, you MUST click on the Save & Next button.
12. Procedure for answering a numerical answer type (NAT) question:
a. To enter a number as your answer, use the virtual numerical keypad.
b. A fraction (e.g. -0.3 or -.3) can be entered as an answer with or without '0' before the decimal point.
As many as four decimal points, e.g. 12.5435 or 0.003 or -932.6711 or 12.82 can be entered.
c. To clear your answer, click on the Clear Response button.
d. To save your answer, you MUST click on the Save & Next button.
13. To mark a question for review, click on the Mark for Review & Next button. If an answer is selected
(for MCQ and MSQ types) or entered (for NAT) for a question that is Marked for Review, that answer
will be considered in the evaluation unless the status is modified by the candidate.
14. To change your answer to a question that has already been answered, first select that question and
then follow the procedure for answering that type of question as described above.
15. Note that ONLY those questions for which answers are saved or marked for review after answering
will be considered for evaluation.

Choosing a Section :
16. Sections in this question paper are displayed on the top bar of the screen. All sections are compulsory.
17. Questions in a section can be viewed by clicking on the name of that section. The section you are
currently viewing will be highlighted.
18. To select another section, simply click the name of the section on the top bar. You can shuffle between
different sections any number of times.
19. When you select a section, you will only be able to see questions in this Section, and you can answer
questions in the Section.
20. After clicking the Save & Next button for the last question in a section, you will automatically be taken
to the first question of the next section in sequence.
21. You can move the mouse cursor over the name of a section to view the answering status for that
section.

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JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

JAM 2015 Examination

MA: Mathematics
Duration: 180 minutes Maximum Marks: 100

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. To login, enter your Registration Number and Password provided to you. Kindly go through the
various coloured symbols used in the test and understand their meaning before you start the
examination.
2. Once you login and after the start of the examination, you can view all the questions in the question
paper, by clicking on the Question Paper button in the screen.
3. This test paper has a total of 60 questions carrying 100 marks. The entire question paper is divided
into three sections, A, B and C. All sections are compulsory. Questions in each section are of
different types.
4. Section – A contains Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ). Each MCQ type question has four choices
out of which only one choice is the correct answer. This section has 30 Questions and carry a total of
50 marks. Q.1 – Q.10 carry 1 mark each and Questions Q.11 – Q.30 carry 2 marks each.
5. Section – B contains Multiple Select Questions (MSQ). Each MSQ type question is similar to MCQ
but with a difference that there may be one or more than one choice(s) that are correct out of the four
given choices. The candidate gets full credit if he/she selects all the correct choices only and no
wrong choices. This section has 10 Questions and carry 2 marks each with a total of 20 marks.
6. Section – C contains Numerical Answer Type (NAT) questions. For these NAT type questions, the
answer is a real number which needs to be entered using the virtual numerical keypad on the monitor.
No choices will be shown for these type of questions. This section has 20 Questions and carry a total
of 30 marks. Q.1 – Q.10 carry 1 mark each and Questions Q.11 – Q.20 carry 2 marks each.
7. Depending upon the JAM test paper, there may be useful common data that may be required for
answering the questions. If the paper has such useful data, the same can be viewed by clicking on the
Useful Data button that appears at the top, right hand side of the screen.
8. The computer allotted to you at the examination centre runs specialized software that permits only
one choice to be selected as answer for multiple choice questions using a mouse, one or more than
one choices to be selected as answer for multiple select questions using a mouse and to enter a
suitable number for the numerical answer type questions using the virtual numeric keypad and
mouse.
9. Your answers shall be updated and saved on a server periodically and also at the end of the
examination. The examination will stop automatically at the end of 180 minutes.
10. Multiple choice questions (Section-A) will have four choices against A, B, C, D, out of which only ONE
choice is the correct answer. The candidate has to choose the correct answer by clicking on the
bubble (⃝) placed before the choice.
11. Multiple select questions (Section-B) will also have four choices against A, B, C, D, out of which ONE
OR MORE THAN ONE choice(s) is /are the correct answer. The candidate has to choose the correct
answer by clicking on the checkbox (□) placed before the choices for each of the selected choice(s).
12. For numerical answer type questions (Section-C), each question will have a numerical answer and
there will not be any choices. For these questions, the answer should be entered by using the
mouse and the virtual numerical keypad that appears on the monitor.
13. In all questions, questions not attempted will result in zero mark. In Section – A (MCQ), wrong
answer will result in NEGATIVE marks. For all 1 mark questions, 1/3 marks will be deducted for each
wrong answer. For all 2 marks questions, 2/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer. In
Section – B (MSQ), there is NO NEGATIVE and NO PARTIAL marking provisions. There is NO
NEGATIVE marking in Section – C (NAT) as well.

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14. Non-programmable calculators are allowed but sharing of calculators is not allowed.
15. Mobile phones, electronic gadgets other than calculators, charts, graph sheets, and mathematical
tables are NOT allowed in the examination hall.
16. You can use the scribble pad provided to you at the examination centre for all your rough work. The
scribble pad has to be returned at the end of the examination.

Declaration by the candidate:

“I have read and understood all the above instructions. I have also read and understood clearly the
instructions given on the admit card and shall follow the same. I also understand that in case I am
found to violate any of these instructions, my candidature is liable to be cancelled. I also confirm that
at the start of the examination all the computer hardware allotted to me are in proper working
condition”.

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Notation

- The set of natural numbers = 1,2,3, …

- The set of integers
ℚ - The set of rational numbers
- The set of real numbers
- The set of complex numbers
- The group of permutations of distinct symbols
- The group of integers modulo
- The vector space of real matrices
̂, ̂, - Standard mutually orthogonal unit vectors
- Imaginary number √ 1
- Complex conjugate of
̅ - Complex conjugate of matrix
- Transpose of matrix
∅ - Empty set
sup - supremum
inf - infimum
′ - Derivative of

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SECTION – A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)
Q. 1 – Q.10 carry one mark each.

Q.1 Suppose is a normal subgroup of a group . Which one of the following is true?
(A) If is an infinite group then /N is an infinite group
(B) If is a nonabelian group then / is a nonabelian group
(C) If is a cyclic group then / is an abelian group
(D) If is an abelian group then / is a cyclic group

Q.2 Let sin cos be a solution of the differential equation sec .

Then is
(A) ln |cos | (B)
(C) (D) ln |sec |

Q.3 Let , , , be distinct non-zero real numbers with . Then an eigenvalue of the
1
matrix 1 is
1 1 0
(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.4 Let be a nonempty subset of . If is a finite union of disjoint bounded intervals, then which one
of the following is true?
(A) If is not compact, then sup ∉ and inf ∉
(B) Even if sup ∈ and inf ∈ , need not be compact
(C) If sup ∈ and inf ∈ , then is compact
(D) Even if is compact, it is not necessary that sup ∈ and inf ∈

Q.5 Let be a convergent sequence of real numbers. If √2 and

for 1, then which one of the following is the limit of this sequence?
(A) 1 (B) √2 (C) (D) √

Q.6 The volume of the portion of the solid cylinder 2 bounded above by the surface
and bounded below by the -plane is
(A) (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

MA 6/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.7 Let : → be a differentiable function with 0 0. If for all ∈ , 1 2, then

which one of the following statements is true on 0, ∞ ?
(A) is unbounded (B) is increasing and bounded
(C) has at least one zero (D) is periodic

Q.8 If an integral curve of the differential equation 1 passes through 0, 0 and ,1 ,

then is equal to
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) (D) 1

Q.9 An integrating factor of the differential equation

2
2
is

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.10 Let be a nonempty subset of . Let denote the set of interior points of . Then can be
(A) empty
(B) singleton
(C) a finite set containing more than one element
(D) countable but not finite

Q. 11 – Q. 30 carry two marks each.

Q.11 Let be the group of permutations of three distinct symbols. The direct sum ⊕ has an
element of order
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 18

Q.12 The orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves are

(A) 2 3 (B) 3
(C) 3 2 (D) 3

Q.13 Let be a nonabelian group. Let ∈ have order 4 and let ∈ have order 3. Then the order of
the element in
(A) is 6 (B) is 12
(C) is of the form 12 for 2 (D) need not be finite

MA 7/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.14 Let be the bounded surface of the cylinder 1 cut by the planes 0 and 1 .
Then the value of the surface integral ∬ 3 is equal to

(A) 1 cos (B) sin cos 1 cos

(C) 1 2 cos (D) sin cos 1 2 cos

Q.15 Suppose that the dependent variables and are functions of the independent variables and
, defined by the equations , , , 0 and , , , 0, where 1.
Which one of the following is correct?
(A) (B)
(C) (D)

Q.16
0 1
Let and . Then
1
(A) an eigenvalue of is purely imaginary
(B) an eigenvalue of is zero
(C) all eigenvalues of are real
(D) has a non-zero real eigenvalue

Q.17 The limit

1
lim sin
→ sin
is equal to

(A) 0 (B) (C) (D)

Q.18 Let be the vector space of polynomials in of degree at most 2 with real coefficients. Let
be the vector space of 2 2 real matrices. If a linear transformation : →
is defined as

0 2 0
0 1
then
(A) is one-one but not onto
(B) is onto but not one-one
0 0 2 0
(C) Range ( = span ,
0 1 0 1
(D) Null ( = span 2 , 1

MA 8/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.19
Let 1, 2 , 2, 1 and 1, 0 , 0, 1 be ordered bases of . If ∶ → is
4 3
a linear transformation such that , , the matrix of with respect to and , is ,
2 4
then 5, 5 is equal to

(A) 9, 8 (B) 9, 8 (C) 15, 2 (D) 15, 2

Q.20
Let ⋂ 0, ∪ , 1 . Which one of the following statements is FALSE?

(A) There exist sequences and in 0,1 such that 0, 1 \ ⋃ ,

(B) 0, 1 \ is an open set
(C) If is an infinite subset of , then has a limit point
(D) There exists an infinite subset of having no limit points

Q.21 Let : → be a strictly increasing continuous function. If is a sequence in 0, 1 , then the

sequence is
(A) increasing (B) bounded
(C) convergent (D) not necessarily bounded

Q.22
!
Which one of the following statements is true for the series ∑ 1 ?

(A) The series converges conditionally but not absolutely

(B) The series converges absolutely
(C) The sequence of partial sums of the series is bounded but not convergent
(D) The sequence of partial sums of the series is unbounded

Q.23
The sequence cos tan is

(A) monotone and convergent

(B) monotone but not convergent
(C) convergent but not monotone
(D) neither monotone nor convergent

Q.24
If is a solution of the differential equation 4 2 , then

lim
→
is equal to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

MA 9/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.25
For what real values of and y, does the integral 6 attain its maximum?

(A) 3, 2 (B) 2, 3
(C) 2, 2 (D) 3, 4

Q.26 The area of the planar region bounded by the curves 6 2 and 2 is
√ √ √ (D) √2
(A) (B) (C)

Q.27
For 2, let : → be given by sin . Then at 0, has a

(A) local maximum if is even

(B) local maximum if is odd

(C) local minimum if is even

(D) local minimum if is odd

Q.28
sin , 0
For , ∈ , define ,
0 0
Then at 0, , is

(A) differentiable for each pair , with

(B) differentiable for each pair , with

(C) not differentiable for each pair , with

(D) not differentiable for each pair , with

Q.29
Let and be nonempty subsets of , where is connected and ∪ is not connected.
Which one of the following statements is true for all such and ?

(A) If ∩ = ∅, then is connected

(B) If ∩ = ∅, then is not connected

(C) If ∩ ∅, then is connected

(D) If ∩ ∅, then is not connected

MA 10/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.30
Let ∶ , ∈ ∶ 0, 0 → be given by

1
, tan

Then the value of

, ,
,
,

(A) changes with but not with

(B) changes with but not with

(C) changes with and also with

(D) neither changes with nor with

SECTION - B
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTIONS (MSQ)
Q. 1 – Q. 10 carry two marks each.

Q.1
Let : → be a function defined by 1 .
In which of the following interval(s), takes the value 1?
(A) 6, 0 (B) 2, 4 (C) 2, 8 (D) 6, 12

Q.2
Which of the following statements is (are) true?
(A) ⊕ is isomorphic to

(B) ⊕ is isomorphic to

(C) ⊕ is isomorphic to

(D) ⊕ ⊕ is isomorphic to

MA 11/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.3
Which of the following conditions implies (imply) the convergence of a sequence of real
numbers?
(A) Given 0 there exists an ∈ such that for all ,| |

(B) Given 0 there exists an ∈ such that for all , | |

(C) Given 0 there exists an ∈ such that for all , 1 | |

(D) Given 0 there exists an ∈ such that for all , with ,| |

Q.4
Let be a vector field given by , , ̂ 2 ̂ , for , , ∈ . If is
the curve of intersection of the surfaces 1 and 2, then which of the following
is (are) equal to . ?

(A) 1 2 sin (B) sin

(C) 1 2 sin (D) 1 sin

Q.5
Let be the set of 2 2 matrices with complex entries such that 0. Let
be the set of matrices in with 0. Then, under usual matrix addition and scalar
multiplication, which of the following is (are) true?
(A) is a vector space over
(B) is a vector space over
(C) is a vector space over
(D) is a vector space over

Q.6
The initial value problem
, 0 , 0

has
(A) at least two solutions if 0

(B) no solution if 0

(C) at least one solution if 0

(D) a unique solution if 0

MA 12/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.7 Which of the following statements is (are) true on the interval 0, ?

(A) cos cos sin (B) tan

(C) √1 1 (D) ln 2

Q.8 Let : ⟶ be defined by

, , 0, 0
,
0, , 0,0

At 0, 0 ,

(A) is not continuous

(B) is continuous, and both and exist

(C) is differentiable

(D) and exist but is not differentiable

Q.9
Let , ∶ 0, 1 → 0, 1 be functions. Let and be the ranges of and , respectively.
Which of the following statements is (are) true?

(A) If for all ∈ 0, 1 , then sup inf

(B) If for some ∈ 0, 1 , then inf sup

(C) If for some , ∈ 0, 1 , then inf sup

(D) If for all , ∈ 0, 1 , then sup inf

Q.10
Let : 1, 1 ⟶ be the function defined by

Then

(A) is decreasing in 1, 0 (B) is increasing in 0, 1

(C) 1 has two solutions in 1, 1 (D) 1 has no solutions in 1 ,1

MA 13/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

SECTION – C
NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE (NAT)
Q. 1 – Q. 10 carry one mark each.
Q.1
Let be the straight line segment from 0, to 4, , in the -plane. Then the value of
cos sin is ______________

Q.2
Let be the portion of the surface √16 bounded by the planes 0, 2, 0,
and 3. The surface area of , correct upto three decimal places, is ______________

Q.3
The number of distinct normal subgroups of is ______________

Q.4
Let : ⟶ be defined by
1 , 0
,
0, 0

If the directional derivative of at 0, 0 exists along the direction cos ̂ sin ,̂ where
sin 0, then the value of cot is ______________

Q.5
Let : ⟶ be defined by
, , sin 2

The maximum rate of change of at , 0, 1 , correct upto three decimal places, is

______________

Q.6
If the power series
!

converges for | | and diverges for | | , then the value of , correct upto three decimal
places, is ______________

Q.7
If 5 ≡ ( mod 11) and ∈ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 , then is equal to _________

MA 14/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.8
0 1 1 1
If the set , , is linearly dependent in the vector space of all
1 0 1 0
2 2 matrices with real entries, then is equal to ______________

Q.9
Let : ⟶ be defined by
1, ∈ℚ
1 , ∉ ℚ

The number of points at which is continuous, is ______________

Q.10
Let : 0, 1 → be a continuously differentiable function such that ′ has finitely many zeros in
0, 1 and ′ changes sign at exactly two of these points. Then for any ∈ , the maximum
number of solutions to in 0, 1 is ______________

Q. 11 – Q. 20 carry two marks each.

Q.11 Let be the planar region bounded by the lines 0, 0 and the curve 4, in the
first quadrant. Let be the boundary of , oriented counter-clockwise. Then the value of

1
is ______________

Q.12 Suppose is a cyclic group and , ∈ are such that order( ) = 12 and order( ) = 21. Then the
order of the smallest group containing and is ______________

Q.13 The limit

1
lim
→

is equal to ______________

Q.14 Let be the vector space of 2 2 real matrices. Let be a subspace of defined by

0 2 0 2
∈ ∶
3 1 3 1

Then the dimension of is ______________

MA 15/16
JAM 2015 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.15
Let : → be defined by
, 0
, sin
1, 0
Then the integral
1
,

correct upto three decimal places, is ______________

Q.16
The coefficient of in the Taylor series expansion of the function

3 sin cos , ∈
4

about the point , correct upto three decimal places, is ______________

Q.17
If cos has the power series expansion ∑ , then , correct upto three
decimal places, is equal to ______________

Q.18
Let ℓ be the length of the portion of the curve between the lines 1 and 3,
where satisfies
1
, 1 0

The value of ℓ, correct upto three decimal places, is ______________

Q.19 The limit

9 1 1
lim
→ tan
is equal to ______________

Q.20 Let and be two real matrices of size 4 6 and 5 4, respectively. If rank 4 and
rank 2, then rank is equal to ______________

END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

MA 16/16
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Notation

The set of all natural numbers 1,2,3, …

The set of all integers

ℚ The set of all rational numbers

The set of all real numbers

The group of permutations of distinct symbols

0, 1, 2, … , 1 with addition and multiplication modulo

empty set

Transpose of

√ 1

, ̂, unit vectors having the directions of the positive , and axes of a three dimensional rectangular

coordinate system

̂ ̂

Identity matrix of order

ln logarithm with base

MA 2/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

SECTION – A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)
Q. 1 – Q.10 carry one mark each.
Q.1 The sequence of real numbers given by

sin sin sin

2 2 ⋯ 2
1⋅2 2⋅3 ⋅ 1
is
(A) a divergent sequence
(B) an oscillatory sequence
(C) not a Cauchy sequence
(D) a Cauchy sequence

Q.2 Let be the vector space (over of all polynomials of degree 3 with real coefficients. Consider
the linear transformation : → defined by

Then the matrix representation of with respect to the ordered basis 1, , , satisfies
(A) 0 (B) 0
(C) 0 (D) 0

Q.3 Let : 1, 1 → be a continuous function. Then the integral

sin

is equivalent to
(A) (B)

sin cos
2 2

(C) (D)

cos sin

Q.4 Let be an element of the permutation group . Then the maximum possible order of is
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 10 (D) 15

Q.5 Let be a strictly monotonic continuous real valued function defined on , such that
and . Then which one of the following is TRUE?
(A) There exists exactly one ∈ , such that
(B) There exist exactly two points , ∈ , such that , 1,2
(C) There exists no ∈ , such that
(D) There exist infinitely many points ∈ , such that

MA 3/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.6
The value of lim is
, → ,

(A) 0 (B) (C) (D)

Q.7 Let ̂ ̂ and | |. If ln and , 0, satisfy

2 0, then is

(A) (B) (C) 2 (D)

Q.8 The nonzero value of for which the differential equation

3 3 0, 0,

becomes exact is
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 3

Q.9 One of the points which lies on the solution curve of the differential equation

0,

with the given condition 0 1, is

(A) 1, 2 (B) 2, 1 (C) 2, 1 (D) 1, 2

Q.10 Let be a closed subset of , a compact subset of such that ∩ . Then ∩ is

(A) closed but not compact
(B) not closed
(C) compact
(D) neither closed nor compact

Q. 11 – Q. 30 carry two marks each.

Q.11 Let be the series

1
2 1 2
and be the series
3 4
3 2

of real numbers. Then which one of the following is TRUE?

(A) Both the series and are convergent
(B) is convergent and is divergent
(C) is divergent and is convergent
(D) Both the series and are divergent

MA 4/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.12 Let be a sequence of positive real numbers satisfying

4 3
, 1, 1.
81

Then all the terms of the sequence lie in

(A) , (B) 0, 1 (C) 1, 2 (D) 1, 3

Q.13 1 4 16
The largest eigenvalue of the matrix 4 16 1 is
16 1 4

(A) 16 (B) 21

(C) 48 (D) 64

Q.14 The value of the integral

2 !
1 , ∈
2 !
is

(A) (B)
! !

! !
(C) (D)

Q.15 If the triple integral over the region bounded by the planes

2 4, 0, 0, 0

is given by

then the function , is

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.16 The surface area of the portion of the plane 2 2 within the cylinder 3 is
√ √ √ √
(A) (B) (C) (D)

MA 5/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.17 Let : → be defined by

if 0
, .
0 if 0

Then the value of at the point 0, 0 is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 4

Q.18 The function , 3 4 3 12 1 has a saddle point at

(A) 0, 0 (B) 0, 2 (C) 1, 1 (D) 2, 1

Q.19 Consider the vector field ̂ ̂ , where ∈ , ̂ ̂ and | |. If the

absolute value of the line integral ∮ ⋅ along the closed curve : (oriented
counter clockwise) is 2 , then is
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 1 (D) 2

Q.20 Let be the surface of the cone bounded by the planes 0 and 3. Further,
let be the closed curve forming the boundary of the surface . A vector field is such that
̂ .̂ The absolute value of the line integral ∮ ⋅ , where
̂ ̂ and | |, is
(A) 0 (B) 9 (C) 15 (D) 18

Q.21 Let be the solution of the differential equation

; 1 0, 0.

Then 2 is

(A) ln 2 (B) ln 2

(C) ln 2 (D) ln 2

Q.22 The general solution of the differential equation with constant coefficients

approaches zero as → ∞, if
(A) is negative and is positive
(B) is positive and is negative
(C) both and are positive
(D) both and are negative

MA 6/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.23 Let ⊂ and denote the set of points in such that every neighbourhood of contains
some points of as well as some points of complement of S. Further, let denote the closure
of . Then which one of the following is FALSE?
(A) ℚ
(B) ∖ ∂ , ⊂
(C) ∪ ∪ , , ⊂ , ∩
(D) ∩ ∖ , ⊂

Q.24 The sum of the series

1
2
is

(A) ln 2 (B) ln 2 (C) ln 2 (D) ln 2

Q.25 Let for all ∈ 1, 1 . Then which one of the following is TRUE?
| | | |

(A) Maximum value of is

(B) Minimum value of is
(C) Maximum of occurs at
(D) Minimum of occurs at 1

Q.26 cos sin

The matrix is a unitary matrix when is
sin cos
(A) 2 1 , ∈ (B) 3 1 , ∈

(C) 4 1 , ∈ (D) 5 1 , ∈

Q.27 0 1 2
Let 1 0 , ∈ ∖ 0 and a non-zero vector such that for some
2 0
∈ . Then the value of is
(A) (B) (C) 0 (D) 1

Q.28 The number of group homomorphisms from the cyclic group to the cyclic group is
(A) 7 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1

Q.29 In the permutation group 5 , if is the smallest subgroup containing all the 3-cycles, then
which one of the following is TRUE?
(A) Order of is 2
(B) Index of in is 2
(C) is abelian
(D)

MA 7/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.30 Let : → be defined as

1 sin ln if 0.
0 if 0

Then, at 0, the function is

(A) continuous and differentiable when 0
(B) continuous and differentiable when 0
(C) continuous and differentiable when 1 0
(D) continuous and differentiable when 1

SECTION - B
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTIONS (MSQ)
Q. 31 – Q. 40 carry two marks each.

Q.31 Let be a sequence of positive real numbers satisfying

3
2 , 1.
4

If and are the roots of the equation 2 0 and , then which of the
following statement(s) is(are) TRUE ?
(A) is monotonically decreasing
(B) is monotonically increasing
(C) lim →
(D) lim →

Q.32 The value(s) of the integral

| | cos , 1

is (are)
(A) 0 when is even
(B) 0 when is odd
(C) when is even
(D) when is odd

MA 8/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.33 Let : → be defined by

if 0
| |
, .
0 elsewhere

Then at the point 0, 0 , which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE ?

(A) is not continuous
(B) is continuous
(C) is differentiable
(D) Both first order partial derivatives of exist

Q.34 Consider the vector field ̂ ̂ on an open connected set ⊂ . Then which of the
following statement(s) is(are) TRUE ?

(A) Divergence of is zero on

(B) The line integral of is independent of path in
(C) can be expressed as a gradient of a scalar function on
(D) The line integral of is zero around any piecewise smooth closed path in

Q.35 Consider the differential equation

sin 2 2 2 cos , 1 √2.
4
Then which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE?
(A) The solution is unbounded when → 0
(B) The solution is unbounded when →
(C) The solution is bounded when → 0
(D) The solution is bounded when →

Q.36 Which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE?

(A) There exists a connected set in which is not compact
(B) Arbitrary union of closed intervals in need not be compact
(C) Arbitrary union of closed intervals in is always closed
(D) Every bounded infinite subset of has a limit point in itself

Q.37 Let 1 for all ∈ . Then which of the following statement(s) is(are)
TRUE?
(A) The equation 0 has exactly one solution in
(B) is strictly increasing for all ∈
(C) The equation 0 has exactly two solutions in
(D) is strictly decreasing for all ∈

MA 9/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.38 Let be a finite group and denotes its order. Then which of the following statement(s) is(are)
TRUE?
(A) is abelian if where and are distinct primes
(B) is abelian if every non identity element of is of order 2
(C) is abelian if the quotient group is cyclic, where is the center of
(D) is abelian if , where is prime

Q.39
Consider the set ∈ , , , ∈ . For which of the

following choice(s) the set becomes a two dimensional subspace of over ?

(A) 0, 1, 0
(B) 0, 1, 1
(C) 1, 0, 0
(D) 1, 1, 0

Q.40 Let , ∈ . Then which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE?

(A) is closed
(B) is not open
(C) is connected
(D) 0 is a limit point of

SECTION – C
NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE (NAT)
Q. 41 – Q. 50 carry one mark each.

Q.41 Let be a sequence of real numbers given by

1
2 1 sin , ∈ .
2

Then the least upper bound of the sequence is ____________

Q.42 Let be a sequence of real numbers, where

/
, 1, 0.
Then
/
lim …
→
is ____________

MA 10/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.43
Let ∈ be a non-zero vector and . Then the dimension of the vector space

∈ over is ____________

Q.44 Let be a real valued function defined by

, 2 ln , 0, 0.

Then the value of at any point , , where 0, 0, is ____________

Q.45 Let √ ̂ be a vector field for all , with 0 and ̂. Then the
value of the line integral ⋅ from 0, 0 to 1, 1 along the path
: , , 0 1 is ____________

Q.46 If : 1, ∞ → defined by is expressed as

2 1 2
2 ,
3 9 1

where lies between 2 and , then the value of is ____________

Q.47 Let , and be linearly independent solutions of the differential equation

6 11 6 0.

If the Wronskian , , is of the form for some constant , then the value of
is____________

Q.48 The radius of convergence of the power series

4
2 is ______________
1

MA 11/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.49 Let : 0, ∞ → be a continuous function such that

2 4 sin 2 2 cos 2 .
2

Then the value of is ____________

Q.50 Let be a cyclic group of order 12. Then the number of non-isomorphic subgroups of
is ____________

Q. 51 – Q. 60 carry two marks each.

Q.51
1
The value of lim 8 is equal to ____________
→

Q.52 Let be the region enclosed by 4 1 and 1. Then the value of

| | is ____________

Q.53 Let

1 1
1 1 , 1, , , ∈ and ∈ .
1 1

Then has infinitely many solutions if is ____________

Q.54 Let be the boundary of the region enclosed by , 2, and 0. Then the value
of the line integral

,
where is traversed in the counter clockwise direction, is ____________

MA 12/13
JAM 2016 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.55 Let S be the closed surface forming the boundary of the region V bounded by 3,
0, 6. A vector field is defined over V with ⋅ 2 1. Then the value of

1
⋅ ,

where is the unit outward drawn normal to the surface , is ______________,

Q.56 Let be the solution of the differential equation

5 6 0, 0 1, 1.

Then attains its maximum value at ____________

Q.57 The value of the double integral

sin

is ____________

Q.58 Let denote the group of all 2 2 invertible matrices over under usual matrix multiplication.
2 3
Then the order of the matrix in is ____________
1 2

Q.59 1 2
1 2 0
Let , 1 0, the null space of and the range space of .
1 5 2
3 1
Then the dimension of ∩ over is ____________

Q.60 The maximum value of , 2 subject to the constraint

1 0 is ____________

END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

MA 13/13
 JAM 2016: Mathematics JAM 2016: Mathematics JAM 2016: Mathematics
Qn. No. Qn. Type Key(s) Mark(s) Qn. No. Qn. Type Key(s) Mark(s) Qn. No. Qn. Type Key(s) Mark(s)
1 MCQ D 1 31 MSQ A;C 2 41 NAT 0.5:0.5 1
2 MCQ B 1 32 MSQ A;D 2 42 NAT 1.0:1.0 1
3 MCQ A 1 33 MSQ B;D 2 43 NAT 2.0:2.0 1
4 MCQ B 1 34 MSQ B;C;D 2 44 NAT 8.0:8.0 1
5 MCQ A 1 35 MSQ C;D 2 45 NAT 1.49:1.55 1
6 MCQ B 1 36 MSQ A;B 2 46 NAT ‐1:‐1 1
7 MCQ C 1 37 MSQ A;D 2 47 NAT 6.0:6.0 1
8 MCQ D 1 38 MSQ B;C 2 48 NAT 0.5:0.5 1
9 MCQ C 1 39 MSQ A;C;D 2 49 NAT 0.25:0.25 1
10 MCQ C 1 40 MSQ B;D 2 50 NAT 6.0:6.0 1
11 MCQ B 2 51 NAT 1.0:1.0 2
12 MCQ D 2 52 NAT 0.35:0.4 2
13 MCQ B 2 53 NAT 3.0:3.0 2
14 MCQ C 2 54 NAT 0.8:1.9 2
15 MCQ D 2 55 NAT 72.0:72.0 2
16 MCQ A 2 56 NAT ‐0.3:‐0.25 2
17 MCQ B 2 57 NAT 2.0:2.0 2
18 MCQ D 2 58 NAT 3.0:3.0 2
19 MCQ A 2 59 NAT 1.0:1.0 2
20 MCQ MTA 2 60 NAT 2.0:2.0 2
21 MCQ B 2
22 MCQ C 2
23 MCQ C 2
24 MCQ C 2
25 MCQ A 2
26 MCQ A 2
27 MCQ C 2
28 MCQ D 2
29 MCQ B 2
30 MCQ MTA 2
 JAM 2017 ANSWER KEY
Model Answer Key for MA Paper
Paper: MATHEMATICS Code:MA

SECTION – A (MCQ) SECTION – B (MSQ) SECTION – C (NAT Type)

Q. No. KEY Q. No. KEY Q. No. KEYS Q. No. KEY RANGE Q. No. KEY RANGE
01 D 16 A 31 A, C 41 1.9 – 2.1 56 2.9 – 3.1
02 A 17 A 32 A, B, D 42 5.9 – 6.1 57 0.9 – 1.1
03 B 18 D 33 A, D 43 -0.01 – +0.01 58 5.9 – 6.1
04 C 19 D 34 A, B, D 44 9.9 – 10.1 59 0.9 – 1.1
05 B 20 C 35 A, C 45 1259.9 – 1260.1 60 1.34 – 1.36
06 D 21 D 36 A, C 46 1.9 – 2.1
07 B 22 B 37 B, D 47 0.49 – 0.51
08 A 23 B 38 B, C 48 2.9 – 3.1
09 A 24 D 39 B, C, D 49 54.9 – 55.1
10 D 25 C 40 C, D 50 7.9 – 8.1
11 B 26 A 51 2.9 – 3.1
12 A 27 C 52 2.0 – 2.2
13 C 28 C 53 0.9 – 1.1
14 D 29 C 54 29.9 – 30.1
15 C 30 B 55 0.9 – 1.1
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Paper Specific Instructions

1. The examination is of 3 hours duration. There are a total of 60 questions carrying 100 marks. The entire
paper is divided into three sections, A, B and C. All sections are compulsory. Questions in each section are
of different types.

2. Section – A contains a total of 30 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ). Each MCQ type question has four
choices out of which only one choice is the correct answer. Questions Q.1 – Q.30 belong to this section
and carry a total of 50 marks. Q.1 – Q.10 carry 1 mark each and Questions Q.11 – Q.30 carry 2 marks
each.

3. Section – B contains a total of 10 Multiple Select Questions (MSQ). Each MSQ type question is similar
to MCQ but with a difference that there may be one or more than one choice(s) that are correct out of the
four given choices. The candidate gets full credit if he/she selects all the correct answers only and no
wrong answers. Questions Q.31 – Q.40 belong to this section and carry 2 marks each with a total of 20
marks.

4. Section – C contains a total of 20 Numerical Answer Type (NAT) questions. For these NAT type
questions, the answer is a real number which needs to be entered using the virtual keyboard on the monitor.
No choices will be shown for these type of questions. Questions Q.41 – Q.60 belong to this section and
carry a total of 30 marks. Q.41 – Q.50 carry 1 mark each and Questions Q.51 – Q.60 carry 2 marks each.

5. In all sections, questions not attempted will result in zero mark. In Section – A (MCQ), wrong answer will
result in NEGATIVE marks. For all 1 mark questions, 1/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer.
For all 2 marks questions, 2/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer. In Section – B (MSQ), there
is NO NEGATIVE and NO PARTIAL marking provisions. There is NO NEGATIVE marking in
Section – C (NAT) as well.

6. Only Virtual Scientific Calculator is allowed. Charts, graph sheets, tables, cellular phone or other
electronic gadgets are NOT allowed in the examination hall.

7. The Scribble Pad will be provided for rough work.

Useful information

ℕ set of all natural numbers {1, 2, 3, … }

ℤ set of all integers {0, ±1, ±2, … }
ℚ set of all rational numbers
ℝ set of all real numbers
ℂ set of all complex numbers
ℝ -dimensional Euclidean space {( , , … , ) | ∈ ℝ, 1 ≤ ≤ }
group of all permutations of distinct symbols
ℤ group of congruence classes of integers modulo
̂, ̂, unit vectors having the directions of the positive , and axes of a three
dimensional rectangular coordinate system
∇ ̂ + ̂ +
× (ℝ) real vector space of all matrices of order × with entries in ℝ
sup supremum
inf infimum

MA 1/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

SECTION – A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)
Q. 1 – Q.10 carry one mark each.
Q.1 Which one of the following is TRUE?

(A) ℤ is cyclic if and only if is prime

(B) Every proper subgroup of ℤ is cyclic
(C) Every proper subgroup of is cyclic
(D) If every proper subgroup of a group is cyclic, then the group is cyclic

Q.2 Let = , where =1, = 1 and = + , ∈ ℕ. Then lim is

→

√ √ √ √
(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.3 If { , , } is a linearly independent set of vectors in a vector space over ℝ, then which one of
the following sets is also linearly independent?

(A) { + − , 2 + +3 , 5 +4 }
(B) { − , − , − }
(C) { + − , + − , + − , + + }
(D) { + , +2 , +3 }

Q.4 Let be a positive real number. If is a continuous and even function defined on the interval
( )
[− , , then is equal to

( )
(A) ( ) (B) 2

( )
(C) 2 ( ) (D) 2

Q.5 The tangent plane to the surface = +3 at (1, 1, 2) is given by

(A) −3 + =0 (B) +3 −2 =0
(C) 2 + 4 − 3 = 0 (D) 3 − 7 + 2 = 0

MA 2/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.6 In ℝ , the cosine of the acute angle between the surfaces + + − 9 = 0 and
− − + 3 = 0 at the point (2, 1, 2) is

(A) (B) (C) (D)

√ √ √ √

Q.7 Let : ℝ → ℝ be a scalar field, : ℝ → ℝ be a vector field and let ∈ ℝ be a constant vector.
If represents the position vector ̂+ ̂+ , then which one of the following is FALSE?

(A) ( )= ( )× + ( )

(B) ( ( )) = + +

(C) ( × )=2| |

(D) = 0 , for ≠0
| |

/ / /
Q.8 In ℝ , the family of trajectories orthogonal to the family of asteroids + = is
given by

/ / / / / /
(A) + = (B) − =
/ / / / / /
(C) − = (D) − =

Q.9 Consider the vector space over ℝ of polynomial functions of degree less than or equal to 3
defined on ℝ. Let ∶ → be defined by ( )( ) = ( ) − ′( ). Then the rank of is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

Q.10 Let = 1+ + + ⋯+ for ∈ ℕ. Then which one of the following is TRUE for the
! ! !

sequence { }

(A) { } converges in ℚ
(B) { } is a Cauchy sequence but does not converge in ℚ
(C) the subsequence { } is convergent in ℝ, only when is even natural number
(D) { } is not a Cauchy sequence

MA 3/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q. 11 – Q. 30 carry two marks each.

Q.11 ( )
2+ ,
Let = , ∈ ℕ.
1+ ,

Then which one of the following is TRUE?

(A) sup { | ∈ ℕ} = 3 and inf { | ∈ ℕ} = 1

(B) lim inf ( ) = lim sup ( ) =

(C) sup { | ∈ ℕ} = 2 and inf { | ∈ ℕ} = 1

(D) lim inf ( ) = 1 and lim sup ( )=3

Q.12 Let , , ∈ ℝ . Which of the following values of , , do NOT result in the convergence of the
series

?
(log )

(A) | | < 1, ∈ ℝ, ∈ ℝ (B) = 1, > 1, ∈ℝ

(C) = 1, ≥ 0, < 1 (D) = −1, ≥ 0, > 0

Q.13 Let = + , ∈ ℕ. Then the sum of the series ∑ (−1) is

!

(A) −1 (B) (C) 1 − (D) 1 +

Q.14 Let ( )
= and let = ∑ , where ∈ ℕ ∪ {0}. Then which one of the
√

following is TRUE?

(A) Both ∑ and ∑ are convergent

(B) ∑ is convergent but ∑ is not convergent
(C) ∑ is convergent but ∑ is not convergent
(D) Neither ∑ nor ∑ is convergent

MA 4/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.15 Suppose that , ∶ ℝ → ℝ are differentiable functions such that is strictly increasing and is
strictly decreasing. Define ( ) = ( ( )) and ( )= ( ) , ∀ ∈ ℝ. Then, for > 0, the

sign of ′( ) ( ( ) − 3) is

(A) positive (B) negative (C) dependent on (D) dependent on and

Q.16 sin , ≠0
For ∈ ℝ, let ( )= . Then which one of the following is FALSE?
0, =0

( )
(A) lim =0
→
( )
(B) lim =0
→
( )
(C) has infinitely many maxima and minima on the interval (0,1)
( )
(D) is continuous at = 0 but not differentiable at =0

Q.17 , ( , ) ≠ (0,0)
Let ( , ) = ( )
0, ( , ) = (0,0)
Then which one of the following is TRUE for at the point (0,0)?

(A) For = 1, is continuous but not differentiable

(B) For = , is continuous and differentiable

(C) For = , is continuous and differentiable

(D) For = , is neither continuous nor differentiable

Q.18 Let , ∈ ℝ and let : ℝ → ℝ be a thrice differentiable function. If = ( ), where

= + and = − , then which one of the following is TRUE?

(A) − =4 ( ) (B) − = −4 ( )
(C) + = (D) + =−

Q.19 Consider the region in the plane bounded by the line = and the curve + = 1, where

≥ 0. If the region is revolved about the -axis in ℝ , then the volume of the resulting solid is

(A) (B) √ (D) √3

√ √ (C)

MA 5/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.20 If ( , ) = (3 − 8 ) ̂ + (4 − 6 ) ̂ for ( , ) ∈ ℝ , then ∮ ⋅ , where is the

boundary of the triangular region bounded by the lines = 0, = 0 and + = 1 oriented in the
anti-clockwise direction, is

(A) (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

Q.21 Let , and be finite dimensional real vector spaces, : → , : → and : → be

linear transformations. If range ( ) = nullspace ( ), nullspace ( ) = range ( ) and
rank ( ) = rank ( ), then which one of the following is TRUE?

(A) nullity of = nullity of

(B) dimension of ≠ dimension of
(C) If dimension of = 3 , dimension of = 4, then is not identically zero
(D) If dimension of = 4 , dimension of = 3 and is one-one, then is identically zero

Q.22 Let ( ) be the solution of the differential equation + = ( ), for ≥ 0, (0) = 0, where
2, 0 ≤ < 1
( )= . Then ( )=
0, ≥1

(A) 2(1 − ) when 0 ≤ < 1 and 2( − 1) when ≥1

(B) 2(1 − ) when 0 ≤ < 1 and 0 hen ≥1
(C) 2(1 − ) when 0 ≤ < 1 and 2(1 − ) when ≥1
(D) 2(1 − ) when 0 ≤ < 1 and 2 when ≥1

Q.23 An integrating factor of the differential equation + + + ( + ) = 0 is

(A) (B) 3 log (C) (D) 2 log

Q.24 A particular integral of the differential equation ′′ + 3 ′ + 2 = is

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.25 Let be a group satisfying the property that : →ℤ is a homomorphism implies

( ) = 0, ∀ ∈ . Then a possible group is

(A) ℤ (B) ℤ (C) ℤ (D) ℤ

MA 6/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.26 Let be the quotient group ℚ/ ℤ. Consider the following statements.

I. Every cyclic subgroup of is finite.
II. Every finite cyclic group is isomorphic to a subgroup of .
Which one of the following holds?

(A) I is TRUE but II is FALSE (B) II is TRUE but I is FALSE

(C) both I and II are TRUE (D) neither I nor II is TRUE

Q.27 Let denote the 4 × 4 identity matrix. If the roots of the characteristic polynomial of a 4 × 4 matrix

±√
are ± , then =

(A) + (B) 2 + (C) 2 + 3 (D) 3 + 2

Q.28 Consider the group ℤ = {( , )| , ∈ ℤ} under component-wise addition. Then which of the
following is a subgroup of ℤ ?

(A) {( , ) ∈ ℤ | = 0}
(B) {( , ) ∈ ℤ | 3 + 2 = 15}
(C) {( , ) ∈ ℤ | 7 divides }
(D) {( , ) ∈ ℤ | 2 divides and 3 divides }

Q.29 Let : ℝ → ℝ be a function and let be a bounded open interval in ℝ. Define

( , ) = sup { ( ) | ∈ } − inf { ( ) | ∈ } .
Which one of the following is FALSE?

(A) ( , )≤ ( , ) if ⊂
(B) If is a bounded function in and ⊃ ⊃ ⋯⊃ ⊃ ⋯ such that the length of the
interval tends to 0 as → ∞, then lim ( , )=0
→

(C) If is discontinuous at a point ∈ , then ( , )≠0

(D) If is continuous at a point ∈ , then for any given > 0 there exists an interval ⊂
such that ( , )<

MA 7/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.30 For > , let ( )= , ( ) = log (1 + 2 ) and ( ) = 2 . Then which one of the

following is TRUE?

√
(A) ( )< ( )< ( ) for 0 < <

(B) ( )< ( )< ( ) for >0

( ) √
(C) ( )+ ( )< for >

(D) ( )< ( )< ( ) for >0

SECTION - B
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTIONS (MSQ)
Q. 31 – Q. 40 carry two marks each.
Q.31
Let : ℝ\ {0} → ℝ be defined by ( ) = + . On which of the following interval(s) is

one-one?

(A) (−∞, −1) (B) (0, 1) (C) (0, 2) (D) (0, ∞)

/
Q.32 The solution(s) of the differential equation = (sin 2 ) satisfying (0) = 0 is (are)

(A) ( )=0
(B) ( )=− sin

(C) ( )= sin (D) ( )= cos

Q.33 Suppose , , ℎ are permutations of the set { , , , } , where

interchanges and but fixes and ,
g interchanges and but fixes and ,
ℎ interchanges and but fixes and .
Which of the following permutations interchange(s) and but fix(es) and ?

(A) ∘ ∘ℎ∘ ∘ (B) ∘ℎ∘ ∘ℎ∘ (C) ∘ ∘ℎ∘ ∘ (D) ℎ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ℎ

Q.34 Let and be two non-empty disjoint subsets of ℝ. Which of the following is (are) FALSE?
(A) If and are compact, then ∪ is also compact
(B) If and are not connected, then ∪ is also not connected
(C) If ∪ and are closed, then is closed
(D) If ∪ and are open, then is open

MA 8/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.35 Let ℂ∗ = ℂ \ {0} denote the group of non-zero complex numbers under multiplication. Suppose
= { ∈ℂ| = 1}, ∈ ℕ. Which of the following is (are) subgroup(s) of ℂ∗ ?

(A) ⋃ (B) ⋃ (C) ⋃ (D) ⋃

Q.36 Suppose , , ∈ ℝ. Consider the following system of linear equations.

+ + = , + + = , + + = . If this system has at least one solution, then
which of the following statements is (are) TRUE?

(A) If = 1 then =1 (B) If = 1 then =

(C) If ≠ 1 then =1 (D) If = 1 then =1

Q.37 Let , ∈ ℕ, < , ∈ × (ℝ), ∈ × (ℝ). Then which of the following is (are)
NOT possible?

(A) ( )=
(B) ( )=
(C) ( )=

(D) ( )= , the smallest integer larger than or equal to

Q.38 If ( , , ) = (2 + 3 ) ̂ + (3 + 2 ) ̂ + (3 + 2 ) for ( , , ) ∈ ℝ , then which among

the following is (are) TRUE?

(A) ∇ × =0

(B) ∮ ⋅ = 0 along any simple closed curve

(C) There exists a scalar function : ℝ → ℝ such that ∇ ⋅ = + +

(D) ∇ ⋅ =0

Q.39 Which of the following subsets of ℝ is (are) connected?

(A) { ∈ ℝ| + > 4} (B) { ∈ℝ| + < 4}

(C) { ∈ ℝ | | | < | − 4|} (D) { ∈ ℝ | | | > | − 4|}

MA 9/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.40 Let be a subset of ℝ such that 2018 is an interior point of . Which of the following is (are)
TRUE?

(A) contains an interval

(B) There is a sequence in which does not converge to 2018
(C) There is an element ∈ , ≠ 2018 such that is also an interior point of
(D) There is a point ∈ , such that | − 2018| = 0.002018

SECTION – C
NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE (NAT)
Q. 41 – Q. 50 carry one mark each.
Q.41 The order of the element (1 2 3) (2 4 5) (4 5 6) in the group is _________________

Q.42 Let ( , , ) = 3 +3 for ( , , ) ∈ ℝ . Then the absolute value of the directional derivative

of in the direction of the line = = , at the point (1, −2, 1) is _______________

Q.43 Let ( )= ∑ (−1) ( − 1) for 0 < < 2. Then the value of is _____________

Q.44 Let : ℝ → ℝ be given by

( − )
, ( , ) ≠ (0,0)
( , )= +
0, ( , ) = (0,0)

Then − at the point (0,0) is _____________

Q.45
Let ( , )= sin + cos for ( , )∈ℝ , > 0, >0.

Then (1,1) + (1,1) = ________________

Q.46 Let : [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) be continuous on [0, ∞) and differentiable on (0, ∞) . If

( )= ( ) , then (6) = ___________

MA 10/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.47 Let ( ( ) ) ( )
= + . Then the radius of convergence of the power series ∑

about = 0 is __________

Q.48 Let be the group of even permutations of 6 distinct symbols. Then the number of elements of
order 6 in is __________________

Q.49 Let be the real vector space of all 5 × 2 matrices such that the sum of the entries in each row is
zero. Let be the real vector space of all 5 × 2 matrices such that the sum of the entries in each
column is zero. Then the dimension of the space ∩ is ______________

Q.50 The coefficient of in the power series expansion of about = 0 is

____________ (correct up to three decimal places).

Q. 51 – Q. 60 carry two marks each.

Q.51 Let = (−1) , = + + ⋯+ and = ( + +⋯+ )/ , where , ∈ ℕ.
Then lim is _______________ (correct up to one decimal place).
→

Q.52 Let : ℝ → ℝ be such that is continuous on ℝ and (0) = 1, (0) = 0 and (0) = −1.

Then lim is ________________ (correct up to three decimal places).

→

Q.53 Suppose , , are positive real numbers such that + 2 + 3 = 1. If is the maximum value of
, then the value of is ________________

MA 11/12
JAM 2018 Mathematics - MA

Q.54 If the volume of the solid in ℝ bounded by the surfaces

= −1, = 1, = −1, = 1, = 2, + =2
is − , then = ________________

Q.55 /
If = /
, then the value of 2 sin + 1 is ______________
√

Q.56 The value of the integral

is ______________ (correct up to three decimal places).

Q.57 Suppose ∈ × (ℝ) is a matrix of rank 2. Let : × (ℝ) → × (ℝ) be the linear
transformation defined by ( )= . Then the rank of is _______________

Q.58 The area of the parametrized surface

= {((2 + cos ) cos , (2 + cos ) sin , sin ) ∈ ℝ | 0 ≤ ≤ , 0≤ ≤ }

is ____________ (correct up to two decimal places).

Q.59 If ( ) is the solution to the differential equation = + , for > 0, satisfying (0) = 1,

then the value of √2 is _____________ (correct up to two decimal places).

Q.60 If ( ) = ( ) sec is the solution of − (2 tan ) +5 =0,− < < , satisfying

(0) = 0 and (0) = √6 , then is _______________ (correct up to two decimal places).

√

END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

MA 12/12
 Paper Code : MA
Question
Q No. Section Key/Range (KY)
Type (QT)
1 MCQ A B

2 MCQ A D

3 MCQ A D

4 MCQ A A

5 MCQ A B

6 MCQ A C

7 MCQ A C

8 MCQ A B

9 MCQ A C

10 MCQ A B

11 MCQ A A

12 MCQ A C

13 MCQ A D

14 MCQ A B

15 MCQ A A

16 MCQ A D

17 MCQ A C

18 MCQ A A

19 MCQ A C

20 MCQ A B

21 MCQ A C

22 MCQ A A

23 MCQ A C
 Paper Code : MA
Question
Q No. Section Key/Range (KY)
Type (QT)
24 MCQ A B

25 MCQ A A

26 MCQ A C

27 MCQ A C

28 MCQ A D

29 MCQ A B

30 MCQ A C

31 MSQ B B

32 MSQ B A,B,C

33 MSQ B A,D

34 MSQ B B,C,D

35 MSQ B B,C,D

36 MSQ B A,B

37 MSQ B A,D

38 MSQ B A,B,C

39 MSQ B B,C,D

40 MSQ B A,B,C

41 NAT C 4 to 4

42 NAT C 6.5 to 7.5

43 NAT C 1 to 1

44 NAT C 1 to 1

45 NAT C 3 to 3

46 NAT C 9 to 9
 Paper Code : MA
Question
Q No. Section Key/Range (KY)
Type (QT)
47 NAT C 2 to 2

48 NAT C 0 to 0

49 NAT C 4 to 4

50 NAT C -0.130 to -0.120

51 NAT C 0.4 to 0.6

52 NAT C 0.350 to 0.380

53 NAT C 1140 to 1160

54 NAT C 5.99 to 6.01

55 NAT C 2.9 to 3.1

56 NAT C 0.230 to 0.250

57 NAT C 6 to 6

58 NAT C 6.30 to 6.70

59 NAT C -2.80 to -2.70

60 NAT C 0.5 to 0.5

JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Paper Specific Instructions

1. The examination is of 3 hours duration. There are a total of 60 questions carrying 100 marks. The entire
paper is divided into three sections, A, B and C. All sections are compulsory. Questions in each section are
of different types.

2. Section – A contains a total of 30 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ). Each MCQ type question has four
choices out of which only one choice is the correct answer. Questions Q.1 – Q.30 belong to this section
and carry a total of 50 marks. Q.1 – Q.10 carry 1 mark each and Questions Q.11 – Q.30 carry 2 marks
each.

3. Section – B contains a total of 10 Multiple Select Questions (MSQ). Each MSQ type question is similar
to MCQ but with a difference that there may be one or more than one choice(s) that are correct out of the
four given choices. The candidate gets full credit if he/she selects all the correct answers only and no
wrong answers. Questions Q.31 – Q.40 belong to this section and carry 2 marks each with a total of 20
marks.

4. Section – C contains a total of 20 Numerical Answer Type (NAT) questions. For these NAT type
questions, the answer is a real number which needs to be entered using the virtual keyboard on the monitor.
No choices will be shown for these type of questions. Questions Q.41 – Q.60 belong to this section and
carry a total of 30 marks. Q.41 – Q.50 carry 1 mark each and Questions Q.51 – Q.60 carry 2 marks each.

5. In all sections, questions not attempted will result in zero mark. In Section – A (MCQ), wrong answer will
result in NEGATIVE marks. For all 1 mark questions, 1/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer.
For all 2 marks questions, 2/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer. In Section – B (MSQ), there
is NO NEGATIVE and NO PARTIAL marking provisions. There is NO NEGATIVE marking in
Section – C (NAT) as well.

6. Only Virtual Scientific Calculator is allowed. Charts, graph sheets, tables, cellular phone or other
electronic gadgets are NOT allowed in the examination hall.

7. The Scribble Pad will be provided for rough work.

MA 1/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Notation

ℕ set of all natural numbers 1, 2, 3, ⋯

ℝ set of all real numbers

𝑀𝑚×𝑛 (ℝ) real vector space of all matrices of size 𝑚 × 𝑛 with entries in ℝ

∅ empty set

𝑋\𝑌 set of all elements from the set 𝑋 which are not in the set 𝑌

ℤ𝑛 group of all congruence classes of integers modulo 𝑛

𝑖̂, 𝑗̂, 𝑘̂ unit vectors having the directions of the positive 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑧 axes of a three dimensional
rectangular coordinate system, respectively

𝑆𝑛 group of all permutations of the set {1, 2, 3, ⋯ , 𝑛}

ln logarithm to the base 𝑒

log logarithm to the base 10

𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
∇ 𝑖̂ 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑗̂ 𝜕𝑦 + 𝑘̂ 𝜕𝑧

det(𝑀) determinant of a square matrix 𝑀

MA 2/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

SECTION – A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)
Q. 1 – Q.10 carry one mark each.
Q.1 Let 𝑎1 = 𝑏1 = 0, and for each 𝑛 ≥ 2, let 𝑎𝑛 and 𝑏𝑛 be real numbers given by
𝑛 𝑛
(−1)𝑚 𝑚 1
𝑎𝑛 = ∑ 𝑚 and 𝑏𝑛 = ∑ .
(log(𝑚)) (log(𝑚))𝑚
𝑚=2 𝑚=2

Then which one of the following is TRUE about the sequences {𝑎𝑛 } and {𝑏𝑛 }?
(A) Both {𝑎𝑛 } and {𝑏𝑛 } are divergent
(B) {𝑎𝑛 } is convergent and {𝑏𝑛 } is divergent
(C) {𝑎𝑛 } is divergent and {𝑏𝑛 } is convergent
(D) Both {𝑎𝑛 } and {𝑏𝑛 } are convergent

Q.2 Let 𝑇 ∈ 𝑀𝑚×𝑛 (ℝ). Let 𝑉 be the subspace of 𝑀𝑛×𝑝 (ℝ) defined by

𝑉 = {𝑋 ∈ 𝑀𝑛×𝑝 (ℝ) ∶ 𝑇𝑋 = 0}.

Then the dimension of 𝑉 is

(A) 𝑝𝑛 − rank(𝑇) (B) 𝑚𝑛 − 𝑝 rank(𝑇)
(C) 𝑝(𝑚 − rank(𝑇)) (D) 𝑝(𝑛 − rank(𝑇))

Q.3 Let 𝑔: ℝ → ℝ be a twice differentiable function. Define 𝑓: ℝ3 → ℝ by

𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑔(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑧 2 ).

𝜕2 𝑓 𝜕2 𝑓 𝜕2 𝑓
Then + 𝜕𝑦 2 + 𝜕𝑧 2 is equal to
𝜕𝑥 2

(A) 4(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑧 2 ) 𝑔′′ (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑧 2 )

(B) 4(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑧 2 ) 𝑔′′ (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑧 2 )
(C) 4(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑧 2 ) 𝑔′′ (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑧 2 )
(D) 4(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑧 2 ) 𝑔′′ (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑧 2 ) + 8𝑔′ (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑧 2 )

Q.4 Let {𝑎𝑛 }∞ ∞ 2

𝑛=0 and {𝑏𝑛 }𝑛=0 be sequences of positive real numbers such that 𝑛𝑎𝑛 < 𝑏𝑛 < 𝑛 𝑎𝑛 for
∞ 𝑛
all 𝑛 ≥ 2. If the radius of convergence of the power series ∑𝑛=0 𝑎𝑛 𝑥 is 4, then the power series
∑∞𝑛=0 𝑏𝑛 𝑥
𝑛

(A) converges for all 𝑥 with |𝑥| < 2

(B) converges for all 𝑥 with |𝑥| > 2
(C) does not converge for any 𝑥 with |𝑥| > 2
(D) does not converge for any 𝑥 with |𝑥| < 2

Q.5 𝑛 √2
Let 𝑆 be the set of all limit points of the set { + ∶ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ}. Let ℚ+ be the set of all positive
√2 𝑛
rational numbers. Then
(A) ℚ+ ⊆ 𝑆 (B) 𝑆 ⊆ ℚ+
(C) 𝑆 ∩ (ℝ ∖ ℚ+ ) ≠ ∅ (D) 𝑆 ∩ ℚ+ ≠ ∅

MA 3/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.6 If 𝑥 ℎ 𝑦 𝑘 is an integrating factor of the differential equation

𝑦(1 + 𝑥𝑦) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥(1 − 𝑥𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 = 0,

then the ordered pair (ℎ, 𝑘) is equal to

(A) (−2, −2) (B) (−2, −1) (C) (−1, −2) (D) (−1, −1)

Q.7 If 𝑦(𝑥) = 𝜆𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 𝛽𝑥 , 𝛽 ≠ 2, is a solution of the differential equation

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ − 6𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
satisfying (0) = 5, then 𝑦(0) is equal to
𝑑𝑥

(A) 1 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 9

Q.8 The equation of the tangent plane to the surface 𝑥 2 𝑧 + √8 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 4 = 6 at the point (2, 0, 1)
is
(A) 2𝑥 + 𝑧 = 5 (B) 3𝑥 + 4𝑧 = 10
(C) 3𝑥 − 𝑧 = 10 (D) 7𝑥 − 4𝑧 = 10

Q.9 The value of the integral

1 1−𝑦 2
∫ ∫ 𝑦 sin (𝜋(1 − 𝑥)2 ) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑦=0 𝑥=0

is
1 𝜋 2
(A) (B) 2𝜋 (C) (D)
2𝜋 2 𝜋

Q.10 The area of the surface generated by rotating the curve 𝑥 = 𝑦 3 , 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1, about the 𝑦-axis, is
𝜋 4𝜋 𝜋 4𝜋
(A) 103/2 (B) (103/2 − 1) (C) (103/2 − 1) (D) 103/2
27 3 27 3

Q. 11 – Q. 30 carry two marks each.

Q.11 Let 𝐻 and 𝐾 be subgroups of ℤ144 . If the order of 𝐻 is 24 and the order of 𝐾 is 36, then the
order of the subgroup 𝐻 ∩ 𝐾 is
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 12

Q.12 Let 𝑃 be a 4 × 4 matrix with entries from the set of rational numbers. If √2 + 𝑖, with 𝑖 = √−1, is
a root of the characteristic polynomial of 𝑃 and 𝐼 is the 4 × 4 identity matrix, then
(A) 𝑃4 = 4𝑃2 + 9𝐼 (B) 𝑃4 = 4𝑃2 − 9𝐼 (C) 𝑃4 = 2𝑃2 − 9𝐼 (D) 𝑃4 = 2𝑃2 + 9𝐼

MA 4/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.13 𝑥
The set { ∶ −1 < 𝑥 < 1}, as a subset of ℝ, is
1+𝑥

(A) connected and compact

(B) connected but not compact
(C) not connected but compact
(D) neither connected nor compact

Q.14 1 1
The set { + ∶ 𝑚, 𝑛 ∈ ℕ} ∪ {0}, as a subset of ℝ, is
𝑚 𝑛

(A) compact and open (B) compact but not open

(C) not compact but open (D) neither compact nor open

Q.15 For −1 < 𝑥 < 1, the sum of the power series 1 + ∑∞

𝑛=2 (−1)
𝑛−1 𝑛2 𝑥𝑛−1 is

1−𝑥 1+𝑥 2
(A) (B)
(1+𝑥)3 (1+𝑥)4
1−𝑥 1+𝑥 2
(C) (D)
(1+𝑥)2 (1+𝑥)3

Q.16 Let 𝑓(𝑥) = (ln 𝑥)2 , 𝑥 > 0. Then

𝑓(𝑥)
(A) lim does not exist
𝑥→∞ 𝑥
′ (𝑥)
(B) lim 𝑓 =2
𝑥→∞
(C) lim (𝑓(𝑥 + 1) − 𝑓(𝑥)) = 0
𝑥→∞
(D) lim (𝑓(𝑥 + 1) − 𝑓(𝑥)) does not exist
𝑥→∞

Q.17 Let 𝑓 ∶ ℝ → ℝ be a differentiable function such that 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 𝑓(𝑥) for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ , and 𝑓(0) = 1.
Then 𝑓(1) lies in the interval
(A) (0, 𝑒 −1 ) (B) (𝑒 −1 , √𝑒) (C) (√𝑒, 𝑒) (D) (𝑒, ∞)

Q.18 For which one of the following values of 𝑘, the equation

2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 𝑘 = 0

has three distinct real roots?

(A) 16 (B) 20 (C) 26 (D) 31

Q.19 Which one of the following series is divergent?

1 1 1
(A) ∑∞
𝑛=1 sin
2
(B) ∑∞
𝑛=1 log 𝑛
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
1 1 1 1
(C) ∑∞
𝑛=1 sin 𝑛 (D) ∑∞
𝑛=1 tan 𝑛
𝑛2 𝑛

MA 5/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.20 Let 𝑆 be the family of orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves

2𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑘, for 𝑘 ∈ ℝ and 𝑘 > 0.

If 𝒞 ∈ 𝑆 and 𝒞 passes through the point (1, 2), then 𝒞 also passes through
(A) (4, −√2) (B) (2, −4) (C) (2, 2√2) (D) (4, 2√2)

Q.21 Let 𝑥, 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 and 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 be solutions of a linear second order ordinary differential equation
with constant coefficients. If 𝑦(𝑥) is the solution of the same equation satisfying 𝑦(0) = 3 and
𝑦 ′ (0) = 4, then 𝑦(1) is equal to
(A) 𝑒 + 1 (B) 2𝑒 + 3 (C) 3𝑒 + 2 (D) 3𝑒 + 1

Q.22 The function

𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 3

has a saddle point at

(A) (0, 0) 2
(B) (− , − )
2 3
(C) (− , − )
3 (D) (−1, −1)
3 3 2 2

Q.23 The area of the part of the surface of the paraboloid 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 = 8 lying inside the cylinder
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 is
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(A) (173/2 − 1) (B) 𝜋(173/2 − 1) (C) (173/2 − 1) (D) (173/2 − 1)
2 6 3

Q.24 Let 𝒞 be the circle (𝑥 − 1)2 + 𝑦 2 = 1, oriented counter clockwise. Then the value of the line
integral

4
∮ − 𝑥𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑦
𝒞 3

is
(A) 6𝜋 (B) 8𝜋 (C) 12𝜋 (D) 14𝜋

Q.25 Let 𝐹⃗ (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 2𝑦 𝑖̂ + 𝑥 2 𝑗̂ + 𝑥𝑦 𝑘̂ and let 𝒞 be the curve of intersection of the plane
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1 and the cylinder 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1. Then the value of

|∮ 𝐹⃗ ⋅ 𝑑𝑟⃗⃗⃗ |
𝒞

is
(A) 𝜋 3𝜋 (C) 2𝜋 (D) 3𝜋
(B)
2

MA 6/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.26 The tangent line to the curve of intersection of the surface 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 = 0 and the plane
𝑥 + 𝑧 = 3 at the point (1, 1, 2) passes through
(A) (−1, −2, 4) (B) (−1, 4, 4) (C) (3, 4, 4) (D) (−1, 4, 0)

Q.27 The set of eigenvalues of which one of the following matrices is NOT equal to the set of
1 2
eigenvalues of ( )?
4 3
1 4 3 2 3 4 2 3
(A) ( ) (B) ( ) (C) ( ) (D) ( )
2 3 4 1 2 1 1 4

Q.28 Let {𝑎𝑛 } be a sequence of positive real numbers. The series ∑∞

𝑛=1 𝑎𝑛 converges if the series

(A) ∑∞ 2
𝑛=1 𝑎𝑛 converges
𝑎
(B) ∑∞ 𝑛
𝑛=1 𝑛 converges
2
∞ 𝑎𝑛+1
(C) ∑𝑛=1 converges
𝑎𝑛
∞ 𝑎
(D) ∑𝑛=1 𝑛 converges
𝑎 𝑛+1

Q.29 For 𝛽 ∈ ℝ, define

𝑥 2 |𝑥|𝛽 𝑦
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { 𝑥 4 + 𝑦 2 , 𝑥 ≠ 0,
0, 𝑥 = 0.

Then, at (0, 0), the function 𝑓 is

(A) continuous for 𝛽 = 0
(B) continuous for 𝛽 > 0
(C) not differentiable for any 𝛽
(D) continuous for 𝛽 < 0

Q.30 Let {𝑎𝑛 } be a sequence of positive real numbers such that

2
𝑎1 = 1, 𝑎𝑛+1 − 2𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛+1 − 𝑎𝑛 = 0 for all 𝑛 ≥ 1.
𝑎𝑛
Then the sum of the series ∑∞
𝑛=1 lies in the interval
3𝑛

(A) (1, 2] (B) (2, 3] (C) (3, 4] (D) (4, 5]

MA 7/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

SECTION - B
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTIONS (MSQ)
Q. 31 – Q. 40 carry two marks each.
Q.31 Let 𝐺 be a noncyclic group of order 4. Consider the statements I and II:

I. There is NO injective (one-one) homomorphism from 𝐺 to ℤ8

II. There is NO surjective (onto) homomorphism from ℤ8 to 𝐺

Then
(A) I is true (B) I is false
(C) II is true (D) II is false

Q.32 Let 𝐺 be a nonabelian group, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐺, and let the maps 𝑓, 𝑔, ℎ from 𝐺 to itself be defined by

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦𝑥𝑦 −1 , 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 −1 and ℎ = 𝑔 ∘ 𝑔.

Then
(A) 𝑔 and ℎ are homomorphisms and 𝑓 is not a homomorphism
(B) ℎ is a homomorphism and 𝑔 is not a homomorphism
(C) 𝑓 is a homomorphism and 𝑔 is not a homomorphism
(D) 𝑓, 𝑔 and ℎ are homomorphisms

Q.33 Let 𝑆 and 𝑇 be linear transformations from a finite dimensional vector space 𝑉 to itself such that
𝑆(𝑇(𝑣)) = 0 for all 𝑣 ∈ 𝑉. Then
(A) rank(𝑇) ≥ nullity(𝑆) (B) rank(𝑆) ≥ nullity(𝑇)
(C) rank(𝑇) ≤ nullity(𝑆) (D) rank(𝑆) ≤ nullity(𝑇)

Q.34 Let 𝐹⃗ and 𝐺⃗ be differentiable vector fields and let 𝑔 be a differentiable scalar function. Then
(A) ∇ ⋅ (𝐹⃗ × 𝐺⃗ ) = 𝐺⃗ ⋅ ∇ × 𝐹⃗ − 𝐹⃗ ⋅ ∇ × 𝐺⃗ (B) ∇ ⋅ (𝐹⃗ × 𝐺⃗ ) = 𝐺⃗ ⋅ ∇ × 𝐹⃗ + 𝐹⃗ ⋅ ∇ × 𝐺⃗
(C) ∇ ⋅ (𝑔𝐹⃗ ) = 𝑔∇ ⋅ 𝐹⃗ − ∇g ⋅ 𝐹⃗ (D) ∇ ⋅ (𝑔𝐹⃗ ) = 𝑔∇ ⋅ 𝐹⃗ + ∇g ⋅ 𝐹⃗

Q.35 Consider the intervals 𝑆 = (0, 2] and 𝑇 = [1, 3). Let 𝑆 ∘ and 𝑇 ∘ be the sets of interior points of 𝑆
and 𝑇, respectively. Then the set of interior points of 𝑆 \ 𝑇 is equal to
(A) 𝑆 ∖ 𝑇 ∘ (B) 𝑆 ∖ 𝑇 (C) 𝑆 ∘ ∖ 𝑇 ∘ (D) 𝑆 ∘ ∖ 𝑇

Q.36 Let {𝑎𝑛 } be the sequence given by

𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋
𝑎𝑛 = max {sin ( ) , cos ( )} , 𝑛 ≥ 1.
3 3

Then which of the following statements is/are TRUE about the subsequences {𝑎6𝑛−1 } and
{𝑎6𝑛+4 }?
(A) Both the subsequences are convergent
(B) Only one of the subsequences is convergent
1
(C) {𝑎6𝑛−1 } converges to − 2
1
(D) {𝑎6𝑛+4 } converges to 2

MA 8/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.37 Let

𝑓(𝑥) = cos(|𝜋 − 𝑥|) + (𝑥 − 𝜋) sin |𝑥| and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

If ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)), then

(A) ℎ is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 0
(B) ℎ′ (√𝜋) = 0
(C) ℎ′′ (𝑥) = 0 has a solution in (−𝜋, 𝜋)
(D) there exists 𝑥0 ∈ (−𝜋, 𝜋) such that ℎ(𝑥0 ) = 𝑥0

Q.38 𝜋
Let 𝑓: (0, 2 ) → ℝ be given by

𝑓(𝑥) = (sin 𝑥)π − 𝜋 sin 𝑥 + 𝜋.

Then which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

(A) 𝑓 is an increasing function
(B) 𝑓 is a decreasing function
𝜋
(C) 𝑓(𝑥) > 0 for all 𝑥 ∈ (0, 2 )
𝜋
(D) 𝑓(𝑥) < 0 for some 𝑥 ∈ (0, 2 )

Q.39 Let

|𝑥|
√𝑥 4 + 𝑦 2 , (𝑥, 𝑦) ≠ (0, 0)
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = {|𝑥| + |𝑦|
0, (𝑥, 𝑦) = (0, 0).

Then at (0, 0),

(A) 𝑓 is continuous
𝜕𝑓 𝜕𝑓
(B) = 0 and does not exist
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑓 𝜕𝑓
(C) 𝜕𝑥
does not exist and 𝜕𝑦
=0
𝜕𝑓 𝜕𝑓
(D) = 0 and =0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

Q.40 Let {𝑎𝑛 } be the sequence of real numbers such that

𝑎1 = 1 and 𝑎𝑛+1 = 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛2 for all 𝑛 ≥ 1.

Then
(A) 𝑎4 = 𝑎1 (1 + 𝑎1 )(1 + 𝑎2 )(1 + 𝑎3 ) 1
(B) lim =0
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛
1 (D) lim 𝑎𝑛 = 0
(C) lim =1 𝑛→∞
𝑎
𝑛→∞ 𝑛

MA 9/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

SECTION – C
NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE (NAT)
Q. 41 – Q. 50 carry one mark each.
Q.41 Let 𝑥 be the 100-cycle (1 2 3 ⋯ 100) and let 𝑦 be the transposition (49 50) in the
permutation group 𝑆100 . Then the order of 𝑥𝑦 is ______

Q.42 Let 𝑊1 and 𝑊2 be subspaces of the real vector space ℝ100 defined by

𝑊1 = { (𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , … , 𝑥100 ) ∶ 𝑥𝑖 = 0 if 𝑖 is divisible by 4},

𝑊2 = { (𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , … , 𝑥100 ) ∶ 𝑥𝑖 = 0 if 𝑖 is divisible by 5}.

Then the dimension of 𝑊1 ∩ 𝑊2 is _____

Q.43 Consider the following system of three linear equations in four unknowns 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 and 𝑥4

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 + 𝑥4 = 4,
𝑥1 + 2𝑥2 + 3𝑥3 + 4𝑥4 = 5,
𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 + 5𝑥3 + 𝑘𝑥4 = 5.

If the system has no solutions, then 𝑘 = ________

Q.44 Let 𝐹⃗ (𝑥, 𝑦) = −𝑦 𝑖̂ + 𝑥 𝑗̂ and let 𝒞 be the ellipse

𝑥2 𝑦2
+ =1
16 9

oriented counter clockwise. Then the value of ∮𝒞 𝐹⃗ ⋅ 𝑑𝑟⃗ (round off to 2 decimal places)
is_______________

Q.45 𝜋
The coefficient of (𝑥 − 2 ) in the Taylor series expansion of the function

4(1 − sin 𝑥) 𝜋
, 𝑥≠
𝑓(𝑥) = { 2𝑥 − 𝜋 2
𝜋
0, 𝑥=
2
𝜋
about 𝑥 = 2 , is ____________

MA 10/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.46 Let 𝑓: [0, 1] → ℝ be given by

1 3 1 3
(1+𝑥 3 ) + (1−𝑥 3 )
𝑓(𝑥) = .
8(1+𝑥)

Then

max {𝑓(𝑥): 𝑥 ∈ [0,1]} − min {𝑓(𝑥): 𝑥 ∈ [0,1]}

is ___________

Q.47 If
4𝑥−5

𝑔(𝑥) = ∫ 𝑓(𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 , where 𝑓(𝑥) = √1 + 3𝑥 4 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ

𝑥(𝑥−2)

then 𝑔′ (1) = _______

Q.48 Let

𝑥3 + 𝑦3
, 𝑥2 − 𝑦2 ≠ 0
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2
0, 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 0.
4 3
Then the directional derivative of 𝑓 at (0, 0) in the direction of 𝑖̂ + 5 𝑗̂ is __________
5

Q.49 The value of the integral

1 1
∫ ∫ |𝑥 + 𝑦| 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
−1 −1

(round off to 2 decimal places) is ___________

Q.50 The volume of the solid bounded by the surfaces 𝑥 = 1 − 𝑦 2 and 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 − 1, and the planes
𝑧 = 0 and 𝑧 = 2 (round off to 2 decimal places) is _____________

Q. 51 – Q. 60 carry two marks each.

Q.51 The volume of the solid of revolution of the loop of the curve 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 4 (𝑥 + 2) about the 𝑥-axis
(round off to 2 decimal places) is ___________

MA 11/13
JAM 2019 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q.52 The greatest lower bound of the set

1
{(𝑒 𝑛 + 2𝑛 )𝑛 ∶ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ},

(round off to 2 decimal places) is ______________

Q.53 Let 𝐺 = {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∶ 𝑛 ≤ 55, gcd(𝑛, 55) = 1} be the group under multiplication modulo 55.
Let 𝑥 ∈ 𝐺 be such that 𝑥 2 = 26 and 𝑥 > 30. Then 𝑥 is equal to____________

Q.54 The number of critical points of the function

2 +𝑦 2 )
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = (𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 )𝑒 −(𝑥

is ___________

Q.55 The number of elements in the set {𝑥 ∈ 𝑆3 : 𝑥 4 = 𝑒}, where 𝑒 is the identity element of the
permutation group 𝑆3 , is ___________

Q.56 2 0 0 2
If (𝑦), 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ ℝ, is an eigenvector corresponding to a real eigenvalue of the matrix (1 0 −4)
𝑧 0 1 3
then 𝑧 − 𝑦 is equal to__________

Q.57 Let 𝑀 and 𝑁 be any two 4 × 4 matrices with integer entries satisfying

1 0 0 1
0 1 1 0
𝑀𝑁 = 2 ( ).
0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1

Then the maximum value of det(𝑀) + det(𝑁) is ___________

Q.58 Let 𝑀 be a 3 × 3 matrix with real entries such that 𝑀2 = 𝑀 + 2𝐼, where 𝐼 denotes the 3 × 3
identity matrix. If 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 are eigenvalues of 𝑀 such that 𝛼𝛽𝛾 = −4, then
𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 is equal to_________

Q.59 Let 𝑦(𝑥) = 𝑥𝑣(𝑥) be a solution of the differential equation

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 0.

If 𝑣(0) = 0 and 𝑣(1) = 1, then 𝑣(−2) is equal to____________

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Q.60 If 𝑦(𝑥) is the solution of the initial value problem

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ 4 𝑑𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 0, 𝑦(0) = 2, (0) = 0,
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

then 𝑦(ln 2) is (round off to 2 decimal places) equal to ____________

END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

MA 13/13
JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

Paper Specific Instructions

1. The examination is of 3 hours duration. There are a total of 60 questions carrying 100 marks. The entire
paper is divided into three sections, A, B and C. All sections are compulsory. Questions in each section are
of different types.

2. Section – A contains a total of 30 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ). Each MCQ type question has four
choices out of which only one choice is the correct answer. Questions Q.1 – Q.30 belong to this section
and carry a total of 50 marks. Q.1 – Q.10 carry 1 mark each and Questions Q.11 – Q.30 carry 2 marks
each.

3. Section – B contains a total of 10 Multiple Select Questions (MSQ). Each MSQ type question is similar
to MCQ but with a difference that there may be one or more than one choice(s) that are correct out of
the four given choices. The candidate gets full credit if he/she selects all the correct answers only and no
wrong answers. Questions Q.31 – Q.40 belong to this section and carry 2 marks each with a total of 20
marks.

4. Section – C contains a total of 20 Numerical Answer Type (NAT) questions. For these NAT type ques-
tions, the answer is a real number which needs to be entered using the virtual keyboard on the monitor. No
choices will be shown for this type of questions. Questions Q.41 – Q.60 belong to this section and carry a
total of 30 marks. Q.41 – Q.50 carry 1 mark each and Questions Q.51 – Q.60 carry 2 marks each.

5. In all sections, questions not attempted will result in zero mark. In Section – A (MCQ), wrong answer will
result in NEGATIVE marks. For all 1 mark questions, 1/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer.
For all 2 marks questions, 2/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer. In Section – B (MSQ),
there is NO NEGATIVE and NO PARTIAL marking provisions. There is NO NEGATIVE marking in
Section – C (NAT) as well.

6. Only Virtual Scientific Calculator is allowed. Charts, graph sheets, tables, cellular phone or other electronic
gadgets are NOT allowed in the examination hall.

7. The Scribble Pad will be provided for rough work.

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NOTATION

1. N = {1, 2, 3, · · · }

2. R - the set of all real numbers

3. R \ {0} - the set of all non-zero real numbers

4. C - the set of all complex numbers

5. f ◦ g - composition of the functions f and g

6. f 0 and f 00 - first and second derivatives of the function f , respectively

7. f (n) - nth derivative of f

∂ ∂ ∂
8. ∇ = î ∂x + ĵ ∂y + k̂ ∂z
H
9. - the line integral over an oriented closed curve C
C

10. î, ĵ, k̂ - unit vectors along the Cartisean right handed rectangular co-ordinate system

11. n̂ - unit outward normal vector

12. I - identity matrix of appropriate order

13. det(M ) - determinant of the matrix M

14. M −1 - inverse of the matrix M

15. M T - transpose of the matrix M

16. id - identity map

17. hai - cyclic subgroup generated by an element a of a group

18. Sn - permutation group on n symbols

19. S 1 = {z ∈ C : |z| = 1}

20. o(g) - order of the element g in a group

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SECTION – A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)

Q. 1 – Q. 10 carry one mark each.

(−1)n
Q. 1 Let sn = 1 + , n ∈ N. Then the sequence {sn } is
n
(A) monotonically increasing and is convergent to 1
(B) monotonically decreasing and is convergent to 1
(C) neither monotonically increasing nor monotonically decreasing but is convergent to 1
(D) divergent

Q. 2 Let f (x) = 2x3 − 9x2 + 7. Which of the following is true?

(A) f is one-one in the interval [−1, 1]
(B) f is one-one in the interval [2, 4]
(C) f is NOT one-one in the interval [−4, 0]
(D) f is NOT one-one in the interval [0, 4]

Q. 3 Which of the following is FALSE?

x 1
(A) lim x = 0 (B) lim+ =0
x→∞ e x→0 xe1/x
sin x cos x
(C) lim+ =0 (D) lim+ =0
x→0 1 + 2x x→0 1 + 2x

Q. 4 Let g : R → R be a twice differentiable function. If f (x, y) = g(y) + xg 0 (y), then

∂f ∂ 2f ∂f ∂f ∂ 2f ∂f
(A) +y = (B) +y =
∂x ∂x∂y ∂y ∂y ∂x∂y ∂x
∂f ∂ 2f ∂f ∂f ∂ 2f ∂f
(C) +x = (D) +x =
∂x ∂x∂y ∂y ∂y ∂x∂y ∂x

MA 3 / 17
JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q. 5 If the equation of the tangent plane to the surface z = 16 − x2 − y 2 at the point P (1, 3, 6) is
ax + by + cz + d = 0, then the value of |d| is
(A) 16 (B) 26 (C) 36 (D) 46

→
Q. 6 If the directional derivative of the function z = y 2 e2x at (2, −1) along the unit vector b =
αî + β ĵ is zero, then |α + β| equals
1 1 √ √
(A) √ (B) √ (C) 2 (D) 2 2
2 2 2

Q. 7 If u = x3 and v = y 2 transform the differential equation 3x5 dx − y(y 2 − x3 )dy = 0 to

dv αu
= , then α is
du 2(u − v)
(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) −2 (D) −4

Q. 8 Let T : R2 → R2 be the linear transformation given by T (x, y) = (−x, y). Then

(A) T 2k = T for all k ≥ 1
(B) T 2k+1 = −T for all k ≥ 1
(C) the range of T 2 is a proper subspace of the range of T
(D) the range of T 2 is equal to the range of T

Q. 9 The radius of convergence of the power series

∞ 
X n + 2 n2
xn
n=1
n

is
1 1 1
(A) e2 (B) √ (C) (D)
e e e2

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 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q. 10 Consider the following group under matrix multiplication:

  

 1 p q 

H = 0 1 r  : p, q, r ∈ R .
 

 0 0 1 


Then the center of the group is isomorphic to

(A) (R \ {0}, ×) (B) (R, +)
(C) (R2 , +) (D) (R, +) × (R \ {0}, ×)

Q. 11 – Q. 30 carry two marks each.

an+1
Q. 11 Let {an } be a sequence of positive real numbers. Suppose that l = lim . Which of the
n→∞ an
following is true?
(A) If l = 1, then lim an = 1 (B) If l = 1, then lim an = 0
n→∞ n→∞

(C) If l < 1, then lim an = 1 (D) If l < 1, then lim an = 0

n→∞ n→∞

r
1 + s2n
Q. 12 Define s1 = α > 0 and sn+1 = , n ≥ 1. Which of the following is true?
1+α
1 1
(A) If s2n < , then {sn } is monotonically increasing and lim sn = √
α n→∞ α
1 1
(B) If s2n < , then {sn } is monotonically decreasing and lim sn =
α n→∞ α
1 1
(C) If s2n > , then {sn } is monotonically increasing and lim sn = √
α n→∞ α
1 1
(D) If s2n > , then {sn } is monotonically decreasing and lim sn =
α n→∞ α

MA 5 / 17
 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

∞
P
Q. 13 Suppose that S is the sum of a convergent series an . Define tn = an + an+1 + an+2 . Then
n=1
∞
P
the series tn
n=1

(A) diverges (B) converges to 3S − a1 − a2

(C) converges to 3S − a1 − 2a2 (D) converges to 3S − 2a1 − a2


(x + a)2 , x≤0
Q. 14 Let a ∈ R. If f (x) =
(x + a)3 , x > 0,
then
d2 f
(A) does not exist at x = 0 for any value of a
dx2
d2 f
(B) 2 exists at x = 0 for exactly one value of a
dx
d2 f
(C) 2 exists at x = 0 for exactly two values of a
dx
d2 f
(D) 2 exists at x = 0 for infinitely many values of a
dx




 x2 sin x1 + y 2 sin y1 , xy 6= 0

x2 sin 1 ,

x 6= 0, y = 0
x
Q. 15 Let f (x, y) =
1


 y 2 sin y
, y 6= 0, x = 0


0, x = y = 0.
Which of the following is true at (0, 0)?
(A) f is not continuous
∂f ∂f
(B) is continuous but is not continuous
∂x ∂y
(C) f is not differentiable
∂f ∂f
(D) f is differentiable but both and are not continuous
∂x ∂y

MA 6 / 17
 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q. 16 Let S be the surface of the portion of the sphere with centre at the origin and radius 4, above
→
the xy-plane. Let F = y î − xĵ + yx3 k̂. If n̂ is the unit outward normal to S, then
ZZ →
(∇ × F ) · n̂ dS
S

equals
(A) −32π (B) −16π (C) 16π (D) 32π

Q. 17 Let f (x, y, z) = x3 + y 3 + z 3 − 3xyz. A point at which the gradient of the function f is equal
to zero is
(A) (−1, 1, −1) (B) (−1, −1, −1) (C) (−1, 1, 1) (D) (1, −1, 1)

Q. 18 The area bounded by the curves x2 + y 2 = 2x and x2 + y 2 = 4x, and the straight lines y = x
and y = 0 is
       
π 1 π 1 π 1 π 1
(A) 3 + (B) 3 + (C) 2 + (D) 2 +
2 4 4 2 4 3 3 4

Q. 19 Let M be a real 6 × 6 matrix. Let 2 and −1 be two eigenvalues of M . If M 5 = aI + bM ,

where a, b ∈ R, then
(A) a = 10, b = 11 (B) a = −11, b = 10
(C) a = −10, b = 11 (D) a = 10, b = −11

Q. 20 Let M be an n × n (n ≥ 2) non-zero real matrix with M 2 = 0 and let α ∈ R \ {0}. Then

(A) α is the only eigenvalue of (M + αI) and (M − αI)
(B) α is the only eigenvalue of (M + αI) and (αI − M )
(C) −α is the only eigenvalue of (M + αI) and (M − αI)
(D) −α is the only eigenvalue of (M + αI) and (αI − M )

MA 7 / 17
 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q. 21 Consider the differential equation L[y] = (y − y 2 )dx + xdy = 0. The function f (x, y) is said
to be an integrating factor of the equation if f (x, y)L[y] = 0 becomes exact.
1
If f (x, y) = 2 2 , then
xy
(A) f is an integrating factor and y = 1 − kxy, k ∈ R is NOT its general solution
(B) f is an integrating factor and y = −1 + kxy, k ∈ R is its general solution
(C) f is an integrating factor and y = −1 + kxy, k ∈ R is NOT its general solution
(D) f is NOT an integrating factor and y = 1 + kxy, k ∈ R is its general solution

d2 y dy
Q. 22 A solution of the differential equation 2x2 2
+ 3x − y = 0, x > 0 that passes through the
dx dx
point (1, 1) is
1 1 1 1
(A) y = (B) y = (C) y = √ (D) y =
x x2 x x3/2

Q. 23 Let M be a 4 × 3 real matrix and let {e1 , e2 , e3 } be the standard basis of R3 . Which of the
following is true?
(A) If rank(M ) = 1, then {M e1 , M e2 } is a linearly independent set
(B) If rank(M ) = 2, then {M e1 , M e2 } is a linearly independent set
(C) If rank(M ) = 2, then {M e1 , M e3 } is a linearly independent set
(D) If rank(M ) = 3, then {M e1 , M e3 } is a linearly independent set

RRR
Q. 24 The value of the triple integral (x2 y + 1) dxdydz, where V is the region given by x2 + y 2 ≤
V
1, 0 ≤ z ≤ 2 is
(A) π (B) 2π (C) 3π (D) 4π

Q. 25 Let S be the part of the cone z 2 = x2 + y 2 between the planes z = 0 and z = 1. Then the value
RR
of the surface integral (x2 + y 2 ) dS is
S
π π π
(A) π (B) √ (C) √ (D)
2 3 2

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 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

→ →
Q. 26 Let a = î + ĵ + k̂ and r = xî + y ĵ + z k̂, x, y, z ∈ R. Which of the following is FALSE?
→ → → → →
(A) ∇( a · r ) = a (B) ∇ · ( a × r ) = 0
→ → → → → → → →
(C) ∇ × ( a × r ) = a (D) ∇ · (( a · r ) r ) = 4( a · r )

Q. 27 Let D = {(x, y) ∈ R2 : |x| + |y| ≤ 1} and f : D → R be a non-constant continuous function.

Which of the following is TRUE?
(A) The range of f is unbounded
(B) The range of f is a union of open intervals
(C) The range of f is a closed interval
(D) The range of f is a union of at least two disjoint closed intervals

 
1 1
Q. 28 Let f : [0, 1] → R be a continuous function such that f = − and
2 2

|f (x) − f (y) − (x − y)| ≤ sin (|x − y|2 )

R1
for all x, y ∈ [0, 1]. Then f (x) dx is
0
1 1 1 1
(A) − (B) − (C) (D)
2 4 4 2

√
Q. 29 Let S 1 = {z ∈ C : |z| = 1} be the circle group under multiplication and i = −1. Then the
set {θ ∈ R : hei2πθ i is infinite} is
(A) empty (B) non-empty and finite
(C) countably infinite (D) uncountable

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 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q. 30 Let F = {ω ∈ C : ω 2020 = 1}. Consider the groups

(  )
ω z
G= : ω ∈ F, z ∈ C
0 1

and (  )
1 z
H= :z∈C
0 1
under matrix multiplication. Then the number of cosets of H in G is
(A) 1010 (B) 2019 (C) 2020 (D) infinite

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 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

SECTION – B
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTIONS (MSQ)

Q. 31 – Q. 40 carry two marks each.

Q. 31 Let a, b, c ∈ R such that a < b < c. Which of the following is/are true for any continuous
function f : R → R satisfying f (a) = b, f (b) = c and f (c) = a?
(A) There exists α ∈ (a, c) such that f (α) = α
(B) There exists β ∈ (a, b) such that f (β) = β
(C) There exists γ ∈ (a, b) such that (f ◦ f )(γ) = γ
(D) There exists δ ∈ (a, c) such that (f ◦ f ◦ f )(δ) = δ

(−1)n (−1)n
Q. 32 If sn = and tn = , n = 0, 1, 2, ..., then
2n + 3 4n − 1
∞
P P∞
(A) sn is absolutely convergent (B) tn is absolutely convergent
n=0 n=0
P∞ P∞
(C) sn is conditionally convergent (D) tn is conditionally convergent
n=0 n=0

Q. 33 Let a, b ∈ R and a < b. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

(A) There exists a continuous function f : [a, b] → (a, b) such that f is one-one
(B) There exists a continuous function f : [a, b] → (a, b) such that f is onto
(C) There exists a continuous function f : (a, b) → [a, b] such that f is one-one
(D) There exists a continuous function f : (a, b) → [a, b] such that f is onto

MA 11 / 17
 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

Q. 34 Let V be a non-zero vector space over a field F . Let S ⊂ V be a non-empty set. Consider the
following properties of S:
(I) For any vector space W over F , any map f : S → W extends to a linear map from V to
W.
(II) For any vector space W over F and any two linear maps f, g : V → W satisfying f (s) =
g(s) for all s ∈ S, we have f (v) = g(v) for all v ∈ V .
(III) S is linearly independent.
(IV) The span of S is V.
Which of the following statement(s) is /are true?
(A) (I) implies (IV) (B) (I) implies (III)
(C) (II) implies (III) (D) (II) implies (IV)

d2 y dy
Q. 35 Let L[y] = x2 2
+ px + qy, where p, q are real constants. Let y1 (x) and y2 (x) be two
dx dx
solutions of L[y] = 0, x > 0, that satisfy y1 (x0 ) = 1, y10 (x0 ) = 0, y2 (x0 ) = 0 and y20 (x0 ) = 1
for some x0 > 0. Then,
(A) y1 (x) is not a constant multiple of y2 (x)
(B) y1 (x) is a constant multiple of y2 (x)
(C) 1, ln x are solutions of L[y] = 0 when p = 1, q = 0
(D) x, ln x are solutions of L[y] = 0 when p + q 6= 0

Q. 36 Consider the following system of linear equations

x + y + 5z = 3, x + 2y + mz = 5 and x + 2y + 4z = k.

The system is consistent if

(A) m 6= 4 (B) k 6= 5 (C) m = 4 (D) k = 5

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 JAM 2020 MATHEMATICS - MA

1 2 (n − 1)   1 1 1 
Q. 37 Let a = lim + + · · · + and b = lim + + · · · + .
n→∞ n2 n2 n2 n→∞ n + 1 n+2 n+n
Which of the following is/are true?
√ a √
(A) a > b (B) a < b (C) ab = ln 2 (D) = ln 2
b

Q. 38 Let S be that part of the surface of the paraboloid z = 16 − x2 − y 2 which is above the plane
z = 0 and D be its projection on the xy-plane. Then the area of S equals

RR p RR p
(A) 1 + 4(x2 + y 2 ) dxdy (B) 1 + 2(x2 + y 2 ) dxdy
D D
R2π R4 √ R2π R4 √
(C) 1 + 4r2 drdθ (D) 1 + 4r2 rdrdθ
0 0 0 0

Q. 39 Let f be a real valued function of a real variable, such that |f (n) (0)| ≤ K for all n ∈ N, where
K > 0. Which of the following is/are true?
1
f (n) (0) n

(A) → 0 as n → ∞
n!
1
f (n) (0) n

(B) → ∞ as n → ∞
n!
(C) f (n) (x) exists for all x ∈ R and for all n ∈ N
P∞ f (n) (0)
(D) The series is absolutely convergent
n=1 (n − 1)!

Q. 40 Let G be a group with identity e. Let H be an abelian non-trivial proper subgroup of G with
the property that H ∩ gHg −1 = {e} for all g ∈
/ H.

If K = g ∈ G : gh = hg for all h ∈ H , then
(A) K is a proper subgroup of H
(B) H is a proper subgroup of K
(C) K = H
(D) there exists no abelian subgroup L ⊆ G such that K is a proper subgroup of L

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SECTION – C
NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE (NAT)

Q. 41 – Q. 50 carry one mark each.

1
Q. 41 Let xn = n n and yn = e1−xn , n ∈ N. Then the value of lim yn is .
n→∞

→
Q. 42 Let F = xî + y ĵ + z k̂ and S be the sphere given by (x − 2)2 + (y − 2)2 + (z − 2)2 = 4. If n̂
is the unit outward normal to S, then
ZZ →
1
F · n̂ dS
π
S

is .

Q. 43 Let f : R → R be such that f, f 0 , f 00 are continuous functions with f > 0, f 0 > 0 and f 00 > 0.
Then
f (x) + f 0 (x)
lim
x→−∞ 2
is .

 
1 1
Q. 44 Let S = : n ∈ N and f : S → R be defined by f (x) = . Then
n x
   
1 1
max δ : x − < δ =⇒ f (x) − f <1
3 3

is . (rounded off to two decimal places)

df
Q. 45 Let f (x, y) = ex sin y, x = t3 + 1 and y = t4 + t. Then at t = 0 is . (rounded off
dt
to two decimal places)

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Q. 46 Consider the differential equation

dy
+ 10y = f (x), x > 0,
dx
where f (x) is a continuous function such that lim f (x) = 1. Then the value of
x→∞

lim y(x)
x→∞

is .

R1 R2 2
Q. 47 If ex dxdy = k(e4 − 1), then k equals .
0 2y

Q. 48 Let f (x, y) = 0 be a solution of the homogeneous differential equation

(2x + 5y)dx − (x + 3y)dy = 0.

If f (x + α, y − 3) = 0 is a solution of the differential equation

(2x + 5y − 1)dx + (2 − x − 3y)dy = 0,

then the value of α is .

n
ai xi : ai ∈ R and 0 ≤ n ≤ 2020}. Let W be the
P
Q. 49 Consider the real vector space P2020 = {
i=0
subspace given by
( n )
X
W = ai xi ∈ P2020 : ai = 0 for all odd i .
i=0

Then, the dimension of W is .

Q. 50 Let φ : S3 → S 1 be a non-trivial non-injective group homomorphism. Then, the number of

elements in the kernel of φ is .

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Q. 51 – Q. 60 carry two marks each.

1 1 1
Q. 51 The sum of the series + + + · · · is .
2(22 2 2
− 1) 3(3 − 1) 4(4 − 1)

3
Q. 52 Consider the expansion of the function f (x) = in powers of x, that is valid in
(1 − x)(1 + 2x)
1
|x| < . Then the coefficient of x4 is .
2

Q. 53 The minimum value of the function f (x, y) = x2 + xy + y 2 − 3x − 6y + 11 is .

√
Q. 54 Let f (x) = x + αx, x > 0 and

g(x) = a0 + a1 (x − 1) + a2 (x − 1)2

be the sum of the first three terms of the Taylor series of f (x) around x = 1. If g(3) = 3, then
α is .

Q. 55 Let C be the boundary of the square with vertices (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1) and (0, 1) oriented in the
counter clockwise sense. Then, the value of the line integral
I
x2 y 2 dx + (x2 − y 2 )dy
C

is . (rounded off to two decimal places)

Q. 56 Let f : R → R be a differentiable function with f 0 (x) = f (x) for all x. Suppose that f (αx)
and f (βx) are two non-zero solutions of the differential equation

d2 y dy
4 − p + 3y = 0
dx2 dx
satisfying
f (αx)f (βx) = f (2x) and f (αx)f (−βx) = f (x).
Then, the value of p is .

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Q. 57 If x2 + xy 2 = c, where c ∈ R, is the general solution of the exact differential equation

M (x, y) dx + 2xy dy = 0,

then M (1, 1) is .

 
9 2 7 1
0 7 2 1  
3
Q. 58 Let M =  . Then, the value of det (8I − M ) is .
 

0 0 11 6
0 0 −5 0

Q. 59 Let T : R7 → R7 be a linear transformation with Nullity(T ) = 2. Then, the minimum possible

value for Rank(T 2 ) is .

Q. 60 Suppose that G is a group of order 57 which is NOT cyclic. If G contains a unique subgroup
H of order 19, then for any g ∈
/ H, o(g) is .

END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

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N = {1, 2, . . .}.

Z = {. . . , −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, . . .}.

Q = the set of rational numbers.

R = the set of real numbers.

Rn = the n-dimensional real space with the Euclidean topology.

C = the set of complex numbers.

Cn = the n-dimensional complex space with the Euclidean topology.

Mn (R), Mn (C) = the vector space of n × n real or complex matrices, respectively.

f 0 , f 00 = the first and second derivatives of the function f , respectively.

f (n) = the nth. derivative of the function f .

R
C
stands for the line integral over the curve C.

In = the n × n identity matrix.

A−1 = the inverse of an invertible matrix A.

Sn = the permutation group on n symbols.

î = (1, 0, 0), ĵ = (0, 1, 0) and k̂ = (0, 0, 1).

ln x = the natural logarithm of x (to the base e).

|X| = the number of elements in a finite set X.

Zn = the additive group of integers modulo n.

arctan(x) denotes the unique θ ∈ (−π/2, π/2) such that tan θ = x.

All vector spaces are over the real or complex field, unless otherwise stated.

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SECTION – A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)

Q. 1 – Q. 10 carry one mark each.

Q. 1 Let 0 < α < 1 be a real number. The number of differentiable functions y : [0, 1] → [0, ∞),
having continuous derivative on [0, 1] and satisfying

y 0 (t) = (y(t))α , t ∈ [0, 1],

y(0) = 0,

is
(A) exactly one. (B) exactly two.
(C) finite but more than two. (D) infinite.

Q. 2 Let P : R → R be a continuous function such that P (x) > 0 for all x ∈ R. Let y be a twice
differentiable function on R satisfying y 00 (x) + P (x)y 0 (x) − y(x) = 0 for all x ∈ R. Suppose
that there exist two real numbers a, b (a < b) such that y(a) = y(b) = 0. Then
(A) y(x) = 0 for all x ∈ [a, b]. (B) y(x) > 0 for all x ∈ (a, b).
(C) y(x) < 0 for all x ∈ (a, b). (D) y(x) changes sign on (a, b).

Q. 3 Let f : R → R be a continuous function satisfying f (x) = f (x + 1) for all x ∈ R. Then

(A) f is not necessarily bounded above.
(B) there exists a unique x0 ∈ R such that f (x0 + π) = f (x0 ).
(C) there is no x0 ∈ R such that f (x0 + π) = f (x0 ).
(D) there exist infinitely many x0 ∈ R such that f (x0 + π) = f (x0 ).

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Q. 4 Let f : R → R be a continuous function such that for all x ∈ R,

Z 1
f (xt) dt = 0. (∗)
0

Then

(A) f must be identically 0 on the whole of R.

(B) there is an f satisfying (∗) that is identically 0 on (0, 1) but not identically 0 on the whole
of R.
(C) there is an f satisfying (∗) that takes both positive and negative values.
(D) there is an f satisfying (∗) that is 0 at infinitely many points, but is not identically zero.

Q. 5 Let p and t be positive real numbers. Let Dt be the closed disc of radius t centered at (0, 0),
i.e., Dt = {(x, y) ∈ R2 : x2 + y 2 ≤ t2 }. Define
ZZ
dxdy
I(p, t) = 2 2 2 p
.
Dt (p + x + y )

Then limt→∞ I(p, t) is finite

(A) only if p > 1. (B) only if p = 1.
(C) only if p < 1. (D) for no value of p.

Q. 6 How many elements of the group Z50 have order 10?

(A) 10 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 8

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Q. 7 For every n ∈ N, let fn : R → R be a function. From the given choices, pick the statement
that is the negation of
“For every x ∈ R and for every real number  > 0, there exists an integer N > 0 such that
Pp
i=1 |fN +i (x)| <  for every integer p > 0.”

(A) For every x ∈ R and for every real number  > 0, there does not exist any integer N > 0
such that pi=1 |fN +i (x)| <  for every integer p > 0.
P

(B) For every x ∈ R and for every real number  > 0, there exists an integer N > 0 such that
Pp
i=1 |fN +i (x)| ≥  for some integer p > 0.

(C) There exists x ∈ R and there exists a real number  > 0 such that for every integer N > 0,
there exists an integer p > 0 for which the inequality pi=1 |fN +i (x)| ≥  holds.
P

(D) There exists x ∈ R and there exists a real number  > 0 such that for every integer N > 0
and for every integer p > 0 the inequality pi=1 |fN +i (x)| ≥  holds.
P

Q. 8 Which one of the following subsets of R has a non-empty interior?

(A) The set of all irrational numbers in R.
(B) The set {a ∈ R : sin(a) = 1}.
(C) The set {b ∈ R : x2 + bx + 1 = 0 has distinct roots}.
(D) The set of all rational numbers in R.

Q. 9 For an integer k ≥ 0, let Pk denote the vector space of all real polynomials in one variable of
degree less than or equal to k. Define a linear transformation T : P2 −→ P3 by

T f (x) = f 00 (x) + xf (x).

Which one of the following polynomials is not in the range of T ?

(A) x + x2 (B) x2 + x3 + 2 (C) x + x3 + 2 (D) x + 1

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Q. 10 Let n > 1 be an integer. Consider the following two statements for an arbitrary n × n matrix
A with complex entries.

I. If Ak = In for some integer k ≥ 1, then all the eigenvalues of A are k th roots of unity.
II. If, for some integer k ≥ 1, all the eigenvalues of A are k th roots of unity, then Ak = In .

Then
(A) both I and II are TRUE. (B) I is TRUE but II is FALSE.
(C) I is FALSE but II is TRUE. (D) neither I nor II is TRUE.

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Q. 11 – Q. 30 carry two marks each.

Q. 11 Let Mn (R) be the real vector space of all n × n matrices with real entries, n ≥ 2.
Let A ∈ Mn (R). Consider the subspace W of Mn (R) spanned by {In , A, A2 , . . .}. Then the
dimension of W over R is necessarily
(A) ∞. (B) n2 . (C) n. (D) at most n.

Q. 12 Let y be the solution of

1
(1 + x)y 00 (x) + y 0 (x) − y(x) = 0, x ∈ (−1, ∞),
1+x
y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 0.
Then
(A) y is bounded on (0, ∞). (B) y is bounded on (−1, 0].
(C) y(x) ≥ 2 on (−1, ∞). (D) y attains its minimum at x = 0.

Q. 13 Consider the surface S = {(x, y, xy) ∈ R3 : x2 + y 2 ≤ 1}. Let F~ = y î + xĵ + k̂. If n̂ is the
continuous unit normal field to the surface S with positive z-component, then
ZZ
F~ · n̂ dS
S
equals
(A) π4 . (B) π2 . (C) π. (D) 2π.

Q. 14 Consider the following statements.

I. The group (Q, +) has no proper subgroup of finite index.

II. The group (C \ {0}, ·) has no proper subgroup of finite index.

Which one of the following statements is true?

(A) Both I and II are TRUE. (B) I is TRUE but II is FALSE.
(C) II is TRUE but I is FALSE. (D) Neither I nor II is TRUE.

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Q. 15 Let f : N → N be a bijective map such that

∞
X f (n)
< +∞.
n=1
n2

The number of such bijective maps is

(A) exactly one. (B) zero.
(C) finite but more than one. (D) infinite.

Q. 16 Define  1  1  1
S = lim 1 − 2 1 − 2 · · · 1 − 2 .
n→∞ 2 3 n
Then
(A) S = 1/2. (B) S = 1/4. (C) S = 1. (D) S = 3/4.

Q. 17 Let f : R → R be an infinitely differentiable function such that for all a, b ∈ R with a < b,

f (b) − f (a) 0 a+b

 
=f .
b−a 2
Then
(A) f must be a polynomial of degree less than or equal to 2.
(B) f must be a polynomial of degree greater than 2.
(C) f is not a polynomial.
(D) f must be a linear polynomial.

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Q. 18 Consider the function

(
1 if x ∈ (R \ Q) ∪ {0},
f (x) = 1
1− p
if x = np , n ∈ Z \ {0}, p ∈ N and gcd(n, p) = 1.

Then
(A) all x ∈ Q \ {0} are strict local minima for f .
(B) f is continuous at all x ∈ Q.
(C) f is not continuous at all x ∈ R \ Q.
(D) f is not continuous at x = 0.

Q. 19 Consider the family of curves x2 − y 2 = ky with parameter k ∈ R. The equation of the

orthogonal trajectory to this family passing through (1, 1) is given by
(A) x3 + 3xy 2 = 4. (B) x2 + 2xy = 3.
(C) y 2 + 2x2 y = 3. (D) x3 + 2xy 2 = 3.

Q. 20 Which one of the following statements is true?

(A) Exactly half of the elements in any even order subgroup of S5 must be even permutations.
(B) Any abelian subgroup of S5 is trivial.
(C) There exists a cyclic subgroup of S5 of order 6.
(D) There exists a normal subgroup of S5 of index 7.

Q. 21 Let f : [0, 1] → [0, ∞) be a continuous function such that

Z t

2
f (t) < 1 + 2 f (s) ds, for all t ∈ [0, 1].
0

Then
(A) f (t) < 1 + t for all t ∈ [0, 1]. (B) f (t) > 1 + t for all t ∈ [0, 1].
t
(C) f (t) = 1 + t for all t ∈ [0, 1]. (D) f (t) < 1 + 2
for all t ∈ [0, 1].

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!
X11 X12
Q. 22 Let A be an n×n invertible matrix and C be an n×n nilpotent matrix. If X =
X21 X22
is a 2n ×!2n matrix (each Xij being n × n) that commutes with the 2n × 2n matrix B =
A 0
, then
0 C

(A) X11 and X22 are necessarily zero matrices.

(B) X12 and X21 are necessarily zero matrices.
(C) X11 and X21 are necessarily zero matrices.
(D) X12 and X22 are necessarily zero matrices.

Q. 23 Let D ⊆ R2 be defined by D = R2 \ {(x, 0) : x ∈ R}. Consider the function f : D → R

defined by
1
f (x, y) = x sin .
y
Then

(A) f is a discontinuous function on D.

(B) f is a continuous function on D and cannot be extended continuously to any point outside
D.
(C) f is a continuous function on D and can be extended continuously to D ∪ {(0, 0)}.
(D) f is a continuous function on D and can be extended continuously to the whole of R2 .

Q. 24 Which one of the following statements is true?

(A) (Z, +) is isomorphic to (R, +).

(B) (Z, +) is isomorphic to (Q, +).
(C) (Q/Z, +) is isomorphic to (Q/2Z, +).
(D) (Q/Z, +) is isomorphic to (Q, +).

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Q. 25 Let y be a twice differentiable function on R satisfying

y 00 (x) = 2 + e−|x| , x ∈ R,
y(0) = −1, y 0 (0) = 0.

Then
(A) y = 0 has exactly one root.
(B) y = 0 has exactly two roots.
(C) y = 0 has more than two roots.
(D) there exists an x0 ∈ R such that y(x0 ) ≥ y(x) for all x ∈ R.

Q. 26 Let f : [0, 1] → [0, 1] be a non-constant continuous function such that f ◦ f = f . Define

Ef = {x ∈ [0, 1] : f (x) = x}.

Then
(A) Ef is neither open nor closed. (B) Ef is an interval.
(C) Ef is empty. (D) Ef need not be an interval.

Q. 27 Let g be an element of S7 such that g commutes with the element (2, 6, 4, 3). The number of
such g is
(A) 6. (B) 4. (C) 24. (D) 48.

Q. 28 Let G be a finite abelian group of odd order. Consider the following two statements:

I. The map f : G → G defined by f (g) = g 2 is a group isomorphism.

Q
II. The product g∈G g = e.

(A) Both I and II are TRUE. (B) I is TRUE but II is FALSE.

(C) II is TRUE but I is FALSE. (D) Neither I nor II is TRUE.

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Q. 29 Let n ≥ 2 be an integer. Let A : Cn −→ Cn be the linear transformation defined by

A(z1 , z2 , . . . , zn ) = (zn , z1 , z2 , . . . , zn−1 ).

Which one of the following statements is true for every n ≥ 2?

(A) A is nilpotent. (B) All eigenvalues of A are of modulus 1.

(C) Every eigenvalue of A is either 0 or 1. (D) A is singular.

Q. 30 Consider the two series

∞ ∞
X 1 X 1
I. and II. .
n=1
n1+(1/n) n=1
n2−n1/n

Which one of the following holds?

(A) Both I and II converge. (B) Both I and II diverge.

(C) I converges and II diverges. (D) I diverges and II converges.

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SECTION – B
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTIONS (MSQ)

Q. 31 – Q. 40 carry two marks each.

Q. 31 Let f : R → R be a function with the property that for every y ∈ R, the value of the expression

sup [xy − f (x)]

x∈R

is finite. Define g(y) = supx∈R [xy − f (x)] for y ∈ R. Then

f (x)
(A) g is even if f is even. (B) f must satisfy lim = +∞.
|x|→∞ |x|

f (x)
(C) g is odd if f is even. (D) f must satisfy lim = −∞.
|x|→∞ |x|

Q. 32 Consider the equation

x2021 + x2020 + · · · + x − 1 = 0.
Then
(A) all real roots are positive. (B) exactly one real root is positive.
(C) exactly one real root is negative. (D) no real root is positive.

Q. 33 Let D = R2 \ {(0, 0)}. Consider the two functions u, v : D → R defined by

u(x, y) = x2 − y 2 and v(x, y) = xy.

Consider the gradients ∇u and ∇v of the functions u and v, respectively. Then

(A) ∇u and ∇v are parallel at each point (x, y) of D.

(B) ∇u and ∇v are perpendicular at each point (x, y) of D.
(C) ∇u and ∇v do not exist at some points (x, y) of D.
(D) ∇u and ∇v at each point (x, y) of D span R2 .

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Q. 34 Consider the two functions f (x, y) = x + y and g(x, y) = xy − 16 defined on R2 . Then

(A) the function f has no global extreme value subject to the condition g = 0.
(B) the function f attains global extreme values at (4, 4) and (−4, −4) subject to the condition
g = 0.
(C) the function g has no global extreme value subject to the condition f = 0.
(D) the function g has a global extreme value at (0, 0) subject to the condition f = 0.

Q. 35 Let f : (a, b) → R be a differentiable function on (a, b). Which of the following statements
is/are true?

(A) f 0 > 0 in (a, b) implies that f is increasing in (a, b).

(B) f is increasing in (a, b) implies that f 0 > 0 in (a, b).
(C) If f 0 (x0 ) > 0 for some x0 ∈ (a, b), then there exists a δ > 0 such that f (x) > f (x0 ) for
all x ∈ (x0 , x0 + δ).
(D) If f 0 (x0 ) > 0 for some x0 ∈ (a, b), then f is increasing in a neighbourhood of x0 .

Q. 36 Let G be a finite group of order 28. Assume that G contains a subgroup of order 7. Which of
the following statements is/are true?
(A) G contains a unique subgroup of order 7.
(B) G contains a normal subgroup of order 7.
(C) G contains no normal subgroup of order 7.
(D) G contains at least two subgroups of order 7.

Q. 37 Which of the following subsets of R is/are connected?

(A) The set {x ∈ R : x is irrational}. (B) The set {x ∈ R : x3 − 1 ≥ 0}.
(C) The set {x ∈ R : x3 + x + 1 ≥ 0}. (D) The set {x ∈ R : x3 − 2x + 1 ≥ 0}.

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Q. 38 Consider the four functions from R to R:

f1 (x) = x4 + 3x3 + 7x + 1, f2 (x) = x3 + 3x2 + 4x, f3 (x) = arctan(x)

and (
x if x ∈
/ Z,
f4 (x) =
0 if x ∈ Z.

Which of the following subsets of R are open?

(A) The range of f1 . (B) The range of f2 .
(C) The range of f3 . (D) The range of f4 .

Q. 39 Let V be a finite dimensional vector space and T : V → V be a linear transformation. Let

R(T ) denote the range of T and N (T ) denote the null space {v ∈ V : T v = 0} of T . If
rank(T ) = rank(T 2 ), then which of the following is/are necessarily true?
(A) N (T ) = N (T 2 ). (B) R(T ) = R(T 2 ).
(C) N (T )∩ R(T ) = {0}. (D) N (T ) = {0}.

Q. 40 Let m > 1 and n > 1 be integers. Let A be an m × n matrix such that for some m × 1 matrix
b1 , the equation Ax = b1 has infinitely many solutions. Let b2 denote an m × 1 matrix different
from b1 . Then Ax = b2 has
(A) infinitely many solutions for some b2 . (B) a unique solution for some b2 .
(C) no solution for some b2 . (D) finitely many solutions for some b2 .

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SECTION – C
NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE (NAT)

Q. 41 – Q. 50 carry one mark each.

Q. 41 The number of cycles of length 4 in S6 is .

Q. 42 The value of
  n1
n n n
lim 3 +5 +7
n→∞
is .

Q. 43 Let B = {(x, y, z) ∈ R3 : x2 + y 2 + z 2 ≤ 1} and define u(x, y, z) = sin (1 − x2 − y 2 − z 2 )2
for (x, y, z) ∈ B. Then the value of
ZZZ  2
∂ u ∂ 2u ∂ 2u

+ + dxdydz
B ∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂z 2
is .

Q. 44 Consider the subset S = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 > 0} of R2 . Let

y x
P (x, y) = 2 2
and Q(x, y) = − 2
x +y x + y2
for (x, y) ∈ S. If C denotes the unit circle traversed in the counter-clockwise direction, then
the value of Z
1
(P dx + Qdy)
π C
is .

Q. 45 Consider the set A = {a ∈ R : x2 = a(a+1)(a+2) has a real root }. The number of connected
components of A is .

Q. 46 Let V be the real vector space of all continuous functions f : [0, 2] → R such that the restriction
of f to the interval [0, 1] is a polynomial of degree less than or equal to 2, the restriction of f
to the interval [1, 2] is a polynomial of degree less than or equal to 3 and f (0) = 0. Then the
dimension of V is equal to .

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Q. 47 The number of group homomorphisms from the group Z4 to the group S3 is .

9


Q. 48 Let y : 10
,3 → R be a differentiable function satisfying
 
dy 9
(x − 2y) + (2x + y) = 0, x ∈ ,3 , and y(1) = 1.
dx 10

Then y(2) equals .

Q. 49 Let F~ = (y + 1)ey cos(x)î + (y + 2)ey sin(x)ĵ be a vector field in R2 and C be a continuously

differentiable path with the starting point (0, 1) and the end point ( π2 , 0). Then
Z
F~ · d~r
C

equals .

Q. 50 The value of
π π  π   π 
lim cos cos · · · cos n+1
2 n→∞ 4 8 2
is .

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Q. 51 – Q. 60 carry two marks each.

Q. 51 The number of elements of order two in the group S4 is equal to .

Q. 52 The least possible value of k, accurate up to two decimal places, for which the following
problem

y 00 (t) + 2y 0 (t) + ky(t) = 0, t ∈ R,

y(0) = 0, y(1) = 0, y(1/2) = 1,

has a solution is .

Q. 53 Consider those continuous functions f : R → R that have the property that given any x ∈ R,

f (x) ∈ Q if and only if f (x + 1) ∈ R \ Q.

The number of such functions is .

Q. 54 The largest positive number a such that

Z 5 Z 3
f (x)dx + f −1 (x)dx ≥ a
0 0

for every strictly increasing surjective continuous function f : [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) is .

Q. 55 Define the sequence 

n−2
 1 X 2j
2 if n > 0 is even,


n




 2 j=0
sn =
 n−1
1 X 2j




 2 if n > 0 is odd.
 2n

j=0
m
1 X
Define σm = sn . The number of limit points of the sequence {σm } is .
m n=1

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Q. 56 The determinant of the matrix

 
2021 2020 2020 2020
2021 2021 2020 2020
 
 
2021 2021 2021 2020
2021 2021 2021 2021
is .

Q. 57 The value of

Z 1
2
lim ex sin(nx) dx
n→∞ 0
is .

Q. 58 Let S be the surface defined by

{(x, y, z) ∈ R3 : z = 1 − x2 − y 2 , z ≥ 0}.

Let F~ = −y î + (x − 1)ĵ + z 2 k̂ and n̂ be the continuous unit normal field to the surface S with
positive z-component. Then the value of
ZZ
1
∇ × F~ · n̂ dS


π S

is .

 
2 −1 3
Q. 59 Let A =  2 −1 3 . Then the largest eigenvalue of A is .
 
3 2 −1

 
1 0 0 0
 0 1 0 0 
Q. 60 Let A =  . Consider the linear map TA from the real vector space M4 (R)
 
 0 0 −1 0 
0 0 0 −1
to itself defined by TA (X) = AX − XA, for all X ∈ M4 (R). The dimension of the range of
TA is .

END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

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Notation and Terminology

ℕ = the set of all positive integers.

ℤ = the set of all integers.

ℚ = the set of all rational numbers.

ℝ = the set of all real numbers.

ℝ𝑛 = the 𝑛-dimensional Euclidean space.

ℂ = the set of all complex numbers.

𝑀𝑛 (ℝ) = the real vector space of all 𝑛 × 𝑛 matrices with entries in ℝ.

𝑀𝑛 (ℂ) = the complex vector space of all 𝑛 × 𝑛 matrices with entries in ℂ.

gcd(𝑚, 𝑛) = the greatest common divisor of the integers 𝑚 and 𝑛.

𝑀⊤ = the transpose of the matrix 𝑀.

𝐴 − 𝐵 = the complement of the set 𝐵 in the set 𝐴, that is, {𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∶ 𝑥 ∉ 𝐵}.

ln 𝑥 = the natural logarithm of 𝑥 (to the base 𝑒).

|𝑥| = the absolute value of 𝑥.

𝑦 ′ , 𝑦 ′′ , 𝑦 ′′′ = the first, second and the third derivatives of the function 𝑦, respectively.

𝑆𝑛 = the symmetric group consisting of all permutations of {1,2, … , 𝑛}.

ℤ𝑛 = the additive group of integers modulo 𝑛.

𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 is the composite function defined by (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)).

The phrase ‘real vector space’ refers to a vector space over ℝ.

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Section A: Q.1 – Q.10 carry ONE mark each.

Q.1 1 1
Consider the 2 × 2 matrix 𝑀 = ( ) ∈ 𝑀2 (ℝ). If the eighth power of 𝑀
1 0
1 𝑥
satisfies 𝑀8 ( ) = (𝑦), then the value of 𝑥 is
0

(A) 21

(B) 22

(C) 34

(D) 35

Q.2 1 1 1 0 0 0
The rank of the 4 × 6 matrix (1 0 0 1 1 0) with entries in ℝ, is
0 1 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 1 1

(A) 1

(B) 2

(C) 3

(D) 4

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Q.3 Let 𝑉 be the real vector space consisting of all polynomials in one variable with
real coefficients and having degree at most 6, together with the zero polynomial.
Then which one of the following is true?

(A) {𝑓 ∈ 𝑉 ∶ 𝑓(1⁄2) ∉ ℚ} is a subspace of 𝑉.

(B) {𝑓 ∈ 𝑉 ∶ 𝑓(1⁄2) = 1} is a subspace of 𝑉.

(C) {𝑓 ∈ 𝑉 ∶ 𝑓(1⁄2) = 𝑓(1)} is a subspace of 𝑉.

(D) {𝑓 ∈ 𝑉 ∶ 𝑓′(1⁄2) = 1} is a subspace of 𝑉.

Q.4 Let 𝐺 be a group of order 2022. Let 𝐻 and 𝐾 be subgroups of 𝐺 of order 337 and
674, respectively. If 𝐻 ∪ 𝐾 is also a subgroup of 𝐺, then which one of the
following is FALSE?

(A) 𝐻 is a normal subgroup of 𝐻 ∪ 𝐾.

(B) The order of 𝐻 ∪ 𝐾 is 1011.

(C) The order of 𝐻 ∪ 𝐾 is 674.

(D) 𝐾 is a normal subgroup of 𝐻 ∪ 𝐾.

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Q.5 The radius of convergence of the power series

∞
𝑛3 5𝑛
∑ ( 𝑛) 𝑥
4
𝑛=1

is

(A) 4

5
(B) √4

(C) 1
4

(D) 1
5
√4

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Q.6 Let (𝑥𝑛 ) and (𝑦𝑛 ) be sequences of real numbers defined by

1 𝑥𝑛 + 𝑦𝑛
𝑥1 = 1, 𝑦1 = , 𝑥𝑛+1 = , and 𝑦𝑛+1 = √𝑥𝑛 𝑦𝑛 for all 𝑛 ∈ ℕ.
2 2

Then which one of the following is true?

(A) (𝑥𝑛 ) is convergent, but (𝑦𝑛 ) is not convergent.

(B) (𝑥𝑛 ) is not convergent, but (𝑦𝑛 ) is convergent.

(C) Both (𝑥𝑛 ) and (𝑦𝑛 ) are convergent and lim 𝑥𝑛 > lim 𝑦𝑛 .
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞

(D) Both (𝑥𝑛 ) and (𝑦𝑛 ) are convergent and lim 𝑥𝑛 = lim 𝑦𝑛 .
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞

Q.7 Suppose
3𝑛 + 3 1
𝑎𝑛 = and 𝑏𝑛 = 1 for 𝑛 = 2,3,4, … .
5𝑛 − 5 (1 + 𝑛2 )4
Then which one of the following is true?

(A) Both ∑∞ ∞
𝑛=2 𝑎𝑛 and ∑𝑛=2 𝑏𝑛 are convergent.

(B) Both ∑∞ ∞
𝑛=2 𝑎𝑛 and ∑𝑛=2 𝑏𝑛 are divergent.

(C) ∑∞ ∞
𝑛=2 𝑎𝑛 is convergent and ∑𝑛=2 𝑏𝑛 is divergent.

(D) ∑∞ ∞
𝑛=2 𝑎𝑛 is divergent and ∑𝑛=2 𝑏𝑛 is convergent.

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Q.8 Consider the series

∞
1
∑ 1
𝑚
𝑛=1 𝑛 (1 + 𝑛𝑝 )

where 𝑚 and 𝑝 are real numbers.

Under which of the following conditions does the above series converge?

(A) 𝑚 > 1.

(B) 0 < 𝑚 < 1 and 𝑝 > 1.

(C) 0 < 𝑚 ≤ 1 and 0 ≤ 𝑝 ≤ 1.

(D) 𝑚 = 1 and 𝑝 > 1.

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Q.9 Let 𝑐 be a positive real number and let 𝑢: ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by

𝑥+𝑐𝑡
1 2
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑡) = ∫ 𝑒 𝑠 𝑑𝑠 for (𝑥, 𝑡) ∈ ℝ2 .
2𝑐
𝑥−𝑐𝑡

Then which one of the following is true?

(A) 𝜕 2𝑢 2
𝜕 2𝑢
= 𝑐 on ℝ2 .
𝜕𝑡 2 𝜕𝑥 2

(B) 𝜕𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢
= 𝑐2 2 on ℝ2 .
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥

(C) 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
= 0 on ℝ2 .
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥

(D) 𝜕 2𝑢
= 0 on ℝ2 .
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥

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Q.10 𝜋 𝜋
Let 𝜃 ∈ ( 4 , 2 ). Consider the functions

𝑢 ∶ ℝ2 − {(0, 0)} → ℝ and 𝑣 ∶ ℝ2 − {(0, 0)} → ℝ

given by

𝑥 𝑦
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 − and 𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑦 + .
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 𝑥2 + 𝑦2

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
The value of the determinant |𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣
| at the point (cos 𝜃, sin 𝜃) is equal to
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

(A) 4 sin 𝜃.

(B) 4 cos 𝜃.

(C) 4 sin2 𝜃.

(D) 4 cos 2 𝜃.

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Section A: Q.11 – Q.30 Carry TWO marks each.

Q.11 Consider the open rectangle 𝐺 = {(𝑠, 𝑡) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ 0 < 𝑠 < 1 and 0 < 𝑡 < 1} and
the map 𝑇: 𝐺 → ℝ2 given by

𝜋𝑠(1 − 𝑡) 𝜋(1 − 𝑠)
𝑇(𝑠, 𝑡) = ( , ) for (𝑠, 𝑡) ∈ 𝐺 .
2 2

Then the area of the image 𝑇(𝐺) of the map 𝑇 is equal to

(A) 𝜋
4

(B) 𝜋2
4

(C) 𝜋2
8

(D) 1

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Q.12 Let 𝑇 denote the sum of the convergent series

1 1 1 1 1 (−1)𝑛+1
1− + − + − +⋯+ +⋯
2 3 4 5 6 𝑛
and let 𝑆 denote the sum of the convergent series
∞
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1− − + − − + − − + ⋯ = ∑ 𝑎𝑛 ,
2 4 3 6 8 5 10 12
𝑛=1

where

1 −1 −1
𝑎3𝑚−2 = , 𝑎3𝑚−1 = and 𝑎3𝑚 = for 𝑚 ∈ ℕ.
2𝑚 − 1 4𝑚 − 2 4𝑚

Then which one of the following is true?

(A) 𝑇 = 𝑆 and 𝑆 ≠ 0.

(B) 2𝑇 = 𝑆 and 𝑆 ≠ 0.

(C) 𝑇 = 2𝑆 and 𝑆 ≠ 0.

(D) 𝑇 = 𝑆 = 0.

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Q.13 Let 𝑢: ℝ → ℝ be a twice continuously differentiable function such that 𝑢(0) > 0
and 𝑢′ (0) > 0. Suppose 𝑢 satisfies
𝑢(𝑥)
𝑢′′ (𝑥) = for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
1 + 𝑥2
Consider the following two statements:
I. The function 𝑢𝑢′ is monotonically increasing on [0, ∞).
II. The function 𝑢 is monotonically increasing on [0, ∞).
Then which one of the following is correct?

(A) Both I and II are false.

(B) Both I and II are true.

(C) I is false, but II is true.

(D) I is true, but II is false.

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Q.14 The value of

𝑛
√ 𝑛 + 1 − √𝑛
lim ∑
𝑛→∞ 𝑘(ln 𝑘)2
𝑘=2

is equal to

(A) ∞

(B) 1

(C) 𝑒

(D) 0

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Q.15 For 𝑡 ∈ ℝ, let [𝑡] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to 𝑡. Define
functions ℎ: ℝ2 → ℝ and 𝑔: ℝ → ℝ by

−1 sin 𝑥
if 𝑥 2 ≠ 𝑦, if 𝑥 ≠ 0,
𝑥 2 −𝑦 𝑥
ℎ(𝑥, 𝑦) = { and 𝑔(𝑥) = {
0 if 𝑥 2 = 𝑦 0 if 𝑥 = 0.

Then which one of the following is FALSE?

(A) 𝑥 2𝑦 −1
lim cos ( 2 )= .
(𝑥,𝑦)→(√2,𝜋) 𝑥 +1 2

(B) lim 𝑒 ℎ(𝑥,𝑦) = 0.

(𝑥,𝑦)→(√2,2)

(C) lim ln(𝑥 𝑦−[𝑦] ) = 𝑒 − 2.

(𝑥,𝑦)→(𝑒,𝑒)

(D) lim 𝑒 2𝑦 𝑔(𝑥) = 1.

(𝑥,𝑦)→(0,0)

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Q.16 Let 𝑃 ∈ 𝑀4 (ℝ) be such that 𝑃4 is the zero matrix, but 𝑃3 is a nonzero matrix.
Then which one of the following is FALSE?

(A) For every nonzero vector 𝑣 ∈ ℝ4 , the subset {𝑣, 𝑃𝑣, 𝑃2 𝑣, 𝑃3 𝑣} of the real vector
space ℝ4 is linearly independent.

(B) The rank of 𝑃𝑘 is 4 − 𝑘 for every 𝑘 ∈ {1,2,3,4}.

(C) 0 is an eigenvalue of 𝑃.

(D) If 𝑄 ∈ 𝑀4 (ℝ) is such that 𝑄 4 is the zero matrix, but 𝑄 3 is a nonzero matrix, then
there exists a nonsingular matrix 𝑆 ∈ 𝑀4 (ℝ) such that 𝑆 −1 𝑄𝑆 = 𝑃.

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Q.17 For 𝑋, 𝑌 ∈ 𝑀2 (ℝ), define (𝑋, 𝑌) = 𝑋𝑌 − 𝑌𝑋. Let 𝟎 ∈ 𝑀2 (ℝ) denote the zero
matrix. Consider the two statements:

𝑃 ∶ (𝑋, (𝑌, 𝑍)) + (𝑌, (𝑍, 𝑋)) + (𝑍, (𝑋, 𝑌)) = 𝟎 for all 𝑋, 𝑌, 𝑍 ∈ 𝑀2 (ℝ).

𝑄 ∶ (𝑋, (𝑌, 𝑍)) = ((𝑋, 𝑌), 𝑍) for all 𝑋, 𝑌, 𝑍 ∈ 𝑀2 (ℝ).

Then which one of the following is correct?

(A) Both 𝑃 and 𝑄 are true.

(B) 𝑃 is true, but 𝑄 is false.

(C) 𝑃 is false, but 𝑄 is true.

(D) Both 𝑃 and 𝑄 are false.

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Q.18 Consider the system of linear equations

𝑥+𝑦+𝑡 = 4,
2𝑥 − 4𝑡 = 7,
𝑥+𝑦+𝑧 = 5,
𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 𝑧 − 10𝑡 = 𝜆,

where 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧, 𝑡 are variables and 𝜆 is a constant. Then which one of the following
is true?

(A) If 𝜆 = 1, then the system has a unique solution.

(B) If 𝜆 = 2, then the system has infinitely many solutions.

(C) If 𝜆 = 1, then the system has infinitely many solutions.

(D) If 𝜆 = 2, then the system has a unique solution.

Q.19 Consider the group (ℚ, +) and its subgroup (ℤ, +).

For the quotient group ℚ/ℤ, which one of the following is FALSE?

(A) ℚ/ℤ contains a subgroup isomorphic to (ℤ, +).

(B) There is exactly one group homomorphism from ℚ/ℤ to (ℚ, +).

(C) For all 𝑛 ∈ ℕ, there exists 𝑔 ∈ ℚ/ℤ such that the order of 𝑔 is 𝑛.

(D) ℚ/ℤ is not a cyclic group.

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Q.20 For 𝑃 ∈ 𝑀5 (ℝ) and 𝑖, 𝑗 ∈ {1,2, … ,5}, let 𝑝𝑖𝑗 denote the (𝑖, 𝑗)th entry of 𝑃. Let

𝑆 = {𝑃 ∈ 𝑀5 (ℝ) ∶ 𝑝𝑖𝑗 = 𝑝𝑟𝑠 for 𝑖, 𝑗, 𝑟, 𝑠 ∈ {1,2, … ,5} with 𝑖 + 𝑟 = 𝑗 + 𝑠}.

Then which one of the following is FALSE?

(A) 𝑆 is a subspace of the vector space over ℝ of all 5 × 5 symmetric matrices.

(B) The dimension of 𝑆 over ℝ is 5.

(C) The dimension of 𝑆 over ℝ is 11.

(D) If 𝑃 ∈ 𝑆 and all the entries of 𝑃 are integers, then 5 divides the sum of all the
diagonal entries of 𝑃.

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Q.21 On the open interval (−𝑐, 𝑐), where 𝑐 is a positive real number, 𝑦(𝑥) is an
infinitely differentiable solution of the differential equation

𝑑𝑦
= 𝑦 2 − 1 + cos 𝑥,
𝑑𝑥

with the initial condition 𝑦(0) = 0. Then which one of the following is correct?

(A) 𝑦(𝑥) has a local maximum at the origin.

(B) 𝑦(𝑥) has a local minimum at the origin.

(C) 𝑦(𝑥) is strictly increasing on the open interval (−𝛿, 𝛿) for some positive real
number 𝛿.

(D) 𝑦(𝑥) is strictly decreasing on the open interval (−𝛿, 𝛿) for some positive real
number 𝛿.

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Q.22 1
Let 𝐻 ∶ ℝ → ℝ be the function given by 𝐻(𝑥) = (𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 ) for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
2

Let 𝑓 ∶ ℝ → ℝ be defined by

𝑓(𝑥) = ∫ 𝐻(𝑥 sin 𝜃)𝑑𝜃 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

0

Then which one of the following is true?

(A) 𝑥𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) + 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) + 𝑥𝑓(𝑥) = 0 for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

(B) 𝑥𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) − 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) + 𝑥𝑓(𝑥) = 0 for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

(C) 𝑥𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) + 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) − 𝑥𝑓(𝑥) = 0 for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

(D) 𝑥𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) − 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) − 𝑥𝑓(𝑥) = 0 for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

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Q.23 Consider the differential equation

𝑦 ′′ + 𝑎𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = sin 𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ. (∗∗)

Then which one of the following is true?

(A) If 𝑎 = 0, then all the solutions of (∗∗) are unbounded over ℝ.

(B) If 𝑎 = 1, then all the solutions of (∗∗) are unbounded over (0, ∞).

(C) If 𝑎 = 1, then all the solutions of (∗∗) tend to zero as 𝑥 → ∞.

(D) If 𝑎 = 2, then all the solutions of (∗∗) are bounded over (−∞, 0).

Q.24 For 𝑔 ∈ ℤ, let 𝑔̅ ∈ ℤ37 denote the residue class of 𝑔 modulo 37. Consider the
group 𝑈37 = {𝑔̅ ∈ ℤ37 ∶ 1 ≤ 𝑔 ≤ 37 with gcd(𝑔, 37) = 1} with respect to
multiplication modulo 37. Then which one of the following is FALSE?

(A) The set {𝑔̅ ∈ 𝑈37 ∶ 𝑔̅ = (𝑔̅ )−1 } contains exactly 2 elements.

(B) The order of the element ̅10

̅̅̅ in 𝑈37 is 36.

(C) There is exactly one group homomorphism from 𝑈37 to (ℤ, +).

(D) There is exactly one group homomorphism from 𝑈37 to (ℚ, +).

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Q.25 For some real number 𝑐 with 0 < 𝑐 < 1, let 𝜙: (1 − 𝑐, 1 + 𝑐) → (0, ∞) be a
differentiable function such that 𝜙(1) = 1 and 𝑦 = 𝜙(𝑥) is a solution of the
differential equation

(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 4𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0.

Then which one of the following is true?

(A) 2 2
(3(𝜙(𝑥)) + 𝑥 2 ) = 4𝑥.

(B) 2 2
(3(𝜙(𝑥)) − 𝑥 2 ) = 4𝑥.

(C) 2 2
(3(𝜙(𝑥)) + 𝑥 2 ) = 4𝜙(𝑥).

(D) 2 2
(3(𝜙(𝑥)) − 𝑥 2 ) = 4𝜙(𝑥).

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Q.26 ̅ denote the matrix obtained from 𝑀 by

For a 4 × 4 matrix 𝑀 ∈ 𝑀4 (ℂ), let 𝑀
replacing each entry of 𝑀 by its complex conjugate. Consider the real vector
space

̅}
𝐻 = {𝑀 ∈ 𝑀4 (ℂ) ∶ 𝑀⊤ = 𝑀

where 𝑀⊤ denotes the transpose of 𝑀. The dimension of 𝐻 as a vector space over

ℝ is equal to

(A) 6

(B) 16

(C) 15

(D) 12

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Q.27 Let 𝑎, 𝑏 be positive real numbers such that 𝑎 < 𝑏. Given that
𝑁
2 √𝜋
lim ∫ 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = ,
𝑁→∞ 2
0

the value of

𝑁
1 −𝑎𝑡 2 2
lim ∫ 2
(𝑒 − 𝑒 −𝑏𝑡 )𝑑𝑡
𝑁→∞ 𝑡
0

is equal to

(A) √𝜋(√𝑎 − √𝑏).

(B) √𝜋(√𝑎 + √𝑏).

(C) −√𝜋(√𝑎 + √𝑏).

(D) √𝜋(√𝑏 − √𝑎).

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Q.28 For −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1, if 𝑓(𝑥) is the sum of the convergent power series

𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥𝑛
𝑥 + 2 + 2 + ⋯+ 2 + ⋯
2 3 𝑛

1
then 𝑓 ( ) is equal to
2

1
(A)
2
ln(1 − 𝑡)
∫ 𝑑𝑡.
𝑡
0

1
(B)
2
ln(1 − 𝑡)
−∫ 𝑑𝑡.
𝑡
0

1
(C)
2

∫ t ln(1 + 𝑡) 𝑑𝑡.
0

1
(D)
2

∫ t ln(1 − 𝑡) 𝑑𝑡.
0

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Q.29 For 𝑛 ∈ ℕ and 𝑥 ∈ [1, ∞), let

𝜋
𝑛
𝑓𝑛 (𝑥) = ∫ (𝑥 2 + (cos 𝜃)√𝑥 2 − 1) 𝑑𝜃.
0

Then which one of the following is true?

(A) 𝑓𝑛 (𝑥) is not a polynomial in 𝑥 if 𝑛 is odd and 𝑛 ≥ 3.

(B) 𝑓𝑛 (𝑥) is not a polynomial in 𝑥 if 𝑛 is even and 𝑛 ≥ 4.

(C) 𝑓𝑛 (𝑥) is a polynomial in 𝑥 for all 𝑛 ∈ ℕ.

(D) 𝑓𝑛 (𝑥) is not a polynomial in 𝑥 for any 𝑛 ≥ 3.

Q.30 Let 𝑃 be a 3 × 3 real matrix having eigenvalues 𝜆1 = 0, 𝜆2 = 1 and 𝜆3 = −1.

1 1 1
Further, 𝑣1 = (0) , 𝑣2 = (1) and 𝑣3 = (0) are eigenvectors of the matrix 𝑃
0 0 1
corresponding to the eigenvalues 𝜆1 , 𝜆2 and 𝜆3 , respectively. Then the entry in
the first row and the third column of 𝑃 is

(A) 0

(B) 1

(C) −1

(D) 2

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Section B: Q.31 – Q.40 Carry TWO marks each.

Q.31 Let (−𝑐, 𝑐) be the largest open interval in ℝ (where 𝑐 is either a positive real
number or 𝑐 = ∞) on which the solution 𝑦(𝑥) of the differential equation

𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 1 with initial condition 𝑦(0) = 0
𝑑𝑥

exists and is unique. Then which of the following is/are true?

(A) 𝑦(𝑥) is an odd function on (−𝑐, 𝑐).

(B) 𝑦(𝑥) is an even function on (−𝑐, 𝑐).

(C) 2
(𝑦(𝑥)) has a local minimum at 0.

(D) 2
(𝑦(𝑥)) has a local maximum at 0.

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Q.32 Let 𝑆 be the set of all continuous functions 𝑓: [−1,1] → ℝ satisfying the following
three conditions:

(i) 𝑓 is infinitely differentiable on the open interval (−1,1),

(ii) the Taylor series

𝑓′′(0) 2
𝑓(0) + 𝑓 ′ (0)𝑥 + 𝑥 +⋯
2!

of 𝑓 at 0 converges to 𝑓(𝑥) for each 𝑥 ∈ (−1,1),

1
(iii) 𝑓 (𝑛) = 0 for all 𝑛 ∈ ℕ.

Then which of the following is/are true?

(A) 𝑓(0) = 0 for every 𝑓 ∈ 𝑆.

(B) 1
𝑓′ (2) = 0 for every 𝑓 ∈ 𝑆.

(C) 1
There exists 𝑓 ∈ 𝑆 such that 𝑓′ (2) ≠ 0.

(D) There exists 𝑓 ∈ 𝑆 such that 𝑓(𝑥) ≠ 0 for some 𝑥 ∈ [−1,1].

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Q.33 Define 𝑓: [0,1] → [0,1] by

1 if 𝑥 = 0,

1 𝑚
𝑓(𝑥) = if 𝑥 = for some 𝑚, 𝑛 ∈ ℕ with 𝑚 ≤ 𝑛 and gcd(𝑚, 𝑛) = 1,
𝑛 𝑛

{0 if 𝑥 ∈ [0,1] is irrational.

and define 𝑔: [0,1] → [0,1] by

0 if 𝑥 = 0,
𝑔(𝑥) = {
1 if 𝑥 ∈ (0,1].

Then which of the following is/are true?

(A) 𝑓 is Riemann integrable on [0,1].

(B) 𝑔 is Riemann integrable on [0,1].

(C) The composite function 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 is Riemann integrable on [0,1].

(D) The composite function 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 is Riemann integrable on [0,1].

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Q.34 Let 𝑆 be the set of all functions 𝑓: ℝ → ℝ satisfying

|𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑦)|𝟐 ≤ |𝑥 − 𝑦|3 for all 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ ℝ.

Then which of the following is/are true?

(A) Every function in 𝑆 is differentiable.

(B) There exists a function 𝑓 ∈ 𝑆 such that 𝑓 is differentiable, but 𝑓 is not twice
differentiable.

(C) There exists a function 𝑓 ∈ 𝑆 such that 𝑓 is twice differentiable, but 𝑓 is not
thrice differentiable.

(D) Every function in 𝑆 is infinitely differentiable.

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Q.35 A real-valued function 𝑦(𝑥) defined on ℝ is said to be periodic if there exists a

real number 𝑇 > 0 such that 𝑦(𝑥 + 𝑇) = 𝑦(𝑥) for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

Consider the differential equation

𝑑2𝑦
+ 4𝑦 = sin(𝑎𝑥), 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, (∗)
𝑑𝑥 2
where 𝑎 ∈ ℝ is a constant.

Then which of the following is/are true?

(A) All solutions of (∗) are periodic for every choice of 𝑎.

(B) All solutions of (∗) are periodic for every choice of 𝑎 ∈ ℝ − {−2, 2}.

(C) All solutions of (∗) are periodic for every choice of 𝑎 ∈ ℚ − {−2, 2}.

(D) If 𝑎 ∈ ℝ − ℚ, then there is a unique periodic solution of (∗).

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Q.36 Let 𝑀 be a positive real number and let 𝑢, 𝑣 ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be continuous functions

satisfying

√𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦)2 + 𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦)2 ≥ 𝑀√𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 for all (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ2 .

Let 𝐹: ℝ2 → ℝ2 be given by

𝐹(𝑥, 𝑦) = (𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦), 𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦)) for (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ2 .

Then which of the following is/are true?

(A) 𝐹 is injective.

(B) If 𝐾 is open in ℝ2 , then 𝐹(𝐾) is open in ℝ2 .

(C) If 𝐾 is closed in ℝ2 , then 𝐹(𝐾) is closed in ℝ2 .

(D) If 𝐸 is closed and bounded in ℝ2 , then 𝐹 −1 (𝐸) is closed and bounded in ℝ2 .

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Q.37 Let 𝐺 be a finite group of order at least two and let 𝑒 denote the identity element
of 𝐺. Let 𝜎: 𝐺 → 𝐺 be a bijective group homomorphism that satisfies the following
two conditions:

(i) If 𝜎(𝑔) = 𝑔 for some 𝑔 ∈ 𝐺, then 𝑔 = 𝑒,

(ii) (𝜎 ∘ 𝜎)(𝑔) = 𝑔 for all 𝑔 ∈ 𝐺.

Then which of the following is/are correct?

(A) For each 𝑔 ∈ 𝐺, there exists ℎ ∈ 𝐺 such that ℎ−1 𝜎(ℎ) = 𝑔.

(B) There exists 𝑥 ∈ 𝐺 such that 𝑥𝜎(𝑥) ≠ 𝑒.

(C) The map 𝜎 satisfies 𝜎(𝑥) = 𝑥 −1 for every 𝑥 ∈ 𝐺.

(D) The order of the group 𝐺 is an odd number.

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Q.38 Let (𝑥𝑛 ) be a sequence of real numbers. Consider the set

𝑃 = {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∶ 𝑥𝑛 > 𝑥𝑚 for all 𝑚 ∈ ℕ with 𝑚 > 𝑛}.

Then which of the following is/are true?

(A) If 𝑃 is finite, then (𝑥𝑛 ) has a monotonically increasing subsequence.

(B) If 𝑃 is finite, then no subsequence of (𝑥𝑛 ) is monotonically increasing.

(C) If 𝑃 is infinite, then (𝑥𝑛 ) has a monotonically decreasing subsequence.

(D) If 𝑃 is infinite, then no subsequence of (𝑥𝑛 ) is monotonically decreasing.

Q.39 Let 𝑉 be the real vector space consisting of all polynomials in one variable with
real coefficients and having degree at most 5, together with the zero polynomial.
Let 𝑇: 𝑉 → ℝ be the linear map defined by 𝑇(1) = 1 and

𝑇(𝑥(𝑥 − 1) ⋯ (𝑥 − 𝑘 + 1)) = 1 for 1 ≤ 𝑘 ≤ 5.

Then which of the following is/are true?

(A) 𝑇(𝑥 4 ) = 15.

(B) 𝑇(𝑥 3 ) = 5.

(C) 𝑇(𝑥 4 ) = 14.

(D) 𝑇(𝑥 3 ) = 3.

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Q.40 Let 𝑃 be a fixed 3 × 3 matrix with entries in ℝ. Which of the following maps
from 𝑀3 (ℝ) to 𝑀3 (ℝ) is/are linear?

(A) 𝑇1 : 𝑀3 (ℝ) → 𝑀3 (ℝ) given by 𝑇1 (𝑀) = 𝑀𝑃 − 𝑃𝑀 for 𝑀 ∈ 𝑀3 (ℝ).

(B) 𝑇2 : 𝑀3 (ℝ) → 𝑀3 (ℝ) given by 𝑇2 (𝑀) = 𝑀2 𝑃 − 𝑃2 𝑀 for 𝑀 ∈ 𝑀3 (ℝ).

(C) 𝑇3 : 𝑀3 (ℝ) → 𝑀3 (ℝ) given by 𝑇3 (𝑀) = 𝑀𝑃2 + 𝑃2 𝑀 for 𝑀 ∈ 𝑀3 (ℝ).

(D) 𝑇4 : 𝑀3 (ℝ) → 𝑀3 (ℝ) given by 𝑇4 (𝑀) = 𝑀𝑃2 − 𝑃𝑀2 for 𝑀 ∈ 𝑀3 (ℝ).

Section C: Q.41 – Q.50 Carry ONE mark each.

Q.41 The value of the limit

(14 + 24 + ⋯ + 𝑛4 ) 1 1 1 1
lim ( 5
+ ( + + ⋯+ ))
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 √𝑛 √𝑛 + 1 √𝑛 + 2 √4𝑛

is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)

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Q.42 Consider the function 𝑢: ℝ3 → ℝ given by

𝑢(𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 ) = 𝑥1 𝑥24 𝑥32 − 𝑥13 𝑥34 − 26𝑥12 𝑥22 𝑥33 .

Let 𝑐 ∈ ℝ and 𝑘 ∈ ℕ be such that

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑥1 + 2𝑥2
𝜕𝑥2 𝜕𝑥3
evaluated at the point (𝑡, 𝑡 2 , 𝑡 3 ), equals 𝑐𝑡 𝑘 for every 𝑡 ∈ ℝ. Then the value of
𝑘 is equal to _________.

Q.43 Let 𝑦(𝑥) be the solution of the differential equation

𝑑𝑦
+ 3𝑥 2 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 , for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ,
𝑑𝑥

satisfying the initial condition 𝑦(0) = 4.

Then lim 𝑦(𝑥) is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)
𝑥→∞

Q.44 The sum of the series

∞
1
∑
(4𝑛 − 3)(4𝑛 + 1)
𝑛=1

is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)

Q.45 The number of distinct subgroups of ℤ999 is _________.

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Q.46 The number of elements of order 12 in the symmetric group S7 is equal to

_________.

Q.47 Let 𝑦(𝑥) be the solution of the differential equation

sin 𝑥
𝑥𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 3 = for 𝑥 > 0,
𝑥
𝜋
satisfying 𝑦 ( ) = 0.
2

5𝜋
Then the value of 𝑦 (
2
) is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal
places)

Q.48 Consider the region

𝐺 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ) ∈ ℝ3 ∶ 0 < 𝑧 < 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 , 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 < 1}.

Then the volume of 𝐺 is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal

places)

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Q.49 Given that 𝑦(𝑥) is a solution of the differential equation

𝑥 2 𝑦 ′′ + 𝑥𝑦 ′ − 4𝑦 = 𝑥 2

on the interval (0, ∞) such that lim+ 𝑦(𝑥) exists and 𝑦(1) = 1. The value of
𝑥→0

𝑦 ′ (1) is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)

Q.50 Consider the family ℱ1 of curves lying in the region

{(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ 𝑦 > 0 and 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜋}

and given by

𝑐(1 − cos 𝑥)
𝑦= , where 𝑐 is a positive real number.
sin 𝑥

Let ℱ2 be the family of orthogonal trajectories to ℱ1. Consider the curve 𝒞

𝜋
belonging to the family ℱ2 passing through the point ( , 1). If 𝑎 is a real number
3
𝜋
such that ( , 𝑎) lies on 𝒞, then the value of 𝑎4 is equal to _________.
4

(Rounded off to two decimal places)

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Section C: Q.51 – Q.60 Carry TWO marks each.

Q.51 For 𝑡 ∈ ℝ, let [𝑡] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to 𝑡.

Let 𝐷 = {(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 < 4}. Let 𝑓: 𝐷 → ℝ and 𝑔: 𝐷 → ℝ be defined

by 𝑓(0, 0) = 𝑔(0, 0) = 0 and

𝑥2𝑦2 𝑥𝑦
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = [𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ] , 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑦) = [𝑦 2 ]
𝑥4 + 𝑦4 𝑥2 + 𝑦2

for (𝑥, 𝑦) ≠ (0, 0). Let 𝐸 be the set of points of 𝐷 at which both 𝑓 and 𝑔 are
discontinuous. The number of elements in the set 𝐸 is _________.

Q.52 If 𝐺 is the region in ℝ2 given by

𝑥
𝐺 = {(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 < 1, < 𝑦 < √3𝑥, 𝑥 > 0, 𝑦 > 0}
√3

then the value of

200
∬ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝜋 𝐺

is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)

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Q.53 1 1 𝑢1
Let 𝐴 = ( 0 1) and let 𝐴⊤ denote the transpose of 𝐴. Let 𝑢 = (𝑢 ) and
2
−1 1
𝑣1
𝑣 = (𝑣2 ) be column vectors with entries in ℝ such that 𝑢12 + 𝑢22 = 1 and
𝑣3
𝑣12 + 𝑣22 + 𝑣32 = 1. Suppose

𝐴𝑢 = √2 𝑣 and 𝐴⊤ 𝑣 = √2 𝑢.

Then |𝑢1 + 2 √2 𝑣1 | is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)

Q.54 Let 𝑓: [0, 𝜋] → ℝ be the function defined by

𝜋
(𝑥 − 𝜋)𝑒 sin 𝑥 if 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ ,
2
𝑓(𝑥) = { 4 𝜋
𝑥𝑒 sin 𝑥 + if < 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋.
𝜋 2

Then the value of

∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
0

is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)

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Q.55 Let 𝑟 be the radius of convergence of the power series

1 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4 𝑥5 𝑥6 𝑥7
+ + + + + + + + ⋯.
3 5 32 52 33 53 34 54

Then the value of 𝑟 2 is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal

places)

Q.56 Define 𝑓: ℝ2 → ℝ by
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 − 𝑥 for (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ2 .
𝑥2 𝑦2
Let 𝐷 = {(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ≤ 1} and 𝐸 = {(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ + ≤ 1}.
4 9

Consider the sets

𝐷max = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝐷 ∶ 𝑓 has absolute maximum on 𝐷 at (𝑎, 𝑏)},

𝐷min = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝐷 ∶ 𝑓 has absolute minimum on 𝐷 at (𝑎, 𝑏)},

𝐸max = {(𝑐, 𝑑) ∈ 𝐸 ∶ 𝑓 has absolute maximum on 𝐸 at (𝑐, 𝑑)},

𝐸min = {(𝑐, 𝑑) ∈ 𝐸 ∶ 𝑓 has absolute minimum on 𝐸 at (𝑐, 𝑑)}.

Then the total number of elements in the set

𝐷max ∪ 𝐷min ∪ 𝐸max ∪ 𝐸min

is equal to _________.

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Q.57 11 10 10 10
Consider the 4 × 4 matrix 𝑀 = (10 11 10 10) . Then the value of the
10 10 11 10
10 10 10 11
determinant of 𝑀 is equal to _________.

Q.58 Let 𝜎 be the permutation in the symmetric group S5 given by

𝜎(1) = 2, σ(2) = 3, σ(3) = 1, σ(4) = 5, σ(5) = 4.
Define
𝑁(𝜎) = {𝜏 ∈ 𝑆5 ∶ 𝜎 ∘ 𝜏 = 𝜏 ∘ 𝜎}.
Then the number of elements in 𝑁(𝜎) is equal to _________.

Q.59 Let 𝑓: (−1, 1) → ℝ and 𝑔: (−1, 1) → ℝ be thrice continuously differentiable

functions such that 𝑓(𝑥) ≠ 𝑔(𝑥) for every nonzero 𝑥 ∈ (−1, 1). Suppose

𝑓(0) = ln 2, 𝑓 ′ (0) = 𝜋, 𝑓 ′′ (0) = 𝜋 2 , and 𝑓 ′′′ (0) = 𝜋 9

and

𝑔(0) = ln 2, 𝑔′ (0) = 𝜋, 𝑔′′ (0) = 𝜋 2 , and 𝑔′′′ (0) = 𝜋 3 .

Then the value of the limit

𝑒 𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑒 𝑔(𝑥)
lim
𝑥→0 𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥)

is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)

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Q.60 If 𝑓: [0, ∞) → ℝ and 𝑔: [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) are continuous functions such that

𝑥 3 +𝑥 2 𝑔(𝑥) 2
∫0 𝑓(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 𝑥 2 and ∫0 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 9(𝑥 + 1)3 for all 𝑥 ∈ [0, ∞),

then the value of

𝑓(2) + 𝑔(2) + 16 𝑓(12)

is equal to _________. (Rounded off to two decimal places)

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Question Paper
SECTION – A
MA : JAM 2023
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)

Q. 1 – Q. 10 carry one mark each.

Q. 1 Let G be a finite group. Then G is necessarily a cyclic group if the order of G is

(A) 4

(B) 7

(C) 6

(D) 10

Q. 2 Let v1 , . . . , v9 be the column vectors of a non-zero 9×9 real matrix A. Let a1 , . . . , a9 ∈ R,

not all zero, be such that 9i=1 ai vi = 0. Then the system Ax = 9i=1 vi has
P P

(A) no solution

(B) a unique solution

(C) more than one but only finitely many solutions

(D) infinitely many solutions

MA 2 / 27
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Q. 3 Which of the following is a subspace of the real vector space R3 ?

(A) {(x, y, z) ∈ R3 : (y + z)2 + (2x − 3y)2 = 0}

(B) {(x, y, z) ∈ R3 : y ∈ Q}

(C) {(x, y, z) ∈ R3 : yz = 0}

(D) {(x, y, z) ∈ R3 : x + 2y − 3z + 1 = 0}

Q. 4 Consider the initial value problem

dy
+ αy = 0,
dx
y(0) = 1,

where α ∈ R. Then

(A) there is an α such that y(1) = 0

(B) there is a unique α such that lim y(x) = 0

x→∞

(C) there is NO α such that y(2) = 1

(D) there is a unique α such that y(1) = 2

MA 3 / 27
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Q. 5 Let p(x) = x57 + 3x10 − 21x3 + x2 + 21 and

57
X
q(x) = p(x) + p(j) (x) for all x ∈ R,
j=1

where p(j) (x) denotes the j th derivative of p(x). Then the function q admits

(A) NEITHER a global maximum NOR a global minimum on R

(B) a global maximum but NOT a global minimum on R

(C) a global minimum but NOT a global maximum on R

(D) a global minimum and a global maximum on R

Q. 6 The limit  Ra 2

sin(x ) dx
0
 
lim  
a→0  Ra
(ln(x + 1))2 dx

0

is

(A) 0

(B) 1

π
(C)
e

(D) non-existent

MA 4 / 27
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Q. 7 The value of
Z 1 Z 1−x Z 1 Z 1−y
3 2
cos(x + y ) dy dx − cos(x3 + y 2 ) dx dy
0 0 0 0

is

(A) 0

cos(1)
(B)
2
sin(1)
(C)
2
   
1 1
(D) cos − sin
2 2

Q. 8 Let f : R2 → R2 be defined by f (x, y) = (ex cos(y), ex sin(y)). Then the number of

points in R2 that do NOT lie in the range of f is

(A) 0

(B) 1

(C) 2

(D) infinite

MA 5 / 27
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 n
1  n!π 
Q. 9 Let an = 1 + and bn = n cos 10 for n ∈ N. Then
n 2

(A) (an ) is convergent and (bn ) is bounded

(B) (an ) is NOT convergent and (bn ) is bounded

(C) (an ) is convergent and (bn ) is unbounded

(D) (an ) is NOT convergent and (bn ) is unbounded

Q. 10 Let (an ) be a sequence of real numbers defined by


1

if n is prime
an =
−1 if n is not prime.


an
Let bn = for n ∈ N. Then
n
(A) both (an ) and (bn ) are convergent

(B) (an ) is convergent but (bn ) is NOT convergent

(C) (an ) is NOT convergent but (bn ) is convergent

(D) both (an ) and (bn ) are NOT convergent

MA 6 / 27
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Q. 11 – Q. 30 carry two marks each.

   
1 1
Q. 11 Let an = sin and bn = sin for n ∈ N. Then
n3 n

∞
P ∞
P
(A) both an and bn are convergent
n=1 n=1

∞
P ∞
P
(B) an is convergent but bn is NOT convergent
n=1 n=1

∞
P ∞
P
(C) an is NOT convergent but bn is convergent
n=1 n=1

∞
P ∞
P
(D) both an and bn are NOT convergent
n=1 n=1

Q. 12 Consider the following statements:

I. There exists a linear transformation from R3 to itself such that its range space
and null space are the same.

II. There exists a linear transformation from R2 to itself such that its range space
and null space are the same.

Then

(A) both I and II are TRUE

(B) I is TRUE but II is FALSE

(C) II is TRUE but I is FALSE

(D) both I and II are FALSE

MA 7 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 13 Let  
1 −1 0
 
A= 0
 
0 0
 
−2 2 2
and B = A5 + A4 + I3 . Which of the following is NOT an eigenvalue of B?

(A) 1

(B) 2

(C) 49

(D) 3

Q. 14 The system of linear equations in x1 , x2 , x3

    
1 1 1 x 3
   1  
0 −1 1  x2  =  1 
    
    
2 3 α x3 β

where α, β ∈ R, has

(A) at least one solution for any α and β

(B) a unique solution for any β when α ̸= 1

(C) NO solution for any α when β ̸= 5

(D) infinitely many solutions for any α when β = 5

MA 8 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 15 Let S and T be non-empty subsets of R2 , and W be a non-zero proper subspace of R2 .

Consider the following statements:

I. If span(S) = R2 , then span(S ∩ W ) = W .

II. span(S ∪ T ) = span(S) ∪ span(T ).

Then

(A) both I and II are TRUE

(B) I is TRUE but II is FALSE

(C) II is TRUE but I is FALSE

(D) both I and II are FALSE

2 +y 2
Q. 16 Let f (x, y) = ex for (x, y) ∈ R2 , and an be the determinant of the matrix
 2 
∂ f ∂ 2f
 ∂x2 ∂x∂y 
 
 
 
 2 2

 ∂ f ∂ f 
∂y∂x ∂y 2

evaluated at the point (cos(n), sin(n)). Then the limit lim an is

n→∞

(A) non-existent

(B) 0

(C) 6e2

(D) 12e2

MA 9 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 17 Let f (x, y) = ln(1 + x2 + y 2 ) for (x, y) ∈ R2 . Define

∂ 2f ∂ 2f
P = Q=
∂x2 ∂x∂y
(0,0) (0,0)

∂ 2f ∂ 2f
R= S=
∂y∂x ∂y 2
(0,0) (0,0)

Then

(A) P S − QR > 0 and P < 0

(B) P S − QR > 0 and P > 0

(C) P S − QR < 0 and P > 0

(D) P S − QR < 0 and P < 0

Q. 18 The area of the curved surface

S = (x, y, z) ∈ R3 : z 2 = (x − 1)2 + (y − 2)2



lying between the planes z = 2 and z = 3 is

√
(A) 4π 2

√
(B) 5π 2

(C) 9π

√
(D) 9π 2

MA 10 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

1 + 2−2 + · · · + n−2
Q. 19 Let an = for n ∈ N. Then
n
∞
X
(A) both the sequence (an ) and the series an are convergent
n=1

∞
X
(B) the sequence (an ) is convergent but the series an is NOT convergent
n=1

∞
X
(C) both the sequence (an ) and the series an are NOT convergent
n=1

∞
X
(D) the sequence (an ) is NOT convergent but the series an is convergent
n=1

∞
X
Q. 20 Let (an ) be a sequence of real numbers such that the series an (x − 2)n converges at
n=0
x = −5. Then this series also converges at

(A) x=9

(B) x = 12

(C) x=5

(D) x = −6

MA 11 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 21 Let (an ) and (bn ) be sequences of real numbers such that

1 1
|an − an+1 | = and |bn − bn+1 | = √ for n ∈ N.
2n n

Then

(A) both (an ) and (bn ) are Cauchy sequences

(B) (an ) is a Cauchy sequence but (bn ) need NOT be a Cauchy sequence

(C) (an ) need NOT be a Cauchy sequence but (bn ) is a Cauchy sequence

(D) both (an ) and (bn ) need NOT be Cauchy sequences

Q. 22 Consider the family of curves x2 + y 2 = 2x + 4y + k with a real parameter k > −5.

Then the orthogonal trajectory to this family of curves passing through (2, 3) also passes
through

(A) (3, 4)

(B) (−1, 1)

(C) (1, 0)

(D) (3, 5)

MA 12 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 23 Consider the following statements:

I. Every infinite group has infinitely many subgroups.

II. There are only finitely many non-isomorphic groups of a given finite order.

Then

(A) both I and II are TRUE

(B) I is TRUE but II is FALSE

(C) I is FALSE but II is TRUE

(D) both I and II are FALSE

Q. 24 Suppose f : (−1, 1) → R is an infinitely differentiable function such that the series

P∞ xj
aj converges to f (x) for each x ∈ (−1, 1), where,
j=0 j!

Zπ/2 Zπ
aj = θj cosj (tan θ)dθ + (θ − π)j cosj (tan θ)dθ
0 π/2

for j ≥ 0. Then

(A) f (x) = 0 for all x ∈ (−1, 1)

(B) f is a non-constant even function on (−1, 1)

(C) f is a non-constant odd function on (−1, 1)

(D) f is NEITHER an odd function NOR an even function on (−1, 1)

MA 13 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

x2  π π
Q. 25 Let f (x) = cos(x) and g(x) = 1 − for x ∈ − , . Then
2 2 2
 π π
(A) f (x) ≥ g(x) for all x ∈ − ,
2 2
 π π
(B) f (x) ≤ g(x) for all x ∈ − ,
2 2
 π π
(C) f (x) − g(x) changes sign exactly once on − ,
2 2
 π π
(D) f (x) − g(x) changes sign more than once on − ,
2 2

Q. 26 Let ZZ √ 2 2
f (x, y) = e− (u−x) +(v−y) du dv.
(u−x)2 +(v−y)2 ≤1

Then lim f (n, n2 ) is

n→∞

(A) non-existent

(B) 0

(C) π(1 − e−1 )

(D) 2π(1 − 2e−1 )

MA 14 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 27 How many group homomorphisms are there from Z2 to S5 ?

(A) 40

(B) 41

(C) 26

(D) 25

Q. 28 Let y : R → R be a twice differentiable function such that y ′′ is continuous on [0, 1]

and y(0) = y(1) = 0. Suppose y ′′ (x) + x2 < 0 for all x ∈ [0, 1]. Then

(A) y(x) > 0 for all x ∈ (0, 1)

(B) y(x) < 0 for all x ∈ (0, 1)

(C) y(x) = 0 has exactly one solution in (0, 1)

(D) y(x) = 0 has more than one solution in (0, 1)

Q. 29 From the additive group Q to which one of the following groups does there exist a
non-trivial group homomorphism?

(A) R× , the multiplicative group of non-zero real numbers

(B) Z, the additive group of integers

(C) Z2 , the additive group of integers modulo 2

(D) Q× , the multiplicative group of non-zero rational numbers

MA 15 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 30 Let f : R → R be an infinitely differentiable function such that f ′′ has exactly two

distinct zeroes. Then

(A) f ′ has at most 3 distinct zeroes

(B) f ′ has at least 1 zero

(C) f has at most 3 distinct zeroes

(D) f has at least 2 distinct zeroes

MA 16 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

SECTION – B
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTIONS (MSQ)

Q. 31 – Q. 40 carry two marks each.

Q. 31 For each t ∈ (0, 1), the surface Pt in R3 is defined by

Pt = {(x, y, z) : (x2 + y 2 )z = 1, t2 ≤ x2 + y 2 ≤ 1}.

Let at ∈ R be the surface area of Pt . Then

s
4x2 4y 2
ZZ
(A) at = 1+ + dx dy
(x2 + y 2 )4 (x2 + y 2 )4
t2 ≤x2 +y 2 ≤1

s
4x2 4y 2
ZZ
(B) at = 1+ + dx dy
(x2 + y 2 )2 (x2 + y 2 )2
t2 ≤x2 +y 2 ≤1

(C) the limit lim+ at does NOT exist

t→0

(D) the limit lim+ at exists

t→0

Q. 32 Let A ⊆ Z with 0 ∈ A. For r, s ∈ Z, define

rA = {ra : a ∈ A}, rA + sA = {ra + sb : a, b ∈ A}.

Which of the following conditions imply that A is a subgroup of the additive group Z?

(A) −2A ⊆ A, A + A = A

(B) A = −A, A + 2A = A

(C) A = −A, A + A = A

(D) 2A ⊆ A, A + A = A

MA 17 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

p
Q. 33 Let y : ( 2/3, ∞) → R be the solution of

(2x − y)y ′ + (2y − x) = 0,

y(1) = 3.

Then

(A) y(3) = 1

√
(B) y(2) = 4 + 10
p
(C) y ′ is bounded on ( 2/3, 1)

(D) y ′ is bounded on (1, ∞)

Q. 34 Let f : (−1, 1) → R be a differentiable function satisfying f (0) = 0. Suppose there

exists an M > 0 such that |f ′ (x)| ≤ M |x| for all x ∈ (−1, 1). Then

(A) f ′ is continuous at x = 0

(B) f ′ is differentiable at x = 0

(C) f f ′ is differentiable at x = 0

(D) (f ′ )2 is differentiable at x = 0

MA 18 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 35 Which of the following functions is/are Riemann integrable on [0, 1]?

Zx
1
(A) f (x) = − t dt
2
0


x sin(1/x) if x ̸= 0

(B) f (x) =
0

if x = 0


1 if x ∈ Q ∩ [0, 1]

(C) f (x) =
−1

otherwise


x if x ∈ [0, 1)

(D) f (x) =
0

if x = 1

Q. 36 A subset S ⊆ R2 is said to be bounded if there is an M > 0 such that |x| ≤ M and

|y| ≤ M for all (x, y) ∈ S. Which of the following subsets of R2 is/are bounded?

2
(A) {(x, y) ∈ R2 : ex + y 2 ≤ 4}

(B) {(x, y) ∈ R2 : x4 + y 2 ≤ 4}

(C) {(x, y) ∈ R2 : |x| + |y| ≤ 4}

3
(D) {(x, y) ∈ R2 : ex + y 2 ≤ 4}

MA 19 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 37 Let f : R2 → R be defined as follows:

( x4 y 3
if (x, y) ̸= (0, 0)
f (x, y) = x6 + y 6
0 if (x, y) = (0, 0).

Then

f (t, t) − f (0, 0) 1
(A) lim exists and equals
t→0 t 2

∂f
(B) exists and equals 0
∂x
(0,0)

∂f
(C) exists and equals 0
∂y
(0,0)

f (t, 2t) − f (0, 0) 1

(D) lim exists and equals
t→0 t 3

Q. 38 Which of the following is/are true?

(A) Every linear transformation from R2 to R2 maps lines onto points or lines

(B) Every surjective linear transformation from R2 to R2 maps lines onto lines

(C) Every bijective linear transformation from R2 to R2 maps pairs of parallel lines to
pairs of parallel lines

(D) Every bijective linear transformation from R2 to R2 maps pairs of perpendicular

lines to pairs of perpendicular lines

MA 20 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 39 Which of the following is/are linear transformations?

(A) T : R → R given by T (x) = sin(x)

(B) T : M2 (R) → R given by T (A) = trace(A)

(C) T : R2 → R given by T (x, y) = x + y + 1

(D) T : P2 (R) → R given by T (p(x)) = p(1)

∞
X
Q. 40 Let R1 and R2 be the radii of convergence of the power series (−1)n xn−1 and
n=1
∞
X xn+1
(−1)n , respectively. Then
n=1
n(n + 1)

(A) R1 = R2

(B) R2 > 1
∞
X
(C) (−1)n xn−1 converges for all x ∈ [−1, 1]
n=1

∞
X xn+1
(D) (−1)n converges for all x ∈ [−1, 1]
n=1
n(n + 1)

MA 21 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

SECTION – C
NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE (NAT)

Q. 41 – Q. 50 carry one mark each.

Q. 41 Let f : R2 → R be the function defined as follows:


y2
 
2 2
(x − 1) cos 2
if x ̸= ±1


f (x, y) = (x2 − 1)2

0
 if x = ±1.

The number of points of discontinuity of f (x, y) is equal to .

Q. 42 Let T : P2 (R) → P4 (R) be the linear transformation given by T (p(x)) = p(x2 ). Then
the rank of T is equal to .

Q. 43 If y is the solution of

y ′′ − 2y ′ + y = ex ,

y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = −1/2,

then y(1) is equal to . (rounded off to two decimal places)

Q. 44 The value of
1
xn
 Z 
lim n dx
n→∞ 0 x+1
is equal to . (rounded off to two decimal places)

Q. 45 For σ ∈ S8 , let o(σ) denote the order of σ. Then max{o(σ) : σ ∈ S8 } is equal to

.

Q. 46 For g ∈ Z, let ḡ ∈ Z8 denote the residue class of g modulo 8. Consider the group
Z×
8 = {x̄ ∈ Z8 : 1 ≤ x ≤ 7, gcd(x, 8) = 1} with respect to multiplication modulo 8.

The number of group isomorphisms from Z×

8 onto itself is equal to .

MA 22 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

√
Q. 47 Let f (x) = 3
x for x ∈ (0, ∞), and θ(h) be a function such that

f (3 + h) − f (3) = hf ′ (3 + θ(h)h)

for all h ∈ (−1, 1). Then lim θ(h) is equal to .

h→0
(rounded off to two decimal places)

Q. 48 Let V be the volume of the region S ⊆ R3 defined by

S = {(x, y, z) ∈ R3 : xy ≤ z ≤ 4, 0 ≤ x2 + y 2 ≤ 1}.

V
Then is equal to . (rounded off to two decimal places)
π

∞
X 2n + 1
Q. 49 The sum of the series is equal to .
n=1
(n2
+ 1)(n2 + 2n + 2)
(rounded off to two decimal places)

  n1
1 1 1
Q. 50 The value of lim 1 + n + n + · · · + is equal to .
n→∞ 2 3 (2023)n
(rounded off to two decimal places)

MA 23 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 51 – Q. 60 carry two marks each.

Q. 51 Let f : R3 → R be defined as f (x, y, z) = x3 + y 3 + z 3 , and let L : R3 → R be the

linear map satisfying

f (1 + x, 1 + y, 1 + z) − f (1, 1, 1) − L(x, y, z)
lim p = 0.
(x,y,z)→(0,0,0) x2 + y 2 + z 2

Then L(1, 2, 4) is equal to . (rounded off to two decimal places)

Q. 52 The global minimum value of

f (x) = |x − 1| + |x − 2|2

on R is equal to . (rounded off to two decimal places)

Q. 53 Let y : (1, ∞) → R be the solution of the differential equation

2y
y ′′ − =0
(1 − x)2

satisfying y(2) = 1 and lim y(x) = 0. Then y(3) is equal to .

x→∞
(rounded off to two decimal places)

Q. 54 The number of permutations in S4 that have exactly two cycles in their cycle decompo-
sitions is equal to .

π
 π 
Q. 55 Let S be the triangular region whose vertices are (0, 0), 0, , and , 0 . The value
ZZ 2 2
of sin(x) cos(y) dx dy is equal to .
S
(rounded off to two decimal places)

MA 24 / 27
 JAM 2023 MATHEMATICS- MA

Q. 56 Let  
1 1 0 0 1
 
A = 1 1 1 1 3 
 
 
1 1 4 4 4
and B be a 5 × 5 real matrix such that AB is the zero matrix. Then the maximum
possible rank of B is equal to .

Q. 57 Let W be the subspace of M3 (R) consisting of all matrices with the property that the
sum of the entries in each row is zero and the sum of the entries in each column is zero.
Then the dimension of W is equal to .

Q. 58 The maximum number of linearly independent eigenvectors of the matrix

 
1 1 0 0
 
 
2 2 0 0
 
 
0 0 3 0
 
0 0 1 3

is equal to .

Q. 59 Let S be the set of all real numbers α such that the solution y of the initial value problem
dy
= y(2 − y),
dx
y(0) = α,

exists on [0, ∞). Then the minimum of the set S is equal to .

(rounded off to two decimal places)

∞
an xn and
P
Q. 60 Let f : R → R be a bijective function such that for all x ∈ R, f (x) =
n=1
∞
−1 n −1
P
f (x) = bn x , where f is the inverse function of f . If a1 = 2 and a2 = 4, then
n=1
b1 is equal to .

MA 25 / 27