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 PRACTICE BOOK» NOT FOR SALE
Contents

1 CLIMATOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1 CLIMATOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
 1. CLIMATOLOGY

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1.1 CLIMATOLOGY
1. Why is the Ozone important to life on 4. The diagram shown represent a(n):
Earth?
A. A. The Ozone reflects all the Ultra Vio-
let radiation
B. A. The Ozone absorbs all the heat that
come up from the Earth.
A. occluded front
C. The Ozone provides all the oxygen to
Earth. B. warm front

D. The Ozone protects the Earth’ s atmo- C. stationary front

sphere and the life on Earth from harmful D. cold front
radiant energy emitted by the sun
5. Consider the following Statements;1.The
2. On which slope would you build your lower part of atmosphere, upto the height
house in a valley situated in South Africa? of 90-100 kms. The proportion of gases is
homogenous throughout the zone.2.Since
A. North-facing slope
Nitrogen constitutes the largest propor-
B. South-facing slope tion of the atmosphere, the phenomenon
such as pressure, force of winds and re-
3. How does climate change happen? flection of light is largely due to Nitro-
A. Before an earthquake gen.3.Argon enters the atmosphere due
to radioactive breakdown of potassium
B. When rabbits jump
within surface rocks.4.Carbon Dioxide is
C. it happens when gasses like carbon used in fire extinguishers, for oil recov-
dioxide gets trapped in the earth’s atmo- ery, as a refrigerant and also for coal bed
sphere methane recovery.
D. It happens when gasses get out of the A. None of the above given statements
earth’s atmosphere are true.

1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. D
1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 3

B. Only 1 and 4 are true D. Acid rain forms naturally and raises
C. Only 2 and 4 are true. the pH of rainwater above 7

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D. All the Statements are true. 10. What stage of the water cycle forms
clouds?
6. Refer to FIGURE 1.1 showing a synoptic
weather map of southern Africa.Q-The air A. Precipitation
pressure at the centre of the South Atlantic B. Evaporation
anticyclone is (lower/higher) than 1 032 C. Condensation
hPa/mb.
D. Percolation

11. The meteorlogist said that it will be hot

and sunny this weekend.

A. Lower
B. Higher

7. The science that tracks the Earth’s larger A. Weather

atmospheric systems over a long period of B. Climate
time is known as
12. list out the number of types of rain
A. meteorology
A. 1
B. climatology
B. 2
C. cartography
C. 3
D. physical geography
D. 4
8. As altitude in the atmosphere, air pres-
sure 13. Using the weather map, what type of
front is between Tennessee (TN) and Ohio
A. Increases; increases (OH)?
B. Increases; decreases
C. decreases; decreases
D. altitude and air pressure are unrelated

9. Which of the following statements de-

scribes the formation of acid rain?
A. Acid rain forms from human activities
and lowers the pH of rainwater below 7
A. Warm Front
B. Acid rain forms naturally and lowers
the pH of rainwater below 7 B. Stationary Front

C. Acid rain forms from human activities C. Cold Front

and raises the pH above 7 D. Occluded Front

6. B 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B

1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 4

14. Which element is most abundant near 19. How does all of the sun’s energy reach the
Earth’s surface? earth?
A. Oxygen A. Ionization
B. Nitrogen B. Conduction
C. Carbon C. Convection
D. Water D. Radiation

NARAYAN CHANGDER
15. Long term can devestae a region; crops 20. What are possible effects of increasing
fail and streams dry up. amount of smoke in the troposphere?
A. Reduced visibility
B. Air quality is poor
C. Acid rain formation
D. All of these

21. When isobar lines are close together on a

weather map, it means the wind speed is
A. droughts very slow.
B. dust storms A. True
C. cold spells B. False
D. none of above
22. On the summer equinox, sun sets to ?
16. What is a drought? A. North
A. excess flow of water flow over land B. East
B. An abnormally low precipitation in a C. South
place over time.
D. West
C. Continuous rainfall
D. Falling of water droplets from the sky 23. Which of the following has the most effect
on climate?
17. Cities often have more clouds than sur- A. The terrain
rounding areas because of
B. The amount of water
A. higher humidity
C. Latitude
B. more condensation nuclei
D. Longitude
C. less condensation nuclei
D. higher temperatures 24. Hydrological drought is caused by vanish-
ing water supply in water bodies such as
18. True/False:Nonpoint-source pollution streams, lakes, rivers and underground
comes from multiple sources. water.
A. True A. True
B. False B. False

15. A 16. B 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. A
1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 5

25. Surface winds blowing towards the poles 29. As Earth warms, the rate at which organic
are called matter decomposes increases. As organic
matter decomposes, carbon dioxide is re-

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A. westerlies
leased and makes Earth warmer and in-
B. easterlies creases the rate at which organic matter
C. southerlies decomposes.What is this is an example
D. northerlies of?
A. Uniformitarianism
26. The ozone holes will always be there, they
cannot be restored. B. Catastrophism
A. True C. Threshold effect
B. False D. Feedback mechanism
27. What can you expect to happen when 30. Which can lead to the depletion of the
moist air cools below its dew point? ozone layer of Earth?
A. Coal-fire power plants
B. Vehicle exhaust
C. Burning compost
D. Aerosols/chlorofluorocarbons

31. What gas needed to be established within

A. Evaporation the Earth’s atmosphere before theatmo-
B. Condensation sphere was able to absorb and maintain
heat?
C. Sublimation
D. Evapo-transpiration

28. Hottest layer, thinnest air.

A. Hydrogen
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen
D. Carbon dioxide
A. Troposphere
32. The picture depicts the position of the
B. Stratosphere Kalahari anticyclone and inversion layer in
C. Mesosphere which season?
D. Thermosphere A. Summer
E. All of the above. B. Winter

26. B 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A

1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 6

33. A layer of air that surrounds Earth to keep 38. Which type of inversion forms along a
us warm is called slope?
A. atmosphere A. air drainage type inversion
B. Sun’s rays B. frontal inversion
C. ozone layer C. subsidence inversion
D. air pressure D. ground inversion

NARAYAN CHANGDER
34. What effect would happen if all the ice 39. The name of the pressure cell labelled A is?
melted that is currently floating in the Arc- A. The South Indian Anticyclone
tic Ocean?
B. Mid-latitude Cyclone
A. It will rise sharply.
C. The South Atlantic Anticyclone
B. It will not change.
D. Tropical Cyclone
C. It will fall.
40. How can humans mitigate their impact on
D. There is not enough information to
the atmosphere?
say.
A. Increasing industrial byproducts
35. UV rays can cause obvious short term dam-
B. Increasing chlorofluorocarbons
age, such as sunburn, as well as long term
damage that accumulates with each expo- C. Reforestation
sure to the sun. D. Develop heat islands
A. True
41. Retreating monsoon period is
B. False
A. October-November
36. Which one of the following is correct about B. March-April
Water Vapour?1. Water vapour in at-
mosphere increases with altitude.2. Wa- C. December-January
ter vapour decreases from the equator to- D. June-September
wards the pole.Select the correct options:
42. Trees are so important to our environment
A. 1 only because they absorb (sink) which green-
B. 2 only house gas?
C. both A. methane
D. none of them B. ammonia
C. water vapour
37. What is the term used to describe when
greenhouse gases trap the sun’s heat, in- D. carbon dioxide
creasing the temperature of the planet?
43. Which of the statements given above
A. Tragedy of the Commons is/are incorrect?1. isotherm are the
B. Global Warming lines joining place having equal temp.
2. Isotherm deviates through north over
C. Ecological Footprint ocean and south over continents in jan.3.
D. Ozone Hole in the Atmosphere The isotherm are more or less parallel to

34. B 35. A 36. B 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. C 41. A 42. D 43. D
1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 7

the latitudes and the temp variations is 47. Air pressure decreases as altitude in-
more gradual in northern hemisphere. creases.

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A. only 1 and 2
B. only 1
C. onlly 2 and 3
D. only 3
44. The name of the pressure cell labelled D is?
A. The South Indian Anticyclone
B. Mid-latitude Cyclone
C. The South Atlantic Anticyclone
D. Tropical Cyclone A. Troposphere
B. Stratosphere
45. The climogram represents a climate
C. Mesosphere
D. Thermosphere
E. All of the above.

48. Which layer of our atmosphere is being de-

stroyed causing our sun to do more dam-
age to our skin.
A. mesosphere
B. ionosphere
A. continental
B. mediterranean C. ozonosphere

C. polar D. stratosphere
D. desert 49. Which front is usually trailing behind the
46. O3 is created in which layer of the atmo- warm front in a mid-latitude cyclone?
sphere? A. stationary front
B. cold front
C. occluded front
D. none of above

50. The boundary between cold and warm air

masses is called a

A. Troposhere A. front

B. Stratosphere B. storm
C. Mesosphere C. climate
D. Thermosphere D. flood

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 8

51. The measuring unit on an isobar is: 56. On a weather map, what are the lines
A. centimetres that connect points of equal temperature
called?
B. the isobar
A. isobars
C. degrees celsius
B. contour lines
D. a hectopascal
C. isotemps
52. In which of the following layers, there are D. isotherms

NARAYAN CHANGDER
distinct layers of gases?
A. Homosphere 57. Study FIGURE 1.3 on valley climates and
answer the questions that follow.Q-Which
B. Heterosphere
wind (wind 1 or wind 2) would originate
C. Both a and b if a higher pressure occurred at the top of
D. None of these the valley slope?

53. Some of the effects of drought are? Select

all that applies.
A. Lack of clean water
B. Disease such as cholera and typhoid
from drinking contaminated water
C. Flood
A. Wind 1
D. Death of plants and animals from wild
fire, thirst or famine B. Wind 2

54. James plans to climb to the top of Mount 58. What is the weather conditions in an area
Everest. Which of the following state- over a long period of time?
ments about his climb will be the most ac- A. climate
curate? B. temperature
A. Air pressure will rise and the tempera-
C. elevation
ture on a thermometer will increase.
D. precipitation
B. Air pressure will fall and the tempera-
ture on a thermometer will decrease. 59. Which of the following climate categories
C. Air pressure will rise and the tempera- is categorized by consistently freezing
ture on a thermometer will decrease. temperatures and constant low rainfall?
D. Air pressure and thermometer will not A. Tropical
change. B. Polar
55. The Mesosphere is what distance from the C. Continental
Earth’s surface? D. Temperate
A. 0-16km
60. What long term impact could the destruc-
B. 16-50 km tion of large areas of forests have on the
C. 50-80km Earth?
D. 80-500km A. Decreased rates of erosion

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 9

B. Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide 64. The name of the pressure system labelled
levels C is?

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C. Decreased amount of acid rain A. Thermal low
D. Increased atmospheric oxygen levels
B. Mid-latitude Cyclone
61. How is climate different from weather? C. The South Atlantic Anticyclone
A. Climate is constantly changing,
whereas weather changes slowly over D. Tropical Cyclone
time.
65. The phrase “as bald as if a cyclonic wind
B. Climate is based on observations
had taken his scalp” (lines 18-19) does all
made for a region over several years,
of the following EXCEPT(A) describe the
whereas weather is based on day-to-day
grandfather with an image related to the
observations for a region.
cyclone(B) suggest a lighter tone for the
C. Climate refers to the atmospheric con- paragraph(C) particularize the first of sev-
ditions on a given date, whereas weather eral sources of information mentioned in
refers to the atmospheric conditions dur- the paragraph(D) suggest the power of
ing a given season. the tornado(E) express concern about the
D. Climate influences people’s daily ac- condition of the grandfather
tivities, whereas weather influences peo- A. A
ple’s seasonal activities
B. B
62. Where ALL weather takes place.
C. C
D. D
E. E

66. Which of the following tides is the highest

and occurs near the times of the new and
full moons?
A. Fall

A. Troposphere B. Spring
B. Stratosphere C. Neap
C. Mesosphere D. Luna
D. Thermosphere
E. All of the above. 67. The climate changes naturally by

63. an impact of global warming is A. Milankovich Cycles and the sun

A. air pollution B. sea level rising and temperature

B. intensifying cyclones C. burning fossil fuels and deforestation
C. more insolation D. ocean composition and glacial ice vol-
D. wind circulation umes

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 10

68. Hail typically occurs during which TWO 72. a cool and dry air mass is best described
types of weather? as
A. continental tropical
A. B. continental polar
C. maritime tropical
D. maritime polar
B.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
73. Best orientation of buildings in India-
A. East-West
C. B. North
C. South

D. D. West

74. Which of the following cities is least likely

to become a heat island?
E.
A. Beijing, China
B. New York City
69. The biggest factor in determining climate
C. Gastonia, North Carolina
is?
D. Chicago, Illinois
A. longitude
B. latitude 75. What type of front brings warm and humid
C. elevation weather to an area?
D. ocean A. cold front
B. warm front
70. The more scientific name of the Global Con-
veyor Belt is C. stationary front
A. halinethermal circulation D. occluded front
B. thermohaline circulation
76. True or False:The Leeward side of a moun-
C. thermodensity circulation tain has dry descending air warming at 0,
D. none of above 65 degrees/100m.
A. True
71. Although the ionosphere is not a unique
layer of the atmosphere (it is a sub-section B. False
of the upper mesosphere and lower ther-
mosphere), what important natural phe- 77. What is the primary driver of upwelling in
nomena is it responsible for? the oceans?
A. Emitting Solar Radation A. Cold, salty water
B. Aurora Borealis B. Cold, fresh water
C. Earth’s Magnetic Field C. Warm, salty water
D. High Concentrations of Ozone D. Warm, fresh water

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 11

78. Most tornadoes in the U.S. form in an area 82. How would the following table be most
of the country referred to as helpful?

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A. Tornado country
B. Tornado Alley
C. Funnel Farms
D. Tropics A. Understanding the climate of this area
B. Showing the effect of weather on the
79. Best answer:climate change could lead to
climate of this area
C. Predicting how the weather will
A. melting ice caps change from day to day
B. changes in the thermohaline cycle D. Demonstrating the difference be-
C. changes in the global conveyor belt tween weather and climate

D. rising sea levels 83. At the mesopause, temperatures may drop

to oC and aid forming ice clouds.
E. all of these options.
A. -100
80. The climogram represents a climate B. -150
C. -200
D. none

84. Weak tropical disturbances moving from

east to west are called
A. Westerly waves
B. Easterly waves
C. Tropical waves
D. Extra-tropical waves

85. The image shows the formation of?

A. maritime A. Tornado
B. mediterranean B. Tropical Cyclone
C. equatorial C. Berg Wind

D. desert D. Mid-latitude Cyclone

86. Melting of glaciers and polar ice caps

81. Amount of insolation absorbed by earth is
A. will result in cooler temperatures in
A. 49% the Arctic
B. 51% B. will result in sea-levels rising
C. 64% C. Will have no effect on ecosystems
D. 75% D. None of the above

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 12

87. Which of the following option correctly 93. Which global region has the most direct
describes Normal or Environmental Laps sunlight angle producing higher average
rate? temperatures?
A. 6.5 F/km A. Polar Region
B. 6.5 K/km B. Temperature Region
C. 6.5 degree C/km C. Equatorial Region
D. All of these D. The Temperatures average out glob-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
ally at the end of the day
88. Cyclones are centers of pressure.
94. The author is best described as(A) a curi-
A. High
ous individual who seeks out diverse infor-
B. Low mation from a variety of sources(B) a se-
C. Warm rious scientist who is determined to learn
more about the causes of these storms(C)
D. Cold
an excited eyewitness who is too dis-
89. What causes winds to form on Earth? tracted to fear for personal safety(D) a
confused novice who is unable to decide
A. solar energy
which claims are accurate(E) an ironic inter-
B. ocean currents preter who comments on the failures and
C. elevation differences follies of others
D. uneven heating of the Earth by the sun A. A
B. B
90. During an El Nino, it rains
C. C
A. in the central Pacific
D. D
B. in the FAR eastern Pacific
E. E
C. in the western Pacific
D. In all of the Pacific 95. The diagram shown depicts a(n)

91. guess nearest monthly mean maximum

and minimum for TRICHY during peak sum-
mer? (degree Celsius )
A. 50 and 19
B. 39 and 25
C. 35 and 21 A. occluded front
D. 45 and 35 B. cold front
92. The amount of water vapour in the atmo- C. warm front
sphere declines from D. Stationary front
A. Poles to equator 96. Hail occurs when updrafts in thunderstorm
B. Equator to poles carry raindrops up to
C. Low altitude to high altitude A. Higher levels
D. Both b and c B. Extremely hot levels

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 13

C. Extremely cold levels B. Weather takes place in a specific place.

D. Lower levels Climate happens all over the world.

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C. Weather indicates temperatures and
97. This is the densest layer of the atmo- precipitation amounts. Climate indicates
sphere. the atmospheric pressure and tempera-
A. Thermosphere tures.
B. Troposphere D. Weather and climate indicate temper-
ature and pressure, but weather is a daily
C. Mesosphere snapshot and climate measures averages
D. Stratosphere over long periods of time.

98. This event can best be identified as what? 101. Consider the following statements:1.
Normally temperature decreases with in-
crease in elevation, called as normal Lapse
rate 2. A long winter night with clear skies
and still air can have Inversion of tem-
perature i.e. temperature increases with
increase in the height 3. Over polar ar-
eas temperature inversion is not normal
A. cold front
throughout the yearSelect the correct an-
B. warm front swer
C. stationary front A. 1 only
D. occluded front B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
99. What form of energy transfer causes
ocean currents, air circulation, and plate D. 1 and 3 only
tectonics? 102. A large temperature gradient in upper
level air combined with the Coriolis Effect
forms the

A. Conduction
A. Hadley Cells
B. Radiant B. Jet Stream
C. Convection C. Prevailing Westerlies
D. Luminosity D. Trade Winds
100. Describe the difference between weather 103. How is the Mediterranean climate best
and climate: described?
A. Weather takes place near the poles. A. Cyclonic and chilly in summer, frontal
Climate takes place closer to the equator depressions in winter.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 14

B. Anticyclonic and warm the whole year. 108. Which site is the best location for a set-
tlement?
C. Anticyclonic and hot in summer,
frontal depressions in winter. A. A
D. Depressions due to the polar front af- B. B
fect the weather throughout the whole C. C
year.
D. D
104. Compared with that of the rest of the 109. Does an ANTICYCLONE have low or high

NARAYAN CHANGDER
passage, the diction of lines 1-8 (“Clima- pressure?
tologists survived”) is(A) informal and
straightforward(B) technical and special-
ized(C) subjective and impressionistic(D)
speculative and uncertain(E) understated
and euphemistic
A. A
B. B
C. C A. Low
D. D B. High
E. E
110. The force exerted by the air above is
called
105. Clouds are made of:
A. convergence
A. Water vapor
B. air pressure
B. Water droplets or ice crystals
C. divergence
C. Frogs
D. the Coriolis effect
D. Toxic chemicals
111. What are three sources of CO2?
106. Which is the 3rd most abundant gas by
volume in atmosphere
A. nitrogen
B. carbon
C. oxygen
D. argon A. The ocean, trees, and rain.
B. Humans, automobiles, and trees.
107. Who does melting in the polar ice caps
affect? C. Trees, insects, and technology.

A. Polar Baerz D. none of above

B. PENGUINS 112. Inversion layers happen when air is

warmed by the warmer sides of the valley-
C. Arctic fish
making the temperature decrease not in-
D. Animals who live on the ice caps crease with height.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 15

A. True 117. As atmospheric CO2 the oceans be-

come more
B. False

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A. increases, basic
113. What is the role of CO2 in the atmo- B. increases, acidic
sphere?
C. decreases, acidic
A. CO2 absorbs heat
D. none of above
B. CO2 absorbs cold
118. The equator is dominated by
C. CO2 reflects light
A. high pressure
D. CO2 repels oxygen
B. cold air
114. What type of weather is more than likely C. low pressure
represented by the station model below? D. none of above

119. Which of the following is true of the

comparisons in lines 11-14 (“they say
Philadelphia”)? (A) They emphasize
the unpredictable nature of tornadoes.(B)
They exaggerate the danger of torna-
does in order to make people cautious
of them.(C) They use technical terminol-
ogy in order to ensure accuracy of descrip-
A. Very cloudy, with a thick fog tion.(D) They draw on familiar informa-
tion to particularize an aspect of torna-
B. Clear skies and very sunny does.(E) They clarify the distinctions be-
C. Very cold and dry tween the language of climatologists and
that of weather casters.
D. An intense blizzard
A. A
115. Scientists observe the thickness of a B. B
tree’s to learn about past climate con-
C. C
ditions.
D. D
A. rings
E. E
B. branches
C. roots 120. Mr. X is going to the market to purchase
food for his family. He is very conscious
D. bark of his choices and is working to reduce his
carbon footprint. Which of the following
116. The ozone layer is damaged by would help him to be successful in his goal?
A. CFCs A. Purchasing fresh fruits and vegetables
from the local farmer’s market
B. Increase in greenhouse gases
B. Purchasing fresh fruits and vegeta-
C. Increased global temperatures
bles at the local supermarket that were
D. Sulfuric and nitric acids shipped from out of state

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 16

C. Purchasing meats packaged at the lo- 126. The time and date of the year when day
cal supermarket, but trucked in from out and night are equal length.
of state
D. Purchasing meats from the local mar-
ket

121. the cold desert of India located in

A. Shimla

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. Srinagar
A. Fusion
C. Ladakh
B. Solstice
D. cold deserts are not exists in india.
C. Equinox
122. Which two processes are most likely to D. none of above
contribute to global climate change?
127. To which cooler region will crops migrate
A. Agriculture and mining towards provided global warming contin-
B. Deforestation and fossil fuel burning ues at the current rate
C. Fossil fuel burning and agriculture A. Polar Region

D. Sedimentation and deforestation B. Temperature Region

C. Equatorial Region
123. The Earth’s atmosphere is a mixture of
D. The Temperatures average out glob-
which of the following?
ally at the end of the day
A. Atmospheric gases
128. Which of the following clouds forms at a
B. Water vapour high altitude?
C. Aerosols A. Cirrus
D. All of these B. Cumulus
C. Status
124. Where would the highest amount of acid
rain be found? D. Cumulonimbus
A. Over the ocean 129. a period of ten years, especially a period
B. In the forest such as 1860 to 1869, or 1990 to 1999

C. Urban Areas A. Yearly

B. Effect
D. In the mountains
C. Annual
125. The Coriolis Effect is caused by D. Decade
A. Earth rotating around the sun
130. Which of Earth’s spheres is composed pri-
B. Earth rotating on its axis marily of gases?
C. The tides A. the Atmosphere
D. Gravity B. the Asthenosphere

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 17

C. the Hydrosphere 135. The different layers of Earth’s atmo-

D. the Biosphere sphere can be categorized by variations in

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131. What can cause a tsunami?
A. air pressure
A. earthquake
B. humidity
B. underwater volcanoes
C. temperature
C. landslides
D. dew point
D. all of these

132. The bars on the climatograph represents 136. Which of the following could contribute
to an increase in pollution?
A. high wind velocity
B. occurrence of rain and snow
C. change in amount of sunlight
D. heavy auto traffic

137. These warm winds steadily blow toward

A. precipitation the equator:
B. temperature A. Polar Easterlies
C. storms B. Prevailing Westerlies
D. heat C. Northeast Tradewinds
133. What weather phenomenon is repre- D. Doldrums
sented in this image?
E. Coriolis Force

138. Earth’s ozone layer is

A. has been thickening over the past sev-
eral years
B. filters harmful ultraviolet radiation
from the sun
A. Line thunderstorm C. exists only over Antarctica
B. Coastal low D. traps carbon dioxide in the strato-
C. Berg wind sphere
D. Moisture Front 139. How can an increase in sunspots impact
global climate?
134. Incoming Solar Radiation is called
A. Radiation A. By increasing rainfall
B. Insolation B. By decreasing rainfall
C. Isolation C. By increasing temperatures
D. Convection D. By decreasing temperatures

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 18

140. The effect of Earth’s rotation on the di- 144. Refer to FIGURE 2.1 which shows air
rection of winds and currents is called the movement in a valley.Q-The valley wind
labelled A is a/an (katabatic/anabatic)
wind.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Katabatic
B. Anabatic
A. The girl
B. The boy 145. The temperature of a tropical climate is?

C. Coriolis effect A. consistently warm

D. Currents B. consistently cool

C. consistently moderate
141. Humans are increasing emissions into
D. warm and cool
the atmosphere.
A. green house gas 146. Summers are caused by

B. water vapor A. a combo of longer days and more di-

rect rays from the sun
C. dust
B. less direct rays from the sun
D. albedo
C. longer days and shorter nights
142. Who uses weather tools, gathers data, D. more direct rays and shorter days
and predicts the weather?
147. At the beach in the summertime, the
A. astrologists transfer of heat from the sand to the bot-
B. geologists toms of your feet is called
C. astronomers A. radiation

D. meteorologists B. fission
C. conduction
143. The Intertropical Convergence Zone is an
D. convection
area of:
A. High Pressure 148. Weather hazard associated with W.D. is
B. Anticyclone A. Mist

C. Low pressure B. Fog

D. meeting between subtropical low and C. Snow

polar high D. Rain

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 19

149. What types of rays are produced by solar 154. We are expecting a cold front to move
radiation? into the area later today.

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A. UV Rays A. weather
B. Visible Light Rays B. climate
C. Short waves 155. Under normal conditions, temperature
D. All of these are correct usually decreases with height in tro-
poshere is called
150. Type of hail growth where air tempera- A. temperature inversion
ture is well below freezing is
B. lapse rate
A. Wet growth
C. insolation
B. Dry growth D. albedo
C. Neutral growth
156. A well-balanced carbon cycle is the key to
D. Collision growth having a healthy , which keeps Earth at
the right temperature for life to thrive.
151. The eye forms at the center of the tropical
cyclone.At the eye of the tropical cyclone, A. greenhouse effect
cool and dry air is B. Coriolis effect
C. The girl
D. none of above
157. Western disturbances are
A. Tropical cyclones
B. Extra-tropical cyclones
C. Sub-tropical cyclones
A. sinking D. Extra-tropical frontal cyclones
B. rising 158. Which of the following is NOT evidence
of global warming?
152. The warming of the atmosphere by the
trapping of heat being radiated to space is A. Sea level rising
called B. Loss of Arctic Sea Ice
A. evaporation C. Less Water Vapor in the Air
B. condensation D. More extreme weather events
C. the greenhouse effect 159. Which of the following sets of evidence
D. radiation supports global warming?

153. What are economic impacts of a drought?

A. Low rainfall
B. High rainfall
C. Businesses lose money
D. There are no economic impacts

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 20

A. CO2 levels rising 164. The majority of Earth’s energy comes

B. Sea Levels rising from
C. Glacier mass decreasing A. the Earth’s core
D. All of the Above B. the Sun
C. hydroelectric power
160. What are the 3 major climate zones in or-
der from equator to the poles? D. burning fossil fuels
A. polar, temperate, tropical

NARAYAN CHANGDER
165. Thunderstorms occur over northern plains
B. tropical, temperate, polar and central India between
C. temperate, polar, tropical A. 3 & 4 days
D. none of above B. 2 & 4 days

161. Which type of cloud often indicates that C. 2 & 5 days

a storm is on the way? D. 3 & 6 days

166. This forms when dense air quickly moves

into an area occupied by warm air.
A. warm front
B. cold front
C. stationary front
D. occluded front
A. cirrus
167. Western disturbance moves
B. cumulonimbus
A. Westward
C. cumulus
B. North eastward
D. stratus
C. South eastward
162. Which of the following gases is respon-
D. Southward
sible for primarily heating up of the atmo-
sphere? 168. Which is correct regarding the phe-
A. Carbon dioxide nomenon of water sinking and water ris-
ing?
B. Ozone
A. Water sinks and we die because we
C. Nitrogen
drown. / Water emerges causing us to
D. None of these emerge and be reborn.
163. which type of UV-rays are not absorbed B. Water sinks, making it dangerous for
by ozone and reaches earth causing health sea swimming. / Floating water causes
hazards sea water to penetrate the land, making
A. D the soil salty.

B. C C. Water sinks, adding oxygen to the

lower layer of water / Water rising causes
C. B nutrients to rise to the upper layer of wa-
D. A ter.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 21

D. Sinking water causes cold water to cir- D. Thermosphere

culate into the lower water level / Spring E. All of the above.
water causes warm water to rise up to the

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upper water level. 172. If talking about El Niño Students will
think of
169. trade winds
A. Ronaldo Ronaldinho Despacito
A. winds that blow from west to east be-
tween 30 and 60 degrees latitude in both
B. Climate changes specific to the Pacific
hemispheres
Ocean
B. winds that blow from 30 degrees lati-
C. Australia has drought and fires, but
tude almost to the equator in both hemi-
Peru has heavy rain and floods.
spheres
D. Australia has heavy rain and floods,
C. area around the equator where there
but Peru is dry and causing fires.
is very little wind (”dull”, “sluggish”)
D. area around 30 degrees where there 173. Which layer of the atmosphere is the
is very little wind source of all weather (rain, clouds, wind,
snow etc)?
170. The precipitation symbol on this weather A. Troposphere
station model represents:
B. Stratosphere
C. Mesosphere
D. Thermosphere
E. Exosphere
174. Hail can usually only happen in which sea-
A. hail son?
B. snow A. Winter
C. rain B. Spring
D. fog C. Summer
171. Coldest layer. D. Fall
175. Upwelling is important because it brings
to the surface.
A. sharks
B. swimmers
C. nutrients
D. none of above
176. The author develops the passage pri-
marily through(A) The accumulation of de-
A. Troposphere tail(B) pro-and-con argument(C) thesis fol-
lowed by qualification(D) Assertion sup-
B. Stratosphere ported by evidence(E) analysis pf the ideas
C. Mesosphere of other

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 22

A. A D. They are fossil fuels which pollute our

B. B environment.
C. C 181. The hottest layer is the
D. D A. thermosphere
E. E B. stratosphere

177. A horizontal movement of ocean water C. mesosphere

that is caused by wind and that occurs at D. troposphere

NARAYAN CHANGDER
or near the ocean’s surface.
182. . Which of these are correct? 1.The en-
A. Gulf Stream ergy coming to and leaving from the earth
B. Global Conveyor Belt is through radiation 2Radiation from the
sun is in the form of long waves
C. Surface Current
A. only 1
D. Gyre
B. only 2
178. Which location would have the greatest
C. none of them
(highest) atmospheric air pressure under
normal conditions? D. both 1 and 2
A. At the Beach 183. In what hemisphere is this valley situ-
B. The Top of Pike’s Peak ated?
C. The Mile High City (Denver:) A. Northern Hemisphere
D. In the Foothills near Chatfield B. Southern Hemisphere

179. How much of the sun’s energy is ab- 184. A tool used to measure amounts of rain-
sorbed by Earth’s surface? fall is a(n)
A. 5%
B. 50%
C. 1%
D. 10%
180. Why are too many greenhouse gases bad
for the environment?
A. anemometer
B. thermometer
C. barometer
D. rain gauge
185. a very weak direct greenhouse gas
A. They cause trees to die.
A. carbon dioxide
B. They release heat and will be the
cause of the next ice age. B. carbon monoxide
C. They trap heat in our atmosphere caus- C. methane
ing the planet to warm up. D. water vapour

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 23

186. Air circulates in the following manner 191. In Indian region, western disturbance oc-
around a LP in the southern hemisphere cur in
(select two):

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A. Warm Front
A. clockwise
B. Cold Front
B. anti-clockwise
C. Stationary Front
C. subsiding
D. Occulded front
D. rising
E. diverging on the ground 192. All of the following statements about the
atmosphere graph below are true EXCEPT:
187. True or False:Hail is formed by water
falling from a cloud and freezing on the
way to the ground.
A. True
B. False

188. Practically all clouds & storms occur in

this layer of the atmosphere.
A. Stratosphere A. Layer A is the troposphere and temper-
B. Thermosphere ature is decreasing
C. Troposphere B. Layer B is the stratosphere and tem-
D. Mesosphere perature is increasing
C. Layer C is the mesosphere and temper-
189. Which front is usually leading the way in ature is decreasing
a mid-latitude cyclone?
D. Layer D is the thermosphere and tem-
A. Stationary front perature is decreasing
B. Cold front
193. Which is more likely to have higher tem-
C. Warm front
peratures due to the urban heat island ef-
D. Occluded front fect?
190. What is Greenhouse Effect? A. city (downtown)
A. Short term climate event bringing B. rural area
cooler drier weather to southern US and C. residential
mid-Atlantic area
D. commercial area
B. Process where ocean waters circulate
due to density differences cause arctic 194. Cold fronts move over the Western Cape
surface waters to sink and deep warmer
water to rise.
A. all year
C. Process by which greenhouse gases
B. mainly in summer
trap solar energy and warm the surface
of the earth C. mainly in winter
D. none of above D. not at all

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 24

195. With respect to Heat budget of the Earth, A. Continental Shelf

consider the following statements:1. The
B. Continental Rise
surplus heat energy from the tropics is
redistributed towards the pole as tropics C. Abyssal Plain
do not get progressively heated up and D. Terrigenous zone
high latitudes get permanently frozen.2.
Roughly 55 percent of insolation are re- 200. El Nino & La Nina are associated with
flected back to space even before reach-
ing the earth’s surface.Which of the state- A. movement of air along the Polar East-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
ments given above is/are correct? erlies

A. 1 only B. movement of large areas of warm wa-

ter in Atlantic Ocean
B. 2 only
C. movement of large areas of warm wa-
C. 1 and 2 ter in Pacific Ocean
D. None of these
D. movement of air pollution across the
196. Where you will find the ozone layer. US
A. stratosphere 201. What causes tides?
B. thermosphere A. gravity
C. exosphere
B. wind
D. mesosphere
C. spring
197. The Coriolis effect is due to the of D. neap
Earth.
A. revolution 202. which of these is not a characteristics of
temp inversion?
B. rotation
A. warm air near earth surface
C. shape
B. drizzle precipitation
D. density
C. high pollutant level
198. The ocean acts as a carbon sink, meaning
that it absorbs much of the atmospheric D. haze and fog
carbon. What significant ocean system
203. Which of the following is not a cause of
could break down magnifying the effect of
the urban heat island.
global warming
A. The hydrothermal vents A. Asphalt roads and parking areas

B. The Coral Reef B. Vehicle emissions

C. Large Blue Whale Populations C. Surface area of buildings

D. Losing too much ocean water to evap- D. Rooftop garden
oration due to global warming
204. The following graph shows the change
199. Which of the following represents the fi- in global temperatures over the past 140
nal stage in the boundary between the con- years:Which of the following theories
tinents and deepest part of the ocean? does this graph support?

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 25

C. lower sea level and habitat destruction

D. lower sea level and increased biodiver-

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sity

209. What is layer “C” of the atmosphere?

A. Global temperatures have risen due to

an increase in sunspots
B. Global temperatures have risen due to
a change in Earth’s tilt
C. Global temperatures have risen due to
an increase in carbon dioxide from fossil
fuel burning
D. Global temperatures have risen due to A. Toposphere
an increase in volcanic eruptions B. Exosphere
C. Thermosphere
205. We know a drought has ended when pre-
cipitation replenishes underground water. D. Mesosphere
A. True 210. Horizontal sunshades are required to pro-
B. False tect the windows on façade of building?
A. South
206. How can an increase in sunspots impact
global climate? B. North
A. By increasing rainfall C. West
B. By decreasing rainfall D. East
C. By increasing temperatures 211. Wind 1 occurs during the day while 2 oc-
D. By decreasing temperatures curs at night. State if the following state-
ment is true or false.
207. Western disturbance incidence in Indian
region is maximum during
A. Spring
B. Summer
C. Autumn
D. Winter
A. True
208. Which of the following is likely to occur B. False
from continued climate change and melting
polar ice caps? 212. which of the following are not a factor
A. rising sea level and habitat destruction that affects climate?

B. rising sea level and increased biodiver- A. altitude

sity B. aspect

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 26

C. distance from the sea 218. Which two processes are most likely to
D. longitude contribute to global climate change?
A. Agriculture and mining
213. Coral reefs are declining largely because
of what? B. Deforestation and fossil fuel burning

A. Increasing UV radiation C. Fossil fuel burning and agriculture

B. Decreasing UV radiation D. Sedimentation and deforestation

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. Increasing pH 219. What is O3?
D. Decreasing pH A. Oxygen
214. AVERAGE ALBEDO IN PERCENTAGE IS B. Ozone
A. 35 C. Oranges
B. 45 D. Opposites
C. 55
220. . Which of these situations would most
D. 65 likely be a result of climate change?
215. In northern hemisphere, the winter sun A. weaker storms, causing less shoreline
rises in? erosion
A. North B. shorter days, causing longer hiberna-
tion periods
B. South-East
C. shrinking glaciers, causing sea levels
C. South
to rise
D. North-East
D. increased radioactivity, causing dam-
216. Today is much colder than yesterday! age to cells

221. The solar energy that reaches Earth is

called
A. Radiant energy
B. Radiation
C. Insolation
D. Conduction
A. Weather
B. Climate 222. Low Pressure systems, including hurri-
canes, rotate in the northern hemi-
217. Precipitation always forms in the- sphere.
A. atmosphere A. North to South
B. ocean B. Clockwise
C. summer C. West to East
D. clouds D. Counterclockwise

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 27

223. The result of the weight of a column of 228. What is Climate change?
air pushing down on an area is called A. Don’t know

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A. pressure B. a change in the normal weather (or cli-
B. density mate) for that certain place
C. altitude C. What?
D. scattering D. A change that causes global warming

224. Due to the difference in air pressure, 229. Energy transformation in a thunderstorm
wind always moves from:
A. Potential energy to kinetic energy
A. high to low pressure
B. Kinetic energy to potential energy
B. west to east
C. No energy conversion
C. low pressure to high pressure
D. None of these
D. high pressure to high pressure
230. Ocean currents have an affect on which
225. Which of the following areas have two things
largest annual range of temperature?
A. climate and weather
A. Continents
B. temperature and density
B. Oceans
C. land and sea
C. Forests
D. equator and poles
D. Lakes
231. The pressure cell found at 30 degrees
226. is the long term average of weather South of the equator.
for a particular area.
A. Tropical Low
B. Subtropical High
C. Polar High
D. Polar Low

232. How would sea level rise affect the geo-

sphere?
A. Weather
A. plants and animals will die
B. Climate
B. weathering and erosion
C. Precipitation
C. increase in evaporation
D. Air Mass Phenomena
D. water will p
227. The area in Africa affected by desertifica-
tion is called 233. upwelling would
A. Sahara A. decrease biodiversity
B. Sahel B. occur in the Sargasso Sea
C. Sarah C. occur due to marine snow
D. Saar D. increase productivity

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 28

234. On an average, the insolation received by B. The effects of global warming com-
poles is about what percentage of insola- pound the heat caused by local factors
tion received at the equator? C. Concrete continues releasing ab-
A. 20% sorbed heat throughout the night
B. 39% D. Winds are unable to circulate enough
C. 68% cool air through the city
D. 2% 239. The letter in the centre of this pressure

NARAYAN CHANGDER
235. Which of the following best describes the system should be
images in the last sentence of the passage
(lines 32-43)?(A) A disdainful rehearsal of
other people’s experiences(B) A random
listing of repulsive or frightening occur-
rences(C) A thorough review of absurd leg-
ends(D) A series of increasingly detailed
and implausible events(E) A chronological
account of major storms A. L-it is a low pressure cell
A. A B. H-it is a high pressure cell
B. B
C. L-it is a high pressure cell
C. C
D. H-it is a low pressure cell
D. D
E. E 240. What does climatology mean?
A. Study of water
236. masses of puffy, white clouds, often with
flat bases. They sometimes tower to great B. Study of life
heights and can be associated with fair C. Study of climate
weather or thunderstorms
D. none of above
A. Stratus
B. Cumulus 241. When ocean temperatures rise, rises
as well due to melting.
C. Cirrus
A. water level, snow
D. Cloud
B. ice level, ice
237. Convergence in easterly waves occur
C. sea level, glaciers
A. Behind the trough
D. land level, ice
B. Ahead of the trough
C. Behind the crest 242. The summer solstice in South Africa is on
the
D. None of these
A. 21 December
238. Why does the temperature in urban heat
B. 21 June
islands remain high even at night?
A. The effects of global warming com- C. 21 September
pound the heat caused by local factors D. 21 March

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 29

243. The classification scale used to classify C. Tsunamis

tornadoes is called the: D. Earthquakes

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A. Moh’s Scale
248. What is global warming?
B. Richter Scale
A. Something
C. Saffir-Simpson Scale
B. When the sun gets to close to Mars
D. Fujita Scale
C. .When the earth wears a coat
244. What are the dangers of a violent tropi- D. when the average temperature of the
cal storm? Check all the possible answers. earth is rising or dropping
249. The following map represents the Pacific
Ocean:During a La Nina season how are
the conditions at Point A likely to change?

A. strong winds
B. storm surges
C. eartquakes
D. relative humidity
A. High temperatures, high rainfall
245. Surface currents are steered by winds, B. High temperatures, low rainfall
the Coriolis effect, and
C. Low temperatures, high rainfall
A. salinity
D. Low temperatures, low rainfall
B. continental deflection
250. What is a CAUSE of climate change?
C. temperatures
D. none of above

246. The four factors which determine the

more complex climate zones include all of
the following except:
A. longitude
A. Flooding
B. latitude
B. Recycling
C. vegetation
C. Picking up Litter
D. ocean currents
D. Carbon Dioxide
E. topography
251. The closer together the isobars,
247. As global warming continues, the inten-
sity of what type of storm that hits coast- A. the stronger the winds.
lines is predicted to increase? B. the weaker the winds.
A. Tornadoes C. the more rain.
B. Hurricanes D. the higher the temperature.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 30

252. Which zone is the tropical zone? 256. A drought is

A. Very high rainfall
B. a period of above average precipita-
tion in a certain region
C. a period of below average precipita-
tion in a certain region
A. Zone B D. a desert

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. Zone C 257. The steeper the pressure gradient, the
C. Zone D the winds.
D. Zones E A. Stronger
253. Describe the average temperature B. Weaker
change from 1880 to 2010.
258. What creates the low pressure system at
the surface?
A. Cool, dry air sinking
B. Warm, moist air sinking
C. Warm, moist air rising
D. Cool, dry air rising

A. increase by 0.8 259. What is the name given to the low-

pressure cell represented in the figure?
B. increase by 1.0
C. increase by 0.6
D. increase by 0.4
254. Most abundant gas in exosphere is
A. Storm
B. Ill
C. Hydrogen
A. Tropical cyclone
D. O2
B. Coastal low
255. Which of the following statements de-
C. Mid-latitude cyclone
scribes the formation of acid rain
A. Acid rain forms from human activities D. Cut-off low
and lowers the pH of rainwater below 7 260. Temperature is a measure of:
B. Acid rain forms naturally and lowers
A. Potential Energy of Particles
the pH of rainwater below 7
B. Kinetic Energy of Particles
C. Acid rain forms from human activities
raises the pH of rainwater above 7 C. Amount of concentrated solar radia-
D. Acid rain forms naturally and raises tion
the pH of rainwater above 7 D. Average Terrestrial Reflection

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 31

261. Consider the statements ; a. The at-

mosphere absorbs certain frequencies and
lets through some other frequencies of so-

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lar radiation b., the atmosphere regu-
lates the entry of solar radiation.
A. statements a is incorrect
B. statement b is incorrect
C. statements b correct and the state-
ment a is the correct explanation of it. A. cold front
D. statements a is correct and the state- B. warm front
ment b is the correct explanation of it.
C. stationary front
262. If you want to keep your house cool all D. occluded front
year, should you design the house roof to
have a high or a low albedo? 267. Melting glaciers are causing to rise
around the world.
A. High
A. freshwater levels
B. Low
B. salt water levels
263. Consequences of climate change include: C. greenhouse gas levels
A. Stronger hurricanes D. all of the above
B. Increased flooding
268. Which agreement allowed for a reduction,
C. Frequent droughts and eventual elimination, of CFC produc-
D. All of the above tion and use?
A. Montreal Protocol
264. Cloud formation that occurs at mountains
B. Kyoto Protocol
is called:
C. Paris Agreement
A. frontal lifting
D. Yo MaMa
B. latent heating
C. sea breeze thunderstorms 269. When two unlike air masses meet, what
usually keeps them separate?
D. orographic lifting
A. temperature difference
265. The reason that the interior of continents B. moisture difference
have more extreme temperatures than the
coastlines is that C. differences in density
D. differences in pressure
A. mountains regulate temperatures
B. oceans regulate temperatures 270. Which of the following can influence the
temperature of a place? 1. latitude of the
C. deserts regulate temperatures
place 2. altitude of the place 3. distance
D. none of above from the sea 4. air-mass circulation

266. What type of front is being modeled in A. 1, 2 and 4 only

the diagram? B. 1 and 2 only

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 32

C. 1, 2 and 3 only 274. Which of these is not an ideal condition

for temp inversion
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
A. extensive nights
271. What weather phenomenon is repre- B. stable air
sented in this image?
C. cloudy sky
D. calm air

NARAYAN CHANGDER
275. In January, Vietnam will face:
A. Southwest Monsoon
B. Northeast Monsoon
A. Moisture front C. Northwest Monsoon
B. Tropical cyclone D. Southeast Monsoon
C. Berg wind/Fohn wind 276. Meteors burn up in this layer.
D. Coastal low

272. Location of the large whole in the ozone.

A. Troposphere
B. Stratosphere
C. Mesosphere

A. Antarctica D. Thermosphere
E. All of the above.
B. Artic
C. Iceland 277. Compared to a warmer air mass, a colder
air mass
D. Africa
A. can hold more water
273. Which global winds blow from 30o lat- B. can hold less water
itude in both hemispheres almost to the
C. is less dense
equator?
D. is lighter
A. easterlies
B. westerlies 278. Air rotates around a Mid-Latitude Cy-
clone in a and direction in the
C. trade winds Southern Hemisphere.
D. the doldrums A. Clockwise and inward

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 33

B. Clockwise and outward B. South

C. Anticlockwise and outward C. East

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D. Anticlockwise and inward D. West

279. Chicago received more snow this 284. Which of the following gases protects the
decade(ten years) than in past biospheric communities from harmful radi-
decades(ten years). ations of the Sun?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. Ozone
D. Argon

285. In a low pressure cell, wind moves:

A. Weather
B. Climate

280. Which of the following is not a type of

drought?
A. Agricultural drought
B. Meteorological drought A. clockwise
C. Flash drought B. anticlockwise
D. Hydrological drought
286. Which two processes are most likely to
281. when air is cooled near its dewpoint near contribute to global climate change?
the ground A. Agriculture and mining
A. Columbus B. Deforestation and fossil fuel burning
B. cumulus C. Fossil fuel burning and agriculture
C. Cirrus D. Sedimentation and deforestation
D. Stratus
287. A personal understanding of the world
282. Which of the following is NOT correctly A. perspective
paired?
B. rural
A. Biosphere:Biomass
C. geography
B. Atmosphere:Air D. none of above
C. Hydrosphere:Water
288. Which zones are temperate zones?
D. Geosphere:Lithosphere and Land-
forms

283. On the day of winter equinox, sun rises

from
A. North

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 34

A. Zones B and C
B. Zones B, C, and D
C. Zones, D and C
D. Zones D and B

289. Low-pressure systems are usually asso-

A. high temperatures, high rainfall
ciated with weather.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. high temperatures, low rainfall
A. cold and dry
C. low temperatures, high rainfall
B. cloudy and rainy
D. low temperatures, low rainfall
C. sunny and dry
294. Which of the following determines the
D. warm and humid properties of an air mass?
290. La Niña is characterized by of the A. The conditions of the area over which
Western Pacific Ocean. it forms
A. a warming B. The phase and position of the moon
when it forms
B. a cooling
C. The exact time of year when it forms
C. average temperatures
D. The geology of the area where it forms
D. none of above
295. Which of the following is a greenhouse
291. As atmospheric pressure , altitude gas that is released by human activities
and speeds up global warming?

A. Increase, Increase A. Petroleum

B. Carbon Dioxide
B. Increase, Decrease
C. Natural Gas
C. Decrease, Decrease
D. Nuclear Power
D. Decrease, Stay the Same
296. Earth is unevenly heated due to its?
292. This is the symbol for a A. oceans and moon
B. gravity and clouds
C. tilt and shape
D. climate and weather
A. warm front
297. Which of these climate zones is more
B. cold front
likely to experience the characteristics of
C. stationary front all four seasons?
D. occluded front A. tropical
B. polar
293. The map represents the Pacific Ocean.
During a La Nina season, how are the con- C. subtropical
ditions at Point A likely to change? D. temperate

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 35

298. Warm currents and cold currents How C. Clearing land for agriculture ==>
does it affect the climate on the land? Deforestation

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A. Does not affect the climate on the land D. Melting the polar ice caps
Because the climate on the land depends
on more air circulation 303. The Sahel is
A. north of the Sahara
B. Warm currents warm the air. Take a
warm, comfortable shower / The cold wa- B. south of the Sahara
ter stream makes the weather cold, mak-
304. Select TWO weather conditions associ-
ing it impossible to take a shower.
ated with low pressure systems
C. Warm currents make the air warmer
and drier / Cold currents make the air
cooler and it rains.
D. Warm currents make the air warmer
and rain fall / Cold currents make the air
cooler and dry.
299. The layer of the atmosphere where mete- A. calm
ors burn up
B. sunny
A. mesosphere
C. cloudy
B. thermosphere
D. rain
C. troposphere
305. ozonosphere is in which atmospheric
D. stratosphere
layer?
300. Isobars are lines used on weather maps A. ionosphere
to represent air pressure B. mesosphere
A. True C. troposphere
B. False D. stratosphere
301. affects weather because the further 306. Ocean with fragile ecosystem, floating
north or south you go from the Equator, ice, and polar bears
the less solar energy (heat).
A. Pacific
A. altitude
B. atlantic
B. latitude
C. Artic
C. sunlight
D. Southern
D. atmosphere
307. Which is NOT a result of the reduction in
302. How are humans adding more green- stratospheric ozone?
house gases to the atmosphere? Check all
that apply.
A. Burning fossil fuels such as oil and nat-
ural gas
B. Animal agriculture produces large
amounts of methane gas

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 36

A. reduced photosynthetic activity 312. Radiation fog is when

B. increased skin cancer A. the valley gets a gust of wind and radi-
C. increased likelihood of cataracts ates fog
D. increased birth defects B. the valley sides appear to sweat from
overheating during terrestrial radiation
308. clouds form in low, flat layers.
C. The valley slopes warm up and the cool
air evaporates forming a cloud radiation

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. The valley floor warms as the suns
rays penetrate the fog and it appears to
lift

313. International Space Station orbits in

which atmospheric layer?
A. Cirrus A. thermosphere
B. Stratus B. exosphere
C. Cloudy C. mesosphere
D. Cumulonimbus D. troposphere
309. what latitude are we in trichy? approxi- 314. Desertification can be found in
mately
A. arid areas
A. 5 degree north
B. semi-arid areas
B. 10 degree north
C. deserts
C. 23.5 degree north
D. at the equator
D. 23.5 degree south
315. Which of the following is the correct or-
310. The conversion of water vapor into wa- der of the atmosphere layers from Earth
ter droplets in the clouds describes which to space?
part of the water cycle:
A. troposphere, stratosphere, meso-
A. precipitation
sphere, thermosphere, exosphere
B. evaporation
B. troposphere, mesosphere, thermo-
C. condensation sphere, exosphere, stratosphere
D. transpiration C. thermosphere, stratosphere, meso-
E. run off sphere, troposphere, exosphere
D. troposphere, stratosphere, meso-
311. In the last 100 years, which of the fol-
sphere, exosphere, thermosphere
lowing have added excess carbon dioxide
to the atmosphere? 316. For snow to fall, the air temperature
A. Power Plants must be what?
B. Machinery A. Above 0 degrees celsius
C. Cars B. Below 0 degrees celsius
D. All of the Above C. Freezing

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 37

D. Warmer at the ground than high in the 322. What is the major force of erosion along
air the coast?

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317. All precipitation forms from? A. Sand
B. Earthquakes
A. Water droplets or ice crystals in the
clouds C. Waves
B. Water droplets only D. Rain
C. High Dew Point 323. All of the following are human health ef-
D. High levels of humidity fects of ozone depletion except:
E. Ice crystals only A. respiratory damage
B. sunburn
318. When light bounces off an object with the
same intensity. C. cataracts
A. reflection D. skin cancer

B. refraction 324. The mechanisms that operate to transfer

C. scattering energy between Earth’s surface and the at-
mosphere
D. radiation
A. conducion, convection, radiation
319. What feature is E? B. conduction, convection, radiation
C. conduction, convection, radiation
D. nuclear fusion
325. What causes seasons in Earth, its
A. Elliptical Path
A. Volcanic island
B. Shape of Earth
B. Seamount
C. Tilted Axis
C. Mid-ocean ridge
D. Distance from the Sun
D. Abyssal plain
326. What types of rays are produced by ter-
320. What are Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)? restrial radiation
A. Greenhouse gases A. UV Rays
B. Ozone depleting gases B. Infra-Red Waves
C. UV blocking gases C. Short Waves
D. Volcanic gases D. Microwaves
321. Which of the following options correctly 327. During an El Nino, trade winds are typi-
describes the altitude of stratosphere? cally
A. 5-30 km A. about average
B. 18-50 km B. stronger
C. 50-90 km C. weaker
D. 0-50 km D. none of above

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 38

328. What might form on the ocean floor 334. How does being close to a large body of
where two plates separate? water affect weather?
A. Mid-ocean ridge A. Closer to water:Higher humidity
B. Ocean trench B. Closer to water:Warmer Winters
C. Continental shelf C. Closer to water:Smaller temperature
D. Seamount ranges between summer and winter
D. All of these options are correct

NARAYAN CHANGDER
329. Climates are classified according to two
major factors: 335. The type of formation shown is at the
southern end of the Mississippi river.
A. elevation and precipitation
What is it called?
B. latitude and temperature
C. elevation and latitude
D. precipitation and temperature

330. Which of the following natural events is

NOT a source of carbon dioxide?
A. Wildfire
B. Decomposing plants and animals A. coastal erosion
C. Volcanic eruption B. a delta
D. Earthquake C. a loess
331. Which layer of the atmosphere contains D. sand dunes
the most amount of water vapor?
336. The climogram represents a climate
A. Troposphere
B. Stratosphere
C. Mesosphere
D. Thermosphere

332. ionosphere is found in which atmospheric

layer?
A. exosphere A. oceanic
B. thermosphere B. mediterranean
C. stratosphere C. equatorial
D. hydrosphere D. tropical
333. Where does most evaporation occur? 337. What is ozone?
A. Land A. 3 nitrogen atoms
B. Clouds B. 3 oxygen atoms
C. the Ocean C. 2 oxygen atoms
D. the atmosphere D. 1 oxygen atom

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 39

338. With an increase in greenhouse gases, hu- 344. Refer to FIGURE 2.4 showing anticy-
mans are aiding in clones over southern Africa.Q-Give a rea-
son for the lack of rainfall associated with

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A. an increase in global temperatures
high pressure cell A.
B. decrease in ocean temperatures

339. Access to sufficient clean water is ?

A. A privilege.
B. A basic human right.
C. A luxury.
D. Not necessary.

340. Which one of the choices below is NOT a A. Descending air cools down and does
cause for global warming? not allow for condensation to take place.
A. Having too many cattle B. Descending air does not release mois-
B. Burning Fossil Fuels ture.

C. Reforestation C. It is located over a relatively warmer

ocean
D. Having non-veg diet
D. none of above
341. Urban areas are often warmer than the
surrounding rural areas because of 345. This type of front is associated with
heavy precipitation and/or thunderstorms
A. changes in surface to less reflective
that last for a short period of time.
ones
A. warm front
B. tall buildings can block wind movement
B. cold front
C. increased air-conditioner use and pol-
lutants increase trapped heat C. stationary front
D. All of these D. occluded front

342. Possible human solutions for limiting 346. Advent of cold front in W.D leads to
global warming and climate change are A. Cirrus cloud
B. Stratocumulus cloud
A. being more energy-efficient
C. Cumulonimbus cloud
B. using renewable sources of energy
D. Nimbostratus cloud
C. removing carbon from fossil fuel emis-
sions 347. What are the large, circular patterns in
D. all of the above which wind moves?
A. Trade winds
343. The typical weather in the rain forest is
warm and rainy. B. Convection cells
A. weather C. Doldrums
B. climate D. Convergence zones

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 40

348. Amount of insolation absorbed by atmo- 354. Which of the following substances de-
sphere plete the ozonosphere?
A. 10% A. Water vapour
B. 14% B. CFCs
C. 19%
C. Propellants
D. 23%
D. Both b and c
349. In which layer of the atmosphere does

NARAYAN CHANGDER
weather occur? 355. In which direction should the windows
A. Mesosphere face in Northern Hemisphere to receive
maximum heat in winter and least heat in
B. Thermosphere Summer?
C. Stratosphere
A. North
D. Troposphere
B. South
350. other than forests, which act as carbon
C. East
sink?
A. grassland D. West
B. volcano 356. which atmospheric layer is called chemo-
C. ocean sphere?
D. industry A. thermosphere
351. Which human activity most likely causes B. ozonosphere
acid rain?
C. troposhere
A. using chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
D. none of these
B. generating nuclear energy
C. burning fossil fuels 357. Mean daily temperatures in northern
D. using pesticides plains and northern mountain regions is

352. How warm must the water be in order to A. 250C

form a tropical cyclone? B. 210C
A. 26 degrees Celsius C. 220C
B. 20 degrees Celsius
D. 260C
C. 35 degrees Celsius
D. 18 degrees Celsius 358. Precipitation that flows over land into
rivers, streams, and eventually into the
353. Which diagram depicts a geostrophic ocean
flow.
A. Precipitation
A. B. Condensation
C. Evaporation
B. D. Runoff

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 41

359. Arrange the “average salinity” of the 363. ozone layer is present in
surface water of the sea from “highest to
A. troposphere
lowest”.

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B. stratosphere
C. mesosphere
D. thermosphere

364. What happens to the temperature if more

greenhouse gases are released into the at-
A. 1 2 3 mosphere?
B. 3 2 1 A. Temperature goes up
C. 1 3 2 B. Temperature goes down
D. 2 1 3
365. Tropical cyclones move in which general
360. What happens when a tropical cyclone direction
makes landfall?*Landfall refers to the
point where the center of a tropical cyclone A. From west to east
meets the coastline. B. From east to west
A. Weakens
C. From north to east
B. Picks up speed
D. From north to west
C. Stronger wind speeds
D. Smaller storm surge 366. Which layer is the oldest?
361. What is the critical zone?
A. The zone extends from the outer limits
of vegetation down to the zone of ground-
water
B. The zone that is at the surface of soils
C. The middle zone where infiltration oc-
curs
A. A
D. The zone that contains the unconsoli-
dated Earth materials that are intermixed B. B
with soil, air, and water and is a host of
C. D
many chemical transformations brought
about by radiant energy D. F

362. What is the average range of salinity in 367. The image display the formation of?
the ocean?
A. A Mid-latitude Cyclone
A. 24-26 ppt
B. 34-36 ppt B. A Tropical Cyclone

C. 44-46 ppt C. A Cut-off Low

D. 54-56 ppt D. A Berg Wind

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 42

368. What is the Vadose Zone? 373. A description of the environmental condi-
tions averaged over many years is called
A. The zone extends from the outer limits
of vegetation down to the zone of ground-
water A. The weather.
B. The zone that is at the surface of soils B. The climate.
C. The middle zone where infiltration oc- C. Heat capacity.
curs D. Global warming.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. The zone that contains the unconsoli- 374. Which two processes are most likely to
dated Earth materials that are intermixed contribute to global climate change?
with soil, air, and water and is a host of
A. Agriculture and mining
many chemical transformations brought
about by radiant energy B. deforestation and fossil fuel burning
C. fossil fuel burning and agriculture
369. Western disturbances are travelling
D. sedimentation and deforestation
A. High pressure systems
375. What results from livestock and other
B. Low pressure systems
agricultural practices and by the decay of
C. Tropical systems organic waste in municipal solid waste
D. Sub-tropical systems landfills?
A. Carbon Dioxide
370. What is precipitation? B. Methane
A. solids falling from the sky C. Water Vapor
B. precipitation D. Fluorinated Gases
C. any form of water that falls from E. Nitrous Oxide
clouds and reaches earth’s surface
376. third most abundant gas in atmosphere is
D. liquids falling from the sky
A. Ill
371. Middle latitudes are considered to be be- B. H2O
tween:
C. Yes
A. 30-60 degrees D. Ar
B. 60-90 degrees
377. Which hemisphere is this tropical cyclone
C. 0-30 degrees found in?
D. on the equator

372. During a(n) event, trade winds are

much stronger than usual.
A. The boy
B. The girl
C. Normal A. Northern Hemisphere
D. Partly sunny B. Southern Hemisphere

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 43

378. Urban City X has been referred to as warm air above. This is called air drainage
an urban heat island because it tends to 2. The Inversion takes place in hills and
be warmer than the surrounding rural ar- mountains due to air drainageWhich of the

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eas. The report below lists changes that statements given above is/are incorrect?
have occurred in one year in Urban City A. 1 only
X. Report for Urban City X:Eight roads
were paved. The population increased by B. 2 only
20% Public Transportation increased by C. both are correct
5% Four new apartment complexes were D. none of them are correct
built. Plans were drafted to build a lo-
cal park. A meeting was held about alter- 381. Atmospheric moisture supplies which of
native energy sources. What is the main the following type of energy to maintain
cause of Urban City X being an urban heat thunderstorm
island? A. Latent heat of convection
A. the planting of trees and other vegeta- B. Latent heat of fusion
tion C. Latent heat of condensation
B. the building of rooftop gardens D. Latent heat of vaporization
C. the installation of solar panels
382. In which atmospheric layers does temper-
D. the construction of parking areas and ature decrease with altitude?
road systems

379. Temperature increases with altitude

(height). PICK TWO.

A. Stratosphere and Thermosphere

B. Troposphere and Stratosphere
A. Troposphere C. Troposphere and Mesosphere
B. Stratosphere D. Stratosphere, Mesosphere, and Ther-
C. Mesosphere mosphere

D. Thermosphere 383. These types of sediments are biogenic in

origin and are composed of the soft parts
E. All of the above.
of decomposing animal and plant life.
380. Consider the following statements:1. A. Pelagic red clay
Cold air at the hills and mountains at B. Glacial sediments
night flows not under the influence of grav-
ity. They move down the slope to pile up C. Siliceous ooze
deeply in pockets and valley bottoms with D. Calcareous ooze

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 44

384. Name the “minor layer” that separates 388. What organisms produce dense, organic-
the troposphere from the stratosphere laden feces that sink to the ocean floor
and help to remove carbon form the atmo-
sphere?
A. Lichens
B. Zooplankton
C. Phytoplankton

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. Algae

389. Energy that is radiated or transmitted

in the form of rays or (electromagnetic)
waves or particles.
A. Tropopause
A. conduction
B. Stratopause
B. convection
C. Mesopause
C. radiation
D. Thermopause
D. temperature
385. What heats faster, land or water?
390. How can global warming cause sea levels
to rise? Choose the best answer.
A. by causing it to rain more often
B. by melting glaciers and ice caps
C. by increasing the number of undersea
volcanic eruptions
D. by creating bigger and more powerful
hurricanes
A. Land
B. Water 391. What is the reference point used to mea-
sure elevation?
386. True or False:All of the radiation from the A. lake level
Sun is absorbed by the Earth
B. sea level
A. True
C. zero
B. False
D. elevation
387. South East trade winds change into South
392. Latitude affects weather, why?
West Monsoon because it is deflected by
A. Latitude does not affect weather
A. Torrid zone
B. Sunlight is evenly distributed
B. ITCZ
C. Closer to the equator sunlight is more
C. Equator
direct, and less direct at the poles
D. Tropic of Cancer D. Closer to the poles sunlight is more di-
E. Don’t know the answer rect, and less direct at the equator

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 45

393. A polar climate is? B. Refraction

A. warm and cool C. Reflection

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B. consistently moderate D. Scattering
C. consistently cool
398. The layer of the atmosphere which con-
D. consistently warm
tains dust particles and water vapor is
394. True of False:people living in the interior called
of the United States generally experience A. Stratosphere
higher temperatures in the summer and
colder temperatures in the winter. B. Troposphere

A. False C. Ionosphere
B. True D. Mesosphere

395. Which wind systems converge on the 399. The Sumatras occur:
ITCZ, when it lies at the equator?
A. in South America
A. SW monsoon and NW monsoon
B. south of Italy
B. SE trade winds and NE trade winds
C. at the Rocky Mountains
C. NW monsoon and SW trade winds
D. between Indonesia and Malaysia
D. SW monsoon and NW trade winds

396. This is 400. How do fossil fuels affect the greenhouse

effect?
A. Burning fossil fuels decreases incom-
ing solar radiation
B. Burning fossil fuels decreases the
amount of heat trapped
A. storm surge C. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon
dioxide into the atmosphere trapping
B. thunderstorm
more heat
C. high pressure system
D. Burning fossil fuels causes less heat to
D. relative humidity be trapped
397. the phenomenon in which light rays get
401. What is the part of the Earth nearest to
deviated from its straight path on striking
the surface (to a depth of 100km) that is
an obstacle like dust or gas molecules
studied by geologists, geophysicists, ge-
omorphologists, soil scientists, vulcanolo-
gists called?
A. Hydrosphere
B. Lithosphere
C. Cryosphere
A. Absorption D. Biosphere

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 46

402. Precipitation that falls to the planet as more regionally focused and usually in-
ice crystals is known as volves more practical and specific applica-
A. Rain tions than those described in more theo-
retical area of dynamic climatology.
B. Sleet
C. Hail 405. Temperature in Troposphere
D. Snow A. Increase with Height
B. Decrease with Height

NARAYAN CHANGDER
403. How does burning fossil fuels impact the
global climate? C. Stable with Height
A. Burning fossil fuels increases the CO2 D. First Decrease then Increase
in the atmosphere, which increases the
temperature 406. Which of the following would have the
highest frequency?
B. Burning fossil fuels increases the CO2
in the atmosphere, which decreases the
temperature
C. Burning fossil fuels decreases the CO2
in the atmosphere, which increases the
temperature
D. Burning fossil fuels decreases the CO2 A. Gamma rays
in the atmosphere, which decreases the
temperature B. The color red
C. X-rays
404. What is physical climatology?
D. UV rays
A. a subfield of climatology that is related
to boundary-layer climatology in that it
407. A major difference between cyclones and
studies energy and matter, but empha-
anticyclones is
sizes the nature of atmospheric energy
and matter themselves at climatic time
scales (ex. studying the cause of light-
ning).
B. a subfield of climatology that involves
the processes (at all spatial scales) of in-
teractions between the atmosphere and
near-surface water in solid, liquid, and
A. their size
gaseous forms (interacts with studies of
other “spheres”). B. the direction of their winds
C. a subfield of climatology that is primar- C. how often they occur
ily concerned with general atmospheric
D. where they occur
dynamics the processes that induce
atmospheric motion (most work at plane- 408. The graph shows the change in global
tary scale). temperatures over the past 140 years.
D. a subfield of climatology that is very Which of the following does this graph sup-
similar to dynamic climatology by it is port?

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 47

A. The sediment type changed and pollen

began appearing in sediments

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B. Temperatures began decreasing
rapidly and the depth of the pond de-
creased
C. The Allamuchy pond was formed and
temperatures rose drastically
A. global temperatures have risen due to D. There were no changes
an increase in sunspots
411. What is the accepted thickness of the
B. global temperatures have risen due to entire atmosphere, although as we dis-
a change in Earth’s tilt cussed, there is no specific boundary be-
C. global temperatures have risen due to tween the atmosphere and outer space.
an increase in carbon dioxide from fossil A. 10km
fuel burning
B. 100km
D. global temperatures have risen due to
an increase in volcanic eruptions C. 500km
D. 10, 000km
409. The climogram represents a climate
412. In which direction should trees be planted
to reduce maximum heat radiation around
a building?
A. East
B. West
C. North
D. South
413. Some gasses within the atmosphere trap
in heat. Which of the following is a green-
house gas?
A. continental
A. Oxygen
B. mediterranean
B. Carbon Dioxide
C. equatorial
C. Nitrogen
D. tropical
D. Argon
410. According to the data, what were two
414. What kind of conditions does the follow-
specific types of changes that occured ap-
ing climatograph represent?
proximately 14, 000 years ago?

A. High temperatures, high rainfall

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 48

B. High temperatures, low rainfall 419. Most of the atmospheric and weather
C. Low temperatures, high rainfall phenomenons occur in which of the follow-
ing atmospheric layer?
D. Low temperatures, low rainfall
A. Mesosphere
415. The high temperature today will be near B. Thermosphere
75 C.
C. Troposphere
A. weather D. Stratosphere

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. climate
420. Greenhouse gases are important to our
416. When are the rainy seasons in equatorial planet’s survival because
Africa? A. They create a natural cooling effect
A. December to February and July to Oc- that keeps us from burning up.
tober. B. They fuel the cars we drive.
B. March to May and October to Novem- C. They create oxygen which we need to
ber. breathe.
C. March to May and August to October. D. They keep our earth warm so we can
D. April to July and December to Febru- sustain life.
ary. 421. In which of these areas would you be
breathing in a lot of methane gas?
417. Heated air moves which direction
A. landfill site
A. up
B. beach
B. down
C. grassland
C. right
D. mountain glacier
D. left
422. Where most water vapor is found.
418. In the Greenhouse Model what part of
the model is the same as the Atmosphere
around Earth?

A. Troposphere
A. The Ground in the Greenhouse B. Stratosphere
B. The plants in the Greenhouse C. Mesosphere
C. The glass walls of the Greenhouse D. Thermosphere
D. The magnetic waves from the sun E. All of the above.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 49

423. Albedo can best be described as

A. the temperature at the equator

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B. the amount of solar radiation ab-
sorbed
C. the amount of solar radiation reflected
D. the air pressure during El Nino
A. Cloudy/Overcast Weather
424. What causes a hurricane to rotate and
B. Cold Weather
spin the way it does?
C. Warm Weather
A. Ocean Currents
D. Fair Weather
B. Optical Illusion Effect
428. What are the two main factors that de-
C. Coriolis Effect
termine the climate of an area?
D. Mary-go-round Effect A. precipitation and humidity

425. Western disturbance over India is mostly B. temperature and air pressure
C. wind conditions and humidity
A. Strong
D. temperature and precipitation
B. Strong and regular
C. Weak and irregular 429. Water vapor released by a plant is called
A. Transpiration
D. Weak and regular
B. Infiltration
426. What is the point at which water freezes C. Runoff
(both in F and C)?
D. Condensation

430. Which of the following are ways that NA-

TURE changes the climate?
A. Storms such as El Nino / La Nina
B. Burning fossil fuels
C. Deforestation
D. Acid Rain

A. 212 F 100 C 431. The endless stream of seawater that cir-

cumnavigates all the oceans of Earth is
B. -459 F-273 C
called the
C. 32 F 0 C
A. Gulf Stream
D. -108 F-78 C B. Thermohaline Cycle

427. High Pressure is associated with this C. Global Conveyor Belt

type of weather D. none of above

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 50

432. Troposphere is the hottest part of the at- 436. Middle-latitude cyclones last:
mosphere because
A. a few days to more than a week
A. It is closest to the Sun
B. one day at most
B. Heat is generated in it
C. a few hours
C. It is heated by the Earth’s surface
D. at least a month
D. There are charged particles in it
437. which temperature inversion is associ-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
433. When the passage moves from the first ated with anticyclones?
paragraph to the second, it also moves
from(A) overview to illustration(B) anal- A. ground inversion
ysis to argumentation(C) narration of the B. frontal inversion
past to analysis of the past(D) assertion
C. subsidence inversion
to definition(E) objective presentation to
ad hominem argument D. air drainage type inversion
A. A
438. House located on which slopes in hills will
B. B get more sun in winter?
C. C A. On slopes facing North
D. D B. On slopes facing South
E. E C. On slopes facing East
434. The is the direction of the Earth’s D. On slopes facing West
wind influenced by the Earth’s rotation.
439. As Cold front moves over areas in South
Africa wind from to
A. rotate SW NW
B. veer SW NW
C. veer NW SW
D. back NW SW
A. Hadley Cells
B. Trade Winds 440. What is the part of the system that is cov-
ered by liquid water and studied by those
C. Coriolis Effect in the fields of oceanography, hydrology,
D. Doldrums and limnology called?
A. Hydrosphere
435. Which of the following are greenhouse
gases? B. Cryosphere
A. Carbon dioxide C. Biosphere
B. Methane D. Lithosphere
C. Water vapor
441. What instrument is used to determine air
D. All answers are correct pressure?

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 51

445. What does the image represent?

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A. Coral Sequestration
A. Aeromometer B. Algae Bloom
B. Anemometer C. Coral Bleaching
C. Barometer D. none of above
D. Clinograph 446. How can humans mitigate their impact on
the atmosphere?
442. In context, the image of being up under
A. Increasing industrial byproducts
Old Nell’s skirt (lines 23-24) is meant to
suggest(A) safety(B) confusion(C) domes- B. Increasing chlorofluorocarbons
ticity(D) familiarity(E) imprisonment C. Reforestation
A. A D. Develop heat islands
B. B 447. What long term impact could the destruc-
C. C tion of large areas of forests have on the
Earth?
D. D
A. Decreased rates of erosion
E. E
B. Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide
443. which of the layers does not have con- levels
stant temperature? C. Decreased amount of acid rain
A. Tropopause and Stratosphere D. Increased atmospheric oxygen levels
B. Stratosphere and Mesosphere 448. Type of inversion common to subtropical
oceans
C. Mesosphere and Thermosphere
A. ground inversion
D. Thermosphere and Troposphere
B. air drainage type inversion
444. Why is it important to know the different C. frontal inversion
types of clouds?
D. subsidence inversion
A. Clouds can indicate the time of day that
it is. 449. What is climate?

B. Clouds can indicate the type of

weather that will occur.
C. Clouds can indicate the temperature of
different layers of the atmosphere.
D. Clouds can indicate the temperature.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 52

A. What’s happening in space at a time 454. When we discuss greenhouse gases what
and place. is the main one we discuss?
B. What’s happening in our atmosphere A. Methane (CH4)
at a time and place B. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
C. The average weather over many years
C. Nitrous oxide (N2O)
D. The average temperature over many
D. Flourinated gases
years.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
455. Climate is defined as
450. What type of radiation becomes trapped
causing the greenhouse effect?
A. Short Wave UV Radiation
B. Long Wave Infrared Radiation
C. Short Wave Solar Radiation
D. Carbon Dioxide
451. Why will South Africa not be impacted by
A. a change in weather/temperature
the weather system labelled D?
over a long period of time.
A. South Africa is too far south
B. a change in density over a long period
B. The weather system will lose energy of time.
as it travels over Madagascar, hence
Madagascar protects SA form weather 456. Value of dry adiabatic lapse rate is
system oC.
C. It is winter A. 5
D. The coriolis force is too strong B. 10

452. What causes some areas of Earth to re- C. 6.5

ceive less intense solar energy than oth- D. 8.5
ers?
457. Ocean that covers largest area and has
A. the mass of earth the “Ring of Fire”
B. the curve of earth
A. Pacific
C. the density of earth
B. Atlantic
D. the elevation of earth
C. Artic
453. In a high pressure cell, wind moves: D. Southern

458. Where are the strongest winds and heav-

iest rains in a hurricane located?

A. clockwise
B. anticlockwise

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 53

A. In the eyewall
B. In the outer bands

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C. On the leading edge
D. On the lagging edge

459. Which of these is a consequence of global

warming to our oceans?
A. glacier melting
A. continental
B. frontal development
B. mediterranean
C. acidification
C. equatorial
D. cloud formation D. tropical

460. Which of the following greenhouse gases 463. How do CFCs affect ozone production?
is the focus of current public discussion? A. UV radiation frees a chlorine atom,
A. Carbon Dioxide which breaks down ozone.
B. Infrared radiation frees a chlorine
B. Methane
atom, which breaks down ozone.
C. Water Vapor C. UV radiation frees a fluorine atom,
D. Sulfur Hexafluoride which breaks down ozone.
D. Infrared radiation frees a chlorine
461. when matter captures electromagnetic ra- atom, which breaks down ozone.
diation
464. Which would you expect to have the low-
est albedo?

A. dark soil
B. white sand
A. Solar radiation C. ice and snow
B. Reflection D. deep sea water

C. Absorption 465. What two elements make the ocean

salty?
D. Radiate
A. Magnesium and chlorine
462. The climogram represents a climate B. Chlorine and sodium

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 54

C. Chlorine and iron B. Change in global climate, such as an in-

D. Sodium and iron crease in the global temperature and ma-
jor variations in precipitation patterns.
466. At what time of the day, the shadow of C. Change in weather patterns during a
any object is shortest? year
A. Morning D. A change in the earth’s climate due to
B. Afternoon human causes.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. Evening 471. Which of the following could increase the
D. None of the above amount of greenhouse gases in the atmo-
sphere?
467. An elongated area of high atmospheric A. Planting trees in areas that have been
pressure deforested.
A. Isohyet B. Reducing the use of gasoline-powered
B. Sensible heat vehicles
C. Aerosols C. Burning coal to produce electricity
D. Ridge D. Creating wind farms in desert areas

468. Without the Greenhouse Effect the Earth 472. The climogram represents a climate
would be
A. warm
B. cold
C. dead
D. none of above

469. Western disturbances deepen over

A. Rajasthan
B. Punjab
C. Rajasthan and Punjab
A. oenic
D. Gujarat
B. mediterranean
470. What is climate change? C. equatorial
D. tropical

473. winds in earth surface are caused basi-

cally by?
A. earth’s tilt
B. differential heating in various zones

A. Change in a location’s weather in a C. oceans

week D. earth’s rotation

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 55

474. what height from ground air temperature 480. What happens to the density (thickness)/
is measured? air pressure of the air as you increase in al-
titude?

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A. 0 m
B. 1.5 m A. density increases

C. 10 m B. density decreases
D. open terrace top C. density stays the same
D. density disappears
475. types of temperature inversions are
A. Air Drainage Type (intermontane) 481. The second paragraph of the passage
relies especially on the use of (A) cau-
B. Surface Temperature Type (ground)
tionary advice(B) colorful anecdotes(C)
C. Upper Surface Temperature Type (sub- self-deprecating humor(D) extended anal-
sidence) ysis(E) terrifying juxtapositions
D. Advectional Type (frontal) A. A
E. all of the above B. B
476. In which layer most meteors burn up upon C. C
entering the atmosphere? D. D
A. stratosphere E. E
B. thermosphere
482. What does a tropical typhoon need to
C. mesosphere form? Choose all the possible answers.
D. exosphere

477. Which is not a climate proxy?

A. climatograph
B. tree ring
C. coral reef
D. stable isotopes

478. What does a barometer measure? A. moist air

A. temperature B. warm water
B. air pressure C. cold wind
C. dew point D. high pressure
D. humidity
483. Which process causes the depletion of nu-
479. Meteorology is the study of the trients from soil?
A. precipitation A. Plant growth
B. atmospheric phenomena B. Drought
C. climate C. Tilling
D. weather D. Saturation

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 56

484. Scientists can extract samples of ancient have abandoned the effort to measure the
air from ice cores wind speed of tornadoes(D) predicting the
A. True path a tornado will take is extremely diffi-
cult(E) precise measurement of wind speed
B. False will aid climatologists in categorizing tor-
nadoes
485. What are the two most common green-
house gases? A. A
B. B

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. C
D. D
E. E

489. What is the cause of rising surface tem-

peratures of the Pacific Ocean, drought in
the western United States, and flooding on
A. Water Vapor (H2O) and Methane (CH4) the Pacific coast of South America?
B. Carbon Dioxide CO2and Methane A. the Gulf Stream
(CH4) B. the Jet Stream
C. Water Vapor (H2O) and Carbon Diox- C. The girl
ide CO2
D. The boy
D. Water Vapor (H2O)and Nitrous oxide
(N2O) 490. In which direction should the windows
face in Southern Hemisphere to receive
486. The latitude of Mid latitude varies maximum heat in winter and least heat in
A. with the seasons. Summer?
B. with the movements of the pressure A. North
belts. B. South
C. with the movements of the ITCZ C. East
D. all the answers are correct D. West
487. Where do typhoon forms? 491. Reflectivity of Earth is called
A. in a river or stream A. insolation
B. inside the earth B. scattering
C. over the ocean C. albedo
D. at plate boundaries D. terrestrial radiation
488. The statement “although survived” 492. The emission in which of the follow-
(lines 7-8) is an admission that(A) de- ing greenhouse gases, is entirely anthro-
tails about technical equipment are of in- pogenic?
terest only to specialists(B) some torna-
does are so powerful that scientists can- A. Chlorofluorocarbons
not quantify them precisely(C) scientists B. Methane

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 57

C. Nitrous oxide 497. Wha type of tide would this arrangement

of earth-moon-sun create?
D. Hydrogen sulphide

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493. Which of the following are possible solu-
tions to drought?
A. Water conservation
B. Deforestation
C. Storing and moving water A. full moon tide

D. Learning about drought and the envi- B. new moon tide

ronment C. neap tide
D. spring tide
494. Which of these has been controlled in an
attempt to reduce the depletion of ozone 498. Hyposaline water is water that has
in Earth’s atmosphere?
A. less salt than normal seawater
A. Methods of filtering gasoline
B. more salt than normal seawater
B. Methods of radioactive waste storage C. higher temp. than normal seawater
C. Use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) D. lower temp. than normal seawater
D. Use of mercury (Hg) compounds
499. On which slope would you find a forest
in a valley situated in South Africa?
495. The atmospheric pressure is highest near
the Earth’s surface because A. North-facing slope
A. 90% of Earth’s atmosphere is in the B. South-facing slope
troposphere.
500. Afternoon dust storms & loo are the char-
B. The mass of all of the air above acteristics of
C. of warmer temperatures. A. Cold weather season
D. of water vapor B. Southwest monsoon season
C. Retreating SW monsoon
496. Which one of the following statements re-
garding the intertropical convergence zone D. Hot weather season
(ITCZ) is correct? 501. Which of the following is the highest
A. Frequent and widespread thunder- layer of atmosphere?
storms are to be expected within the area A. Homosphere
of the ITCZ.
B. Exosphere
B. The ITCZ is always associated with a
C. Mesopause
strong jet stream.
D. Ionosphere
C. The ITCZ does not change its position
during the course of the year. 502. In which atmospheric layer does most
D. Thunderstorms seldom occur within precipitation occur?
the area of the ITCZ. A. Thermosphere

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 58

B. Stratosphere 508. The lower portion of the thermosphere is

C. Mesosphere composed mainly of
D. Troposphere A. Hydrogen and helium
B. Helium only
503. These global winds steadily blow toward
the poles and appear to curve to the east: C. Oxygen and nitrogen in molecular form
A. Polar Easterlies D. Oxygen and nitrogen in atomic form
B. Prevailing Westerlies

NARAYAN CHANGDER
509. Hailstones are predominant during
C. Northeast Tradewinds
A. Monsoon season
D. Doldrums
B. Summer season
E. Coriolis Force
C. Winter season
504. What effects does global climate change
D. Pre-monsoon & winter months
have on the water cycle?
A. Increases the rate of evaporation from 510. terrestrial radiation is in the form of
land A. longwave radiation
B. Increases the rate of evaporation from B. shortwave radiation
the sea
C. both
C. Increases the amount of water vapor
the atmosphere can hold D. none
D. all of the above 511. What factors affect the circulation of
505. which inversion has a slope ocean surface water?
A. frontal A. wind
B. subsidence B. Coriolis force
C. ground C. continent edge
D. all of these D. All correct.
506. Global warming leads to changes in the 512. At the center of a mid-latitude cyclone is
climate, including a
A. Storms and Floods A. high pressure center
B. Droughts B. low pressure center
C. Heat Waves
C. tornado
D. All of the Above
D. hurricane
507. Which of the following tides is the low-
est and occurs near the times of the first 513. Which of the following is not associated
and third quarter phases of the Moon? with the passing of a cold front.
A. Fall A. heavy rain and thunderstorms
B. Spring B. heavy rain and hail
C. Neap C. heavy rain and snow
D. Luna D. light rain and drizzle

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 59

514. a boundary between two air masses of 518. Which process uses oxygen through a
different density, moisture, or tempera- chemical process?
ture

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A. Respiration
A. Station model
B. Decomposition
B. Front
C. Oxidation
C. Low pressure
D. Combustion
D. Radio Model
519. is the description of current condi-
515. Which of the following is likely to occur
tions of the atmosphere in a particular
from continued climate change and melting
place.
polar ice caps?
A. Weather
A. Rising sea level and habitat destruc-
tion B. Climate
B. Rising sea level and increased biodi- 520. Which type of weathering occurs as a re-
versity sult of acid rain?
C. Lower sea level and habitat destruc- A. Mechanical
tion
B. Chemical
D. Lower sea level and increased biodi-
versity C. Dissolution
D. Frost wedging
516. This image shows the position of the in-
version layer of the Kalahari anticyclone. 521. What has the highest albedo?
Which season is represented in this image?

A. Winter A. the oceans

B. ASummer B. Ice in the Arctic or Antarctic

517. Refer to FIGURE 2.1 which shows air C. the ground

movement in a valley.Q-This wind occurs D. roads
during the (day/night) in valleys
522. the weather conditions prevailing in an
area in general or over a long period.

A. Day
B. Night A. Climate

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 60

B. Latitude 527. The passage implies that unlike hurri-

C. Hadley Cell canes, tornadoes are not given human
names because(A) there are too many of
D. Greenhouse effect them (B) their destruction is not as great
as that of hurricanes (C) they last too short
523. Clouds are formed by the process of
a time (D) they move too erratically to be
plotted(E) they can appear in any area of
the world

NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. A
B. B
C. C

A. precipitation D. D

B. evaporation E. E

C. condensation 528. What is the dew point?

D. collection

524. Which is the main factor that affects the

circulation of deep water and ocean sur-
face water?
A. temperature
B. Salinity
C. Temperature, salinity, density A. the temperature at which condensa-
tion begins
D. Temperature, salinity, density, turbid-
ity, and ecosystem health. B. the temperature at which frost turns
to dew
525. The main human activity that releases C. the temperature present in a cloud
greenhouse gases is
D. the temperature present when a storm
A. using bottled water begins
B. burning fossil fuels
529. Urban City X has been referred to as a
C. texting on cellphones heat island because it is warmer than the
D. eating meat surrounding rural area. The report below
lists changes that occurred in one year in
526. As humans burn fossil fuels they release Urban City X:Eight roads were repaved
carbon dioxide which can dissolve inside The population increased by 20% Public
of the oceans and other bodies of water. transportation increased by 5% Four new
What is this called? apartment complexes were built Plans
A. Ocean Acidification were drafted to build a local park What
is the main cause of Urban City X being an
B. Acid Rain heat island?
C. Smog A. The planting of trees and other vegeta-
D. Global Warming tion

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 61

B. The building of rooftop gardens A. Snow

C. The installation of solar panels B. Frost

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D. The construction of parking areas and 533. out of the total radiation received (so-
road systems lar constant) what percentage is totally re-
flected back? by clouds and earth surface
530. This diagram shows how a certain type
together
ofprecipitationis formed. Water drops are
caught in up-drafts and down-drafts, over A. 5
and over, before they fall to Earth as B. 10
C. 25
D. 50
534. What is the 2nd most abundant gas in the
atmosphere?
A. Nitrogen
B. Oxygen
C. Argon
D. Carbon Dioxide
535. Why are there no tropical cyclones at
A. dew. the equator?A.The Coriolis force is directly
proportional to the angle of latitude. It is
B. hail.
maximum at the poles and is absent at the
C. rain. equator.B.At the equator wind blows per-
D. snow. pendicular to the isobars. The low pres-
sure gets filled instead of getting intensi-
531. Size of hails becomes larger, when thun- fied. The winds directly gets uplifted ver-
derstorm updrafts are, tically to form thunderstorms.which state-
A. Weaker ment is incorrect.

B. Stronger A. only 1
B. only 2
C. Downward
C. both are incorrect
D. Upward
D. None of them
532. Refer to FIGURE 2.1 which shows air
movement in a valley.Q-The form of precip- 536. Why are La Nina conditions especially im-
itation experienced at C is (frost/snow). portant to areas such as Texas and Califor-
nia?
A. because La Nina brings drought to
these farming areas
B. because La Nina brings needed rain to
these farming areas
C. because it brings rain and floods and
there are many people in these areas

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 62

D. La Nina does not really impact these 542. When a warm air mass and a cool air
areas like El Nino does mass converge what is likely to happen as
a result?
537. What is the fundamental cause of air cir-
A. The sky becomes clear
culation in Earth’s atmosphere?
B. Winds die down
A. ocean currents
C. Cloud formation decreases
B. Earth’s gravity
D. Stormy weather patterns develop
C. energy from the sun

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. Earth’s magnetic field 543. This gas makes up 21% of the atmo-
sphere
538. Which of the following would cause the A. ozone
temperature to increase across the globe?
B. oxygen
A. The boy
C. nitrogen
B. The girl
D. water vapor
C. Sun Spots
544. The layer of the atmosphere where
D. Volcanic Eruptions
weather occurs is the
539. Antarctica always has frigid(very cold) A. thermosphere
temperatures. B. mesosphere
C. troposphere
D. stratosphere

545. What is the greenhouse effect?

A. The warming of a planet due to
trapped radiation.
B. The cooling of Earth due to air pollu-
A. Weather tion.
B. Climate C. The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
540. Which human activity has contributed to D. none of above
the formation of the hole in the ozone
546. Auroras and Northern Lights occur here.
layer?
A. burning of high-sulfur coal
B. use of chlorofluorocarbons
C. production of lead batteries
D. destruction of rainforests

541. slope aspect is the angle at which the

sun’s rays strike a slope
A. True
B. False A. Troposphere

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 63

B. Stratosphere 552. The short term variations in atmospheric

phenomena that interact and affect the en-
C. Mesosphere
vironment and life on Earth is called

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D. Thermosphere
E. All of the above.

547. upwelling is driven by

A. plankton
B. wind
C. predation
D. density differences A. Climate
B. Temperature
548. In which of the following layers, the tem-
perature rapidly increases with altitude? C. Weather

A. Troposphere D. Atmospheric Phenomena

B. Stratosphere 553. TEMPERATURE IN TROPOSPHERE

C. Thermosphere A. DECREASES WITH HEIGHT
D. Homosphere B. INCREASES WITH HEIGHT
C. FIRST INCREASE THEN DECREASES
549. Which is likely to occur after moist air is WITH HEIGHT
cooled below its dew point?
D. FIRST DECREASES THEN INCREASE
A. Evaporation increases WITH HEIGHT
B. Ice crystals melt
554. When deep-ocean currents run into land,
C. Water condenses occurs.
D. Winds are generated A. upwelling
B. upswelling
550. The process of breaking up rocks on
Earth’s surface is called C. downwelling
A. sediment D. none of above
B. erosion 555. Which of the following is the best conclu-
C. weathering sion that can be made from this graph?

D. deposition

551. The temperature to which air must be

cooled for water vapour to condense
A. Cyclone
B. Dew point
C. Rainfall variability
A. atmospheric carbon dioxide levels
D. Ridge have been decreasing since 1960

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 64

B. Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide 561. What happens to the light and UV rays
C. humans have been working hard to de- when they reach the atmosphere?
crease carbon dioxide levels A. They become scattered
D. atmospheric carbon dioxide levels B. They are absorbed
have increased steadily since 1960 C. They are reflected back toward space
556. Which front often produces hours of D. All of these are correct
moderate-to-light precipitation over a

NARAYAN CHANGDER
large area? 562. Which of the following are man-made
causes of drought?
A. polar
A. Less precipitation (rainfall, snowfall)
B. warm
than expected
C. cold
B. Dam building
D. maritime
C. Agriculture (Irrigation)
557. How many parts per million of carbon D. Deforestation
dioxide in our atmosphere would be con-
sidered a dangerous level? 563. The most abundant greenhouse gas in the
A. 150ppm atmosphere is

B. 300ppm A. oxygen

C. 450ppm B. nitrogen
D. Cane C. carbon dioxide
D. argon
558. The gradual increase in the temperature
of the atmosphere is known as 564. What evidence is there to support the
A. Greenhouse Effect statement that the synoptic weather map
depicts summer?
B. Global Warming
A. The date is for summer (20/02/2022)
C. Atmospheric sickness
B. The mid-latitude cyclones that are
D. Atmospheric pressure
present
559. Which of these sets of three items pro- C. the low pressure cell (also know as the
duce CFCs thermal low) is over the interior of SA
A. cars, factories, and cardboard D. The South Atlantic and South Indian an-
B. spray cans, cardboard, insulation ticyclones are further south with the mid-
latitude cyclones
C. spray cans, refrigerant, cardboard
E. The kalahari anticyclone is present
D. spray cans, refrigerant, insulation
over the interior of SA
560. What is the function of the ozone layer?
565. There’s not enough ozone in the upper at-
A. to allow UV rays to get to Earth mosphere, and this is why we talk about
B. to block UV rays from getting to Earth the ozone hole.
C. To keep oxygen in A. True
D. to allow meteors to get to Earth B. False

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 65

566. Which of the following instruments is 572. What is layer “B” of the atmosphere?
most useful in tracking a hurricane?

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A. Thermometer
B. Anemometer
C. Satellite
D. Barometer
567. Rising sea levels would
A. increase coastal property values.
B. expose low-lying islands.
C. accelerate coastal erosion. A. Stratosphere
D. cleanse coastal aquifers. B. Mesosphere
C. Thermosphere
568. In an occluded front, a faster moving
front overtakes a slower moving D. Exosphere
front.
573. How are deep currents created?
A. warm, cold
A. Density differences
B. cold, warm
B. Wind
C. cold, stationary
D. occluded, stationary C. From runoff and rain
D. Continental deflections
569. The Mistral is an example of:
A. valley wind 574. What is the rate of momentum of Earth
around the Sun?
B. sea breeze
C. Foehn wind A. 30o per hour

D. katabatic wind B. 18o per hour

C. 15o per hour
570. What phenomenon naturally warms
Earth’s lower atmosphere and surface? D. 12o per hour
A. The formation of sunspots 575. Which of the following has the longest
B. Changes in the shape of Earth’s orbit wavelength?
C. Global warming
D. The greenhouse effect
571. In Northern hemisphere, light entering
from which side of opening in a room is
more uniform throughout day?
A. East A. microwaves
B. South B. UV rays
C. North C. Infrared
D. West D. Gamma rays

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 66

576. What is the approximate level of carbon 580. Produces a larger number of weaker
dioxide in the atmosphere today? waves.
A. 100 ppm A. reflection
B. 200 ppm B. refraction
C. 300 ppm C. scattering
D. 400 ppm D. radiation
577. Located CLOSEST to Earth’s surface.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
581. Which of these ocean currents is less
likely to affect Atlantic Ocean hurricanes?
A. The boy
B. The girl
C. The Indian Ocean gyre
D. none of above

582. Climate change can lead to

A. sea level rise and floods in coastal ar-
A. Troposphere eas
B. Stratosphere B. less freshwater
C. Mesosphere
C. increase in droughts
D. Thermosphere
D. all of the above
E. All of the above.
583. T/F:Some greenhouse gases are natu-
578. What evidence is there that A is the
rally present in the Earth’s atmosphere
south-facing slope?
A. True
A. Has less vegetation (only grass)
B. has more vegetation such as trees B. False
C. More direct sunlight = warmer tem- 584. Water density differences in the oceans
peratures are caused by:
D. Less direct sunlight = cooler temper- A. Salinity
atures
B. Temperature
579. What are the two factors that determine
C. volume
a region’s climate?
D. pressure
A. average daily high and low tempera-
tures 585. What is the meteorological conditions in
B. maximum yearly high and low temper- an area over a long period of time?
atures A. climate
C. average yearly temperature and pre-
B. weather
cipitation
D. average yearly temperature and eleva- C. precipitation
tion D. insolation

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 67

586. Which of the following is NOT a green- B. Make the ozone hole smaller
house gas? C. Make the ozone hole larger

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A. Carbon dioxide D. Thin the layer to allow more gas to es-
B. Methane cape
C. Water vapor 591. The process when warm moist air cools
D. nitrogen and becomes clouds?

587. This occurs when water droplets in clouds A. Evaporation

return to Earth’s surface. B. Condensation
A. Runoff C. Transpiration
B. Condensation D. Solidification
C. Precipitation
592. Which of these is not one of the three ba-
D. Evaporation sic climate zones?
588. Urban City X has been referred to as a A. polar
heat island because it is warmer than the B. tropical
surrounding rural area. The report lists
C. subtropical
changes that occurred in one year in Urban
City X D. temperate

593. What is a solution to climate change?

A. the planting of trees and other vegita-

tion
B. the building of rooftop gardens
A. Driving automobiles more and putting
C. the installation of solar panels more CO2 into the air.
D. the construction of parking areas and B. Leaving trash on the floor walking
road systems more.
589. What phenomenon naturally warms C. More Deforestation, pollution, and lit-
Earth’s lower atmosphere and surface? tering.
A. The formation of sunspots D. Picking up litter, reducing pollution in
B. Changes in the shape of Earth’s orbit the air, using cleaner sources of energy.

C. Global warming 594. What phenomenon naturally warms

D. The greenhouse effect Earth’s lower atmosphere and surface?
A. The formation of sunspots
590. The Montreal Protocol banned the use of
CFCs. What so they hope this will do for B. changes in the shape of Earth’s orbit
the ozone layer? C. global warming
A. Deplete it completely D. the greenhouse effect

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 68

595. Which temperature of air weighs more? from? And when we meet, what will hap-
A. warm pen? In order

B. cold A. From low latitudes / From high lati-

tudes / Boom It’s Cocoa Crunch.
596. Which layer of the atmosphere do we live B. From high latitudes / From low lati-
in? tudes / Boom It’s Cocoa Crunch.
C. From low latitudes / From high lati-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
tudes / Bank
D. From high latitudes / From low lati-
tudes / Bank

600. Cutting down large forests (deforesta-

tion) can result in:
A. Troposphere
A. little to no changes
B. Stratosphere
B. more homes for animals
C. Thermosphere
C. less plants to absorb carbon dioxide, a
D. Ionosphere greenhouse gas
597. What does climatology focus on? D. none of above
A. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells 601. Which is more likely to have higher tem-
B. The Amoeba Sisters peratures due to the urban heat island ef-
fect?
C. Modern climate change and Climate
variability A. CBD
D. Me B. Suburbs
C. Green belt areas
598. Arrange the “average temperature” of
the surface water of the sea from “high- D. Outlying shopping centres
est to lowest”.
602. grapes like being planted on the shady
slopes, just like trees.
A. True
B. False
C. grapes like sunshine
D. Grapes like facing the north
A. 1 2 3 603. What is the region comprising frozen wa-
B. 3 2 1 ter in all its forms (glaciers, sea ice, sur-
face and subsurface ice, and snow) and
C. 2 1 3 studied by those specializing in glaciology
D. 1 3 2 called?

599. Where do warm currents come from? A. Hydrosphere

And where does the cold current come B. Lithosphere

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 69

C. Biosphere 609. What are the primary sources for the

vast quantities of dissolved substances in
D. Cryosphere
the ocean?

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604. exosphere mainly consists of A. Chemical weathering of rocks
A. hydrogen B. Biogenic reactions
B. helium C. Ocean acidification

C. both D. Wave action

D. none 610. What is weather?

A. described through the direct measure-
605. Latitude are imaginary lines that run: ment of particular atmosphere properties
A. East-South such as temperature, precipitation, hu-
midity, wind direction, wind speed, cloud
B. North-South cover, and cloud type.
C. East-North B. the study of weather the overall in-
D. East-West stantaneous condition of the atmosphere
at a certain place and time.
606. Which statement describes climate? C. state of the atmosphere for a give
A. A sunny day with strong winds place over time.
D. the rate of incidence of a particular
B. winter rainfall with low temperatures
phenomenon at a particular place over a
C. a cloudy day with scattered thunder- long period of time.
showers
611. Which of the following factors is not as-
D. a cool morning, becoming warmer mid sociated with Insolation at the Surface of
afternoon Earth?
607. Which of the following is the most trou- A. Rotation of earth on its axis
bling greenhouse gas being produced by B. Angle of inclination of the sun’s rays
humans?
C. Transparency of the atmosphere
A. Water Vapor D. None of the above
B. Methane
612. Photosynthesis takes out of the at-
C. Nitrous Oxide mosphere and replaces it with after
D. Carbon Dioxide photosynthesis.
A. oxygen, carbon dioxide
608. What is the percentage of oxygen in
B. carbon dioxide, oxygen
Earth’s atmosphere?
C. nitrogen, oxygen
A. 1%
D. nitrogen, carbon dioxide
B. 21%
613. In which temperature of air do the
C. 78%
molecules spread out and take up more
D. 90% space?

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 70

A. cold C. Meteors
B. warm D. Air Pressure

614. What kind of conditions would the cli- 618. How do ocean surface currents circulate?
matograph represent? A. Rotating counterclockwise in the
Northern Hemisphere
B. Rotating clockwise in the southern
hemisphere

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. There are 2 major sites in the North-
ern Hemisphere and 3 major sites in the
Southern Hemisphere.
D. All correct.
A. high temperatures, high rainfall 619. What is the GREENHOUSE EFFECT?
B. high temperatures, low rainfall
C. low temperatures, high rainfall
D. low temperatures, low rainfall

615. Which body has the greater effect on

Earth’s tides?
A. When sunlight is used by plants to be
turned into energy.
B. The gas that comes from pollution
C. When sunlight gets trapped from leav-
ing the earth because of too much pollu-
tion.
A. Sun
D. When smoke turns green.
B. Saturn
620. Polluted air above a city, prevented from
C. Moon
rising by an inversion
D. Venus A. Frost pocket
616. High thin, white, feathery clouds made of B. Isohyet
ice crystals C. Pollution dome
A. Cirrus D. Dew point
B. cumulus 621. Where does the air move in an ANTICY-
C. Isobar CLONE?
D. Barometer

617. What decreases as you go up in the at-

mosphere?
A. Altitude
B. Atmosphere

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 71

A. Upwards C. Antarctica
B. Downwards D. Greenland

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622. Human induced global warming is known 627. What are the two main factors that de-
as: termine the climate of an area?
A. Anthropogenic climate change A. precipitation, humidity
B. Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum B. humidity, pressure
(PETM) C. pressure, temperature
C. Natural Climate Change D. temperature, precipitation
D. The Greenhouse Effect
628. What type of weather is associated with
623. The isobar interval on a synoptic chart is the eye of the tropical cyclone?
usually 2 or 4. A. Calm, dry and clear weather
A. True B. Stormy and windy weather
B. False 629. A dark and thin tree ring indicates cli-
624. In the past, refrigerators, aerosol spray mate conditions.
propellants and cleaning solvents were all A. late summer and dry
sources of a greenhouse gas known as B. late summer and wet
A. carbon dioxide C. spring and dry
B. methane D. spring and wet
C. chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
630. Atmospheric stability leads to thunder-
D. nitrous oxide storm development. State whether the
statement is true or false.
625. Choose the correct option
A. True
B. False
C. Either true or false
D. Neither true nor false

631. The climogram represents a climate

A. Warm Front
B. High Air Pressure
C. Cold Front
D. High Temperatures

626. Where is the evidence of climate change

(in the form of increasing temperatures)
most easily seen?
A. Amazon A. oceanic
B. Sahara B. mediterranean

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 72

C. equatorial B. water pollution

D. tropical C. land pollution
632. Maximum intensity of easterly waves is D. noise pollution
at
637. Earth absorbs % of insolation
A. 500 hPa
A. 1
B. 200 hPa
B. 35

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. 600 hPa
D. 850 hpa C. 10
D. 51
633. The greenhouse effect is human-induced.
A. True 638. Snowfall and rainfall occurs in
B. False A. Forward sector of W.D.

634. Where is the temperature the highest? B. Backward sector of W.D

C. Westward
D. Southward

639. Which layer of the atmosphere has all of

Earth’s weather?
A. 1
A. mesosphere
B. 2
C. 3 B. stratosphere

D. 4 C. troposphere
D. thermosphere
635. In the summer we usually experience
high temperatures and very little rain. 640. The transition zone between troposphere
A. weather and stratosphere is called
B. climate A. Tropopause
636. This picture shows people walking B. Stratopause
through a highly-polluted city in China. C. Way-army
From what type of pollution are they pro-
tecting themselves based on what they D. Ther is no zone between tropo and
are wearing? stratosphere

641. The amount of precipitation over a pe-

riod of time is measured with what instru-
ment?

A.

A. air pollution

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 73

B. mediterranean
C. equatorial

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B. D. tropical

645. A cold air mass moves underneath a

warm air mass causing the warm air to
rise. This event can best be identified as-
A. cold front
B. warm front

C. C. stationary front
D. occluded front

646. What percentage of our atmosphere is

made up of other gases such as argon, wa-
ter vapor, and carbon dioxide?
A. 1%
D.
B. 21%
C. 78%
642. A result of upwelling is a/an in nutri- D. 90%
ents in the water.
647. True or False:Global warming has the po-
A. Decrease tential to disrupt the thermohaline circula-
B. Increase tion.
C. No Change A. True
D. none of above B. False

643. In northern hemisphere, the summer sun 648. Choose the correct option
rises in?
A. North-East
B. West
C. South-East
D. East
A. High Pressure
644. The climogram represents a climate
B. Warm Front
C. Cold Front
D. Mountains

649. How do droughts impact farmers?

Choose the correct answers.
A. Crops may die
A. oceanic B. Farmers don’t lose money

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 74

C. Farmers spend money on irrigation or 654. Both El Nino and La Nina have this in com-
wells mon
D. Farmers may lose cattle A. Influence birds that migrate over the
ocean
650. what hemisphere is this climogram lo-
cated? B. Influence rainy / dry weather world
wide
C. The weather at the polar regions

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. The directions that ships travel in the
oceans

655. As humans burn fossil fuels they release

carbon dioxide which can dissolve inside
of the oceans and other bodies of water.
A. Northern H. What is this called?
B. Southern H. A. Ocean acidification
C. Impossible to know B. Acid rain
D. none of above C. Smog
651. value of ELR is about oC per km D. Global warming
A. 5 656. a large mass of ice that moves very
B. 5.5 slowly, usually down a slope or valley
C. 6.5 A. Issue
D. 9.8 B. Mountain
C. Glacier
652. The Younger Dryas was a period of rapid
cooling 12, 800 to 11, 500 years ago. D. Fossil fuel
What era did this occur in?
657. The main natural cause of Drought is
A. Holocene
A. Deforestation
B. Pleistocene
B. Building dams
C. Miocene
C. Less precipitation than expected
D. Paleogene
D. Excessive use of water by people
653. Increased carbon dioxide may cause
global warming by trapping more in 658. What is the percentage of nitrogen in
the atmosphere. Earth’s atmosphere?
A. water A. 1%
B. gases B. 21%
C. heat C. 78%
D. water vapor D. 90%

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 75

659. Which of the following form of precipita- 665. Which layer of the atmosphere contains
tion, hail belongs to the greatest amount of water vapor?

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A. Solid form of precipitation A. Thermosphere
B. Liquid form of precipitation B. Troposphere
C. Gaseous form of precipitation C. Mesosphere
D. None of these D. Stratosphere
660. The ozone layer protects us from 666. Which of the following compounds is
A. UV rays found within the atmosphere and can act
B. CFCs to trap heat?

C. Increased atmospheric heat A. Carbon Monoxide

D. Decreased atmospheric heat B. Helium

C. Water
661. Tropical storms in the Northwest Pacific
are called D. Ammonium
A. Hurricanes 667. The layer of the atmosphere containing
B. Cyclones the ozone layer is
C. Typhoons A. troposphere
D. Tornados B. stratosphere
662. The two factors that make sink within C. thermosphere
the ocean, forming deep-ocean currents, D. mesosphere
are temperature and
A. continental deflection 668. What is climate?

B. surface currents
C. salinity
D. none of above

663. The layer of greenhouse gases is situated

above the ozone layer.
A. True
B. False

664. Wind on Earth, including massive storms A. A long period of time.

like hurricanes, are deflected. What is the
cause of this phenomena? B. Atmospheric conditions of a place at a
particular point in time.
A. Red Shift
C. Average atmospheric conditions of a
B. Doppler Effect place over a long period of time, usually
C. Coriolis Effect 30 years.
D. Blue Shift D. Current weather outlook of a place.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 76

669. Ocean acidification begins with C. composition

A. pollution from ships D. temperature
B. carbon dioxide released from combus- 674. ideal conditions for temperature inver-
tion sion
C. dumping of waste from cities into the A. long nights
ocean B. clear skies
D. none of above C. calm stable air

NARAYAN CHANGDER
670. How does the concentration of carbon D. all of these
dioxide in the atmosphere affect climate?
675. Area where trade winds of both hemi-
A. As carbon dioxide concentrations in- spheres meet is called?
crease, temperatures increase
A. Easterlies
B. As carbon dioxide concentration in- B. Westerlies
crease, temperatures decrease.
C. Horse latitudes
C. Carbon dioxide concentrations have no
affect on climate D. Doldrums

D. As carbon dioxide concentrations in- 676. This gas makes up 78% of the atmo-
crease, temperatures become more ran- sphere
dom. A. oxygen
671. Ocean with icebergs and penguins B. nitrogen
A. pacific C. ozone
D. carbon dioxide
B. atlantic
C. artic 677. True or False-the Greenhouse Effect is a
bad thing for the environment
D. southern
A. True
672. All of the following are natural sources B. False
that can change the climate except
678. The Study of Earth’s natural landscapes
A. Volcanoes:They release sulfur dioxide
and physical systems
and dust particles that can reflect light.
A. Cartography
B. Changes in Solar Radiation from the
Sun. B. Climatology
C. The burning of coal and other fossil fu- C. Physical Geography
els by humans. D. Meteorology
D. Clouds:They reflect light back into 679. Tracking Earth’s Larger Atmospheric Sys-
space before it reaches the surface. tems Over a Long Period of Time
673. The layers of the atmosphere are classi- A. Cartography
fied according to changes in B. Climatology
A. altitude C. Meteorology
B. density D. Diffusion

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 77

680. In both hemisphere, movement of wind C. proxy gases.

above 30o latitude is called? D. offset gases.

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A. Trade Winds
685. Which of the following layers of atmo-
B. Doldrums
sphere produces auroras in the sky?
C. Easterlies
A. Mesopause
D. Westerlies
B. Ionosphere
681. What is the definition of weather? C. Stratosphere
A. a period of abnormally dry weather D. Troposphere
that lasts at least 2 years
B. the specific condition of the atmo- 686. Which is a major source of air pollution
sphere at a particular place and time created by humans?

C. a complex community of organisms A. hydroelectric plants

and the community’s environment B. industrial factories
D. a release of toxic gas C. reforestation
682. The albedo of the Earth as a whole is D. nuclear power
A. 25% 687. Peninsular India has well defined winter
B. 50% season. State whether the statement is
true or false.
C. 35%
A. True
D. 10%
B. False
683. Why are these error bars smaller near
C. None of the above
the year 2000 than in the 1890s?
D. none of above

688. In the Northern Hemisphere a Low pres-

sure system rotates
A. Clockwise
B. Anti-clockwise

689. guess the nearest monthly mean mini-

A. better graphing technique mum temperature for trichy during Decem-
ber month
B. better technology
A. 10 ‘c
C. Someone made a mistake
B. 15 ‘c
D. worse methods of collecting data
C. 20 ‘c
684. Gases such as water vapor and carbon
D. 30 ‘c
dioxide that trap heat near Earth are
known as 690. What phenomenon naturally warms
A. global gases. Earth’s lower atmosphere and surface?
B. greenhouse gases. A. The formation of sunspots

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 78

B. Changes in the shape of Earth’s orbit C. It is an adiabatically heated wind blow-

C. Global warming ing down a mountain side. The tempera-
ture on the lee side is normally lower than
D. The greenhouse effect on the windward side of the mountain at
the same level.
691. Meteorological drought is caused by dam
building. D. It is a warm and moist anabatic wind
that usually carries precipitation.
A. True
695. Belts of winds between 30o to 60o are

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. False
called?
692. Contains molecules that absorb harmful A. Easterlies
ultraviolet rays.
B. Westerlies
696. Process by which, in a fluid being heated,
the warmer part of the mass will rise and
the cooler portions will sink.
A. conduction
B. convection
C. radiation
D. temperature
697. What causes the temperature to increase
A. Troposphere in the stratosphere?
B. Stratosphere A. Nitrogen
C. Mesosphere B. Ozone
D. Thermosphere C. Water Vapor
E. All of the above. D. carbon dioxide
693. dynamic climatology deals with 698. The direct transfer of heat from one sub-
A. spatial variations in meteorology stance to another by touching.
A. heat
B. development of climate through time
B. convection
C. thermodynamic processes in atmo-
sphere C. temperature
D. local or hemispheric climate D. conduction

694. What is a Foehn wind? 699. What type of weather does an ANTICY-
CLONE bring?
A. It is a flow of warm air up a slope of a
hill caused by surface heating.
B. It is an adiabatically heated wind blow-
ing down a mountain side. The tempera-
ture on the lee side is normally higher than
on the windward side of the mountain at
the same level.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 79

A. Clear and calm 704. The image displays the formation of?
B. Stormy A. Berg Winds

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B. Tropical Cyclones
700. Cloudy nights can be warmer than clear
nights because clouds trap heat C. Cold front
A. produced by the friction of air particles D. Line Thunderstorms
B. generated from tropical winds 705. What is being show in this image?
C. released from Earth’s interior
D. absorbed by Earth during daylight
hours

701. Widespread rains occur in eastern coast

during retreating SW monsoon due to
A. Severe winds in western coast
B. Severe cyclonic storms in Arabian sea
C. Severe cyclonic storms in Bay of Ben-
gal
D. High pressure system over Bay of Ben-
gal

702. Effects of U.V. radiation on the human

eyes,

A. Formation of an occluded front

B. Formation of a tornado
C. mP meeting cT
D. Formation of a stationary front

706. Deep Ocean currents are a result of

A. Global Wind Patterns
A. Cataracts B. Earth’s Rotation
B. Skin cancer C. Density
C. disruption of photosynthesis D. All of the above
D. Premature aging of skin. 707. Which of the following is transmitted in
long wave?
703. Cyclones rotate clockwise in the South-
ern Hemisphere and anti-clockwise in the A. All radiations
Northern Hemisphere. B. Terrestrial radiation
A. True C. Insolation
B. False D. Solar radiation

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 80

708. What forms near the low pressure cen- 714. which of the following is the extension
ter when the cold front catches the warm of south temeperate zone?
front? A. from tropic of Capricorn to Antarctic
A. occluded front circle
B. stationary front B. from equator to arctic circle
C. hurricane C. from equator to tropic of cancer
D. tornado D. from tropic of cancer to arctic circle

NARAYAN CHANGDER
715. Trees, water features and parks located
709. Thunder is caused by
in the city centre help reduce the effect of
A. the discharge of ultraviolet energy the urban heat island because
B. the electric barrier A. The provide a place for people to relax
C. the rapid expansion of superheated air B. They provide a place for criminals to
D. the impact of electricity hitting the lurk.
Earth C. They increase evaporation
D. They increase condensation and cloud
710. Which lists some effects of El Niño?
formation
A. warmer temperatures and more rain
716. Refer to FIGURE 2.4 showing anticy-
B. warmer temperatures and less rain clones over southern Africa.Q-Why does
C. cooler temperatures and less rain high pressure cell B dominate the interior
of South Africa in winter?
D. none of above

711. When animals and plants die, they re-

lease into the ground and air.
A. Carbon
B. Hydrogen
C. Water
D. Nitrogen A. Less heating of land surface increases
convection.
712. As the ocean becomes more acidic, the pH
of the water B. Lower temperatures over the interior
causes the air to subside and create a
A. increases
high pressure.
B. decreases
717. How does deforestation affect the global
713. In the Southern hemisphere, the sun rises climate?
to the? A. Trees take in CO2. Without trees,
A. South of East there is more CO2 in the air, which makes
the globe warmer.
B. South of West
B. Trees take in CO2. Without trees,
C. North of West there is more CO2 in the air, which makes
D. North of East the globe colder.

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 81

C. Trees take in O2. Without trees, their 722. Which of the following is incorrect about
is more O2 in the air, which increases the tides?a) Neap tide has maximum range of
temperature. tide b) Spring tide occurs when sun,

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moon and earth are in a straight linec)
D. Tree roots help regulate the tempera-
Neap tide occurs when moon and sun are
ture by absorbing runoff and precipitation.
perpendicular to each other.d) Time be-
718. What is used to measure the strength of tween the high tide and low tide, when
a hurricane? the water level is falling, is called ebb.

A. Fujita Scale A. b

B. Weather Men B. a
C. c
C. Weather Women
D. d
D. Saffir/Simpson Scale
723. India come under
719. When large amounts of carbon dioxide
dissolve in the oceans, what is the result? A. Northern Hemisphere

A. seawater with higher pH B. Southerm Hemisphere

B. seawater with lower pH 724. What does the term La Niña refer to?
C. Rising Sea Levels A. Short term climate event bringing
cooler drier weather to southern US and
D. Increase Coral Growth
mid-Atlantic area
720. Refer to FIGURE 2.1 which shows air B. Short term climate event bringing
movement in a valley.The zone labelled B warmer wetter weather to southern US
is the (thermal belt/frost pocket). and mid-Atlantic area.

725. Marine organisms make their shells from

calcium and
A. chloride
B. carbonate
C. seawater
D. none of above
A. Thermal belt
726. Which continent receives sunlight for
B. Frost pocket maximum hours?
A. Asia
721. Because Earth’s axis is , the hemi-
spheres receive different amounts of solar B. Europe
energy at different times. C. Africa
A. straight D. South America
B. titled
727. How much time does it take for Earth to
C. bent complete one rotation?
D. not there A. 23 hours 58 minutes

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 82

B. 23 hours 54 minutes 731. How much of the solar energy is re-

C. 23 hours 56 minutes flected back to space by gasses, clouds,
and aerosols?
D. 24 hours
A. 5%
728. This image shows the position of the in-
B. 25%
version layer of the Kalahari anticyclone.
Which season is represented in this image? C. 50%
D. 100%

NARAYAN CHANGDER
732. By how many degrees does the Earth’s
axis of rotation is tilted?
A. 23.5o
B. 27.5o
A. Winter C. 25.6o
B. Summer D. 24.6o
729. Which is NOT true about ozone formation 733. what percentage of the total radiation is
and destruction? gained by ground as diffuse and direct ra-
diation?
A. 10
B. 50
C. 25
D. 20
A. Its formation and destruction is an ex-
734. With respect to Fogs which of the follow-
ample of a dynamic process in nature.
ing statements is/are correct?1. Due to
B. It forms when a free oxygen atom re- inversion of temperature in lower layers
acts with a molecule of oxygen. of atmosphere smoke and dust particles
C. UV radiation breaks up ozone by split- get collected beneath the inversion layer
ting off an oxygen atom. and spread horizontally to fill the lower
strata of atmosphere. 2. Due to occur-
D. Ozone cannot reform once it absorbs rence of Inversion in the morning of sum-
UV radiation. mer season, dense Fogs are a common phe-
nomenon 3. The inversion commonly lasts
730. What is the temperature of the ascending
for few hours until the sun comes up and
cloud at 5 km from the earth’s surface, if
begins to warm the earth.
its temperature is 1oC at 3 km?
A. -9oC A. 1 only

B. -19oC B. 1 and 2 only

C. 11oC C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 21oC D. 1 and 3 only

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 83

735. What are the 5 main greenhouse gases? A. Increased chance of flooding
B. Increased chance of droughts

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C. No change
D. Increased chance of snowstorms
740. Katabatic winds blow
A. down slope at night
B. up slope at night
A. Bad, Naqa, Sh4, Haqqa, Aa C. upslope during during the morning
B. Bad, naw, nh4, right, aa D. down slope during the afternoon
741. A Meteorologists study what?
736. The first sentence of the passage (lines 1-
14) employs all of the following to convey A. Living Things
the power and variety of tornadoes EX- B. Matter and Energy
CEPT(A) abstract generalization(B) the jar- C. Climate and Weather
gon of climatologists(C) metaphor(D) par-
allel construction(E) varying degrees of D. Weather and Animals
formality 742. Which of the following regions on Earth
A. A has the highest concentration of dust par-
ticles?
B. B
A. Equatorial region
C. C
B. Polar region
D. D
C. Tropical region
E. E
D. Tundra region
737. What is the main source of energy that 743. Which is associated with an increase of
drives all weather patterns? chlorofluorocarbons in the environment?
A. The Sun A. An increase in health risks associated
B. The Moon with UV radiation
C. Oceans B. An increase in the levels of methane
gas in the atmosphere
D. Mountains
C. An increase in ozone levels in the up-
738. Western disturbance originates in per atmosphere
A. Atlantic region D. An increase in acid precipitation
B. Asian region 744. Temperature of a region is affected by
C. West Atlantic or Mediterranean re- which of the following characteristics?
gions A. Latitude
D. European region B. Altitude
C. Distance from large bodies of water
739. During an El Nino occurrence, how could
the weather in the western US be im- D. Ocean Currents
pacted? E. All of the above

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 84

745. T/F:Water vapor is a greenhouse gas A. Weather

A. True B. Climate
B. False C. Seasonal Change
746. What layer of the atmosphere is “A”? D. none of above

750. Constantly moving system of deep-ocean

circulation driven by temperature and

NARAYAN CHANGDER
salinity. It moves water around the globe.
A. California Current
B. Global Conveyor Belt
C. Surface Currents
D. Gulf Stream
A. Exosphere
B. Thermo-sphere 751. Upslope and Anabatic winds are the same
thing.
C. Mesosphere
A. true
D. Troposphere
B. false
747. The picture depicts the position of the
Kalahari anticyclone and inversion layer in 752. Which layer of the atmosphere has the
which season? ozone layer?
A. Summer A. the stratosphere
B. Winter
B. the troposphere
748. The passage ends on a note of(A) ut- C. the mesosphere
ter exhaustion(B) genuine relief(C) catas-
trophic destructiveness(D) ominous warn- D. the thermosphere
ing(E) lighthearted irony
753. Of the following gases, which one does
A. A
NOT contribute to global warming?
B. B
A. Water Vapor
C. C
B. Oxygen
D. D
E. E C. Carbon Dioxide
D. CFC’s
749. You walked outside today-and it was
snowing. 754. What proxy is the ratio of O18 to O16
called?
A. ice cores
B. sediment cores
C. pollen
D. stable isotopes

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 85

755. What is formed when sediment is de- A. Angle of Insolation

posited within a channel when the velocity B. Barycenter
drops in a wide, shallow channel?

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C. Equinox
A. Oxbow Lake
D. none of above
B. Delta
C. Braided Stream 760. Air that has a 100 percent relative humid-
ity is said to be
D. Point Bar
A. stable
756. Over the past 30 years, May has been B. dry
the rainiest month.
C. saturated
D. unstable

761. Climates are classified according to two

major factors: and
A. elevation and precipitation
B. latitude and temperature
A. Weather C. elevation and latitude
B. Climate D. precipitation and temperature
757. Which among the following is the 3rd 762. Climates are classified according to two
largest country area wise? major factors:
A. India A. elevation and precipitation
B. China B. latitude and temperature
C. Brazil C. elevation and latitude
D. USA D. precipitation and temperature
758. Natural shadow less light is available 763. The carbon cycle is a delicate balance
from which direction? between photosynthesis, respiration, and
A. East
B. North A. the Coriolis Effect
C. South B. decomposition
D. North-East C. the dew point

759. The center of mass of an object D. none of above

764. The fall of temperature in troposphere is

known as
A. Adiabatic rate
B. Lapse rate
C. Temperature rate
D. Thermal loss

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 86

765. Which layer of the atmosphere absorbs 769. Cloud cover is an example of which green-
and protects us from UV radiation from the house gas?
sun?
A. aerosol
A. Troposphere
B. water vapour
B. Stratosphere
C. ozone
C. Mesosphere
D. carbon dioxide
D. Exosphere

NARAYAN CHANGDER
E. Thermosphere 770. Which of the following is contributing to
an INCREASE in carbon dioxide in the at-
766. Visible light reaches Earth’s surface
mosphere?
while infrared light is trapped as heat.
Which characteristic of Earth’s atmosphere A. deforestation
causes this to happen? B. photosynthesis
A. The ozone hole
C. oceans
B. The inversion layer
D. all of the above
C. The greenhouse effect
E. the loss of animal species
D. The atmospheric continuum

767. An is a large volume of air that has 771. Terrestrial radiation is in the form of
the same characteristics such as humidity A. near infrared
and temperature.
B. thermal infrared
C. shortwave infrared
D. microwave

772. Oxygen and Nitrogen make up MOST of

the gas in the atmosphere. All other gases
within the atmosphere total what percent-
A. Air Mass age of the atmosphere?
B. Relative Humidity
A. 5%
C. High Pressure
B. 50%
D. Low Pressure
C. 25%
768. The dew point temperature refers to
D. 1%
A. the temperature at which precipitation
is expected. 773. What is the condition of the Earth’s atmo-
B. the temperature at which condensa- sphere at a certain time and place?
tion occurs. A. climate
C. the temperature as which clouds dissi- B. temperature
pate.
C. weather
D. the temperature that dew will occur on
the ground. D. atmosphere

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1.1 CLIMATOLOGY 87

774. Air pressure is expressed on maps using A. sunspots

B. global warming

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C. ice ages
D. arid

778. The outermost portion of the Sun’s atmo-

sphere is called
A. Photosphere
A. Contour lines B. Corona
B. Thermalbars C. Chromosphere
C. Isobars D. Halo
D. Isoparabolic intervals
779. International Space Station orbits in
775. The causes of drought can either be natu- which atmospheric layer?
ral or man-made?
A. exosphere
A. True
B. thermosphere
B. False
C. stratosphere
776. The most common form of precipitation in
D. ionosphere
the summer is
A. Rain 780. What do you call the center of a tropical
B. Snow cyclone?

C. Sleet A. Eyewall
D. Hail B. Eye
C. Heart
777. The gradual increase in the temperature
of the atmosphere is known as D. Core

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