A.

Data Kondisi Operasi Furnace F-14-001

Tanggal Flow Flow Flow Flow Rate Flow Flow T in T out

Rate Rate Rate Steam Rate Rate Feed Feed
Feed Fuel Fuel Atomizing LP Steam Steam (°C) (°C)
(T/D) Oil Gas (T/D) (Steam Coil
(T/D) (T/D) Stripping (T/D)
)
(T/D)
8/10/201 5704.5 12 36.5 20 25.7 55.35 246 355
6

B. Data Rata-Rata Furnace Furnance F-14-001

No Pemeriksaan Satuan Nilai

1 Flow Rate Feed T/D 5704.5
2 Flow Rate Fuel Oil T/D 12
3 Flow Rate Fuel Gas T/D 36.5
4 Flow Rate Steam Atomizing T/D 20
5 Flow Rate LP Steam (Steam T/D 25.7
Stripping)
6 Flow Rate Steam Coil 55.35
7 T in Feed °C 246

8 T out Feed (°C) °C 355

9 Spgr 0.9067
10 RD Dry Gas 0.792
11 T out Stack °C 223
12 P Steam Atomizing Kg/cm2g 8.5
13 Tekanan LP Steam (Steam Kg/cm2g 3.62
Stripping)
14 Temperatur Tekanan Pembakaran °C 236
15 O2 Excess % 7.7

C. Data Komposisi Fuel Gas

Komposisi % Komposisi (% Vol=%mol)

CH4 28.4
C2H4 14.4
C2H6 9.9
C3H6 2.8
C3H8 0.6
iC4H10 1.2
nC4H10 0.1
C4H10 0.5
C4H10(tr) 0.2
C4H10(cis) 0.1
C5H12 0.1
CO2 3.9
 CO 2.9
O2 2.1
N2 100
H2 18
Total 14.8

D. Data Komposisi Fuel Oil

Komposisi % Komposisi (% wt)

Carbon 84.4
Hidrogen 11.5
Sulfur 3
Oksigen 0.2
Nitrogen 0.3
Ash Content 0.1
Moisture Content 0.5
Total 100
Perhitungan Neraca Energi

A. Perhitungan Panas Total Masuk Furnace

1. Panas Sensibel Fuel Oil
Q = m x Cp x ∆T
Dimana :
m = Laju alir massa fuel oil (lb/hr0)
1 D 1000 Kg 1 lb
= 12 T/D x x x
24 hr 1T 0.454 kg
= 1101.32 lb/hr
Cp = Kapasitas panas fuel oil (Btu/lb ̊F)
Mencari nilai Cp didapat dari grafik specific heats of hydrocarbon liquids,
Process Heat Transfer, Kern D.Q. Fig.4
-. Sprg = 0.9067
141.5
-. 0API = - 131.5
sprg
141.5
= - 131.5
0.9067
= 24.56
-. Tin = 153 0C = 307.40 0
F Cp = 0.560 Btu/lb0F
0
-. Tref = 60 F Cp = 0.432 Btu/lb0F
Maka diperoleh Cp rata-rata = 0.496 Btu/lb0F

Jadi, Q sensibel fuel oil = 1101.32 lb/hr x 0.496 Btu/lb0F x [ 307.40 - 60 ] 0F

= 135143.61 Btu/hr

2. Panas Pembakaran Fuel Oil

Q = m x LHV
Dimana;
m = Laju alir massa fuel oil (lb/hr)
= 12.0 T/D
1D 1000 kg 1lb
= 12.0 T/D x x x
24 hr 1T 0.454
= 1101.32 lb/hr

LHV = Lower heating Value (Btu/hr)

= 13080 - 3425 [ sprg ]2
= 13080 - 3425 [ 0.90672]
= 10264.29 kcal/kg

0.454 lb 1000 cal 1 Btu

= 10264.29 kcal/kg x x x
1 kg 1 Kcal 252 cal
= 18492.02 Btu/lb
 Jadi Q pembakaran fuel oil = 1101.32 lb/hr x 18492.02 btu/lb
= 20365631,46 Btu/hr

3. Panas sensibel fuel gas

Q = m x Cp x Δ T

Dimana ;
m = Laju alir massa komponen fuel gas (lb/hr)
= %komponen x laju alir fuel gas
Dimana;
massa komponen
-. %komponen = x 100
massa total komponen
Massa komponen = mol x BM

-. Laju alir fuel gas = 36.5 T/D

1D 1000 kg 1 lb
= 36.5 T/D x x x
24 hr 1T 0.454 kg
= 3349.85 lb/hr

Cp = Kapasitas panas fuel oil (Btu/lb0F)

Cp pada keadaan T = 100 F x cp non hidrokarbon parafinic
-. Tin = 37.78 0C = 100.00 0F
-. T ref = 60 0F
Jadi Q sensibel fuel gas : 140843.84 Btu/hr

4. Panas Pembakaran Fuel Gas

Q = m x LHV
Dimana;
m = Laju alir massa fuel oil (lb/hr)
= 36.5 T/D
1D 1000 kg 1 lb
= 36.5 T/D x x x
24 hr 1T 0.454 kg
= 3349.85 lb/hr

LHV = Lower Heating Value (Btu/lb)

6.8718
= (155 + 1425 + RD) x
RD
6.8718
= [155 + 1425 + 0.792] x
0.792
= 13715.77 kcal/kg
0.454 lb 1000 cal 0.004 Btu
= 13715.77 kcal/kg x x x
1 kg 1 Kcal 1Cal
= 24907.83 Btu/lb
 Jadi Q pembakaran fuel gas = 3349.85 lb/hr x 24907.83 Btu/lb
= 83437494.32 Btu/hr

5. Panas Sensibel Udara pembakaran

Q = m x Cp x ΔT
Dimana;
m = Laju alir massa udara pembakaran (kg/hr)
= 206215 Kg
Cp = Kapasitas panas fuel oil (Btu/lb ̊F)
Cp di dapat dari sifat-sifat udara pada tekanan atmosfir
-. T ambient = 360C Cp = 1.0063 Kj/Kg0C
-. T Udara Pembakaran = 236 0C Cp = 1.0312 Kj/Kg0C
Cp = 1.01875 Kj/Kg0C
Jadi Q sensibel udara pembakaran :
= 206215.00 Kg x 1.01875 Kj/Kg0C x [ 236 -36 ] 0C
= 42016306.25 kj/hr
0.95 Btu
= 42016306.25 kj/hr x
1 Kj
= 39823055.06 Btu/hr

6. PanasSensibel H2O dari Udara

Q = n x Cp x ΔT
Dimana;
n = mol H2O (gmol)
= 6186.44 kg
6.18644 gr
=
BM
6.18644 gr
=
18 gr /gmol
= 0.34 gmol
Cp = Kapasitas panas H2O (gcal/gmol K)
-. T = 30 0C = 303 K Cp = 8.028 gcal/gmol K
0
-. T ref = 25 C = 298 K Cp = 8.024 gcal/gmol K
Cp = 8.026 gcal/gmol K
Jadi Q sensibel H2O dari udara :
= 0.34 gmol x 8.026 gcal/gmol K x [303 - 298] K
1 cal 0.004 Btu
= 13.79 gcal x x
1000 gcal 1Cal
= 0.0001 Btu/hr

7. Panas Sensibel steam Atomazing

Q= m x H
Dimana;
 m = Laju alir massa steam atomizing (lb/hr)
= 20.0 T/D
1D 1000 kg
= 20.0 T/D x x
24 hr 1T
= 833.33 kg/hr

H = Entalpi Steam Atomizing (kj/kg)

P = 8.5 Kg/cm2gage + 0.9869 Kg/cm2atm
= 9.4869 kg//cm2abs
Dengan menggunakan steam table, maka didapat:
T = 178 0C = 352 0K
H = 2774.2 kj/kg

Jadi, Q sensibel steam atomizing :

= 833.33 kg/hr x 2774.2 kj/kg
= 2311833.33 kj/hr
0.95 Btu
= 2311833.33 kj/hr x
1 Kj
= 2191155.63 Btu/hr

B. Perhitungan Panas Keluar Furnace

1. Panas yang diserap oleh Feed
Q = m x Cp x ∆T
Dimana :
m = Laju alir massa feed (lb/hr)
= 5704.5 T/D
1 D 1000 Kg 1 lb
= 5704.5 T/D x x x
24 hr 1T 0.454 kg
= 523540.74 lb/hr

Cp = Kapasitas panas feed (Btu/lb ̊F)

Mencari nilai Cp didapat dari grafik specific heats of hydrocarbon liquids Process
Heat Transfer, Kern D.Q. Fig.4
-. Sprg = 0.9067
141.5
-. 0API = - = 131.5
sprg
141.5
= - = 131.5
0.9067
= 24.56
- T in = 245.60 ̊C 474.08 ̊F Cp = 0.650 Btu/lb ̊F
- T out = 355.40 ̊C 671.72 ̊F Cp = 0.750 Btu/lb ̊F
Maka, diperoleh Cp rata-rata = 0.705 Btu/lb ̊F

Jadi, Q sensibel feed = 523540.74 lb/hr x 0.705 Btu/lb ̊F x (671.72 – 474.08) ̊F

 = 72948177.25 Btu/hr

2. Panas Sensibel Steam Coil

Q=mxH
Dimana:
m = Laju alir massa steam coil (lb/hr)
= 55.35 T/D
1 D 1000 Kg
= 55.35 T/D x
24 hr 1T
= 2306.25 kg/hr

H = Entalpi Steam Coil (kj/kg)

P = 8.5 kg/cm2gage + 0.9869 kg/cm2 atm
= 9.4869 kg/cm2abs

Dengan menggunakan steam table, maka didapat:

T = 177.7 ̊C = 352 ̊K
H = 27742.2 kj/kg
Jadi, Q sensibel steam coil :
= 2306.25 kg/hr x 2774.2 kj/kg
0.95 Btu
= 6397998.75 x
1
= 6078098,81 Btu/hr

3. Menghitung Heat Flue Gas

4. Heat Loss Akibat Radiasi
5. Heat Loss Akibat Konveksi

Input Output
Q1 135143.61 Q8 72948177.25
Q2 20365631,46 Q9 6078098,81
Q3 140843.84 Q10 7869944
Q4 83437494.32 Q11 4294051
Q5 39823055.06 Q12 3046693
Q6 0.0001 Q13 47863838
Q7 2191155.63
TOTAL 146093323.86 TOTAL 142100802.06
 Q8+ Q 9+Q10
Efisiensi =
TOTAL∈¿ ¿

72948177.25+6078098 , 81+ 7869944

Efisiensi =
146093323.86