3rd November 2020 Raveendranatha Pai J - 5662

Students, SY Bcom C
Symbiosis College Of Arts And Commerce

| Using memes as a method to teach

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Abstract

Internet Memes have had a huge impact and influence on a variety of situations for the last few
years, a major part of the population now knows what they are and knowingly or unknowingly share
and use them. Recently due to the pandemic there has been a major shift from classrooms to the
online teaching platforms, and it has been hard for teachers to teach and students to learn, with the
right influence, memes look like a good candidate to use as a supplementary teaching method, the
research paper aims to analyse what goes on behind a meme, what it actually is and whether we
can use it in classrooms.Topics that are analysed are influence, humour, teaching, student
participation and the role of memes in these attributes.

Introduction
The word “meme” has its roots from the greek word μιμητής (mimētḗs) which means to pretend, a
derivation of this word was used by Dr Richard Semon, in his book “The Mneme”, In 1976, Dr.
Richard Dawkins first coined the word “Meme” in his book “the selfish gene”. (Dawkins 16)
To show how ideas and culture propagate in our society, Dawkins conveys that meme’s are the
fundamental unit of transmission of the various bits of cultures or ideas,meme’s are similar in
function to genes i.e Analogous, but as Genes have a piece of coded information called the DNA,
the memes do not have this, rather humans have not been able to identify this, for similar reasons
up until 1990, there was much speculation on how these memes are transferred between people,
because there was no method to track how meme’s go around.
Like Genes, memes also undergo evolution and can be represented with its own rendition of the
information presented through inheritance and they are also prone to dying out and being forgotten if
they aren’t good enough, whereas some memes stick around for a long time.

In the basic definition of memes,the different type of handshakes can be an example, whereas the
Internet meme came to existence in the 1990's, where Mike Godwin wrote an article for the WIRED
magazine, mentioning how internet memes work. Internet memes also made it easier to track,
transfer faster and influence more people forming a fundamental part of Internet culture today.
Education and teaching have been continuously reformed by technology to ensure the efficiency and

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effectiveness in learning. A forced change the Covid 19 pandemic caused a huge shift to online
based classes, attention in class and retention of information are two major concerns that online
classes create, therefore rendering them an ineffective mode of teaching, reforms to facilitate better
learning have to made, this research paper explores an unorthodox method.

Objectives :

1. To establish memes as a means of communication and/or teaching

2. To measure the speed at which a meme transfers information between 2 people
3. To measure how information travels in the informal channel of communication.
4. To explore the effectiveness of memes in a conversation.
5. To understand how memes influence people's behaviour.
6. To find out the role of memes in social inclusion.

Questions addressed:

1. Can memes be used as a supplementary method of teaching?

2. Do memes influence our daily lives
3. Can memes help in learning?

Sample of research study

Sample size 233 people

Sampling technique Random sampling technique

Statistical instrument Questionnaire

Data analysis Pie chart (graphical representation)

Research Methodology

This study is based on an analysis of primary and secondary data

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 ● Primary data

1) questionnaires from 233 students of the age range 18-22 years.

2) A live poll conducted in class with the help of a professor who displayed memes, related to
the topic taught.

● Secondary data

Collected through various articles, research papers and websites as cited in Bibliography

Teaching with memes

Teaching with memes has been a discussed concept only in relation with the inclusion of social
media or in a specialised setting such as a language class, here we try and understand memes on a
universal scale, at the age where concepts like globalisation and a global village are gaining
attention we have to discuss the ways in which information travels through various mediums and
memes help us understand this, an attempt at teaching with memes, assigning creation of memes
related to the subject according to the originality, will help us understand how the same information
is interpreted by different people and offer various perspectives on the same topic hence promoting
heuristic learning.

Memes can help understand concepts that are hard to explain and at the same create curiosity
about a certain topic. Languages like german have words with meanings that other languages might
not.

Besserwisser, is a german word used for some who knows everything and is arrogant about it, this
meme connects the personality of Sheldon Cooper who is a prodigy from the sitcom The Big Bang
Theory, making it easier for the reader to relate and get a better grasp of the concept,hence the
language.

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A recent trend bought the Schrodinger's cat experiment making its way to the memes, to understand
the experiment, imagine a cat in a box and until you open the box the cat can be dead or alive, but
one can never know until they open the box, Schrodinger used this experiment/ paradox to describe
what the problem with the Copenhagen interpretation with Quantum mechanics, this is taught to
physics students worldwide, here the meme uses the concept and turns it into a funny metaphor with
the plates.

Real world concepts such as share trading, inheritance,evolution, thought generation can be taught
through memes. Communities on reddit such as MemeEconomy and InsiderMemeTrading, give
value to some memes that are in trend and attach Meme coins, a type of fictitious currency, and
speculate the trends in the rise and fall of memes creating the simulation of the share trading
platforms.An instance where a meme led to the creation of the Dogecoin cryptocurrency from the
Doge meme can work in explaining how cryptocurrency works much through influence exactly like
the story of the dogecoins inception story.
Given its close link to genetics and inheritance memes are also an alternative to teach/introduce the
concept of inheritance and genetics, the evolution of some memes can help us understand the
pattern of human thoughts and its influence along with evolutionary psychology.
As we are in the midst of a global pandemic, where our physical social interactions have reduced to
a great extent, memes serve as a form of social currency to start and promote human interactions in
a virtual platform.

To promote effective and efficient learning, it has shown that teaching helps retain the learnt content
the most, with rise in technology we have broadened our horizons in teaching, with tools such as
blogs and youtube videos, creation of an internet meme requires in depth knowledge of the subject,
and depending upon how creative it is, it will help the other students bring out new perspectives,
hence, if creation of subject related memes are given as an activity it will promote learning as well as
receive a huge response from students. It is also established that humour and intelligence have a
positive correlation.
Consider this social experiment where a high school teacher named Angelina Murphy, let her
students create memes as the final activity of their school year. This activity has gathered a huge
response from the students and the idea was also well accepted by the general public.
The pandemic of Covid-19 has also forced schools and colleges to go online, on their mode for

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teaching and in this scenario it is hard to bring in the classroom feel, which causes a burden in
learning, at times like this, memes prove effective as they are capable of conveying a whole concept
just through a meme and numerous memes on the same topic can broaden perspectives of the
student and deepen their understanding too.

The Meme Pandemic

How memes influence
An internet meme in general when it has reached its pinnacle of influence or awareness is known to
be “Viral”, meaning that it has taken a bit of the mental space of a wide population, huge enough for
it to qualify as a news material.
Recently memes have had a considerable influence in the United States elections for past 2 terms
and one of the candidates Michael Bloomberg hired people to make memes on him as an indirect
method of campaigning. Masayoshi son, (CEO of softbank) uses memes in his presentations,
Christopher "moot" poole, founder of 4chan won the Time 100 poll just with the influence of a meme
community backing him up.Candidates such as Barack Obama, Joe Biden,Donald Trump, Mitt
Romney, Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders have all become a part of the meme culture.

Both the memes talk about the issue of Trump’s stance in keeping mexicans out and in the subsequent issuing of H-
1B visas for non americans.

Recently memes have been used as a tool of public activism, where policymakers are called out for
their ignorance or making uneducated statements as seen in the case of the U.S elections.
In the case of climate change, there are memes that are made on Greta Thunberg for her stance on
climate change.Creators of memes analyse meme trends so that they can capitalise on the “viral
effect” of these memes, one such case is that of climate change and pollution, which capitalised on a
trend where people used to post a picture of them with a 10 year difference, Global warming

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advocates used this trend to raise awareness of the damage we do to the environment.

Memes have also become an inevitable part of viral marketing, brands hire specialists in creation of
memes and trend manipulators so that they exploit these meme trends to get maximum reach in the
cheapest option available, through social media.
Recently, brands have tried to advertise by making memes with the dialogues of latest series
released on OTT platforms in context with their identity as a brand. An example of a brand in india
that has revolutionised advertising in meme formats is AMUL, they are not identified as memes
because they started of by releasing these snippets as cartoons in newspaper and then slowly
progressing to billboards of the major cities in india, but the effective word play, one image template
and relation to current events are all characteristics of today's internet memes, in retrospect AMUL
has become a brand to enjoy the benefits of First mover advantage

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Memes have also been the cause for some problems such as the spread of fake news some
conspiracy theories like the flat earth have gained real momentum and wide network of believers
that the earth is flat and all space expeditions are fake, in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic,
fake news through memes were shared on whatsapp and other social media platforms, claims were
made that, chilli can kill the coronavirus and there was a frenzy that was caused due to panic, where
everyone was hoarding toilet paper, memes on this aggravated the situation as those who still had
toilet papers now had to buy because toilet papers would get over in the departmental store.
The initial damage control was through memes, where brands and other organisations would
promote proper prevention protocols and explain how fake news works which raised awareness
among citizens, memes that contain fake news are generally created by the youth who are aware
that it is a joke, but through mass circulation, the Older generation aren't equipped to differentiate
fake news from the real and spread it around with the intention of protecting those around, but in
effect causes greater harm.The situation with toilet papers in the USA was so serious that the
president had to address it.

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Memetics in definition is the study of culture, and memes are the transferable unit of culture.
Memetic studies also involve tracking the transmission,formation and mutation of memes, the
internet has become a mode of communicating, which has made it easier to track memes, but
recently, politicians, organisations and a few troublemakers have identified the impact memes can
make, and have created Meme factories and use it to manipulate the ordinary citizen which brings
up the question whether memes have to be regulated on the internet. Memes have also been a
medium of free speech, to regulate it is also to jeopardise this element, major movements wouldn't
be able to use this cheap advertising. Memes also play a role in social inclusion: people who cannot
keep up with the latest trends have it easy now with the creation of websites like know your meme
and Meme.com instagram handles: SteveExplains and magazines: Meme Insider.
Carl Jung introduced the concept of Archetypes, which talks about different characteristics for
different type of people and their personality, one of which is the Jester archetype, besides the fun
loving nature, another facet of this archetype is the unbridled criticism of authority, deployed in a coy
manner, delivered through a sarcastic or satirical form of humour. The usage and influence of
memes have mimicked the same attributes of the jester archetype. Organisations these days
through branding and advertising establish their brand identity or attitude, for which Brand
Archetypes help with this process.

The structure of a meme is said to be that of a Holon Parton. Holons are an element of philosophy,
which means that they are the whole and the part of the same object simultaneously and partons are
a part of a category of sub atomic particles. Memes evolve to create a new set of memes with a
backstory, this is the start of a trend. The ability to inherit gives its structure the name holon parton.
I.e it contains the material it requires to progress, much like the gene, only the best ones survive
long enough to evolve. The foundation for memes was laid by the theory of evolution and it is
understood that memes tend to have both darwinian and lamarckian traits.
Viral marketing, cultural evolution, the history of ideas, social analytics, evolutionary psychology are
all used to study memetics.

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Literature Review

Incorporating Memes and Instagram to Enhance Student’s Performance

In today’s world, the students who are also referred as the ‘Digital Natives’ by Marc
Prensky prefer to acquire language and knowledge by incorporating and posting
images, written texts of specialised topics into a social media application. Since the
process of creating memes is uncomplicated therefore it can be created by anyone with
help of a simple mobile phone which eventually encourages the learner to be creative
and innovative in the process of language learning. Moreover, it creates a more fun and
enjoyable learning experience. In addition to that the research also states that the
process of meme creation as a part of language learning, supports the three values
stated by Zoltán Dornyei in his book ‘Motivation in Language’, which are (1) Intrinsic
Value (2) Integrative Value (3) Instrumental Value. However, further researches and
observations are required to emphasize more on the idea that creating and posting
memes on social media platforms can assist in the participation as well as the learning
process of the students inside the EFL (English as Foreign Language) classroom as
meme creation requires higher level of thinking which may or may not be followed
accurately by everyone.

Humour Disclosure in Internet Memes

Asserts that humour and memes go hand in hand and can be said as one of the best
methods that can be used for language teaching and learning specially in ESL (English
as Secondary Language) class. Since students are the most important members of the
virtual society who prefer to communicate through digital media, using humour and
memes as a teaching aid helps in addressing the problem of generation gap in teaching
through the integration of digital devices and methods. It helps in forming a smooth
learner-teacher relation as stated by Dr. Ashipaoloye. Moreover, adding in humour in
the teaching process helps in increasing the level of retention among the learners as the
youth finds internet memes very pertinent. The digital texts in memes can be used in
teaching tenses, various linguistic theories and the problem of variation in pronunciation
can be solved through them. However, many teachers may look down upon the addition
of humour as teaching aids because its effectiveness mostly depends on the learners’
media consumption and awareness of the popular culture among them.

Data presentation and interpretation

1. PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS WHO KNOW ABOUT MEMES

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Source: Primary Data
● 100% of the respondents (233 responses) are aware of memes.

2 . PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS WHO THINK MEMES SHOULD BE USED BY

TEACHERS FOR TEACHING

Source: Primary Data

● 91.8% of the respondents (214 responses) believe that memes should be used as a
teaching aid by the teachers.
● Whereas, 8.2% of the respondents (19 responses) think that memes shouldn’t be used
as a teaching aid.
Majority believe that memes should be used as teaching aids

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3 . MOST USED SOCIAL MEDIA SITES

Source: Primary Data

● 78.1% of the respondents (182 responses) use Instagram.
● 12.9% of the respondents (30 responses) use Whatsapp.
● 4.3% of the respondents (10 responses) use Facebook.
● 3% of the respondents (7 responses) use Reddit.
● 0.9% of the respondents (2 responses) use Snapchat.
● 0.9% of the respondents (2 responses) use other applications.
● None of the respondents use Telegram.
Majority use instagram as their primary social media

4 . MAKING MEMES ON A SUBJECT HELPS UNDERSTAND THE TOPIC MORE

Source: Primary Data

● 90.6% of respondents (211 responses) think that making memes on a subject helps in
understanding the topic better.
● Whereas, 9.4% of the respondents (22 responses) think that making memes doesn’t
help in understanding the topic more.
Majority believe memes help understanding a topic better

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5 . INFLUENCE OF MEMES ON ONE'S POLITICAL STATUS/CAREER

Source: Primary Data

● 72.7% of the respondents (169 responses) think that memes can influence a party’s or a
person’s political status or career.
● Whereas, 27.5% of the respondents (64 responses) don’t feel the same.
Majority believe memes can be a influence in politics

6 . MEMES AS A MEANS TO PROMOTE PRODUCTS

Source: Primary Data

● 88.4% of the respondents (206 responses) consider that memes can be used by brands
to promote their products.
● While 11.6% of the respondents (27 responses) think that memes cannot be used by
brands for the purpose of promoting their products.
Majority believe brands should use memes to promote products

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7 . PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS WHO SHARE MEMES

Source: Primary Data

● 99.6% of the respondents (232 responses) share memes with their friends.
● 0.4% of the respondents (1 response) don’t share memes with their friends.
Majority share internet memes

8 . SURVIVAL OF SOCIAL MEDIA WITHOUT MEMES

Source: Primary Data

● 24% of the respondents (56 responses) believe that social media platforms can survive
without memes.
● While 76% of the respondents (177 reponses) believe that social media cannot survive
without memes.
Majority believe social media cannot survive without the prevalence of memes

9 . MEMES- AN IMPORTANT PART OF HUMOUR

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Source: Primary Data
● 90.1% of the respondents (210 responses) consider memes an essential part of humour.
● Whereas 9.9% of the respondents (23 responses) don’t consider memes an essential
part of humour.
Majority believe memes are an important part of humour

10 . PROMOTION OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND CONSUMER BRANDS THROUGH MEMES

Source: Primary Data

● 79% of the respondents (184 responses) think that it will be effective if political parties as
well as consumer brands promote themselves through memes.
● 21% of the respondents (49 responses) think that it will be ineffective if political parties
and consumer brands promote themselves through memes.
Majority believe memes help political campaigns

11 . PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS WHO THINK MEMES HELP THEM BOND

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Source: Primary Data
● 94% of the respondents (219 responses) think that memes help them bond with other
people.
● Whereas 6% of the respondents (14 responses) think that memes don’t help them bond
with other people.
Majority believe memes help people bond better

12 . AVERAGE TIME SPENT ON WATCHING MEMES OR RELATED CONTENT

Source: Primary Data

● 9.9% of the respondents (23 responses) spend 1-10 minutes on watching memes or
related contents.
● 37.3% of the respondents (87 responses) spend 10 or more minutes on watching
memes or related contents.
● 39.9% of the respondents (93 responses) spend an hour or more on watching memes or
related contents.
● 12.9% of the respondents (30 responses) spend more than 3 hours on watching memes
or related concepts.
Majority spend more than an hour on meme related contents

RESULTS OF THE LIVE POLL CONDUCTED IN THE CLASS

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 1. NUMBER OF STUDENTS WHO THINK TEACHERS SHOULD USE MEMES TO TEACH

Source: Primary Data

● Out of 91 students, 86 of them (94.5%) agree that teachers should use memes to teach.
● Whereas, 5 of the students (5.5%) think that teachers shouldn’t use memes to teach in a
classroom.

2. NUMBER OF STUDENTS WHO THINK MAKING MEMES ON A SUBJECT HELPS

UNDERSTAND THE TOPIC MORE.

Source: Primary Data

● Out of 86 students, 76 of them (88.3%) admit that making memes on a subject helps
understand the topic more.
● Whereas, 10 of the students (11.7%) think that making memes on a subject doesn’t
help them to understand the topic more.

Conclusion

As shown through a meta analysis of various publications and through a short survey it can be
established that in this digital age, memes have a significant impact and influence in the society,
memes have to be used for the right reasons and freely to promote meme culture and creativity,

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identifying the trends, significance and benefits of memes show us that they can be beneficial in
helping teach and learn. The implementation is easier as awareness of internet memes is
widespread in the society, with proper education of memes, people can also use it for the upliftment
of the society and prevent misuse of the same. There has been a concern that corporations and
political groups use memes to manipulate, which renders most memes to suspicion among citizens,
and due to some infamous memes that make it to the news, teachers also can be dismissive of its
advantages, these are the issues to be addressed.
In its essence memes are the fundamental unit of culture, which make it the perfect candidate to
share knowledge and information.
May the best meme win.

APPENDIX

Questionnaire

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1) Do you know what Memes are?
❏ Yes
❏ No

2) Do you think Teachers should use Memes to teach?

❏ Yes
❏ No

3) Which social media site do you use the most?

❏ Facebook
❏ Instagram
❏ Snapchat
❏ Whatsapp
❏ Telegram
❏ Reddit
❏ Others

4) Do you think making Memes on a subject helps understand the topic more?
❏ Yes
❏ No

5) Do you think Memes influence a party or a person's political status/career?

❏ Yes
❏ No

6) Do you think consumer brands should use Memes to promote their product?
❏ Yes
❏ No

7) Do you or your friends share Memes?

❏ Yes
❏ No

8) Do you think social media will survive without Memes?

❏ Yes
❏ No

9) Are Memes an important part of humor?

❏ Yes
❏ No

10) Do you think it will be effective if political parties and consumer brands promote themselves through
Memes?

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 ❏ Yes
❏ No

11) Do Memes help you bond with other people?

❏ Yes
❏ No

12) On average how much time do you spend watching Memes or related content?
❏ 1-10 minutes
❏ 10 or more minutes
❏ An hour or more
❏ more than 3 hours

Questionnaire link

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1Acknowledgements:
1.Tejaswini ma’am for initiating the experiment in classrooms
2. To everyone who participated in the survey

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