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Using Thermodynamics Tables

Thermodynamic tables can be used to find the state of a substance using two independent properties like pressure, temperature, specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy or entropy. The document outlines the steps to determine a substance's state as compressed liquid, saturated liquid, saturated mixture, saturated vapor or superheated vapor based on the given properties. It also provides guidance on using the appropriate saturated liquid or vapor tables and interpolating values between table entries.

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Mark Bryan Carlos
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34 views2 pages

Using Thermodynamics Tables

Thermodynamic tables can be used to find the state of a substance using two independent properties like pressure, temperature, specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy or entropy. The document outlines the steps to determine a substance's state as compressed liquid, saturated liquid, saturated mixture, saturated vapor or superheated vapor based on the given properties. It also provides guidance on using the appropriate saturated liquid or vapor tables and interpolating values between table entries.

Uploaded by

Mark Bryan Carlos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Using Thermodynamic Tables

For most of the problems, the state of a substance will be:


• Compressed liquid
• Saturated liquid
• Saturated mixture
• Saturated vapor
• Superheated vapor
To find any value from a thermodynamic table, we need to have 2 independent properties.
Keep in mind that P and T are not independent properties while boiling (when we have
saturated liquid, saturated mixture, or saturated vapor):
- Pressure, P [kPa]
- Temperature, T [°C]
- Specific volume, 𝑣 [m3/kg]
- Specific internal energy, u [kJ/kg] (Use u in your energy balance for closed systems)
- Specific enthalpy, h [kJ/kg] (Use h in your energy balance for control volumes)
- Specific entropy, s [kJ/kg ∙ K]
What is given What to do
at a state?
P and T Check saturated liquid table and find the row for the given temperature. Read the
pressure value in the row. That is Psat, saturation pressure at the corresponding
temperature.
P > Psat or T < Tsat → compressed liquid
P = Psat or T = Tsat → saturated liquid or saturated mixture or saturated vapor
You’ll need another property to locate the exact state
P < Psat or T > Tsat → superheated vapor
T and one of First have a look at the saturated liquid temperature table. Here is an example
the following: with the specific volume but you substitute 𝑣 with u, h, or s if that is given:
v, u, h, or s 𝑣 < 𝑣f → compressed liquid
𝑣 = 𝑣f → saturated liquid
𝑣f < 𝑣 < 𝑣g → saturated mixture, quality x should be calculated through
𝑣 = 𝑣f + x (𝑣g - 𝑣f)
𝑣 = 𝑣g → saturated vapor
𝑣 > 𝑣f → superheated vapor
P and one of First have a look at the saturated liquid pressure table. Here is an example with
the following: the specific volume but you substitute 𝑣 with u, h, or s if that is given:
v, u, h, or s 𝑣 < 𝑣f → compressed liquid
𝑣 = 𝑣f → saturated liquid
𝑣f < 𝑣 < 𝑣g → saturated mixture, quality should be calculated through
𝑣 = 𝑣f + x (𝑣g - 𝑣f)
𝑣 = 𝑣g → saturated vapor
𝑣 > 𝑣f → superheated vapor
Once you decide your substance’s state, follow the next steps:
• Compressed liquid
o P < 25 bars or 2.5 MPa, use the values with f subscript on the saturated liquid
temperature table since liquids are almost incompressible and compressed
liquids have similar properties to saturated liquid at the same temperature. Never
use the saturated liquid pressure table for compressed liquids.
o P ≥ 25 bars or 2.5 MPa, you can use the compressed liquid table
• Saturated liquid, use the values with subscript f from saturation tables
• Saturated mixture: First calculate the quality x, and then you can calculate other values
with that.
• Saturated vapor, use the values with subscript g from saturation tables
• Superheated vapor, use the superheated vapor table

If the value somewhere in between the values that are given in the table, you need to make
linear interpolation to calculate the other properties.

In the tables, you will see columns like ufg, hfg, and sfg, where ufg = ug - uf, hfg = hg - hf, and sfg
= sg - sf. These values are included in the tables to help us calculate the quality.

For more information or to book an appointment


Call: 905.721.8668 ext. 6578
Email: studentlearning@ontariotechu.ca North location: Shawenjigewining Hall
Website: ontariotechu.ca/studentlearning Downtown location: Charles Hall

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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