MURANG’A UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

UNIVERSITY ORDINARY EXAMINATION

2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR

THIRD YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR BCT, BCS, BIT, BMCS
& BSE

SCS 302 – ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

DURATION: 2 HOURS

Instructions to candidates:

1. Answer question One and Any Other Two questions.

2. Mobile phones are not allowed in the examination room.
3. You are not allowed to write on this examination question paper.

1
 SECTION A: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS)

a) Define the following terms;

i. Artificial intelligence
ii. Intelligence
iii. Agents (3marks)
b) Distinguish between the following:
i. Intelligent agent and rational agent (2marks)
ii. Artificial intelligence techniques and artificiel intelligent system. (2marks)
iii. Monotonic and non-monotonic production system. (2marks)
c) Explain the main components of knowledge based systems. (4marks)
d) Explain four reasons of adopting expert systems in solving artificial intelligence during problem
solving. (4marks)
e) i. Differentiate between speech recognition and speech understanding. (4marks)
f) What is the use of computer vision in AI? (2marks)
g) What is game theory and how is it important in AI? (3marks)
h) Differentiate between forward state space planning (FSSP) and backward state space planning
(BSSP). (2marks)
i) Explain the meaning of the terms ‘machine learning’ as used in learning and adaptive systems
intelligence. (2marks)

SECTION B – ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

QUESTION TWO (20 MARKS)

a) Agents can be grouped into four classes based on their degree of perceived intelligence and
capability. Discuss. (8marks)
b) Suppose you are a pilot with KQ and you are tasked to fly a plane from JKIA to Moi
International Airport, Mombasa. Define the action scheme for this task. (4marks)

c) Consider the game tree attached in the appendix:

i. Complete the tree by assigning values to the nodes s t z. (4marks)

ii. What is the value of the root node? (1mark)
iii. Use minimax to determine the…….and given the actions that would be chosen. (3marks)

2
QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)

Suppose you are given the following search space

State Next Cost
A B 4
A C 1
B D 3
B E 8
C C 0
C D 2
C F 6
D C 2
D E 4
E G 2
F G 8

a) Draw the state space of this problem (5marks)

b) Assume the initial state is A and the goal state is G show how each of the search strategies would
find a path from the initial state to the goal…
i. Breadth first search (5marks)
+
ii. A search (5marks)
c) Explain three tasks of computer vision. (5marks)

QUESTION FOUR (20 MARKS)

a) Discuss four components of a knowledge base system. (8marks)

b) A Kenyan company has released a robot that can drive a car for a considerate distance on a road.
Provide a PEAS description of this robot. (4marks)
c) Convert the following predicates the equivalent English statements. (5marks)
i. enrolled At( ,MUT) Is Smart (
ii. (person), walk ( ,talk (
iii. love (x,y) love (x,x)
iv. person (x) y person (y),love (x,y)
v. likes (x, sweet),> like (x, ice cream)
d) Explain the difference in the use of certainty factors compared to Bayes Theorem when reasoning
under uncertainty. (3marks)

3
 MURANG’A UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING &INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

UNIVERSITY ORDINARY EXAMINATION

2018/2019 ACADEMIC YEAR

THIRDYEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION
FORBSCMATHEMATICS&COMPUTER SCIENCE

SCS 302- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

DURATION: 2 HOURS

DATE: 16/4/2019
TIME: 2-4 P.M.

Instructions to candidates:

1. Answer question One and Any Other Two questions.

2. Mobile phones are not allowed in the examination room.
3. You are not allowed to write on this examination question paper.

Page 1 of 4
 SECTION A: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS)

(a) Define the following terms used in Artificial Intelligence:
i. Intelligence (1mark)
ii. Artificial intelligence (1mark)
iii. Rational action (1mark)
iv. Reasoning (1mark)
(b) Describe the various types of operative environments for intelligent agents. (5marks)
(c) State and explain four characteristics that can be used in describing intelligence. (4marks)
(d) A Kenyan company has released has released a robot that can drive a car for a considerate
distance on a road. Provide a PEAs description of this robot. (4marks)
(e) Explain your understanding of the term search in artificial intelligence. (2marks)
(f) Explain the major components of a knowledge based system. (4marks)
(g) Explain any three sources of uncertainty in knowledge. (3marks)
(h) Consider the Google search engine. Explain the context in which it can consider the use of
intelligence and rational agent. (4marks)

SECTION B – ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

QUESTION TWO (20 MARKS)

a) Define the term intelligent agent. (2marks)

b) Explain the different types of intelligent agents. (5marks)
c) Explain three challenges a knowledge engineer might face in collecting knowledge.(3marks)
d) Assume that Mrs. Abed has a son that does not do homework and can’t go to bed early.
However when his dad is around he does homework but still goes to bed late. Use rules of
inference to show that the boy only does homework when his father is around. (5marks)
e) Convert the following predicates to equivalent English statements. (5marks)
i. enrolledAt(x,MUT)→isSmart(x)
ii. (( ),Walk(x),talk(x)
iii. ( )→love (x,x)
iv. ( )→ ( ) ( )
v. ( ) ( )

Page 2 of 4
QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)
Suppose you are given the following search space:
state next cost
A B 4
A C 1
B D 3
B E 8
C C 0
C D 2
C F 6
D C 2
D E 4
E G 2
F G 8

(a) Draw the state space of this problem. (5marks)

(b) Assume that the initial state is A and the goal state is G.Show how each of the search
strategies would find a path from the initial state to the goal state.
i. Breadth first search (5marks)
ii. A* search (5marks)
(c)With an example of a reasoning scenario, differentiate between modus ponens and modus
tollens reasoning techniques. (5marks)

QUESTION FOUR (20 MARKS)

(a) Explain the difference in the use of certainty factors compared to Bayes Theorem when
reasoning under uncertainty. (3marks)
(b) Outline the knowledge engineering process. (3marks)
(c) Use a truth table to confirm whether the statement(pvq)v( q is a tautology.
(5marks)
(d) Explain in details the strategies adopted in reasoning using forward chaining and
backward chaining. (3marks)
(e) Given below are rules in a rule-based system which deals with relationships between
members of a family.
P1: If father(X,Y) and wife(z, x) then mother(z, y)
P2: if mother (x, y) and husband (z, x) and father (z, y)
P3: ifwife (x, y) then husband (y, x)
P4: if husband (x, y) then wife (y, x)
P5: iffather (x, z) and mother (y, z) then husband (x, y)
P6: iffather (x, z) and mother (y, z) then wife (y, x)
The following are facts in the working memory with the time lag indicating the
chronological order in which the element was added.

Page 3 of 4
Working memory element Time lag
Father (rama, mohan) T1
Mother (alka, lata) T2
Wife (lata, hari) T3
Wife (alka, rama) T4
Father (hari, uma) T5
With respect to the above rules, represent the working memory shown in the table above
as a family hierarchy tree. (6 marks)

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