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Plant Seedlings

The document discusses various methods of land preparation and planting of seedlings, including clearing land, plowing, harrowing, ridging, and transplanting seedlings. It describes different systems for laying out orchards, including square, rectangular, triangle, hexagonal, quincunx, contour, and freestyle systems. Recommended planting distances are provided for various crops like tomato, eggplant, okra, cucumber, squash, and lettuce.

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Regie Macaya
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© © All Rights Reserved
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49 views24 pages

Plant Seedlings

The document discusses various methods of land preparation and planting of seedlings, including clearing land, plowing, harrowing, ridging, and transplanting seedlings. It describes different systems for laying out orchards, including square, rectangular, triangle, hexagonal, quincunx, contour, and freestyle systems. Recommended planting distances are provided for various crops like tomato, eggplant, okra, cucumber, squash, and lettuce.

Uploaded by

Regie Macaya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LO 2.

Plant Seedlings
Act.1 - Carry out
land preparation
Land
Preparation
This is one of the foremost operations that are carried out
on the farmland in preparation for cropping.

Land preparation (also called tillage or cultivation) and


crop establishment go together since land preparation
influences the ability of the crop to emerge and produce a
good, uniform crop stand.
Land
Preparation
As a major pre-requisite for a good yield; Land preparation
has changed from a manual to a power-assisted activity
over the centuries, depending on the availability of
different energy sources.

Today tractors provide a major power source for tillage


that allows many different variations.
Land
Preparation
Manual and animal-assisted tillage is still practiced
though.

Various activities are associated with land preparation to


pave way for planting on the field.

The kind of operation to adopt depends on the vegetation


present on the field.
Land clearing is the process of
removing trees, stumps, brush, stones
and other obstacles from an area as
required to increase the size of the
crop producing land base of an
Clearing: existing farm or to provide land for a
new farm operation.
Land clearing
The primary purpose of plowing is to turn
over the upper layer of the soil, bringing
fresh nutrients to the surface, while
burying weeds, the remains of previous
crops, and both crop and weed seeds,
allowing them to break down.

It also aerates the soil, allows it to hold


moisture better and provides a seed-free
medium for planting an alternate crop.

It can be carried out using manually with


a hoe
A g r i c u l tor
Presentation 2022
u r e Pa
r o j plow.
ect
Plowing
It is often carried out on fields to
follow the rough finish left by
ploughing operations.

The purpose of this harrowing is


generally to break up clods (lumps of
soil) and to provide a finer finish, a
good tilth or soil structure that is
suitable for seedbed use.

Harrowing A mounted harrower is used for this


purpose.
This involves making ridges for
planting.

Ridge making can be achieved either


with animal-drawn ridger or a tractor
driven one.

Agriculture Project
Presentation 2022
Ridging
Field lay out
In lay-outing the field, it is ideal to orient the
plot/furrow at east-west direction to maximize
utilization of sunlight for it minimize shading
among plants.
Act. 2 -
Transplanting
Transplanting Seedlings
• Prepare a hole in well fertilized soil.

• Place your hand over the soil allowing the seedling stem to come between your fingers not leaving
too much of a gap - we don't want to lose it's original soil- and squeeze the bottom of the seedling pot
to loosen the soil and the roots from the inner walls.

• Transplanting should be done late in the afternoon. On cloudy days, however, it can be done anytime
of the day.

• Don’t transplant late for old seedlings, it may have drop on the first flowering leading to reduced yield

• Select only good quality seeds

• Replant missing hills 2 days after transplanting


• Dig the planting hole
• Massage/loosen/trim the roots

Planting
Steps in and remove the nursery stake.
• Place the tree in the center of the
hole
• Build a soil berm
• Stake the tree
• Tie the tree
• Water the tree thoroughly!
• Add Mulch
What Plants Should Not Be
Planted Together?
• Asparagus
• Beans
• Beet
• Broccoli
• Cabbage
• Cucumber
• Peas
• Soybeans
System of Planting
The system of planting is called system of layout and
none system is ideal for planting of fruits in all
conditions.

There are following systems of planting commonly of


fruits trees.
This is simplest system of fruit
Plant guard(25cm) planting.

The plot is divided into square.

A tree is planted at each corner of


25 50cm
square.
cm
In this system, interculhiral operations
can be done in both the direction as
trees are at equal distance (row’ tree).
1. Square System This system of planting also facilitates
for taking intercrops.
The primary purpose of plowing is to turn Plant guard(25cm)
over the upper layer of the soil, bringing 25
fresh nutrients to the surface, while cm
burying weeds, the remains of previous 25 75cm
crops, and both crop and weed seeds, cm
allowing them to break down.

It also aerates the soil, allows it to hold


moisture better and provides a seed-free
medium for planting an alternate crop.

It can be carried out using manually with 2. Rectangular


a hoe
A g r i c u l tor
u r e Pa
r o j plow.

System
ect
Presentation 2022
3. Triangle System
In this system of planting, a tree is planted on a corner of each angle.
This has not much advantage over square system except it provides more
open space to tree but intercultural operations are not easy to carry.

25cm
4. Hexagonal System
In this system of planting, a tree is
planted at each corner of an
equilateral triangle. In this way, six
trees form a hexagon with seventh
tree in the Centre. The system is
preferred where land is costly and
very fertile with assured irrigation.15%
more trees can be planted in
hexagonal system than square system.
5. Quincunx System
It is modified form of square system. In this
system, one tree is planted in the centre of
the square of permanent trees. This tree is
short lived & known as ‘filler’ trees like
banana, papaya, pomegranate, fig etc. The
filler trees are removed when main trees
developed full canopy of start bearing. This is
economic to plant filler trees as they provide
additional income to cultivators in the earlier
years of the orchards.
6. Contour System:

This system of planting is


followed on hills where the
land is undulated and soil
erosion is common &
irrigation of orchard is
difficult.
Freestyle System
When planting of fruit plant is done without following
any geometrical layout design.

This system is followed to plant fruit trees on


homestead lands, public buildings compounds,
wasteland, ravines, along railway tracks, rivers,
coastal areas, factories, etc.
Planting Distance
• Tomato – 18-24 inches
• Egg Plant – 18-30 inches
• Okra – 12-18 inches
• Upland kangkong – 30 cm
• Petchay – 10-20cm
• Cucumber – 2-3 feet
• Bitter guard( ampalaya) – 50 cm
• Squash - 3-4 feet
• Romaine lettuce - 6-8 inches
• Chili - 18-26 inches
End slide
Happy Farming!!

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