Maureen Ng Gortin-Ee© CASCO PUBLICATIONS PTE LID AAIl rights reserved, No part of this publication may be {eproduced, stored in a retrieval system, ov tansmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recowding or otherwise, without ‘any prior permission feom the publishers Fest published 2018 Published and distributed by: CASCO PUBLICATIONS PTE LD 53 Ubi Avenue 1 #05-54 Paya Ubi Industrial Park Singapore 408934 ‘Tel (65) 6748 3101 ax + (65) 6748 9139 info@easco.com se upulwwweasco.com.sg ISBN 9789814783637 Printed in Singaporea @_@ Preface This topical series is written in accordance to the latest Mathematics syllabus as prescribed by the Ministry of Education. it is designed to help pupils reinforce and strengthen their mathematical concepts and problem solving skills. Each topic includes worked examples with detailed solutions. Review exercises are provided at the end of every topic to consolidate concepts learnt and to help pupils gauge their level of competency. Pupils will find this book very useful as they will be guided at a manageable pace to develop their understanding of the mathematical concepts and hence inject the much needed confidence in them in order to do well in Mathematics.TOPIC 1: ALGEBRA... ren cm enn 1 1.1 Using Letters As Numbers......... 1 4.2 Simplifying Algebraic Expressions... 8 1.3. Word Problems 10 TOPICAL REVIEW 1 14 TOPIC 2: ANGLES IN GEOMETRIC FIGURES 17 2.1 Finding Unknown Angles 17 TOPICAL REVIEW 2... 25 TOPIC 3: NETS 27 3.1 Solids sree fee tn wen i e000 a id 3.2 Nets of Solids ......... perenrevein a oon won om 7» ereen a ero coren 34 TOPICAL REVIEW 3 39 TOPIC 4: FRACTIONS. ... ree eae revere . sores he 7 . At 4.1 Dividing By A Proper Fraction .... senee AM 4.2. Dividing A Proper Fraction By A Proper Fraction........... 44 4.3 Word Problems. 47 TOPICAL REVIEW 4 51 TOPIC 5: RATIO 54 5.1 Ratio And Fraction 54 5.2 Comparing Ratios. 60 5.3 Word Problems... 63 TOPICAL REVIEW 5..... 69 TOPIC 6: PERCENTAGE. 73, 6.1 Finding Percentages 73 6.2 Word Problems (1) 16 6.3 Word Problems (2) 80 TOPICAL REVIEW 6... 84TOPIC 7: SPEED — 7.4 Distance And Speed. 7.2 Average Speed. 7.3. Word Problems. TOPICAL REVIEW 7.. TOPIC 8: CIRCLES . om se 106 B84 Radius, Diameter and Circumference ofA ‘Circle . 106 8.2 Perimeter Of Semicircles And Quadrants ...... 110 8.3. Area Of A Circle... “ 84 Area Of Semicircles “And Quadrants 8.5 Word Problems... TOPICAL REVIEW 8 112 115 117 121 TOPIC 9: PIE CHARTS .. TOPICAL REVIEW 9 123 TOPIC 10: AREA AND PERIMETER... < 10.1 Area And Perimeter of ‘Composite Figures... TOPICAL REVIEW 10... 136 . 147 TOPIC 11: VOLUME OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS... 11.1 Volume of Solids 41.2 Volume of Liquids TOPICAL REVIEW 11 152 152 161 167 . PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION PRACTICE (1)... 171 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION PRACTICE (2). 191 ANSWER KEYIn this chapter, you will learn to Y use letters to represent unknown numbers ¥ write simple algebraic expressions V simplify algebraic expressions evaluate simple algebraic expressions by substitution Y solve word problems involving algebraic expressionsExercise G Write an expression for each of the following. 1 a Add a to 8. Subtract 6 from b. ae ee ator Oo / 10. 2 more than twice of k.Examples (a) Write an expression in terms of y for each of the following. (b) Find the value when y =, 18. 1... The sum of y and 3. 25... The difference between y and 20. y ‘Lo “20-18 =2 [ (a) -20- The product of y (a) Write an expression in terms of p for each of the following. (b) Find the value when p = 20. 1. The sum of 20 and p. o (b) 2. The difference between p and 1 (a) Casco Publications Pre Ltd3. The product of 30 and p. (a) (b) 4. Divide 4 by p. (a) (b) —— i 5. Divide p by 5 (a) (b) 6. Add 3 to the product of 5 and p. (a) (b) 7. Divide the product of p and 12 by 4. aa — = (a) (b) 8. Half of the sum of p and 10. 2) ; )Examples Write an expression for the. following. Paul has p packets of sweets. There are 10 sweets in each packet How many sweets does Paul have? Ans : p X10 = 10 sweets Exercise ey Write an expression for each of the following. 1. Peter has p marbles. John has 15 marbles more than Peter. How many marbles does John have? Ang: _— marbles 2. Collin has $f. He spends $4 on lunch. How much does he have left? Ans: § _ 3. Jack has 4 times as many stickers as Ivan. Ivan has b stickers. How many stickers does Jack have? Ans: ____. stickers 4. Mary baked m cookies. She baked three times as many cookies as Rita. How many cookies did Rita bake? _. cookiesHilda is h years old now. How old will she be in 6 years’ time? Ans: — years old There are p slices of cake in 6 boxes. How many slices of cake are there in each box? Arie: = = __, slices 20 marbles are shared among k children. How many marbles does each child get? Ans; _____ marbles Joan saves $x a day. How much does she save in 2 weeks? Ans: §. — —Examples Find the value of <3. +9 when-a'= 6. a 1 8 et ass 4 gy Exercise Find the value of each of the following when a = 8. 1 Sa+2 3 7+3a-4 oa 2a 7 104 FG 2. 3a-9 4. Zi-m+2Examples Simplify these expression: (a) atata 5 Ans: 3a eat o b+ 2b + 3b 90 — 2c +.3¢. Work from left: t Sd +4-3d =Simplify these expressions. qd 3 Ha 18a 3. 4c+3-2048 5. 3e-e-4-e+7 ce 10g — 8 ~ 5g + 15 9. 14-44 E4947 2, 2b— b * 3b 4. Tage ne . _ 6. bared? oF al | 8. Sas —— 40. 8—4k+2k +94 |Solve these word problems. Show your working clearly. 1. Mark is p years old. James is twice as old as Mark. Keith is 3 years younger than James. (a) Find James’ age in terms of p. (b) Find Keith's age in terms of p (c)_ If p = 4, how old is Keith? 2. Ivan bought a pen for $b and a book that cost three times as much as the pen. He gave the cashier $100. (a) Find the amount of money that Ivan spent in terms of b. (b) Find the amount of change Ivan received in terms of b. (c)_ If b = 8, how much was the change that Ivan received?3 Mrs Ng baked some biscuits. She packed 12 biscuits into each bag. There were 1 bags of biscuits altogether. The biscuits were then shared equally among 4 boys. (a) How many biscuits did each boy get? Give your answer in terms of 17 (b) If there were 5 bags of biscuits, how many biscuits did each boy get? 4, Julie had x number of beads. She gave 25 beads to her sister and used an equal number of the remaining beads to make each of 3 necklaces, (a) How many beads did she use to make each necklace? Give your answer in terms of x. (b) If Julie had 100 beads, how many beads were used to make each necklace? 5. Isaac has 3c marbles. Joshua has thrice as many marbles as Isaac. Basil has 9 fewer marbles than Joshua. (a) How many marbles do they have altogether? Give your answer in terms of c. (b) If ¢ = 8, find the number of marbles they have altogether. © Geico Publications Ple Lad6. 3 pens cost $6m and a marker cost $4. Grace bought 9 pens and 6 markers. (a) How much did Grace pay altogether in terms of m? (b) If m= 4, how much did she pay altogether? 7. Aaron scored y marks in his English test. He scored 8 marks more than Ben but 12 marks fewer than Collin. (a) What was the total scored by the three boys in terms of y? (b)_ If Aaron scored 80 marks, what was the total scored by the three boys? 8. The length of a rectangle is 12 cm and its perimeter is (2p + 30) cm. (a) What is the breadth of the rectangle in terms of p? (b) If p = 10, what is the breadth of the rectangle?9. Osear is x years old now. His brother is three times as old as he. (a) What will their total age be in 5 years’ time? Give your answer in terms of x? (b) If Oscar is 12 years old now, what will their total age be in 5 years’ time? 40. Max walked a distance of rkm. Ken walked 6 km less than Max. Joe walked half the distance walked by Ken. (a) What was the distance walked by Joe in terms of r? (b) If r= 10 km, what was the distance walked by Joe?Write an expression for each of the following. (a) Peter is r years old, His brother is twice as old as he. How old was his brother 5 years ago? (b) Jack bought a camera for $3p. He paid $100 to the cashier. How much change did he receive? Simplify each of the following. (a) 4x-10+x+6 (b) 10 -5y + 6y+8 Find the value of each of the following given that w = 6. (a) 20-3 tw) ee4. Mr Toh has p boxes of apples. There are 25 apples in each box If he sells 30 apples, how many apples does he have left? 5. Charmaine bought 6 books at $2g each and had $39 left. How many books could she buy with the same amount of money if each book cost $5? 6. 3 apples cost $w. 2 oranges cost $1.50. Find the cost of 12 apples and 8 oranges. 7. Rose has $15y. Anne has ; as much money as Rose. If Anne spends $20, how much does she have left? © Casco Pirblcations Phe Lid8. The length of a rectangle is thrice its breadth. Its breadth is fom. (a) Express the perimeter of the rectangle in terms of f. (b) Given that f= 5 cm, find the area of the rectangle. 9. Mary is g years old. Her mother is four times as old as her but 3 years younger than her father. How old will Mary's father be in 2 years’ time? 10. Amy, Betty and Christy paid a total of $y for a present. Amy paid twice as much as Betty and Christy paid $4 more than Belly. (a) How much did Betty pay for the present? (b) If y = $60, how much did Amy pay for the present?- =o Geometric Figures this chapter, you will learn to find unknown angles related to triangles find unknown angles related to four-sided figures find unknown angles involving triangles and four-sided figures of an isosceles tt ie).4 The figure below is not drawn to scale. ABC is an equilateral triangle. BD is parallel to EA. Find EAC and ZADB. Ee The figure below is not drawn to scale. DEF and EGH are right-angled triangles. Find ZEGH and ZDEH. H Db <= (2) (3) wo (1) 4. Which of the following is the net of the prism below?5. Which of these is the net for the cuboid shown below? (3) (4)4. Which of the following nets would form a cube? 7 hy Uy (2) (3) (4) 2. Which of the following is not a net of a cuboid? (4) (2) "CTA ° Ceo3. Which of the following solids would the net shown below fold into? (1) (2) (3) (4) 4. Which of the following solids would the net shown below fold into? © Casco Pacis Pe Lid5. Which of the following is the correct net for the solid shown below? (1)Circle the correct answer. 1. How many faces are there in the solid shown below? (1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 8 2. Which one of these nets can be folded to make a cube? ERR A H T (1) 3. Which of these solids is a prism? (3) (4)4 Which of these nets can be folded to form a cuboid? ({ 14 (1) L (2) 4 ()In this chapter, you will learn to Y apply the algorithm to divide a whole number by a fraction. Y use the ‘invert and multiply’ algorithm to divide a proper fraction by a proper fraction. Y solve word problems involving division of fractions. © Casco Publications PleFind.the value of each of the following @ a olExamples | (a) How many two-thirds are there in 2 wholes? Bla 6+ $26x 2. Find the value of each of the following. (a) 2+ oe (b) 3+ 2 ) we (@) 3+ - (e) sed a 6+¢ 7 (g) 8+ 3 7 tm) eeExamples Exercise le Find the value of the following: cis ois alo y + + ie * ie N19 ole TD ale os s S = / | | i | | | | | | nle ~ho of the boys wear glasses and -2 of the girls wear glasses. 285 pupils do not wear glasses. (a) How many pupils are there in the hall? (b) How many pupils wear glasses? © Casey Publica13. Agnes has some $2, $5 and $10 notes in the ratio 5 : 3: 4. The total value of the notes is $260. How many of each type of notes does she have? 414. The ratio of the number of apples and pears in Box A is 3 : 1. The ratio of the number of apples and pears in Box B is 2 : 1. There are twice as many fruits in Box A than Box B. (a) Find the ratio of the number of apples in Box A to the number of apples in Box B. (b) After 63 apples are transferred from Box A to Box B, the ratio of the number of apples to pears in Box A becomes 3 : 2. How many fruit are there in Box A now? 15. The number of pens and the number of pencils in a box was in the ratio 4:1. After another 84 pens and 48 pencils were added, the ratio became 3: 1. How many pens and pencils were there altogether at first?Solve the following word problems. Show your working clearly. 1, The ratio of red marbles to green marbles is 4: 7. The ratio of green marbles to blue marbles is 2 : 3. Find the ratio of the number of red marbles to the number of blue marbles to the number of green marbles. 2. Peter's mass is z as much as George's mass. If George's mass is 18 kg more than Peter, find their total mass. ©, Casco Piblications Pe Lad3. Natalie scored 56 marks for a quiz. Jason scored 80 marks for the same quiz. What fraction of the total marks did Natalie score? 4. The ratio of the number of guppies to goldfish was 5 : 4 at first. After Jack bought another 48, goldfish, the ratio became 15 : 14, How many goldfish did Jack have at first? 5. For every 5 pens Lisa buys, she is given 2 pens free. How many pens must she buy in order to get 60 pens?& Calculators are allowed for the following questions. 6. The number of red beads to the number of white beads in Jar A is in the ratio 3:4 The number of red beads to the number of white beads in Jar B is in the ratio 4: 5, There are an equal number of white beads in both jars. If there are 18 more red beads in Jar B than in Jar A, what is the total number of beads in both jars? 7. The ratio of the number of red buttons to purple buttons to green buttons was 11:5 : 9. When 36 red buttons were removed, a of the remaining buttons were red buttons. Find the number of purple buttons. “.8. +2 of the passengers on an aeroplane are adults and the rest are children. © of the children are boys and “+ of the adults are men (a) What is the ratio of the number-of women to the number of girls? (b) If there are 495 passengers altogether, how many children are there on the aeroplane? 9. The ratio of the number of boys to girls in a room was 7 : 8. After 15 boys left the room and 15 girls entered the room, the ratio became 2 : 3. How many boys and how many girls are in the room now? 40. Mrs Tan counted the coins she had. The ratio of the number of five cents to the number of ten cents to the number of twenty cents was 10 : 12 : 9. The total value of the coins was $28. How many coins did she have altogether?in this chapter, you will learn to v¥ compute a whole given the percentage Y solve word problems on percentage Examples (a) Express =~ (0) © © Casco Publications Pe Lid 1 25 ~ 00 25 Express. 0.6 = 06 Express ts simplest fon - 0.4% = 0.4 an = Go Express 0.9% 0.9% = 0.9Exercise 1. Express each fraction as a percentage... rs @ 3 Tie 2 _ 2. Express each decina eo - jo [0.05 | a cs 7 oe jos | [a = — fe3. Express each percentage as a decimal. (a) 7% (c) 90% (e) 1.4% @ (d) 6% a —_ Nya (b) 52% @ 4. Express each percentage as a fraction in its simplest form. (a) 4% (c) 60% (e) 5.6% (b) 48% (@) 90% (f) 3.8%1, Mrs Png bought 2 kg of flour. She used 300 g of the flour to bake a cake. What percentage of the flour was not used? 2. Joseph spent 2h 30 min to travel to the city. His bus journey took 1h 15 min. What percentage of the total time taken was spent on the bus journey?3. Mary bought a ribbon 3-m long. She used 65 cm of the ribbon to tie a present and 25 cm of it to make a bookmark. What percentage of the ribbon did she not use? Mr Tang invested $150 000 in the bank. He had $155 550 at the end of the year. What was the interest rate he had earned for his investment? There were 1400 pupils in the school hall. 616 pupils left the hall. What percentage of the pupils remained in the hall? Caso Pabicctions Pig LitExercise (: Examples.) (A) doo bought a tie for $85.60 inclusive of 7% GST. GS a heai wee 407% —-» $85.60 = : » (85.60 # 107) X.7 1. Acamera was sold at $450. Marcus bought the camera and paid 7% GST. How much did he pay for the camera? 2. Mr Ang deposited $450 000 into the bank. He earned an interest of $15 750. Calculate the interest rate.3. Julie bought a necklace for $52.43 inclusive of 7% GST. How much did the necklace cost before GST? 4. — Hilary paid $72.76 for a handbag inclusive of 7% GST. How much was the GST? 5. The usual price of a refrigerator was $1500. At a sale, it was sold at $900. Find the percentage decrease in the price. 6. The number of tickets for a concert for Saturday was 1200. On Sunday, the number of tickets increased to 1620. What was the percentage increase in the number of tickets? 7. Mr Ang sold 1300 eggs in May. However, the number of eggs sold was reduced by 5% in June. How many eggs did he sell in June? 8. Joyce deposited some money into the fixed deposit account in a bank. She eamed an interest of 4% on the deposit. At the end of the year, her interest earned was $5000. How much money did she have in the bank at the end of the year? tions Pe LidExercise 1 2 Aaron bought a book for $18.90 at a book fair. This was 60% of the usual price. How much less did he pay for the book? Ah Seng sold 225 durians on Saturday. This was 25% more than the number of durians he sold on Sunday. How many dutians did he sell on Sunday? Betty earns $3600 a month. She earns 80% as much as what Cathy earns a month. (a) How much does Cathy earn a month? (b) If Cathy receives a pay increase of 5%, how much does she earn now?4. Jessie saves 25% less than Jamie. If Jamie increases her savings by 5%, she will save $24 more than Jessie. How much does each of them save? 5. Laura scored 20% more points than Marie in a competition. Marie scored 20% more points than Natalie. If they scored a total of 637 points, how many points did Marie score? 6. 25% of Zoe's savings is equal to 40% of Yasmine’s savings. If the difference in their total savings is $318, what is their total savings? 7. The sales of a computer company amounted to $256 000 in January. In February, there was an increase of 5% of the sales. In March, there was a further increase of 10% compared to February. Find the sales of the computer company in March.8. An adult ticket to the amusement park cost $15. A child ticket cost 40% less than an adult’s ticket. Mrs Ang bought some adult tickets and child tickets for $306. 80% of the tickets she bought were child tickets. (a) How many adult tickets did she buy? (b) What percentage of the money she spent on the tickets was spent on the child tickets’ Round off your answer to the nearest percent. 9. Grace gave 25% of her salary to her mother. She used 40% of the remaining money to buy a watch and paid her bills with the rest of the money. If the amount she spent on the watch was $200 more than what she had given to her mother, how much was Grace's salary? 10. Of the 1200 members in a country club, 60% were male. After some of the male members left the club, the percentage of male members in the club dropped to 25%, How many members there are in the club now?1. Express each fraction as a percentage. Round off your answer to 2 decimal places. @ 2 w) ° ee 2. Express each percentage as a decimal. Round off your answer to 2 decimal places. (a) 2.7% (b) 11.4% @ & Calculators are allowed for the following questions. &@ Solve the following word problems. Show your working clearly. 3. Linda used 2.55 kg of sugar to bake some doughnuts and 1.25 kg of sugar to bake some cookies. She had 1.2 kg of sugar lef. What percentage of the sugar did she use?Phoebe paid $150 for a watch after a 25% discount but Ivy paid $170 for the same watch at a different discount. What was the percentage discount given to Ivy? Mr Ang spent 25% of his monthly income to pay his car loan. He spent 80% of the remainder on rent and saved the remaining $525. What was his monthly income? Debbie paid 90% as much as Angie for an evening gown before GST. Angie paid $1605 for her evening gown after a 7% GST. How much did Debbie pay for the gown inclusive of 7% GST? 30% of the number of beads that Hayden has is equal to 40% of the number of beads that Kristie has. If the difference in the number of beads between them is 195, how many beads do they have in total?8. 10. There were 900 visitors at a trade fair. 75% of the visitors were male. After some of the male visitors left the fair, the percentage of the male visitors dropped to 55%, How many male visitors left the fair? Valerie had to complete a jigsaw puzzle. The ratio of the number of pieces of jigsaw puzzle she had fixed to the number of pieces she had not fixed was 2:7. After she had fixed another 72 pieces of the puzzle, she was left with 60% of the puzzle to be completed. How many pieces were there in the puzzle? Simon sold 160 canned drinks in the morning and 80% of the remaining in the afternoon. The number of canned drinks he had left was 10% of what he had al first. (a) How many canned drinks did he have at first? (b) If he sold the remaining canned drinks at 4 for $6, how much would he get from selling the remaining canned drinks?In this chapter, you will learn to calculate distance travelled given speed and time taken calculate time taken given speed and distance travelled calculate speed given distance and time taken calculate average speed given total distance and total time taken ces eeei emcee estes solve word problems involving speed Distance (D) Time (1) = eas) Peter travelled al hevtravel? Speed Time taken: Distance travelleda constant speed of 80 km/h from Town, A between the two towns ‘Was 120 km. How. tong Solution SolutionExercise Solve to the following word problems. 4. Brian took 90 min to travel 120 km. If he was travelling at a constant speed, find his speed, 2. Pauline swam 100 m at a constant speed of 8 m/s. How long did she take? 3. Mark ran at a constant speed of 9 m/s for 12.5 s. Find the distance travelled by Mark. 4. The distance between Singapore and Auckland is 8360 km. If the cruising speed of an aeroplane is 880 km/h, how long does it take to fly from Singapore to Auckland?5. Joseph cycled a distance of 4 km in 20 min. What was his speed in km/h? 6. A motorist drove from Town P to Town Q at a constant speed of 85 km/h. He started his journey from Town P at 0800 and arrived at Town Q at 0930. Find the distance between the two towns. 7. A bus travelled at a speed of 50 km/h for 35 km. How long did the journey take? Give your answer in minutes.8. Beth took 40 min to cycle from her house to the park which was 5 km away. What was her cycling speed? 9. A car travelled for 3h at a speed of 75 km/h from Town A to Town B. How far did it travel? 10. Jude took 15 minutes to walk from his house to his school. His walking speed was 45 m/min. What was the distance between his house and his school? © Caen Potolications Ete Ltd.Total distance travelled Total time taken vist travelled from Town X to. Town Yin 1h. He then Town Zin 2+ h. ithe had | 4 4. Thomas ran from Point A to Point B in 14 min. He then returned from Point B to Point A in 16 min. The distance between Point A and Point B is 4500 m. Find his average speed in m/min.2. 3. 4. Kate ran round the park at a speed of 16 m/s in 9 s. Joan ran the same distance in 12 s. What was Joan's average speed? Peter took part in a 10-km walkathon. He walked at an average speed of 6 km/h for the first 6 km and at an average speed of 5 km/h for the remaining distance. What was his average speed? Mr Tan drove for 3h at an average speed of 75 knvh for his first part of his journey. He then drove at an average speed of 80 km/h for the next 2 h. What was his average speed for the whole journey?5. A train travelled from Happy Town to Joyful Town at a speed of 90 km/h for 40 min. It took 35 min on its return journey. Find the average speed of the train for the whole journey. 6. Acar travelled from Town X to Town Y at 80 km/h for 24 h. A bus took 4h to travel from Town Y to Town X. What was the average speed of the bus? 7. Jason jogged at an average speed of § kwh for 13 h. He then jogged at an average speed of 4 km/h for another + h. Find hie average speed for his whole journey. Stic ine lle8. Marcus took 2 h 20 min to drive 240 km and g h to drive another 75 km. What was his average speed for the whole journey? ay. . Ben drove at an average speed of 80 km/h for 2 hours. He then reduced his speed by 5 km/h and drove for another 20 minutes. What was his average speed for the whole journey? Give your answer to 2 decimal places. Bro. A motorist travelled 45 km from Town A to Town B at an average speed of 90 km/h. He then increased his speed by 10 km/h and travelled 80 km from Town B to Town C. What was his average speed for his journey from Town A to Town C? Give your answer to 2 decimal places.Example “Michael drove from Town U He took another 30 min remaining journey at an average speed ie whole journey?Exercise 1 Mabel drove from her house to the city. She took 3 h to travel } of her journey. She took another 20 min to travel the remaining journey at an average speed of 90 km/h. What was her average speed for her whole journey? Daniel cycled from his house to his friend’s house. He covered j of his journey in 1h 45 min and the remaining 10 km in 45 min. What was his. average speed for the whole journey? Andy travelled from Town P to Town R through Town Q. He took 1 h to cover 2 of the journey from Town P to Town Q. He then took 14h to travel from Town Q to Town R. If the distance from Town Q to Town R was 60 km, find his average speed for the whole journey.4. Mr Ang drove from Town X to Town Y in 34 h at an average speed of 1 80 knvh. If his average speed for the first + of his trip was 70 km/h, what was his average speed for the remaining part of his trip? es A tour bus took 3 h to travel from Town A to Town C via Town B. After travelling at a constant speed of 65 km/h for 1h from Town A to Town B, it stil had 2 of its remaining journey left. Find the speed the tour bus had to travel for the remaining distance so that it would reach Town C on time. : rs “Stainwelall BePeter leaves ‘Town: Yat the same time and drives to Town Xat.60 km/h. If Larry drives at ‘70 km/h, at what time will they pass each other? Solution 60 + 704 65 + 130 1. Paul drove from Town A to Town B at a speed of 90 km/h. John drove in the opposite direction from Town 8 to Town A at a speed of 100 km/h. Both of them started their journey at 9 a.m. If the distance between the two towns was 475 km, find the time they would meet each other. %y © Casco Publications Ple LaJeremy cycled from his house to Burnside School at a speed of 10 km/h His brother cycled from the same school to his house at 8 km/h. Jeremy left his house at 3 p.m. while his brother left the school half an hour later. The distance between their house and Burnside school was 32 km. At what time would they meet along the way? Point A and Point B are 20 km apart. At 2 p.m., Isaac drove his car away from Point A at a speed of 65 km/h. At the same time, William drove his car away from Point B at a speed of 55 km/h. At what time would they be 170 km apart?Sue ran from Point A to Point B at 10 m/min. At the same time, Grace ran from Point B to Point A at 40 m/min. If the distance between Point A and Point B is 300 m, how far had each of them run when they passed each other? Mr Goh drove from Town P to Town Q at a speed of 70 km/h at 10 a.m. A hour later, Mr Tan drove from Town Q to Town P at a speed of 80 km/h. The distance between the two towns is 310 km. (a) Find the distance travelled by Mr Goh before they passed each other. (b) Find the time they passed each other.4. Joseph swam at a speed of 8 m/s. If the distance between the two ends of the pool is 120 m, how long did he take to swim from one end of the pool to the other end? 2. Mrs Tay took 90 min to travel 120 km. If she was travelling at a constant speed, find her speed in km/h 3. Paul drove from his house to his office at a constant speed of 90 km/h. He left his house at 8.15 a.m. and reached his office at 8.55 a.m. Find the distance travelled by Paul.4. Kelly ran at a speed of 15 m/s in 9 s. Ivy ran the same distance in 12 s. What was Ivy's running speed? 5. Thomas ran from Point P to Point Q in 10 min. He then ran back to Point P in 11 min. If the distance between the two points was 1260 m, find the average speed of Thomas in m/min. A taxi driver drove from Town A to Town B at a speed of 75 km/h for 45 min. On his retum journey, he took 35 min. What was the average speed for his whole journey? Give your answer to the nearest km/h, © Cases Prblcations Be LidsBob drove from Town X to Town Z via Town Y. He drove at an average speed of 81 km/h for 1h 20 min from Town X to Town Z. He took 45 min to drive from Town Y to Z which was 3 of his whole journey, What was his speed when he drove from Town Y to Town Z? ag 0. Amos travelled from Town A to Town C through Town B. He took 1h 30 min to reach Town B. He then covered the remaining 2 of his whole journey in 1h. If the distance between Town B and Town C was 75 km, calculate his average speed for the whole journey.Henry leaves Town X at 6.30 p.m. and drives to Town Y which is 60 km away. Terence leaves Town Y at the same time and drives to Town X at 70 km/h. If Henry drives at a speed of 80 km/h, at what time will they pass each other? & 10. A car was travelling from Town A to Town B while a van was travelling in the opposite direction at 60 km/h. The car passed the van midway between the two towns. It then took another 1h 15 min to complete its remaining journey to Town B. When the car reached Town B, the van was still 35 km away from Town A. What was the distance between the two towns?In this chapter, you will learn to i find the diameter of a circle given its radius and vice versa find the circumference of a circle given its radius or diameter find the perimeter of a semicircle, quadrant or of a figure find the area of a circle given its radius or diameter to find the area of a semicircle, quadrant or of a figure(C) Find the circumference of the circle. Leave your answer in terms of x. Circumference of the circle =a x 20 A = X32 _® 100.53 cmExercise The figures are not drawn to scale. . 22 4. Find the circumference of each of the circles. (Take w= ai | @) ~ 140m (©) - (@) Cs) 70cm. 2. Find the circumference of each of the circles. (Take 2 = 3.14) (b) jigs Bi Lt3. Find the circumference of each of the circles. Leave your answer in terms of x. (a) Find the circumference of each of the circles. (Take the calculator value of x) Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places. (a) 480m (b) - - S ( 22 cm] \ (d) : tbications Pie Ladthe Find the perimeter of each figure. (Ta i (a) (b) Find the perimeter of the figure. (Take the calculator value of 7) Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places. & (b) 16cm4. Find the perimeter of the figure. Leave your answer in terms of 1. "oO |? DdExercise ( The figures are not drawn to scale. 1. Find the area of each of the circles. (Take m= 22 ( 44m a Lsazs Cs 20 cm)3. Find the area of each of the circles. Leave your answer in terms of 7. a4 Find the area of each of the circles. (Take the calculator value of 7) Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places. (a) 7 (b) - aoe ©) . ()Exercise ( 1. Find the area of each figure. (Take m = 2) 44cm 2. Find the area of each figure. (Take m = 3.14) {a) (b) 420m (4 146m Find the area of the figure. (Take the calculator value of 7) Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places. (b)4, Find the area of the figure. Leave your answer in terms of x. . s ‘ aco Padlications Pa Fad wth me i ~ NteExercise eh 1. The figure below is made up of a quadrant and a semicircle. Find the area 2 and perimeter of the figure. (Take x= 2) 2. The figure below is made up of two semicircles. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part of the figure. (Take m = 3.14) "I . The figure shows two semicircles. Find the area and perimeter of the figure. (Take m = 3.14) Give your answer to 2 decimal places.The figure shows a quadrant and a three-quarter circle. Find the area and perimeter of the figure. (Take m = 3.14) iy The figure consists of two similar semicircles and 2 similar quadrants. Find the area and perimeter of the figure. (Take the calculator vaiue of 1) Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places. 6. The figure below is made up of 2 circles. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded figure. Leave your answer in terms of 7.7. The figure is made up of four identical quadrants. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded parts. (Take m = 3.14) 8. The figure is made up of four quadrants and four semicircles. What fraction of the figure is shaded?| 22 1. Find the circumference of a circle with a radius of 28 cm. (Take x = 7) 2. What is the area of a semicircle with a diameter of 20 cm? (Take 7 = 3.14) 3 (a) Find the perimeter of a quadrant with a radius of 7 cm. (Take «= ~ ) (b) Find the perimeter of a semicircle with a diameter of 40 cm. (Take x = 3.14) 1d Pulbleotions Ph Ltdyi! The figure shows two quadrants. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part. (Take = = 3.14) 200m ays The figure shows a quadrant and two semicircles. Find the area and perimeter of the figure. (Take 2 = 3.14)In this chapter, you will learn to VY read and interpret pie charts V¥ solve problems using information given in pie charts ExamplesExercise Gq 4. Sally earns $3600 a month. The following pie chart shows how she spends her monthly salary. Transport Shopping (a) What fraction of her salary does she spend on shopping? (b) What fraction of her salary does she spend on rent? (c) How much does she spend on food? (d) How much does she spend on transport? (e) How much more does she spend on rent than on shopping?2, The following pie chart shows how Matthew spends his time on a weekday. (a) (b) (c) (d) Rest and play What fraction of the day does Matthew spend in school? How many hours does he spend on homework? How many hours does he spend on rest and play? How many more hours does he spend in school than on his homework? What is the ratio of the number of hours he spends in school to the number of hours he sleeps?3. The pie chart shows the different types of stamps in John’s stamp collection John has 150 stamps. He has 2 as many Australian stamps as Chinese 5 stamps. Singapore 56% (a) What percentage of his stamps are Australian stamps? (b) What percentage of his stamps are Chinese stamps? (©) How many Singapore stamps does he have? (d) How many more Singapore stamps than Japanese stamps does he have? (ec) What percentage of his stamps is not from Singapore?4. The pie chart shows the different languages of books in a library. (a) (b) (d) (e) English 5B% What percentage of the books are not English books? The number of Malay books is twice as many as the number of Tamil books. What percentage of Tamil books is there? How many more percent are the English books than Malay books? Find the ratio of the number of Chinese books to the number of Malay books. There are 160 Chinese books. How many books are there altogether?(a) (b) (0) (d) (e) Netball What percentage of the pupils in the class like soccer? How many pupils in the class like volleyball? If 4 of the pupils who like volleyball are boys, how many girls like volleyball? The ratio of the number of pupils who like netball to the number of pupils who like badminton is 8 : 5. How many pupils like netball? How many more pupils like netball than soccer?2. The pie chart shows the popular colours among a group of children. The total number of children who like yellow and green is the same as the total number of children who like purple, red and blue. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Yellow lf 15% of the children like purple, how many children like red? How many children are there altogether? What fraction of the children like blue? What is the ratio of the number of children who like purple to the number of children who like red? How many more percent of the children prefer blue to green?3. The pie chart shows the expenditure of Jason in Januaty. The ratio of his spending on clothes to his spending on food is 5 : 6 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) What fraction of his expenditure was spent on clothes? What percentage of his expenditure was spent on food? If he spent the same amount on food and on utilities, what percentage of his expenditure was spent on presents? How many more per cent did he spend on clothes than on presents? Jason spent $300 on clothes. What was his total expenditure for January?4. The pie chart shows the amount of savings of 5 boys. (d) {e) Aaron $500 What is the total savings of the five boys? Ethan saves thrice as much as David. How much does David save? What fraction of their total savings is Ethan's savings? What percentage of their total savings is Aaron's savings? How much more is Caleb’s savings than Ben's savings?A group of 40 pupils took part in a survey on their choice of their favourite breakfast food, The pie chart shows the results of the survey. Bread Porridge. Cereals Noodles 2 (a) What fraction of the pupils chose porridge for breakfast? (b) What fraction of the pupils chose noodles and cereals for breakfast? (c) How many pupils chose bread for breakfast? (4) How many pupils chose noodles for breakfast? (ce) What fraction of the pupils chose noodles for breakfast?2. There are 240 vehicles in a car park. The pie chart shows the different types of vehicles. (a) How many cars are in the car park? (b) What fraction of the vehicles are vans? (c) What fraction of the vehicles are motorcycles and trucks? (d) There are 24 more motorcycles than trucks. How many trucks are there? (e) How many motorcycles are there?3. The pie chart shows the number of eggs sold by an egg seller over five days. Sunday 40% (a) Find the percentage of the number of eggs sold on Thursday. (b) The egg seller sold thrice as many eggs on Friday as on Wednesday. What percentage of the eggs were sold on Friday? (c) If the egg seller sold 50 more eggs on Friday than on Wednesday, how many eggs were sold on Thursday? (d) How many times as many eggs were sold on Saturday as on Wednesday? (e) How many eggs were sold altogether?4. The pie chart shows the types of housing owned by a group of 1200 residents. — -_ Terrace Bungalow (a) What fraction of the residents own terrace houses? (b) What percentage of the residents do not own bungalows and flats? (c) How many residents own condominiums? (d) The number of residents who own flats is four times as many as the number of residents who own bungalows. How many residents own flats? (e) How many more residents own terrace houses than bungalows?he es In this chapter, you will learn to Y find the area and perimeter of composite figures SolutionExercise 1. The figure below is formed by a square and a quadrant Find the area and perimeter of the figure. (Take x = *) | 2. The figure is made up of a square, a semicircle and two identical quadrants. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part. (Take a = 3.14) 12cm3. The figure below is made up of an equilateral triangle, a square and a 2 semicircle, Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part. (Take x= %) 4. The figure is made up of a rectangle and two semicircles. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part. (Take «= =)5. A rectangular strip of paper is folded at its two ends to form the shape shown below. Find the area and perimeter of the rectangular strip of paper before it is folded Find the area and perimeter of the figure below. (Take the calculator value of m) Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places. 90m7. The figure is made up of a rectangle, four quadrants and 2 semicircles. Find the area and perimeter of the figure: Leave your answer in terms of a. 8. The figure below is made up of 2 squares, 2 quadrants, an equilateral triangle and an isosceles triangle. Given that the ratio of the height of the equilateral triangle to the height of the isosceles triangle is 3 : 2, find the area and perimeter of the shaded part. (Take x = 3.14) 10 cm 450m9. Joan has a rectangular cardboard. She cuts away four quadrants from each comer of the cardboard, Find the area and perimeter of the remaining cardboard. (Take = = 3.14) 10. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part. (Take x = 3.14) 45cm1. The figure is made up of a semicircle, a square and a right-angled triangle. Find the area and perimeter of the figure. (Take = 3.14) a rion 2. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part of the figure. (Take x = 3.14)3. The figure is made up of a quadrant and a triangle. Find the area of the shaded part, Leave your answer in terms of x. 4. In the figure below, EF is the diameter of the circle. ABCD is a square and AC is twice the length of EF. Given that AC = 14 cm, find the shaded area.5. The figure below shows 2 identical squares and a quadrant. Find the area of the shaded part, (Take the calculator value of x) Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places. 6. The figure shows a right-angled triangle and a semicircle. Find the shaded area, (Take x= 2)7. The figure shows a rectangle and a square. Find the area of the shaded part. (Take = 3.14) 15 om 8. Helena uses 2 pieces of wire each 44 cm long to form a circle and a square. What is the ratio of the area of square to the area of the circle? (Take x= 2)9. The figure shows a square and four identical quadrants. Find the shaded area. Leave your answer in terms of 7. 40. The figure is made up of four squares. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part. (Take x = %) Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places. 140mib 2. What fraction of the figure is shaded? aon3. The diameter of the semicircle is 7 cm. Find the shaded area of the figure below. (Take = = 3.14) 4. A rectangular sheet of paper is folded as shown. Find the shaded area. 24 om,5. The figure is made up of a square and 2 similar triangles. Given that the shaded area is 72 cm, find the area and perimeter of the whole figure. 47m 6. Arrectangular piece of paper is folded at both ends to form the figure below. What is the area of the figure?7. Find the shaded area of the figure below. (Take 7 = 2) 8. The diagram shows 3 figures, P, Q and R overlapping one another. The area of Qis thrice the total area of P and R. P and R have the same area. + of P is shaded and i of R is shaded. What fraction of the whole figure is shaded?9. The figure shows a rectangular plot of land with 2 similar 2-m wide stone paths built on it. Find the area of the land not covered by the two paths. 10. The figure is formed by a square and 4 identical triangles. Find the area of the figure. © Casco Pibliedthis chapter, you will learn to find the edge of a cuboid given its volume and the other measurements find one side of the square base of a cuboid given its volume and height v v V find one edge of a cube given its volume ¥ find the volume of water or height of water level in a cuboid: “Edge x Edge (1) Volume of cube = 27 om® (2) Volume of cube = 125 cm* Edge of cube = Edge of cube = (3) Volume of cube = 216 cm® (4) Volume of cube = 512 cm? Edge of cube = Edge of cube = (5) Volume of cube = 729 om? (6) Volume of cube = 1000 cm? Edge of cube = Edge of cube =Exercise Solve the following word problems. 1. A cuboid has a base area of 54 cm?. Its volume is 162 cm*. What is the height of the cuboid? 2, Arectangular box with a square base has a height of 6 om, It has a volume of 150 om®, Find its length. 3. A cube has a volume of 512 cm®. Find its base area. © Cao Pnbie4. Cube X has the same volume as Cuboid Y. What is the length of Cube Xx? Cube X 6em Cuboid Y A em 5. Container A has a volume equal to ; of the volume of Container B. Find the length of Container B. — 9em Le Coils Patios BL6. A rectangular block with 2 square faces has a length of 15 cm. A cube of volume 27 cm# is cut from it. What is the volume of the remaining block? 7. The ratio of the length to the breadth to the height of a rectangular box is 8:5: 6. If the length is 24 cm longer than the breadth, find the volume of the rectangular box. 8. A cuboid with a length of 9 cm and a breadth of 4 cm has a volume thrice as much as a cube. The cube has a volume of 216 cm3. What is the difference in height between the cuboid and the cube?9. The figure below shows a rectangular block with 2 square faces. Given that the rectangular face has an area of 360 cm? and the ratio of its length to its breadth is 5 : 2, find the volume of the rectangular block. 10. The volume of Cube A to the volume of Cube B to the volume of Cube C is in the ratio 1: 8 : 27. If the difference in volume between Cube B and Cube C is 152 cm’, find the length of each cube:Exercise 1, How many 2-cm cubes can be cut from a rectangular block, 14 cm by 12 cm by 10 cm? 2 Peter has some 4-cm cubes. If he wants to build a cuboid measuring 24 om by 20 cm by 16 cm, how many of these cubes does he need? 3. What is the maximum number of 3-cm cubes that can fit into a 15 cm by 10 cm by 12 cm cuboid? 4. How many 3-cm cubes are needed to form a larger 12-cm cube?5. The volume of a cube is 729 cm®. Find the total surface area of the cube. 6. A metal cube has a total surface area of 1350 cm*. Find its volume. 7. Find the total surface area of a cuboid measuring 24 cm by 15 cm by 10 cm. 8. The surface areas of the cuboid are shown below. What is the volume of the cuboid?Example ‘An empty cubical container of edge 10 cm is filled with 0.45 1 of water. (2) What is the height of the water level? Exercise Solve the following word problems. 1, A rectangular tank measuring 50 cm by 35 cm by 20 cm was 60% filled with water. When some water was poured into the tank, it became 3 full of water. How many litres of water were poured into the tank? © Casco Publications Pla Ltd2. A rectangular tank with a base area of 600 cm? was 3 filled with water. 2.8 | of water was poured into the tank to fill it completely. What was the original height of the water in the tank? A container 40 cm. by 20 cm by 12 cm is 4-filled with water. A metal cube of edge 10 cm is placed in the water. What is the height of the water level now? A pail was + full of water at first. When 1.5 / of water was poured into it, the pail became © full All the water from the pail was then poured into a tank, 25 cm by 20 cm by 10 cm. What was the height of the water level in the tank?5, 80% of a rectangular tank, 80 cm by 50 cm by 30 cm, is filled with water. What will be the height of the water in the tank if a brick of volume 2000 cm* is placed in it? 6. 75% of a rectangular tank, 20 cm by 15 cm by 12 cm is filled with oil. A cubical tank of sides 10 cm is 80% filled with oil. If the oil in the rectangular tank is transferred into the cubical tank until it is completely filled, find the volume of oil that is left in the rectangular tank. 7. Mark placed a conerete block into an empty rectangular tank measuring 80 cm by 60 cm by 40 cm. He then fills the tank with water flowing from a tap at 10 i/min for 5 min. As a result, the tank was 60% filled and the concrete block was completely covered by the water. What was the volume of the concrete block?8. A rectangular tank was filled when 3.6 / of water was poured into it. The tank had a height of 32 cm. (a) If the ratio of the length to the breadth of the tank was 4 : 3, find the length of the tank. (b) When § identical metal balls were immersed in the water, the water level rose by 20%. Find the volume of each metal ball A rectangular container had a base area of 250 cm’. Water flowed out at 200 cm? per minute from a leak at the bottom of the container. If the original water level was 20 cm at first, what was the water level after 10 minutes?10. A jug contains 1.8 / of water. Mary pours all the water from the jug into Containers A and B such that the water levels in both containers are the same. ° L VScom (a) What is the water level in each container? (b) Find the difference between the volumes of water in both containers. 11. A rectangular tank 45 cm by 30 cm by 25 cm is filled with water flowing from two taps A and B. Water flows from Tap A at 0.5 min and 0.75 min from Tap B. How long will it take to fill the tank completely if both taps are turned on at the same time? © Casco Pnblcations Ble Lid:Two taps were tured on to fill a rectangular tank 53 cm by 50 cm by 25 cm. Water flowed from Tap A at 1500 cmé/min and 775 om*%min from Tap B. Tap A was turned on for 5 minutes before Tap B was turned on: How long will it take for the tank to be 80% filled?1. Arectangular container has a base area of 400 cm?. Find its height if it has a capacity of 2.88 2. What is the difference in volume between a 3-cm cube and a 6-cm cube? 3. Cuboid A has the same volume as Cuboid B. Find the breadth of Cuboid B. 12cm 10 cm4. The volume of the cuboid shown below is 1800 cm" and the shaded area of the cuboid is 120 cm?. The ratio of its breadth to its height is 6 : 5. Find the total surface area of the cuboid. 5. The ratio of the length of Cube X to the length of Cube Y is 2 : 3. If the difference in volume between the 2 cubes is 513 cm’, find the length of Cube Y. 6. A ccubical tank with an edge of 15 cm was 30% filled with water. 15 identical metal blocks were put into the water and the height of the water rose to 412 cm. What was the volume of each metal block?7. Accubical tank of edge 12 cm is ; filled with water. The water is then poured into an empty rectangular container with a base area of 150 cm? until it is half-filled. Find the height of the rectangular container. 8. The rectangular tank contains water to a depth of 18 cm. When 3.24 / of water is added, the tank becomes 75% filled water. What is the height of the tank? 240m A rectangular swimming poo! measuring 60 m by 40 m is filled with water by 2 pipes. 1 pipe fills the pool at 18 m* per minule while the other at 12. m® per minute. How many hours will it take to fill the pool with water to a height of 2.5 m? © Cosco Pubhcdtions Pie i.