Different Patterns of Development Critical reading- is an analytic activity.

The • The nature of the illustrations brought

1. Narration – refers to a sequential telling of reader rereads a text to identify patterns of to bear
a story or recounting of a series of events elements -- information, values, assumptions, • And the nature of the thinking that
2. Definition - Explains an idea, term or
and language usage-- throughout the would explain all aspects of the text
phrase. It help control the meaning and scope
of important terms or ideas discussion> being as they are.
3. Description – “emphasizes the senses by Things to consider: • In the end, readers must take control
painting a picture of how something looks,  What book or article are you reading of the text, not just repeat its
sounds, smells, tastes, or feels. Description is  Who is involved assertions. At its core, critical reading
often used to establish a mood or atmosphere”  Who wrote the text involves becoming the author of one's
4. Comparison and contrast – compares Critical reading: steps own understanding.
two things to highlight their subtle similarities
Step1: • In the end, readers must take control
and differences. (describe a connection
between two things ) - The initial step of critical reading of the text, not just repeat its
5. Sequence – describes steps, events, involves recognizing a text as a presentation in assertions. At its core, critical reading
processes, or procedures. There are three its own right. This step is concerned with involves becoming the author of one's
types of Sequence: steps, timeline, and cycle. identifying such elements own understanding
6. Cause and effect – shows the linkage of Step2: Critical Reading Strategies
causation – how events are influenced or - The next step involves describing the • 1. ANNOTATING- is underlining or
caused by another. “The author's intent is to highlighting the the important ideas or
nature of these aspects of the text, of
tell us how an event always leads to an points in a text like thesis
outcome. classifying the nature of the material within the
statement.
7. Problem and solution. Here, the author’s text • 2. CONTEXTUAL READING-a reader
intent is to discuss or propose a solution to a • The nature of the examples – what studies the author of the text,the time
problem. The relationship between the problem the examples are examples of or period when the author wrote it
and the solution is explored. • The nature of the evidence – what and the important events that
kinds of authorities are invoked, what occurred during the time the text was
Assertion-a statement used to make a written.
types of evidence are provided
declaration or to express strong belief on a • 3.OUTLINING- an overview of a
particular topic • The nature of the choice or terms–
document in which information and
Different kinds of Assertions what types of terms are applied to ideas are arranged according to
1. Fact-a statement that can be proven what topics hierarchy.
objectively by direct experiemce, Step3: • 4. SUMMARIZING- the condensing
testimonoies of witnesses, verified The final step involves inferring the underlying or writing of a material in the reader’s
observations or the result of research. own words.
assumptions and perspectives of the
2. Convention- a way in which • 5. PARAPHRASING- It is putting or
discussion, taking into account all of the
something is done, similar to writing a text in your own words but
elements of the text
traditions and norms. It can be maintaining the original information
Things to consider: as given by the author.
verified only by reference to historical,
precedent, custom, laws, rules, • COMPARING and CONTRASTING-
• Throughout, critical reading relies Comparing is naming the similarities
common usage
on abstracting, on classifying the of two or more ideas or information.
3. Opinion (Subjective universality) Contrasting is naming their
nature of things,
4. Preference- based on persona; differences.
• The nature of the structure of the text
choice; your desire or wish. • EVALUATING an ARGUMENT- a
• The nature of the language employed
criticl reader must not accept anything
• The nature of the examples invoked on face value;instead,he or she must
 evaluate whether the claim or the truth or validity
argument that the author is 3.CONCLUDING SENTENCE-the final
presenting is true and can be sentence and should be well-crafted and apt.
supported by evidence. Types of Context Clues
• REFLECTING ON CHALLENGES to We infer the meaning of these words from
your BELIEFS and VALUES- there what's going on or what has already been
are reading materials that will affect established in the text. Clues for
your emotions.They may deciphering a word's meaning can be
disturb,challenge or confuse you. rendered in the form of anything from a subtle
• LOOKING for PATTERNS of hint to a straight-out explanation, definition, or
OPPOSITION- Some writers present illustration. Context clues can also take the
opposing issues or hints and these are form of synonyms, antonyms, word-structure
what a critical reader or thinker may clues, comparisons (such as metaphors and
use in his/her analysis of the text. similes), and contrasts.
• JUDGING the WRITER’s Synonym: The annual bazaar is scheduled for
CREDIBILITY- there are 3 questions the last day of school. It's always a
to check the credibility: if he/she is fun festival.
knowledgeable about his or her Antonym context clues offer nearby words
subject in the way he/she has with opposite meanings.
presented his/her facts and Affixes- an additional element placed at the
statistics;if s/he is building a common beginning or end of a root, stem, or word, or in
ground with the readers,or if s/he is the body of a word, to modify its meaning.
basing his/her reasoning on shared There are three main types :
beliefs 1.Prefix- occurs at the beginning of a word or
• EXPLORING the FIGURATIVE stem
LANGUAGE- is a language that uses 2. Suffix- at the end
words or expressions with a meaning 3.Infix- In English has no infixes, but they are
different from the literal interpretation found in American Indian
• RECOGNIZING EMOTIONAL languages, Greek, Tagalog, and elsewhere. An
MANIPULATION- as a reader, you example from Tagalog is the alteration of the
have to be suspicious and be cautious form sulat, “a writing,” to the form sinulat,
when the writer uses emotionally “that which was written,” through the addition
loaded words,writes very harsh and of an infix, -in-.
abusive things about or against
someone or something maligns or
insults another.
Brainstorming is an informal way of
generating topics to write about, or points to
make about your topic. It can be done at any
point.
PARAGRAPHS-It can become the basis for a
future composition or essay. A
cluster/group/series of interrelated sentences
which develop a single idea
STRUCTURE
1.TOPIC SENTENCE- what you know, think,
like or dislike about it
2.SUPPORTING SENTENCES-to show its