L SHI

--.-- . --.--.. --
-~---.-
CAT.NO. 3~a1
bOOOl1t6

Explorer Badges
Universal Explorer Badge

BADGES, OF OFFICE
Worn On left Sleeve" Inche. Below Sltoulc:lcr Sam.

Asst. Crew leader Crew' Leader Aut.Explorer Guide

Explorer Guide Asst.P ost Advisor Post Advisor

Gold, Silver

BADGES OF RANK
Wom CentcNCi On' Left Breast PocIcct.

Apprentice Woodsman, Frontiersman' Ranger

 HINTS,ON EXPLORER LEADERSHlP
Key to Quest ions and Answers

CHAPTERS PAGES CHAPTERS PAGES

I. THE WHY or EX FLORER SCOUTING 3. What is the relntion of the
t. What is the scope of ~uide to the Advisor7
Explorer Scouting? 4. Is there new emphasis here?
2. What is the purpose of the S. How are Crews formed?
Scau t Novemen t T 6. How many should be in a CrewT
3. What age brackets does 7. How are the Program Com-

J Seou tin g se rve ,

4. What is Senior Scouting?
5. Is'there special need for
mittees formed?
8. Should every Explorer have
some job?
,
4., Senior Scouting! 9. How do the Prggram Committees
6 ~\ Of what are the Senior operate?
Programs made up? iO. ~at does the Indoor Pro-
7. What are some common charac- gram Committee do?
teristics of Senior Scouting 1i. What does the Outdoor Com-
Programs? mit tee do?
8. How do Senior Programs i2. Vlhat does the Social Com...
di fferT mitte'!! dol
9. Should Seniors train their i3. What does the Service Com-
successors? mittee do?
to. What is ~xplorer S~outing? 14. How does the program deter-
mined by the Co~ittee g~t
II. HOW EXPLORER SCOlTTING IS SET UP 8.
into action?
i. Who may become Explorers? is. ~ny is program planning done
2. How may one become an this way?
Explorer? IV. EXP1.0RER SCOUT LEADERS 14.
3. vfuat is the terminology used
by Explorers 1 i. Who are the Explorer Leadersf
4. How do Explorers register? 2. Are there special qualif-
S. WhQt Insignia QTe ,used? ications needed by the
6. How is an Explorer Post commissioned lead.rs?
Organized and Registered! 3. wnat are the duties of the
7. What about training for Post Advisor?
'leaders? 4. What are the chief duties
8. What is the length of Explorer of the Post Committee?
Leaderii' ter»ls 0 f 0 ff ice? 5. What are the chief duties
of the Explorer Guide?
9. When and where are Post
6. Does the Assistant Explorer
meet in9s held?
Guide have any defiflite
iO. Who is responsible for conduct-
responsibilities?
ing m6Hlltings?
7. What a00ut the keeping of
ti~ Is a Post independent of a
J Troop under the same sponsor?
i2. Should the Troop's Scoutmaster
8.
the Log?
Does the Pest Secretary also
keep the funds?
also be the Post Advisor?
9. Are there special jobs for
i3. Should the same men serve on
the Crew Leaders?
the Troop and Post Committeest
l4. What are the Post Committees
to. DOes the Assistont Crew
Leader have responsibility
responsibilities?
beyond substituting for the
III. Ho.¥ THE EXPLORER PPOGR»l \\oRKS :I.i. Crew Leader in his absence'
i. 'tlhat leaders do Explorers have? ii, How abo~t the Program
2. Who i , in charge of activities? Committee Chairmen! '
 2 --

CH«~PTERS PAGCS CHAPTERS

7. Who initials the score card

i. Is there a plan of Cl1'1 lorEn Scout when
for l1H?et i lH;;S i he hcrs completed (l,ny spe'-
2. Should there De a meeting cHic project 1
at the TOC'!?! eV0ry week? 8. Who interprets the T9-
.), How should meetings Of} ments?
divided to insure Social 9, How important is the
Servicte J .Outdoor, and Advar:c~)mEm t Plan in the whole
Indoor Activities being lorer SC()ut P
of;ce':17 to, What other types of advancG-
't. How much. should. the POl!lt ment ar~ there for orers1
on o\\'l:dde h J
H. ~ow do L,?n<9 lors!' Scouts
such QI technicians and advance?
speak9Hd
.5 . p:.re t'~te Program (;o:rr'~.rnitte€s VIII. W':>J:AT 00 THE EXPLORER .APPRENTICE
responsible for the opera- REQUI RE!>!ENTS ME).,}!?
tion of the meetings? i. Could not thesA entrance
6. How can inspiration be worked rement shave b6len made
into the meetings? more diHicult?
7. How about conduct of other 2. ,.lhat about entrants with no
m•• tings such as Social or Scout training?
C"ru tdoo:r af fo iTS? 3" ""hat about II Sccmts?
4. Interpretation of the
VI, PHYSICAL FITNeSS
rent ice remants.
3i cal Fi tl'leS8 0 f ~. Skeleton hints for ceremony.
interest to rers1 I s any Scali t Ran k requ 1. red
2, Is fitness vi tally t- of an l~r.r Scoutl
an t :now?
IX~ \~Af"r DO ~)()DS1~1A}J ·R E({UI RE!lf"IENTS
3~ ~dhat is sical Fitness
l'fLAt''!' lO.
4. How can such a program be
;i pu t cc ross" in an orer
Pos t?
S. Why is Self-Confidence im-
portcmt? 0,) Special ing
Skilh
II, roft
1. Are Senior SCDuts interested D) Trail
in P..dvancement1 F'i it? and Food
2. Is the Unit Advo.nc10ment Plan B~ckwood~ Engineering
suitable? Weclther
;:,. Vll'tat i the Post Council! Ill. field Craft
4. How is th 8 ralated to the (7) Stalltinq and Conceal-
Council Advancement Committegi nent
S. Does anyone of the Program (8) Orientation
(9) CCmtl\llf! ieat ions
ment j
(to) Trail First Aid
6. Can Advancement and group
projects motivate each IV. Bxp"di ti on 5
other? i tions
 - 3 -

CHAPTERS PAGES

IX~ WHAT 00 WO:::>DSMAN REQUIREMENTS

MEAN? (Con t inuedJ

(U) Camping
V. Life Explorations
(i3) Hobbies and Skills
(1~)Voca t ions
(15)Farm Project
~~(i6) Social Observances
VI. Community Participation
(i7) Community Service
Projects
(i8) Conservation
(i9) Continuing Community
Duties
VII. Group Participation Record
(20) Satisfactory Record
X. WHAT DO THE FRONTIERS~~ REQUIREMENTS
1'lF.AN! 36.
Fron t i ersm~.!an.k Requi rem~..n~
Follow the same outline of
Requirements given for Woodsman
in Chapter IX.

XI. WHAT DO THE RANGE,R REQUIREMENTS

MEAN? 40.
Rang!"r Ran-k Requ i re~en t s
Follow the same outline of
Requirements given for Woodsman
in Chapter IX.
XII. SUGGESTED CEREJvlON IES
i. Ceremonies in Explorer Scoutin~
2. Simple opening and closing Ceremony.
3. Investiture or opening Ceremony
tor Explorers.
4. An initiati.n or new member Ceremony.

APPENDIX
Reprints from SCOUTING magazine on
Explorer Scouting.
 fOREWORD

These "H in ts on erar Leadersh A are in broad

ou"tline to he St:outinQ'

covering the sp0~ial of activities which wOTk best for their

Post (md for their part of the country.

These hints ere tOl" both the young-Tnan leaders cnd the Advis-

ors should ,help them work cl together.

The question-ilnd-answer ll1ethod i is

tiona arise in the leadership ot local

the Senior Scouting Service is available on reque~t. The "Hints"

interpretation of the Advancsll1snt

The as of local leader5 i earnest
improving this matG:riol in its lIext repn)d 1Iction.

Those who have hel develop the new, program Qwoit your suggeE-

the Senior Scouti

Naw York i6 J New York.

EDITOlUf\L BOARD

BOY SroUTS or AMERICA

 CHAPTER

THE WHY Of PLORER SCOUTING

Explorer Scouting brings the fine flavor of Scouting tradition to young

I"en; nany of 'Hhom have never been Scouts, It is to ~ldult thinking end
Gdult activities" Its scene of action may be laid in the "ror.k. It
especially fi ts the forests, oins, streams; and mOi.ll",tains of Alnerica, In
orer Scouting> one feele the c cold air of thf~ rocky heights; the smell
of the sage or of pine and balsam. He may f(lill the heave o.nd toss of his canoe
in th 1'0 ds.

The e ",reT.; oneer; insman, forgs t ranger) cow puncher J Indian

scout; hunter,; soldier, voyager; fnrmer J and modern city dweller have all contri-
buted somethLng to its rich program and vigorous activity.

2~ t~!H>AT IS THE P1JPPOSE OF THE SC()UT ~10VEMENT?

To provide Qctivities and associations and ideal. which may help

and young man in their own of developing desirable traits of character and
of A"r,erican Citizenship,

::.. \'I'EAT AGE BRACK ETS DOES SCOUTING SERVE 1

fer s 9-·iC-U-~Cub ScoutIng., a home centered program

(b) For s i2 and 01 Scouting, a communi tared program
(cj For young men is and older--Senior Scoutin~Js a life-centered progrOJ'Il,

·i. 'wHAT IS SENIOR SCOUTING?

Senior Scouting is a Scout program for young men. Thera are three main
divisions of it ~ Air Scoutin young man
fift.en year. of age may partie

5, IS [WERE SP[;CI.AL NEED FOR S[NIOR SC'(iLiTING!

grow up--::'J() do thaiI· nterest,,-~henca a more advanced progrmn of

things to do is needed to lrtrerest them when t reach fifteen years and over.
This is on age level of great ,:wergy and one with relatively few anned pro-
gr,:;ms frornl,,'hich to ChOOSfY, Therefore, this life area. is one in which the
Scout l'1ovement can b@ of inestimQble value fer stabilizatic>:r; and for growth and
outrench,

A th
stage in life the young m(Hl hos a
8 deal to learn in a com-
paroti short time. He wishes to tryout everything possible, Training for
lif9 1 S work; learning hew to get along with girls. establishing himself as an
adult 0 EH:!:rning additional money to meet increas8d need5; all combined wi th his
lave of the outdoors and his thirst for adventure make this period of his
t Q critical ane.

Senior Scouting is desl tc help the young mQn meet these needs cUld
d€sires, while at the 5Q!1'1<:;: tim9 enjoying the companionship of others of: his own
C!(Je and Ute advice and guidance of an aIde. man whom he respect s.
 - 6 -

6. or WHAT ARE THE SENIOR FROG~AMS MADE UP?

(a) Group activiti~! - These involve associations with ~thers in meetings,
indoor and outdoor J in social and forum affairs, in vigorous physical recreat ion
and expeditions and helpful service.
(b) Indi vidual act i vii ies - These include advancemen t which brings
recognition of the individual's mastery of his se1ections frOm a list of graded
projects, at once enjoyable in themselves and with educational values. The in-
dividual also gains valuable experience from doing his part in the grouu affairs.

7. WHAT ARE SOME COMMON CHARACTERISTICS or SENIOR SCOUTUJG PROGRAMS

~.

~(a) A sponsoring group of men interested in YOUftg men with a responsible

cOIIlmittee and an adult leader in a distinctly advisory capacity.
(b) A youth group under youth leaders developing friendships while carry-
iftg on their own activities, with adult help and counsel.-
(c) The rich adventure of the out of doors and knowing how to be "at
hpme" there J like the piooneer whose resourcefulness J initiativeJ and responsi-
bility weredeveloped through practice of these qualities.
(d) Eeing prepared to meet emergencies and mastering many skills of
safety and life-saving. Here J learning by doing is the essential method.
(e) The Good Turn idea of being helpful to others with its appreciation
of indi vidual and group service ,to indi viduQls and to the commonwealth.
(f) Emphasis on the four duties--Duty to God) Duty to country, Duty to
others J Duty to self-- the last of which is implemented by chances to sample a
wiQe range of over iOO Merit Badge fields with an eye to their possible life-
wOrk meaning.
(g) Participation in social affairs with young ladies both for the fun
they provide and the social education involved.

8. HOW DO SE~IOR PROGRAMS DIFrER?

These programs) with outdoor flavor and citizenship implication •• offer
projects beyond those of the Troop, ench program carrying a central emphasis-
outdooring on land for the Explorer, water and sea skills fot the Sea Sc~t; the
air ana its place in the modern wo~ld for the Air Scout. However. in com.on they
have the Scout i4eo1s and Scout citi~enship training and broadened community
contacts.

9. SHOltO SEtHORS TRAIN THEI R SUCCESSORS?

'l'he Scout Tr.,flP' is not run like a factory where a man who do~s a good
job as f~eman may be kept at it permanently. The Scout Troop is an eduCational
grouping) wherein the aim is to gi ve each person Q chance to gain experience as a
leader. Therefore. the terms of office for junior leaders may well be brief so
tha~ the chance may be p~ssed around. Senior Scouts who are leav~ng Troop
leadership positions sh,uld take 80ae responsibility to find and train their im-
mediate successors in the Troop,
 - 7 -

iO. WHAT IS EXPLOR&R SroUTING?

Explorer Scoutinq is a young man's pr09ralll--!£.! young men J run.Ex..

young men .. but with the interest Qnd counsel and help of adult leadersJ who are
companions rather than cOll'lmanders. It centers on four lIlain idea.s:

(a) Learning and using more adv~ced outdoor and emergency skills.
( b) Enjoyment of group associations .. responsibilities .. meetings J expeditions"
•
<\I'd social aff.irs. These a.l"e organized and operated Ii .. similar adult
o?banizations--hence Qre tFoining experiences in democratic living.
(c) Ever watching fOf'l\tCtV$ to be of service to th.e~unity and the people
in it. This touches the inner brotherly spirit of true citizenship.
Personal growth through an QQvance-.nt plan which offers chances to
sample many sorts of hobbies and Skills .. which may relate to a life work.
 CHA

HOW EXPLORER SCOUTING IS UP

EXPLOPEFS?
younV man i5 yea~s of age or over is eligible to as an
orar. He may. Dr may not have bean a Scmt previously.
OIJ[ BECOr1E Ai: EXPLOREfH

some cll1.lI'ch, school, patrh."ltic or fra.ternal organizotion; or ty beCemtll1g 0

A Ex oreT SCDut. This last me hed is u$ed only when there is no orar Post
hin Q reaaonable distance.

Explorer Post i tly s Unit wi th a minimum of five

you~g men members

Pos t COIT'Jl'.i t t ee comr..ittae of three or more male citizens" 2i or

older, rapresenti 9 the sponsoring group
Post Advisor the cdult lauder or advisor. male c tizenj 21 or older
lorer Guide the top young man leader or president of the Post
fijlactad by his fellow
Crew - subdivision of the Pest for carry out Post
business and project.
- the young man leader of the Craw elected
- Dna for each leadership position: Asslatant Craw
Leader} .Assistant Ad'ld.50r .. etc,

Plann
Commi U.eaa 0'1
young !:'len. to and carry ort Fost programs
Poat Ccmncil - o.d;,risorl' era "'1{(uJ'lining group mad. up of all ofHoPrr~
of th/iil Poet
,i\pprantice (ant ~ Woodsma~, (first rank)}
f'rontjersllvJ,!1 (micldlEl ~ (top ii,l1\k)

4. HOw DO PF.GISTER?

an ereI' Pos em form O-i470 (for th" entire Post).

As members of a Senior Scout Outfit. on Form 0-1470 (for the

ontire UutH t).

- 8
 - 9 -

(e) As additional enrollments after the start of the Post's charter year,
young men on Form C~1467, adult leaders on Form 0-716.
(d) As transfers from a Boy Scout Troop or from another Local Council, on
Form O-S02-A.
(el As Lone Explorer Scouts, on Form O-i469.

5. WHAT INSIGNIA ARE USEDf

The badges of office and rank are pictured inside the front cover.

6. HOW IS AN :EXPLORER POST QRGANI'ZED AND REGISTERED'

"'- ,
T~ process is quite like the organization of a Troop or Ship or Squad-
ron. Back of the Post is the Sponsoring Institution or group, which may already
have organized a Cub Scout Pack and a Boy Scout Troop. This Sponsor selects a
P~t Committee of three or more men who are citizens at least 21 years ot age.
The Committee, in turn, selects the Post Advisor and his Assistants. The Post is
legistered on Form 0-1470- Ee~ Scouters (adult leaders) also use Form 0-716.
The forms are filed with the Local Council. Registration fees are 50 cents for
each young man, one dollar for each Scouter. Scouters receive SCOUTING magazine.
(See Senior Scouting
..
GuideboOK
I ·
for the detailed steps of organizing a Post.)

7. WHAT ABOUT TRAINING FOR LEADERS?

The general policy is that every Scouter should be ~ra,~ne~ before h,!
tries. Requests for the Explorer Leaders· Training Course can be made directly
to the Local Council. It is available by three methods, depending on the number
of men ready to take it at one time: (1)Group course for leaders from several
Posts, (2) One Post Course for leaders within a Post, (3)Home study course for a·
single leader. The group discussions in the first two will prove most helpful.

The terms or the Post Advisor, Assistant Advisor, and Post Committee-
men correspond to the one-yeay term of the c~rter issued to the Post by the
National Council.
It is recommended that the terms of the Explorer Guide" Crow Leaders"
Secretary, Progrom Committee Chairmen" and the Assistant. to all these be shorter
so that as many Post memhers as possil:>le can get the benefit bt leadership experi-
ence. Three to six months is advisable. Of course" leaders mey be r.-~lected
when the group desires.

9. WHERE AND WHEN ARE POST MEETINGS HELD?

Many will be held at the Base furnished by the Sponsor. However" they
may be outdoors ~ wherever the Post's explorations take its members. The
greater the variety in meeting places" the more interesting the progroms are
likely to be. Generally meetings are held weekly though not always on the same
day. For example" a Post might start October with a Friday night session at the
Base to make final plans for the month and to work on archery tackle. There-
after its weekly meetings could include an overni9ht trip~ starting late Friday"
to inspect'Q state fish hatchery; a Sat~rdQY afternoon archery meet; dnd Q
Saturday night Halloween party at one of the member's homes.
 - to -

iO. WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING MEETINGS?

It is important that the responeibili ty for each event of a meeting be

definitely .fixed beforehand. Although the Explorer Guide~ who functions as pres-
ident~ has the ultimate responsiblity for the succes, of the program J his task
usually is merely to make sure that others carry out their duties. These others
may be the Program Planning Committee which made the aTrangements for a meeting~
or a special committee or a Crew assigned to handle the details of the program.

ii. IS A POSr INDEPENDENT or A TROOP UNDER THE SAME SPONSOR?

~~es~ the Poat is a .eparate group co~pletely independent .f the Troop.
Of course the Post coop.Tates wherever possible wi ttl the Troop Ctf Pac k in the
same institution.
i2i SHOULD THE TROOP'S SCOUTMASTER ALSO BE THE POST ADVISOR?
He should not except in very unusual circumstances.

U. SHOULD THE SAME MEN SERVE ON THE TROOP AND POST COMMITTEEST
They should not except in very unusual circumstances.
: . ' ,I,
i4. WHAT ARE THE POST COMMITTEE'S RESPONSIBILITIES?
(i) Select and recruit Post Advisor (also Assistant) and represent
the iponsor in authorizing his commiSsion. Prospeotive Explorer Scouts' sugg-
estions of men for Advisor should be considered.
(2) Provide necessary place and tacili ties for meeting••
(3) Assist in planning the Post finance program and establishing a
_ J' .
Poal revolving fund where advi,aPle.
. '. \ ..
~

(4) Provide o~portunities for participation in adventurous activities

suited to y~ung men.
. .. . .~; ; '". (5) Encourage qnd assist a planned recruiting program.
(6) Recruit technical advisors to asai$t in specialized training tor
advanoement and Crew projects.
(7) Help acquire t,raining and progralTl material from government (U\d
oth:er sourCeS.
(8) Provide opportunity for advancement. (U,e Unit Advancement Plan.)
(9) Help assure Post participation in District~ Council~ and Regional
acti vi ties.
(to) Insure recogni t ion of Senior Scout ing by the Sponsoring Inst i tu-
tion through regular reports to the governing board and membership of the
., ,',' " institution •
•( c· (H.) Encourage cooperati ve relationshi p wi th other Scout ing groups in
the same ineUtutlon and with in the District.
 CHAPTER 1'1
HOW THE EXPLORER PROGRAM WORKS

i. WHAT LEADERS DO EXPLORERS HAVE?

The Post Guide (and Assistant) - the young man whom Explorers elect
to be leader and presiding officer.
Secretary who keeps all records.
Chairmen of PrograM Committees - Explorers who direct committee.
in the Program activities.
\
Crew Leaders - Explorers elected by each Crew.
<;,-,

~e Post Advisor (and Assistant) - the adult leader selected by the

sponsoring group and its Post Committee to serve as friendly companion and
"coach" to the Post Guide .. Crew Leaders .. and Program Committees.
2. WHO IS IN CHARGE or ACTIVITIES?
The Post Gui~e. He handles the Post and is chairman of meetings J
quite like the President of Q Rotary .. Kiwanis .. Lions .. etc ... Clubs.

3. WHAT IS THE RELATION OF THE GUIDE TO THE ADVISOR?

A close .. friendly helpfulness paralleling that between the faculty
advisor and president of a college fraternity chapter or a foot-ball coach and
the captain of the team. They plan and work together with the Guide at the helm ..
and the Advisor quietly helping him with the navigation. The advisor gives
suggestions and encouragement .. or sounds warnings when necessary.
4. IS THERE NEW EMPHASIS HERE?
.. j " Yes .. as in other Senior Scouting programs .. it is applying the democratic
idea to llrunningll a Post. The adult .. while responsible to the sponSors and the
Boy Scouts of America .. is not a boss. He works through his Post Guide and the
Program Committees. He throws in suggestions when the "machine bogs down" and
keeps it on the tracks and traveling in the right direction.

'. 5. HOW ARE CREWS fORM EDT

The Post Guide and the Post Advisor need to work carefullywlth their
Group of Explorers to give time for the natural groupings to c~e to light. The ••
are based ~n friendship .. which .. in turn .. ~~to depend on aS80ciation-- living
near each other~ attending same church or school .. and the like. The Explorers
"'., . themselves need the chance to express their preterences~ 80 that groups form
naturally rather than being wished on them. Or Crews may be made. up of those
men interested in the same subjects .. hobbi.s~ or work. Thh is similar to the
method used in organizing Crews in Air Scouting and Sea Scouting.

6. HOW MANY SHOULD BE IN A CREW?

This depends on the number of Explorers in the Post. However~ keep in
mind that young men of Senior Scout age tend strongly to run in ~ natural
groups, rather than being interested in artifi~l PatrOlS of the traditional six
or eight persons. The number is more likely to be three to five.

- it -
 - i2 -

7. HOW A~E THE PROGRAM COMMITTEES rO~MEOt

The Explorers themselves should be nllowed to nominnte and elect the

chairmen of the four Program Committees.
Then each Explorer should be allowed in so fnr ns possible to become
a member Qf the Committee to whiCh he prefers. However, the following principles
should be observed. Every Crew should be represented on every Committee. Every
member ~ !.!l! Post should serve
on jt-C_ittee. See Appendix, "Seniors PI~
Their Own" dnd "The Senior Scouts Build a Program."
..... .
8 .SHOO\O EVERY EXPLORER HAVE S<>1E JOBt
Yes - if possible. The Committee set-up should be worked out after the
CJews have organized and each has elected its own Crew Leader.

9. HOW DO THE PROGRAM COMMITTEES OPERATE?

Much li~e the committees of a service club. Each is responsible ·to the
Post Guide for orgnnizing and developing action in its particular field. In do-
ing this, one of the particular responsibilities is to find out what kinds of
programs and projects are most desired by the group as a whole.

iO. WHAT DOES THE INDOOR PROGRAM COMMITTEE DO?

At the outset, its job should be to find out: how frequent should the
Indoor meeting be? On what day? At what hour? Where? These are questions on
which everyonefs viewpoint should be expressed, as the success of meetings depends
upon having Explorers enjoy them.

~ He".'
.4 e.;.., ••l. meetin._ is •••ia.
planning and in carrying them out.
4. moay •• ,.••i.1. ...... ••

It is also their responsibility, trom time to time, to secure, from the

Explorers, criticisms and further suggestions for types of programs. Numerous
ideas are to be found in"Adventuring for Senior Scouts," Chapter V.

H. . _. COMMITTEE DOT
WHAT DOES THE OUTDOOR
It is their job to plan, arrange for, and carry out outdoor activities
suited to the seasons and in tune with the interests of the members of the Post.
Taese may be short outdoor trips, overnight camps, as well as big~ special
expeditions by canoe~ horse, bicycle,on foot J etc.

12. WHAT DOES THE SOCIAL Ca1MITTE£ OO?

Tnis important Committee has the job of pl~nning and carrying through
on the periodic social events which add so much to the attractiveness of Senior
programs. Many Senior units find that a aocial event about once Q month works
out very well. Detailed suggestion, for various types of social events are set
forth in "Adventuring for Senior Scouts," Chapter XVIII.

i~. WHAT DOES THE S£~VICE COMMITTEE DO?

The spiritual and social values of the whole Scout Movement are tied
up closely with the Good Turn idea of being helpful to others.
This Committee should be on the alert to help find chances for suitable
 - :13 -

group .ervles projects, as well as help individual ra to find such chaRc••

suited to thel.l" time and abil i ties. ted projects -'lnd SouXce13 are describ!?d
in "Adventuring fer Benior Scout.,· XXIII,

It illI to be remembere,! that S{.!ou.ts will want to promote service

pI" acts suited to their maturity ond ability. 'I'hey will not b. iculorly
lrlterested in repeating Boy Scout Troof.l·~ood turn" where con express
the more adult side Dr a.8ist in the leadership of 8uch projects.

It is also best to recognize the different nature of sarvice evant ••

Som~ periods raquiring $I$Tvice of (l few men Gach or
weeK. will demand that the ,;}t\tire membership participate but may be
finished In a short time.
The type of project and number of people required will determine the
number of such events wh i en can be undertaken and eled t'IUccess fully,

i4. HOW DOES THE PRClGRAl"l DETERI'lINED BY THE COMMITTEES GET INTO ACTION?

The Explorer Gui upon election or ct such time as con~ideration of a

naw program plan seems neCeS1H'1iY .. sets asid~ an indoor meeting p€<tiod in which
each Committee me;;:ts .. discusse~~ and plans a progruli, in the field in which it
has major responsibility.

These s may cover whatever od of time has ausly been deter,-

!"lined by the group. It is B1..~1ga~t€'dthat be for th:ree to six months
Tha activities of the Post ora then constantly in tune with the intara.ta of the
members.

At its meetioO J Q
cu!!'~ion8 and n h~ on@ o,t tnto! r number to make a
tel the en tire PosL then ask for the of the Post
the is referred to a committee made up of th~ Post Adviso!',
Gu all(.!. Chairmen of the four Commi HIS'os for scheduling.

If the Post does not approve b'lt suggests 50!!HaHdnq ellHtJ the commi ttee
goes back into session and works out 01\ able program.

i5. j"iHY IS PROGRAM PLANNING DONE THIS ""AY?

To J •• ura inter •• t of all men in the Po~t and to

in democruUc: prooedure!';!" Ulf,1 is dane thi f\ way.

Since ev .. :ry Crew is ted in eael1 CamIlli t and everyone in U,e

POtlt i~ a mamba:r of at lea~t one Commit the voice of every reI' may be
platmed.

Learning to work wi th commi ttee5 and sl?,cl.U'ing thoi:r ot tenHon ond ap-
Qction an. Vl?I"y eSIHmtial tactoT:r; in l'lOaeTn democratic government.
Tna Explorer qetl1l actual trah!§ng in such procedures and thus prepares him$el f
for participating cith.enehip irl 0. Democracy H1I'OUgf> "Learning Doing."

NOTE: The "Senior Scouting Notebook" is full of sU~lgestions for ell com-
mi Hess Qnd all types <:of prog:rw'llll.\. SeE 1!5peClolly the U 8 t of the
activitl •• and acts.
 CHAPTER IV
EXPLORER SCOUT LEADERS

i. ~O ARt THE EXPLORER LEADERS?

There are two types of leaders-- the commissioned leaders and the
elected or appointed officers.

Commissioned Leaders
Post Advisor
A~sistant Post Advisor
, • ',I',. Post Committeemen
~.

Electitd or Appoint . . OUiceTtl

, t t-' t'
Explorer Gvlde
Assistant Explorer Guide
Crew leaders
Assistant Crew leaders
Secretary
Chairmen of the Program Committee.

2. ARE THERE SPECIAL QUALIFICATIONS NEED BY THE COMMISSIONED LEADERS!

Primarily they should be Interested in young men and willing to take

time to work with them on the Explorer Scout projects. They should also be the
sort of men who are willing to advise and help~ but allow the young men themselves
to plan for and operate the uni t. The members of the Post Committe. will net have
Such an active part in the Post's program as the Poor Advisor J but they .hould be
ready When called upon.
/,' !'

~. WHAT !,~ETH-t WnES OF, THE POST ~V~~R1

He (or his Assistant) has to be present at every meeting so he may

confer with the Explorer Guide or other officers~ when nece •• ary. He .ho~.d offer
BuggestienB and ouidance when and it needed. The Post Advisor must remember r~Qt
~ .. ." too ~eh help end direction on his part will tend to dis~oura.e the officers wh~.
duty it h to operote the Post. On th. other ~and~ to rehab. toolono froa
offering help moy mean dull~ uninteresting meeting. and poor planning. The
Advisor must depend on his own good judgment in this matter. W• • h.u~d keepchea4
-, of the a(:tion of the Poat" py reading and uoUeetln.,_o.t.rial wMch wHl aU_late
the acti~ity o.nd the programs.
... Another important job of the Post Advisor and his Assietant is that of
1I:••P11\O 0.11 action wi thin the bounds of good taste o.nd in keeping wi th the Scout
Ide.1. ond Council policies both local ond national. There DlOY be times when the
enthusiasm of the Explorer Scouts for a certo.in project Dlay lead them to forget
80me of the fundamental principles of the Scout program or Oath ond L~. .'the Poat
Advhsor must then exert hh influence to steer the group backtnt.o tile proper
ah. . .la.

The Post Advisor's greatest opportunities and responsibilities are in

training t~e elected officers of the Post right from the beginning of their term
of off.ice. MUCh of this trainingpo\lld be on on intol'1Jlal" friendly conference
boat_. at fir8t~ meeting with eo.eh officer iftdi~idually oad dlscu.eing with him
... H -
 - i5 -

his duties and his opportunities for leadership. The Advisor should show thqt
serving as an officer of the Post is e reel opportunity for personel develop~~t.
For exemple; The Post Advisor end his Assistent mey spend several hours
with the Explorer Guide end Assistent Guide. studying end reviewing perliem,'Ptb.-
ry procedure. If possible. errange for these young men to visi t Service clut$:'
and other orgenizetions ",here en elected officer presides. They should point
out the responsibili Ues of the young men es presiding' officer of the Post. "how-
ing every courtesy to visiting guests", whether they be prospective members", .<8-
lected speekers. or other visitors. ~

The Explorer Guide should be given help in methods of stimulating com-

mittee function", and guidence in tect in his relationship with members of his
Post end ~ith officers of other youth orgenizations.

4. 'YIH~ ARE THE CHIEF DUTIES OF THE POST COJW!MITTEE?

It is primarily responsible for the things which naturally fell to the
duties of cTroop.l 'ShiP. or Squadron Committee. The most important .t th.se
listed in Chepter II. ere;
,
(a) Provide adul t leadership for the Post. Of course", this doee not mean a
men is selected wi thout regard to the "lishes of the Explorer Scouts themselves.
since they can often help in this job. But", as a finel reeort", the respons-
ibility reste with the Post Committee.
eb) Provide a meeting place. Explorers do not have to hold reguler indoor
meetln~8 eech week. but there will be many inside affairsi and a place which
will always be available when needed is quite necessary_
In addition", there ere meny weys in which mem~ere of the committee may be
helpful to the Post. Advice in matters deeling with handling money", holding
P: sociel affeirs. and erranging for expeditions ere su~gestive_
.":, .:- " ,- . ~. :'
5. WHAT ARE THE CHIEF DUTIES or THE EXPLORER GUIDE?
He is the young man leader of the entire Poet. Ke has oenerol eboroe of
all types of, activities and meetings. Hie is the responsibility of making sure
,}',; .,,' thet all the undertakings of the outfit are a success. When committees are
charged with errangements for outdoor", service. or sociel projects. he checks
" - ': ::' with the chairman to make sure all is in readiness. He should remember he has
~ , : .~ been elected to his job because the members~ the Post prefer to follow his
leadership_ He should strive at all times to merit their confidence.
.
;... ~. .,
;,
,
~

The Choice of Explorer Guide is important to the success of the Post. He

': t.: :" must be one whom the reet of the group respect end obey", while. et the same time",
~ • •J , i '.
he must be prepered to ellow them to express th.mselves freely. He should be
!':- '.' , I;'
vlgorous~ intelligent~ courteous. and tactful. If the Explorer Guide is timid.
hesitant" or weak" or if he is domineering end "bossy"" the Post will be defin-
itely handicapped.
He acts as moderator or chairmen of the indoor meetings" calling them to
order and intrOducing the various items of business. He also conducts the open-
: f {
ing and closing ceremonies" if any ere used", unless they heve been delegeted to
others.
Regular 'parliamentary procedure should be used throughout the conduct
 of the meeting -- membare wishing to speak, firs! addre •• ing the chair. etc.
Chapter IX of Adventuring for Senior Scout~ should serve a~ Q guide.
~, ; .
The Guide should l,;mde:rs'tand that it is hIe responsibHi ty to ~ee that the
visitors are properly introduced to. the Post; usual by one of the Explorers.
'Hds introduction should in<.:luda inter'<H\Ung information about theper£lQn. If
' .. - -. ' .. the Explorl":'r is introducing a friend", he should tell t)f some outstanding :recog-
niti(HI received in hie school or in his ccmlllurd J b1y tell something of
his hobbles .. etc. As (i; :rule~ lSO!'!Hl! member of the program committeein
of lhe meeting will in troduc>} outetandlng 5peckers or guests related to the
prograJn p

,
,: .-
In case of era, the Explorer mating the introduction should tall the
foll
Why this
0) this before the
( this before ttU3 n..~.
( 4) this before the no",! this

r;. DOES THE f',SSISTANT EXPLORf:R GUIDE H,AVE ,o.J!Y DEFINITE PE8PONSIBI1ITIES?

Although hiB first responsibility is to act for the Guide when he

is the As~lBtQnt can render a real ~TvlCi1l 08 chai rmen of Q mernbershi p and
ab5ent~
reception committee appointed the Guide or himself. end whose specific duty
is to devise and maintain a recruiting The As 5tcmt Guide and rr,ambar~ of
his committee should be on hand tel welcome Q11 .lH?"i jYiernbers and see the:. t they QX'a
instructed and a •• isted in meeting the tics irementa.

The Assistant Guide may nepd some help in dii've ing J througn the Member ..
Committee, a recrniting fOT ths Post. He rnigh t be cdvi sed in methods
ef liJubIni tting invi tQtione< to prospective memperl:l in a way HHlt will them
wi ttl the valUE, 0 f belon g to such a un! t, Thlif As "i s to., t :r Guide should
ehore in all tho t'cmferenct'ls with th"" ore. Guide 50 that he will bg
to tC.ke ctH:ll'ge of any meeti:!'Ig or situotion in which the orer Guide
does !'lot prssidifil. At times .. he should be ven full responsibility for certain
activity to n experience.
']. WHAT ABeAn' THE KEEPING OF THE 1,081

The Post SBcretary hoe one of the finsst opportunities of any member of the
unit in building Poat tradition and in mQ~ng Q aDod raslion an othE!' in the
cOl'1'l!1'lI.mit.y and on pro?,pe tivE' members. The letters (1,nd invitctione writt",n him
wHl in l111lT',Y in~ tIle first contcct with the zutiOfl that others
will have. He has the opportu.nity of ma.li a good 1l'l1p::ression or a b(ld one. He
mUlt constantly De aware that he is far more than just a secratary. In
the Post he hastne oppo:rtuni ty of stimulating the in tera$t of every man in
the Poet in u parm(ment way.

Just as a sh or un l.1i has Q of 011 thllt happens by day J

in the same wfly ~ the Ex r Post should have a Pictures should be taken
of Qcti vi ties. whether they bl'.> an Hon in to the wilde:rnes5~ a pUTty with
the 1'1 frien(;lsJ or sorne outstanding project prepared one of the Crews. Then
!In interest account should be \.J:rHten aboll'!: the Qctivity, The Post Secrett.u''¥
may the responsibility or writing the stcry of each event to other
 "..
"
~
,1'
..
- 17 -

memb$rs of tn. Post~ especiolly to those interested in Journalism~ so that the

story will be written in an interesting way. The Log should be a factual story
with illustrations.
The Secre tory may have one or more members of the ,Pas t" whose hobby is
,,1"
photography", appointed official Post Photographer. The Post Secretary's respons-
ibilities offer a young man an opportunity of leaving behind a valuable document
which five or ten years hence might be of greater interest than the day it WaS
written. Chapter VII of "Adventuring for Senior Scouts" gives a good descript-
ion of a log and how to keep it.
\

8. DOES THE POST SECRETARY ALSO KEEP THE FUNDS?

~"

H~ may be respoasible for that job as well Oil keeping the Post history
and records", but", as is usually done in other Scout units", it may be better if
one of the Post Committeemen accepts the function of a treasurer and leaves the
Secretary to devote his time to keeping records and an attractive log book.
9. ARE THERE sprCIAL JOBS rop THE CREW LEADERS?
The Crew Leaderls first responsibility is to build Crew morale and esprit
r ,',\,
, :. ',.-
,>

de corps. He is responsible for the program and conduct of his Crew. He is a

liaison officer between the Crew and the officers of the Post. In all instances",
he represents the Crew. He should be alert to represent every member of his
Crew in seeing that the unit", in 80 for as practical" meets their needs and their
desires. He should make certain that each member of his Crew is invited to ren-
" '!
der some service", in his spare time .. to his church J school J Scout Troop", or Cub
Pack. He ia responsible for aeeing that the Crew has a representative present at
each Program Planning Committee meeting. He serves as discussion leader in study
groups and planning conferences of th~ Crew. He should seek the guidance and
advi.ce of t~e Post Advisor in developing lcm;J-term projects ond be alert to see
that the projects are carried out in a way that will sustain the interest of the
" ; .::,
crew lII"er ••
To a great extent J the Crew is an a~inistrQtive unit. On expeditions or
t:" trips and in carrying out other projects J it will be found much more desirable
. i .. ~ • to work in small groups than as one large unit. Traveling~ cooking J and camping
are examples of activity in which the Crew organization is useful.
OOES THE ASSISTANT CREW LEADEF HAVE RESPONSIF>ILITY BEYOND SUBSTITUTING
FOR THE CREW LEADER IN HIS ABSENCE!

. The Assistant Crew Leader will work with the Crew Leader on planning. He
will take charge of the Crew when the Crew Leader is not present. He may well
serve on the Membership Committee of the Post J seeing that his Crew is given
every consideration whea new members ore brought in. He may also be assigned
very specific jobs in addition", such as keeping a record of Crew ~ction" equip-
mentJetc.

HOW ABOUT THE PROGRAM CClMMITTEE OiAIRMEN?

A Program Planning Committee Chairman has one of the most responsible
POSitions in the Post. He should" therefore J seek the guidance of the Post
Advisor before holding a committee meeting. Most of the Program Planning
 - i8 -

Committee meeting8 will be informal in nature but rather exacting in proced-

ure. It is the Chairman's responsibility to check on the attendance at the
committee meetinos~ to make certain that each Crew ia represented J and that a
fair cross section of the different intere.ts in the Post is repre.ented. In
planning its phase of the Explorer Poet's Progrom J each committee should keep
in mind;
(l) The abilities of the Poat. Consideration must be given to the age of
the unit and how well the ,men are prepared to carry out the program.
(2) Th. needs
. '
of the members of the Post.· Consideration must be given
those~hat have part-time jobs J heavy schecules in school~ and home re8pon.~
ibilities J giving them a reasonable opportunity to participate in the full
program.
(3) Th_~~~nt of time and preparation required for the program planned.
Will this program require so much time that the other committee's programs
will not be given fair consideration?
(4) How much will it cost? Consideration should be given to the total
cost of each activity and the method required for financing the activity.
This information should be included in the committee's report to the Post.
(5) Transportation and permit~. Where activities call for travel~ the
commi ttee is responsible for making speci fie recommendations for the method
and c6st of traveling. Where permits are required for visits to industtiea J
historic sites 4 or other scenes of actlvity~ some member of the committee
should be given the responsibility of requesting and actually obtaining the
permit •
The Program Chairmen are in charge of the meetings or activities which
have to do with their pha8e of the program.
For example: If the meeting i8 one planned by the Indoor Committee~ after
the opening JOlnd general preliminarie8 are ta.ken care of J the Explorer Guide
may introduce the Indoor Program Chairman Who will proceed to direct the main
port of the m.eting.
In addition J the Chairmen of the Program Committee8~ together with the
Explorer Guide and the Fost Advi80r~ arrange the program features into a
scbedule or cQlendar. In this way~ the plans of eVery committee are coret-lly
CKljuated to the program of the Pos t.
The chairman of each committee is responsible fot seeing that his com-
mittee's ideas are properly interpreted by the other8 in making up the
schedule.

Th.e above suggestions may appear to involve a lot of time on the part of
the off ieers. However J each officer miOht well ask hims.l f if he could spend
this time to greater advantage in his per$onal growth, He will realize that
the suggestions also inVOlve a lot of detail that will shortly become routine
and in no way seem a burden.
 APTER V

EXP INGS

1. IS 'mERE A GENE~AL PLAN FOR MEETINGS1

A an upon the of meet ing. There ere f our--()u tdoor"

IndoQT J Social. and Service m.8tinq$. Of couree. the •• are not alway. distinct
I'lince Q $oc1c1 or Bervi at:! meeting rnay be either outdoor;! or indoo:ra. Pe:rheps
t"chn ieal or Honery meetings bet tel' a8serl be the indoor and ou tdool' type~
of activity.

gene:ral~ Indoor

ing •••• * •• ~ ••• with or without (;EI1.·",mcm.y

Intn)ducti<::me ..... gu.elOt~. new officers., etc:,
Bu.fn8 •••••••• ~ ••• both unfinished and new; elsa
In~tructfon ••••••• in main theme of meeting
A~tivity •••• , ••••• Pructice skills and techniques
Closing ••••••••••• inGluding somG i 1'0. t ion

A1.1 such meetings should be condu{:ted icmentary procedure so

that the Explorers learn how to corry an such maet ,,'eaily end. f end !'So
that decorum end ordel" are mcintcined. Even tht:m, then' wU.l undoubtedly be
some very lively s9;ssions tax the ebUity ot the Guida in k ng order.

It is well to keep in mind the following idees in ing end hold

(2) Learn something new or

Close ith some ina ration to carry away.

2~ SHOULD THERE BE I~ MEETING AT THE PCj3T RClQf 1 E\lERY VJEEK?v

Not necN<seril. It ",no1l1d s~rve Cf'. c bO~f:1i from ~Jhi.ch the member:'!
stcrt on many of the Poetla activities. It is expecte~ that c meeting be held
~ach but it may be outdooT j 1 ~ociel. or service.

Care should be tCKen tD vary tha types of meet or the Poet may
1 "maintain a balanced p.'ogram. This has been truIC' itinere regular 'PHile
nOOOl" rr;681:i ngs were held aince such procedure lei ell Oli tcioor end many social
and service meatings to be hald on extra t few orBT Seoute hays time
to dQ three- l'I 'Of the prog-rem out15ide me~ting5.

3. HOW SHOULD JvlEETINGS BE DIVIDED 'TO INSURE SOCIAL J AND

IN DOOR .... CTIVITIES '1'0 BE Pf.OPERLY BALANCED?

The balonce will depend upon ecen Post to e greet extent. Some g:rQl.lpS
will be intere.ted in spending more tima on ane pha.e of eet vitr then athera.
The following 't!3nercl pr shcmld be hel 'At least 01\e outdoor ac-
tivlty and one Bocial affair per month; one or twa a1 sarvice praject. in
c three-montil period; and the rest (pl"obably 4 or 5) indoor me.Unq$ devoted to

.;. HOW MUCH SHOULD 111 E POST DEP EN D ON OUTS I DE SUCH AS TECHNICIANS AND
SI'EAKERSf

'Ilda will Qn their interests. If they are i:nve5'U In\1

ion~ end hobbies J the men may wi$h to invite many to me.t with
them end tell about thsir 8p8cicltia~. If thsy orB mora lnterestad in meking
equipment,.. etc.~ they may devote IDllCh of the indoor time to ~Io:rk on projectl'l.
The Cornmittee C'haiI"men should feel free to call on anyone in the com-
muni to help who ha$ en in teresting tmd \.HH,ful 5pecic.l ty of CIty <'crt <

Care 8hould be taken to prevent o.ny one. Ask

fOT more demon!:','i::ratione end exh.ibits.

Meny of the members of the Post will have intersBting materiel to offar J
end they \t,.tH.mid be encou:rc.ged to do so. Borne of the best meetings 'lt/ill be of
thiril type.

:S. ARE WE PROGRAM COF1MITTEES RESPClNSIBL£ FOR TH!: OPERATION or THE MEETINGS?
They <lre to heve cherg<.;) of till? mee tl'uay heve suggested and
T'ne Chci rmc.n of Ute Indoor P:rogX'c.m Comrd thH?; for instanced will I!BEl'
to it that all details hev to do with en indoor meeting are taken care af
before han(L

If there is to be c thf: Cammitt'He makes the a:r:n,mgementf! tOT

him end !'\eef\ that h;e 15 on hanlO!.
1tJhen the time for him to cr:rivess J the
Guide will turn the meeting aver to the ehd :rl'1ic.n of the Corn-
mittee who int:roduc.~ the speaker.

I f the meeting is to consist of work en pment~ $uch c.!;!. PQCUt or

ten ts~ the Cemmi Hee is respondble for ell ttH? preparot i01\'5 being !nede and
the materiel on hand.

111:!ual1y~ the Post C'::ulde open:? end closes Hili) meeting end conducts the
buzinefls se"eion~ but turns the meet over to the Commi ttee Chci:r-
man for the ectivi end instruction periodE'.

ce:n"monies deal ~i th opening (,nd closing the meet

u~ed to initiate new members.

CaTamonie. in making award. or recognitions aleo 1n-

spi.rationcloppo:rtunitiei'\.

If def!ired J c.nAdviso:ri!:l minute mc.y be provided similar to the Skip-

pexls m in Sea S(.:outing J during which c e, short talk J or $mnething
of thek1nd mey be need'to drive home s which n~",d amphc.si!l.
 - 2i -

7. HOW ABOUT OPERATION OF OTHER MEETINGS .. SUCH AS SOCIAL OR OUTDOOR AFFAIRS?

'These should be under the direction of the committee which plcnned

them .. but the committee will need the help and support of all members of the
Post.' The Explorer Guide .. however .. is elweys the officer in cherge end should
check with the committee to me .. sure all preperationshave been made.

A social effeir may be very elaborate and call on the resources ev~il­
able to every member .. elthough most of them will be of a more informal and eesily
handled type.

E.peditions will naturelly fell within the Bcope of the Outdoor Com-
mi tt:e~ bu't here .. too .. all m.embers of the Post will need to assist. Everyone
beeOme~ virtually a member of the committee on such occasions.

Excellent meterial on plenning both Social effeirs and Expeditions may

be found in "'Adventuring for Senior 'Scouts."

· ;

!,' .
 PH I CAt F f

1. IS PHYSICAL rrrtn:ss Of IN1EP£ST'rO EXPLORERS?

Before deB ~}c.~l !!..tne_~t! end 0. progrcm to octLl~lve itJ let'fl 't
looJ[ tor c momen t at thet 9TOUp of ym.tng men fi fteen or morG 'leers ot aqe to \-lhom
you will give lecd9rship.

will doubtless be typical fo!r,ericcn young ll'en A perhepa c little abov",

average in mentcl (although you n:c't· often .;loubt i t ) and physical ettrU:)\ltes~
"lith nernel3 herd to pronounclfl end h\ecs C.5 di f fi cul t to unden; tend. Becc.us~ () f
T adolescent state end perhcp3 beceuee of the env!rolHfil,mt inwhieh they heY€; h€;(m
b:rouqh t uPJ SOHl£> of th~l1 will be cyniccl" somewhet emoH on 0.1 end incllned
to inaia! on proof that what are told ia true. Others will be slight
l"etice.H·.,t. Cind lOeemingly Well <!ontT{)l.led. Some "Jill be quic:k to a "phony"c.nd
to hilt,' 0:; work him over in their own approved manner

Al together they \<!111 be a 8\%,;11 bunch of eager .. good-natu:r'Oid fellows wi th

a vaat store of aleal energy and no and of potential abilltYJ a little
difficult at Hm~t3 - but so were you c.t Uuilir age. If you heve \<11':a1: it ta~k~a to
kei'.'p a Jump or h!D cheed of them cnd the courege to urge them all to t)xcel you cr~d
the best experts that you can bring in to aid you J then you will meke for yeureelf
c greet ence "Jhich will lest you Q 11 fetime cnd $!'l!'Vl!! them just as long.

2. IS fITNESS VITALLY H'!PORTAN'I' NOW?

one of the young men in the r Poat ia movIng clD.et day by

coy to ences "Ihich 'Y;Hl dsmand the finet\t mentel end lSiccl concUtion,
Civil life with ite increcelng lcations. militcry life if ware persist. the
one year training for all young men-- all these will require as never befoTe th~t
a mcn be able to meet the demands leJhich 1;Jill be mcce upon him or face fcHura.
(;Cod training in selected ectivities" cn03en hecause of their direct reletion to
the !ilileC8 of ths iu ture J ",;1 11 mcke eesi~r the period of t Tens! Hen cnc!~
mare important. will 98 him c fine start toward BucceS5.

3.. Wic!A'J:' IS PHYSICAL fITNESS?

eical'" fitnes!!! is c tete of incividuel T€ediniE!si!\"'* to ml<'et (::.~y dif-

ficult or chcllen ng life e;ituation--slckneEds J covers! flucden emergency. or
need to fiOht for life iemily .. or country .. or
j £ri aport competition-~
In t~a moat affective mcnner possible"' •••
It Is nat arrived at lnatant or intcinsd without effort. It grO\>iS
progressi .... elyi tll training end deprec etes if not maintained througp, practice.

It seems thet thera cre three perts to a ete

to the r~r Scouta in your Post)

Cia Health Prot.ction

Know about f th a trusted medical doctor.

teeth filled or
done.

means mind and

by
 - 23 -

Learn aboll t and pretet ice the es!!!entiClls of p~u"~onQl hltlQl th protect 1on---
the port that proper food J ad~q14ate sleep-s lJl"ld <:lea.aliness play in keeping you
well - why controlling flies. effectively diepDsing of human waite Gnd
pur! fyinq woter J posteuri zin<J milk.! elimhiQUng rodent 1'1.1 m013qui ticks .. li{:e ..
stc. are nec.aeary. Learn how th ••• tbings are dana.

(2)Self Preservation Skill~

Physical in"iuries con be greatly ·red1.1Ced ng certain sdlls.

i'l.gility - The ability to move cUy when danger thr.atfln~ will aid 11<
g bEling strut:k by moving and f~ objects and by fltt.Qck by persons.
Jumping.. ting~ ducldng and Q!J11lS$ such 0\'1 boxing J !ll.lllbling.. bosket-
ball J foot bill dodge 1. and tag gam8a are all tar acquiring agility.
· t· Atilit climb rapidly and far 1$ ons of the moet valuable actlv• • tills -
"I of 1flhich more later.

Bolan ce - Tn.e con t rol learned fram ice. Wal~!ng a rope laid
On the floor, a low 4(lil.., tight and sLock ropes; hand wrestling and dmilar
centests of skill will aid to prevent falla and in riel caused by baing thrown
off balance.

Tumbling ~ ei ther U:. gymnc.si urn or the backyu'rd variety J gi Vi! the inal vid-
ual an instinctive knowledge of how to protect himself against injury when he
falls. (Fall. are Dna of the great.at causes of accidental death and injurias
that parmanantly disable.)
Swimming - ie essential to eel tion for ell who usa wo for
pleat\ur£;J b\Jsine1!l!:l~ or 1r;Qrfare. It is also an unusually goad conditioning .xer~
cisa.
Perlonal first Aid - the ability of pen~on to care for hlmsal f when help
is not at jHmd i f\ o.n rtQn t but l i tt 1e ic~d ~rDtective skill.
Surv{ val - wh';;lrE! h~ f
',,"-,§tll,O'i<il1 ed.i!)le J ng equipment &

fundQ!'!HiH'1;tal Scouting 1:WC a g1'9(11: sel f-prolServcUon at\$et,

Recreational Skills

HAPPINESS h. c~rtai an >!!$1M'1ntial physical fitness. HecreaUon--" f:r4\l~t,-

ment of fits ofter tot "escape from dull care-- ia a "mu*t" in tn-e pro~:n<U1
of everyon~ ... you.nq or old. if they nT'" to ",elL The time to learn to
and 1::0 cit u} life 10llg hobbies .ts in youth. Fishing and swimDl:ht9..
archery. hiking~ zlding. nature S J coolCinq" $ailing~ ~talking.J
emd innumerable others aTe not. only great c{'!ntentment boosters but Q'l';1!l skills in
Which outdoof<:lmen ~hould excel. Ther~ is no better to learn and pro.ctice
them than in orer Scou ti ngGcti vi tigs.

4. HO\.J CJlN SUCH A PPOGRMi BE "PUT AC~OSS" IN AN EXPLORER POST!

No ~lne cO'llld "sell." 5u(;h an 0.1. program of phyelcal Htne~B to

,{oung lJlI?rt with l~cture5.1 ctures J or by vit'lg them the ene.nee to 15ee gn,at
911'",11.
pe damon $ t i:'a t e,~-n$ helpful a!\ those thing5 mQ'{ be.

They will learn best .. and Plil only,; by experience-Tonging f:rro tile
doctor't! exarnin<ltion to imbing Q rope hand over hand o:t c.dtcl1ing a fish wi
line nne hook they hove made wi th thei r own hc.nct'i.
 - 24 -

on hiking and camping trips they should learn to care Jor theit fe,t .. their
camp sanitation .. purification of water supplies .. mosquito ptotection, fiy control ..
etc.

In pradlce periods for competition they can be taught the physical skills
of protection. One of the best medi~s for this is the Obstacle Course where
balance" climbing .. and agility all have a place. Such courses may be set up in
an indoor meeting place .. a field or a forest •
•
"',
Climb~g can be Q remarkable training activity. It combines the development
of big muscle groups with agility" balance .. and fun; It has been surprising to
learn that in gymncsiums equipped with a variety of climbing gear .. such as ropes ..
poles" and cargo nets" the populari ty of such competi ti va games as volley boll and
even basketball .. has been seriously challenged.

5. WHY IS SELF-CONFIDENCE U1PORTANTT

Self-confidence is a great factor in building and maintaining fitness .. and
all activi ties that develop self-reliance odd to such confidence. The abili ty to
swim a mile of more .. the knowledge that one can take care of himself when injured
and alone .. a knowledge of edible plants to be found in the woods" skill with rope ..
compass and maps .. in fire building .. and cooking--all these aevelop confidence
that often helps a man when he is faced with an entirely different problem.

Please remember that PHYSICAL FITNESS of the young men in your group means a
Whole lot more than merely being able to toke exhaustion with a grin and keep on
going. It's a thing o.f the mind as well and it's the ability to meet what must be
lIIet wi th the poise and confidence that comes frorr. having been trained and t:r,ied.

YOU CAN GIVE THEM THAT~

 R Vi I

Direct t~8t from a limi ted n'.wber indicates that ara interested
more in the scienti fie and skill projects of the GdVCnCeDHent pro~H'am than t f1re
in the rant. as such. end tanks tend to be 18s important to the Seniors 4
and the u~afulne8B ond interest value of the project hecome more important.

J experience wi th the :::0'<1 Scout Ed gE' of Honor indicctes that tlH?l:Ie

S!&niOTS greatly prefer thfdr own advanC'3fr,ent ITicchinery as compared .'lith DiEltrict
aIlc Council Boards of F:eview fmd Court of Poner "hich (l.re used 3couts in
\vr,en app!'oved by the Loc:ol Council, the Po:'}! can co:nC.luct its o\<,'l1 final
reviews of candidates ond formal ceremonies of awards.

:;,. WfLc,T IS THE P()ST COUNCIL?

The Poat Council (made ur of the young mFn officers of the P08t~ with
the Post Advisor (me certo.in, of the !~ie:T,t'ers of the Post Comn',ittB€) can make a
very effective Poet AdvnnceIT1t·nt COl1WdttE''''J onG which is inlorrr'EK1, about and In-
tareatpd in each individual Ex orer. It lso is ensi acc0$sible and reduces
ta a inimum the need for travel or f 'Wci !ing on ~i(! part of tho yOUl'1.0 man
to quali iy for adVCU1cemen t 1n T~n¥ ~

It is under the toeal Council Advcr1.C9;.,ent Cornmitt€}e. whose re£l.pons:i,bili

i'1!! to daal wi th t'foirdnG 5tnndnrds of the young Ir,an doing the ",'ork. ,Advcrftcement
thus hanoled calls for a minimum of machinery ou side the POBt. The CO'.lncil
Advancement Committee iR responlible for reviewing the p from time to
i SUIS its satisfactory operation. top renk of
Scout Fenger must be the National Council.

it a150 reV8'f8eB tha t s tn,;Qm il, hel ftq to f inc "Ie :5 for the corTIl1.1ni t y to s~?rVG
th~ individuCll reI' brin ng him into con teet "li th c](ed technici.::ms and
tive situation,,, in the cQmmunity. 11 Eervice Cml'lrnittee in this worg Gn~
COUi'llqes indivl(jl1(ll :reI'S to cdvartce (llld h51p!:\ them to IT'eke contacts wi th com,-
:li>un~ lec.(h,rs in fielas thot interest the yC.H.in9 y;,an. 'I'M.! ion of Pd"lunce-
flho1Jld be alon nntuTal and p€r30nal lines rat er
!lHtnt th~n through pressure
m.thods Dr mass regulations.

For B J can dpTtain ft and Field Craft projt?cts :be wov~n into
at! outdoor affair bei:ng' by the Out,:!ocr Cornrnittee1 Thf) answer i;>. "yes". Of
~Qur\1la to do this. thB commi tt,."", in ftPeda to include in their plen. for
 - 26 -

an outdoor event 80me activities that in.olve 80me of the advancement projects J
using them in games of stalking or compa.8~ or the finding of wild food~ or the
rescuing ofa marooned person J or 80me other interesting event. Many expedi tiona
and outdoor meetings will be planned with a view toward getting the experience
needed to earn badges.
However" in the last analysis" Advancement is a personal matter~ and the
earning of the various badges of ~ank depend upon the interest and desire of-the
individual Explorer Scout.
MucH of an Explorer's work on advancement projects may be done alone or
wi th on,,_ or two other men of the Post.
f

""\
7. WHO INITIALS THt SCORE CARD or AN EXPLORER SCOUT WHEN HE HAS COMPLETED ANY
SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT OR PROJECT?
Any member of the Post Councilor the Crew Leader may sign as having seen
the project or inspected ·the required work. A complete review of all the work
will be given by the Post Council when the Explorer Scout comes up for the
advancement in rank. Handy and attractive Score Carda for all three Explorer
ranks are available from the Supply Service through the Local Council.

8. WHO INTERPRETS THE REQUIREMENTS?

The Post Council J using all the available literature and following the
suggestions given in this pamphlet.

9. HOW IMPORTANT IS THE ADVANCEMENT PLAN IN THE WHOLE EXPLORER SCOUT PROGRAM?
Actually it is of secondary importance. The group activities are of
more interest and value to the average young man.

Howe.er J it does two very useful tnings:

(a) It sets standards by which the individual Explorer may measure his
own progress in the various fields" and provides awards for this
progress.
(b) It provides a wealth of suggestions for activities either for the
Whole Post or for the individual members.

to. WHAT OTHER TYPES OF ADVANCEMENT ARE THERE FOR EXPLORERS?

In addition to the regular Explorer Advancement Plon~ there cre three

La) All Explorers are eligible to work for all Merit Badqes~ since any
Senior Scout may work for any Merit Badge. Explorer Scouts are
encouraged to secure Star~ LifeJand Eagle Awards also J but it
should be remembered that it i8 necessory to qualify as a Fi~st
Class Scout to r.ceive them.
 - 27-

(b) Senior Scout Titles - these titles are ,ecured byqualitication for
certain related Merit Badges and tlome additional work in that special
field. S . . "Senior Scouting Guidebook .. ~ Chapter II or "Adventuring
for Senior Scouts .. Chapter III for canplete details.
It

The list of Senior Scout Ti Ues follows:

~'o
Scout Airman Scout Sportsman Scout Livestockman
Scout ArUst Scout Forester Scout rarm Manager
"'" Scout CraftsmCln Scout ~adianGn Scou~ Conservationist
Scout ArtieGn Scout Journalist Scout Dairyman
Scout Naturalist Scout Citizen Scout Poultryman
Scout Seaman Scout Gardener

(c) Explorer Scouts may qualify for Air Scout and Sea Scout ranKS
in the regular order .. as given in the "Air Scout Manual" and
"Sea Scout Manual~ and listed below:

Air Scout Sea Scout

Apprentice ApPl'en t ice
Observer Ordinary
Crait2lman Able
Ace Quartermaster

HOW DO LONE EXPLORER SOOUTS ADVANCE'

A Lone Explorer must meet the same requirements .. but he is aided

and reviewed by his Lone Scout rriend and Counselor. The Local Council
may have $ome arrangement, for aasi,ting with the reviews and for
formally pretlenting advancement Qwards.
 CHAPTER Vilt

EXPLORER APPRENTI REQU1REMENTS

i. COULD NOT THESE REMENTS HAVE BEEN MADE MORE DH'FIClJI.'n

Y<?s - Bu t thev Wtilr~ kept 9 in thi? delIberate 1i.dfo"t to make thl;l

4]intranCR process a quick and eaay one) and to offer training of various
kind:;,

Young men ytith $l'~ previous SCO\lt training <n'. wel'::Olned as 6. The
t leadersahould reeogrd Ul here c. need for some added con tach wi til th<?se
Y(.HH\g men to h~ thel'll. catch the spirit and vi~wpoint of Scout io.ea15. The d<?tail
of the Tend~T:foot requirements is not eliocted of thi5 new Senior, but it is the
r!lU;po.!1S i bil ity of the Pos t Advi SOI' to see the t hili' i III grounded in the i.deal s 0 f
Scouting, It is possible to include some of rElspech due the Flag il-Ito
th .. ionno.l ceremcmy receivillg hi.m into the Post.

3. W'nAT ABOUT "DRO?PED" SCOUTS?

The Explorer Program os now outlined affords a 1's0.1 opportunity to draw
back in to the Movement J Scouts who hove out and ore l'>till in the communi
Thes>il should not be overlooked .;:;! It tQd.

4,. INTERPRETATION or THE APPHENTICE REQUI REf'lENTS.

To become on Explorer ScoutJ any 'Scout or young man is years of age or

t hi $ rar Scout i co. ion nnd evidlii:nce of i~ol

of the hobbi!;';s, skills, end sports 'Nhich interest
hie campin.9 and other ~xpetience6 in outdoor lite,

form C~i100J the Senior Scout icatitlTl •. i.e us.!d for Doth t1H1 op ...
ication for l1'embeyship und the dcol chec Both sides ore to be
iil out, The purpose of this ist Cif hobbies) interest, Qnd outdoor
e}tpe:risl'lce is to nt the Post . A,,.ivisor and rree;, of the Post ~,o:re ful
wi th the nev,

2} Know th8 Scout Oath and the Scout Law and interpret to his Post Advi$or their
Tactical !'lleortiIlg in his da.i life Qnd in h s life
most rtant thing in irew.en1: 2 is to intarpn?t the t
C'tlth QnQ Law in t~:rms of th~ youn'J mcm's OW11 living with th~ attendant
€llijil. Hov.,€vlilr, all SGnior Scouts o.rlil exps<:ted to 1m.,,,,,, theSco,ut Oath
ttfld LOIf! in their entirety.

Post Ceremonia.l; Uy dGclare hIs C!dheren(~e to the Scout Oath and I.lcfw
tl111ii:gianClI> tv th~ iJnihH;i States of _~Jnerica and to its Flag,

- 28 -
 - '29 -

In the formal ceremony of receiving the Explorer J it ie possible

to weave into it some brief but dignified forms of Flcg usage
and respect as an objective part of his reception and preceding
his Pledge of 'Allegiance to the Flag of the United 'States of
·America. In thi.same ceremony J there ccn be iIlcl"ded. the "Senior
Scout Citi~en.hip Dedication,," as given in chapter XXIX of
~Adventuring for 'SeniorScouts~u and also an emphasis on world
friendship and good will which has been a consistent part of the
Scout i4ea around the world.
5. SKtLETON\HINTS FOR CEREMONY (Let them build their own. It will mean more.)
~. interesting ceremony can be built around three tables--on the first
one a c~pqssJ on the middle one three emall candles J on the third one two pieces
of rope-- and on the wall J a dozen small flags should be placed correctly and in-
cotTectly. As part of the initiation J the incoming ExplQrer candidate may be
taken to these flags and asked to arrange them correctly and give the proper
salute to precede his own pledge of allegiance thereto. The candidate may then
be brought to the compass with a word about keeping his course straight in life;
then to the rope table to tie the square knot of friendship and adherence to bind
. him to the group; then to the candle table to light the three ccndles--one for
each point of the Scout Oath.
F;.nally" the group forna a large circle wi th the Advi sor and candidate
euhide and the Guide wi thinJ then open the circle to admi t the 'Advisor and the
candidate who is presented to the Guide" welcomed and accepted by him J and then
formally included in the circle as is the Advisor. See chapter XII for other
suggestions for ceremonies.

6. IS ANY BOY SCOUT RANK RECUrRED OF AN EXPLORER SCOUT?

NQ J Senior Scouting of which Explorer Scouting is a partJ 18 a recognition
n_ "foet that the young meJl is repidly becoming en adult cnd not <mf' Gettet.
Scout rcnk hoe been cttained. It ie true that aft Explorer will find many of the
Boy Scout skills very useful. If he hce not hcd the opportunity to learn them
before" he is now encouraged to master all those he needs ashe participates in
the Explorer Post activities. He should find them easy cs he is now older and
'tronger than mostScoute are 'tlhen they first learn them.
''I'he Explorer Scout may work for the Boy Scout Badges of Second and Firat
Class and 'Star J Ltfe J and Eo.g1e if he desi res" in addi tion to the Explot'er Scout
ranks" but this is in no way r~quired.
 APTER IX

WOODSMAN REQUIREMENTS MEAN?

FOR 'WOODSMAN PAt-H( - U'ieet at least

I~Vlr unOfJ:lr thot :r.:mk; tnen select
;:.::..:.--,--- ------
tions UIHlel' thet rank for a total 0 01.lt c,f the requirement~,
20 listed for eoch rank. This em 0.110\-.13 the 8(;0\11: to $pecialize on
that part ot the proqram he likes be5t~ whiltl", at the same t a
all-aro1.lnd of the whole Explorer field.

E. PHYSICAL HTN£SS
Phys~cal Skills. A. of his own an tor sicol fi develop
and demonstrate at proficiency in SOlf,. outdoor skill or sport-·-
j\l!1,.\ch as s~liIllmi;I\:J' .. t'lid ing~ fi sh wres t 1 i!HJ.. boxin.a~ bOfl ... bcll
ar an equivalent as Post C(Junci L

i. uHls own pLan for Heal tness"

In c renee fAnththe Post AdlnS(lr, each lorer should !<lork out
his own Plan sical ItnlsS, taking In 0 account the finding.
r admission tD Senior Scoutine.
ct and with some phYSical

2. "Some outd.oor $kill or ort II

This may be any outdoor' skill or sPort. Mcmbe iP on a school or
similar team should meet this. also If he holds rit
in. one these fiel.ds.
or skiing'. or archery, or nf!, or
there is a question, th.e final tscussion would be
st -d. t$ may {;,lSi) determine ilihetiAeY('lr ~{lt
some start or skall other than those listed would be ace tabl,.
( 2) f'lP'!!1 Sblls. Establish, as a basis for Personal rove-
m~nt II 1. s scores on the eP~ st and on any two , push-
up or vert ical.
The de tail s the se t cr."", 1>11. b l~sh ed in our tlPre_
r-gency 1'"victe iral,'iling
Ich may be secured th
ce or on "t-det' di're t to tile l y Service.
t! "
.t<lnerlCa, tie, YOf-k 16, N. Y. Also see
out Field Baok, B
I
--
f

l t, en (I hike ciemon:'l.t:r!lte how to impTG'vlt;\e a:nd Uge

trail equipcflen !H,#O from trousers" so.ck or the like--
kit made cans--sheltar of aoot~ poncho or native mataria18--
ng bag from blankets or and eme:Qlerlcy cover of ::'€levee or 3tAOW.

Q v-tan t Parto,f is reQtlirement is to f'O'VUe.:t back flack

as sutfested and mQk~ comfDrtable harness r carrying it so a,
 to lea:ve the arms free. Such a Pt.!cil can b.e !'I!(ult!: from a bl.mket also.
This can be pract~cal or demo1!stt'ated ,zt any meeting and then utdized
0'1"1 an lIeme l"'gtl1C} hik<e '" where food and equ t would b~ b1'ought to
the rendezvous in th.ir hands and Packs rovised r1eht there. For
cook kits cans. see hr:::pter X n "Adventuring for Svtior
outs. 11 Ideas nH} Sin-it shel tty Ii/::J.y found in the same cha:P···
ter, and in r 'iI. In these same books are tcnes
of ,l.ePine which may suggest using coat or pancho a. well as the
blankets, ldin,,! one side over, then the other. and ttitle protect-,
ion built 'MP of t Ilnd l layers Oll;?r the sie 7'he NSC(jut
F~eld ff. has m;;?!)' helf;>/ul sutf!€stiOllS also on and F~eld-
c
re & Food. (;;:,) Fin(.l ii. thlt} f ili}ld 5Ui. tcblil 10co.1 tinder end wood Clnd J
wi th01.lt r,'.Gtcnes.; proouce and use he-f', f'); boiling CltO hroi ing. Co) Fine and
prepare for mecl~ cooked or ~aw4 three wild ediple plants or frulte.
( a) woods burn quickly and§!ive a qUHk boilinl" ref' some burn
leav~nt a ne bed tl coals suitable for ~ lin; • P ra ct
IS to find these in your area and d.monstrate thear use. The emerffency
re- tct;on or by flint- and -steel •• re dued bed in e
Dok for Roys 11, ChaPter XII. Also see Pow--Wow in the "Scout
Field llook. "
{ se wild edible plants or fruits may be roots. leaves sui.tabltt for
greens, as well as berries or its. ey May be eaten raw; t/ onl
at l east is cooked there is a k 1ide r exPenence involved. Thest fJary
with d f'I;nt st<lsons ani at rent loc:;.lities. e Pow-l'iow 28 in
the out Fuid Rook. II
ineering. On c hiKe derr:onl"trcie t of temporn:r',
camp site ~hel food ccche~ end mec~ur€r tor ~ooKing4 water y
an.d !."cni tction

The a:ndaf"ds r i n g . II available th the l cit

Ice, will be valuable here. course the e ways doinr thin,s
are scattere through alW ent,i,re literature The Camt'inf HerH
PamPhlet b the majority these items toeether under one cover
and should prove hel l to supplement the exPerienCE the leaders
and the Explon:rs
( ather. On'" or more r,ikes, nt out the Q$ual local ~igne indicating
had or ;;::hc;n g weather o.'1d aernor;.str(;ta bc,d ;-Ieather Hremclring end COOKing viith
only iecd ~helter; also point out the four types of cloud~.

"The local rsigns" "chanffing weather!! will vary som€1<!nat irz d r-

ent parts the country. The job here is to iCH'n(U' SUCt~ lore from
folks who know, or til ink know, these signs. ",'eat r jire-
making· and C()okinfll rrutans in the nun or in 511 arid rovised
shdter" means txactly that. It mi t be a nat1.£ral Protechon 0/
overh ng rock or trc€@ Firemafdnf! in this requirement rmlts the
use of matche$. For 'Point out the four tyPes of ctouds-- fa)
20,000 et plus.: fbJ ct to 20,000 et; fcJ~.
to 6, t_' (d) Wi l 1,600 to o'ver 20,000
feet. Good descr the f' t
Nanual. If chatJter' XF; r and in
li/lltatJter l!erit
 - 31 -

III. fIELD CRAFT

(7) Stalking and Concealment. (a) Creep and crawl wHhout being seen to within
25 feet of a person. (b) From a distance of 25 yards J approach a biind-folded
listener to within 12 feet without being heard. ee) At command J "freeze" and
remain rigidly motionless for i minute.
(a) For this project, a place must be chosen with sufficient natural cover
to enable the approach to be made.
(b) Here a relatively open area Can be used.
(c) "Freezing" can be done' on any terrain.
IS) Orie..ntation. On a hi ke J follow com.pass bearings (m.agnetic a~imuth) for one
mile or more with reasonable accuracYJ and with at least four changes of direction
and s~m.it sketch map of route.
This requirement is similar to the new 'Second Clau ComPass re ..
quirement which is ex'Plained in the "Handbook for Boys," It is
the simple task of following a direction established by a compass
reading sighting on a distant object and following that bearing_
Air Navigation faces the Same Problem, excePt there the craft is
wind blown from its course and a compensating heading has to be
followed. On land, the 'Problem is simple reading and following
the bearing. The sketch maP should give enough items to enable
someone to follow the same trail.
(9) Communications. On a hike or in campJ send and receive messages of at least
20 words (minimum of 100 letters) by Internqtional Morse Code) using any improvised
source of sound; OR make a radio receiving set) ony type; OF 109 at least 30 short
wove stations and list Federal Communications Commission rules for licensing of
station.
The sending and receiving of not fewer than 20 words is not a speed
event although sPeed should be encouraeed.The point to this require-
ment is the use of a.ny imtn:o,vised squr,e of .sQund /.In which dots Md ,
dashes can be so made as to be di shnguishable. One sound might be a
dot and a different and tess sharP sound could be a dash. The EzPlore~
will tr-y several kinds of sound transmission effects, and the £ocClle
shoul d be out-of-doors wi tit the receiver out of view and at least 100
feet away. OR, the radio receiving set--any tyPe may be made to meet
this requirement. OR, with any short wave receivine set log 90' short
wave stations with call letters, time, and subject matter. Also, pre ....
sent list of requirements to be met for the licensint of an amateur re-
ceiving station to use the InhrnGtional .orse Code.
: ,. ~
(10) 'Trail First Aid. On a hike or in camp) demonstrate on others and self) how
to improvise) on the trail) sterile dressings for stings) burns) and other wounds;
tplints; non-equipment snake-bite treatment; emergency trail handling of shock)
aeGt exhaustion) sunstroke) freezing) and poisoning.
The usual firs't aid handline of these items are, of course, included
in the "Handbook for Boys· Second Class and First Class Fir-.st lid--
also in the "First Aid Merit Badge PamPhlet." The point in this re-
qu .. remenf is tiJhat to do in emerg-enciu where no first aid kit is avail-
able. Of course, there should be no instances when hikers do not have
a first .aid kit, but such do haP"en, or at times the equipment at hand
is inadequate. A toad way to handle this is to make of it a gr~up
P'I"oject, taki,,; alonf on a hike or in f;amiJ, someOne who'
 - 33 -

can demonstrate ways of sterilizing a bandage, im~rovising dressings.

and s~lints. etc~. and making that the main business of an outdoor meet-
in,. This ~ll helP prePare the indIvidual ExpLorers to qualify on some
subsequent tri~ after additional ~ractice.
IV. EXPf.DITIOl'JS
'II) ExPeditions. Hel~ plan ana participate in at least one expedition of at
lea,t two nights.
\

'The,., a,.e many ty~es of exfJeditions. Obviously, we face diffe,.ent situ-

"_tions as between the North Woods, the bpalachianTrail, the Pacific
C,.est T,.ail, the Rockies, Philmont 'Scout Ranch. the Oza,.ks, the Bad Lands
of the Dakotas. the Nississi~~i lowlands, rive,. and lake ~nd portatt
a,.eas, the dese,.t count,.y, and the Eve,.,ladu, In "Adventuring for Senior
'Scouts, " chaptu' XII, there are detailed suggestions as to 1>laces to go
and how to go obout it. Perhaps the best definition of an exPedition is
that it be an unusual exPer~ence involving going into ~laces and areas
not regularly frequented. The idea is that it be as much of an advent-
ure as time, mone" distance, and territory make Possible. ~o nights
are set as a minimum; actually more time is ~,.efe,.red if Possible. Fish-
ing or hunting laws should be carefully observed.
How frequently can ExPeditions be held7 The Outdoor Committee will find
the answer in the ~rogram, time, and interests of the Explorers them-
selves. 'The general Location of the Post in ,.elation to available wilde,.-
ness areas wilt be a facto,. also. "Simple short exfJeditions may be held
frequently, but it would seem that once a year would be a minimum, and
twice a year if Possible for the more elaborate triPs.
,, (IQ) Ca~ i'flf.Take part in three or more overnight camping or fishing or h1ll.nt-
"
.,: . Kuch of the use men find fo,. their Scout camping exfJerience is in their
hunting and fishing trips of later life. This alternative is included
to cover the caSe of any ExPlor~r$ unable to go on the big exPedition.
It gives the Explorer credit for t,.i~s in which he often ParticiPates
with his fathe,. 0·" other men with whom he may be closely associated.
V,. LIFE EXPLO!\ATIONS
". : .'~

Hobbies and Ski Us. 'Select end develop a hobby or 8tUl from lht 0.8-
ill the Handbook for Explo.rerLeaders.
Perha;s the best List of Hobbies and 'Skills is ou,. own list of 1I,,.it
Badge subjects in the "Handbook fOr Boys." 'This requirement can be
aet by the Explo,.er qualifying for one of the Iterit Badges or (In eq.dvQ,l-
.nt, or by any COmParable standard as approved by his Post Council. As
the pUNose here is to encourAge growth and develoPment .of the ExfJlo,.er.
~at he offers to meet the ,.equirement should be a lIerit Badge newly ~­
pfNd and not an ot d one Produced for ·credit II. If he desi ru to
qw,aii!y in a hobby or skill Previously recogniaed for him in S~outing, he
•••• ,d be prepared to demonstrate added skill and progress beyond that
/irfft dage. 'True, this leaveS some leeway for judgment on the Part 0/
the Post Council, but we need not be afraid of that; life itself is fut 1
0/ o'ccuions call int for such judtements ~nd the Post Council will be able
to handle the situation. 'This, to a Y0tln! man. is a most important gate-
. , to knowledge and perha;s to Life interest.lience, we IIJ1,lst not make
it hard. lor him to tain access h ,:c'/Jeri tRee,
 Vocations

TlilS job may be :4 Part-time job, though here :.)€ must think of some-
thing eq1.d'valent to a ll-time job. Certaidy, ther'c tS a
difference between a job which e l a young man minutes a
and one that requ,ired hours or 6 hours. The imPlH'tant thing. hoW"-
is not a total
e1JeT'. so many hours e:mpl , but rather that the
young man eets a r·eal ex'/J nence. In some jobs, an hour a day 1;)ould
be more signi cant in the yount man's develoPment than 6 hours dally
in somt~ others. let us admirdster this irly and 4!1-th disccrn-
ment as to larger values. Ag-ain, the st Counctl ts called upon
the nal deCIsion.
F,U,tll ret.
Determine the SOll condition!':) of en :;oil crec;
crops it i:'5 best lBui end V!IHlt t:r~etment the soil needed
Hon of on", crop~ OR prepeTIil c for en, cdequcte ,.Icter
supply for such (:.n rec~ includi:ng e !Summery fram Wee. ther Buree'..'! of
the cv.nege rcinfcll ion.

"An apProved s it iln>.a" - th is should be ablot u Stze, us

rathet- than size beHlf the k'lthin reason.; ower' bed would not
ceo e r s t steb ~n determlni "soil conditions" ~s to coun-
sel with the Caur! y nt or other exberts and then ascertain the
ct oncernui/! the 7 'items (texture, det)th, humus, subsoil. drain ...
age, top under what makes food CI/!ncultural land
'in the "Soi !fer·it !det." Also l ,"e the
acid - alkaline balance and any

atment jor some rovemsnt may include erosion control, cover

crops, rtil izat ion, lim in g, c nd at i 0 ri , an d (I t Ii e r n t
Producers.
Po r the wa t e r ly st • cDunsel and work wi h the County
o her cx/:u!rts, ,.rla chart the l.ay the land and conditions
a~y ero:non, any it Dr problem, airfyroximate watl!r table and I!ertft!ri~l
,,'ecord t is L'md r i1revious pr'oduction. icate any need r
contour stn c pine, and in the light oj the i'ieather Bureau rain-
II n:co $, i;n;j;ose plan for eraj) best suited to those cOI'I,htions.
(! tal Observances, D£l'flOn trat", proper V!cy to intxocuce two e;
to hancle form8.1 end l:dormcl invitcticm.,; the role of en €lzcort; rel!!pects due
lacies cnc olaer e ccllin(; at a home; (Joing to 19 io:n:'J" .i.e events"
re~tc.nrc.nt~J thec:tre~ J church if

These items an, quite st'eci c and may be d Hl any book on

etiquette or social tisrkf!e. f!e'Y~ is an oM!orturn,ty t,the io.l Com-
mittee to do an education job catlin/! In such exPert hel~ as needed
r d1Scussions these Items and then usi the ~arlous social
events r i mal indi demonsi;ration.
Some ior Units have erated short evenin/! sessions r the st
the sueet:s. ittee members and their I'JPiCS, as well as the,..
adults, have Ii lPcd. Dandng lessens an! somet;imes included. These
meetinjfS have been very SUCCIS t.
VI. COi·'!j'iUNITY Pp,F'TICIPA'l'ION
II C~mmunity 'Service P fets. (a)Ccrry out) alona or jointlYJ at lacet
one cOlnmuni tv Seer'll ce pro Bet in consultation with his Post Advisor.
( ore end repert on whet his ci or ('oun tv govem-
 - '>5 -

~~n t to protect heel th end providE! for heelth needs.

There art many t S oj service whtclt may be counted here. but aeain
the st Council will hatle tht fin wot"d in determin'Sng that which
i $ accep tabL e.
( stions jor cDmmfmity sennce projects are set forth ~n "AdlJUlt-
uring r ~d(Jf' s," chapter XXIII.
(b) This repoy't shaul,d be wdtt(ltl'l out and should include the names of
thostin char"i/f the {u:tilJt tiu ll.$ted.
Conservahon. From Hsld research,! find out how a local COIH>~:rvotion
crose and offer one 01' more possible solution~.
thu project. the ErI> or'et' Ii rst lel counsel with his
Agent. I) r Q th e,. ext; <It rt,~ wk () can ai d hm to i d tnh fy a to cal COl!$t rva-
ticn need (J/rid $Uffftlst sources of tnjormat'iol1. re ~$ a de ranie
poss~bHity here I;;)ldch ould be used to develop iutiative on the
part the indiv1.dual lorer'Scout.
(1 ContinUHIJ! ity Duties. Take hh shcTe he 9 m~et v"luntee:r lEH:>d~
er5hip in the comrr.llrlity through achool J Scout or other com-
munity p:rojects.
In /indinJ! these community leadershiP needs, th.e lon;r:..)iLlbe
helped the: rvice ttee. the st Advisor, and the Post Com-
mittee as he may call them.
re is the place whc'f't the l "~er Scout may secure ct'edit for'
Junior Leadlrshi~ in a out Troop.
VII. GROUP PARTICIPATION RECORD
Sat'!. tory Recof·d. xl?nder at i€aB! tMr0/.S' 1"C)!:UH'! SQtis
08 aD Apprentice Explorer.

Tilts should be no mere PerfU'fH:tof"Y r"()!dine t d genuinely

Pn;;;.is€ this lOf·6r J .s p./itrt iPatien. 'PiliB$ m.u it i.$1f.oi f1S-
sentlat that he rate 90 Dr 200 on each item; the Im~ortaftt thin, •
his sPit ilnd cooPeration. This requirement should adrrurdn$ten:d
not as Q disc linary item but rather to encourage In y sh-
ion to conhnued 'iml;novement. is a: sort inventory. s (; reI!
leaders should be erleD to talk over' with the lere,. the :>takes
and practices.

tory S$n.l{.ce" lui,U be detB'I"iIlined ~y aret'i€w oy :.1.$ rost CounciZ his pG'fticipation in the
~'r!)liGs, 5oc~a.l> outdoor, ana 7i!€Jf! his Of his educational and ids

a jiM outHne
s'i/r,;f,ce"
 CHAPTER X
WHAT DO THE FRONTIERSMAN REQUIREMENTS MEAN?

I) ~. rAONTIERSMAN PANK - meet at least one requirement from each of the Program
under that tank; then select five more a. preferred from eny of
!!.:!~!:!!~s::'e-c":"t-:i-on8 under that r(U\k for a total' of t2 requirements out of the 20 Ihted

1. PHYSICAL FITNESS
(t) Physical Skills. Continue his physical fitness plan and eemon,trate pro-
in one added physical skill or sport.
To -continue his Physical fitness Plan" would involve a re-discussion and
;~eviewof it witb the Post Advisor and with the family Physician in con-
nection with ~y remediable defects. It is imPortant that the ExPlore~
have some outdoor rf(;reation as a Part of his total Plan. "An added
physical skHl or sport" refers to a new one, a different one from that
offered for Woodsman rank. The same ranee of choice exists here as in
Woodsman. The sh II or sport chosen must tnv<>lve real Physical effort.
(tl) Special ·Toughening Skills. (a) Climb overhond an i8-foot rope in not more
2S seconds. (b) EstabUsh his own best record at .his least fatiguing gal t for
mile J or establish J as the basis for improvementJ his own records in high jumPJ
jumPJ and hand vQult.
(aJGreat care needs to be observed in the roPe climb. Continued Practice
Jar too long a Period may cause a fall, as arm and shoulder muscles some-
times let go without warning. See aPPendix for sPeciaL materiaL on this
pro ject.
fb)The purpose of the second part of this requirement is to develop. on the
Part of the Explorer, an exPerience by which he can establish a type of

._~-··~mtJ.,. "
travel on foot which is raPid and not too tiring, and by which he can
rdativeLy Lont dideM" fIttIie •• y i1i cau of an ••• r,.nc~. The.
Scout Pace described in the "Handbook for Boys" is a food example of such
a gait.
An alternate to the foregoinf project is establishing his best record in
the j~mps suggested. Constant Practice should enable the Explorer to im-
prove these records greatly withi~ 6 months to a year •

t. ;. . ' CA)o1PCRAM'
t,) Trail Equipment. Make and use q back-packing outfit--pcck frame~ sack J or
.OR ~ke and use own snowshoes; OR make and demonstrate two Of aore snares
tl\1.1>8 such as would be used for emergency wilderness food supply.

's.."utions for back-Pa,eking outfits are to be found in "Adventuring for

Senior ·Scouts. " chapter 1. ·Hints for makittg snowshoes are in the same
~lume, chapter XLIV, How to make snares and box-traps may be found in
- . , booh in most h oraries. The Armed Forces of the lJ. S. have made
~~"i:;,,:_PJ.I(lble,. to our men and women some excellent materials on "survival"
ieh include sketches oj sPecial snares and traPs. Two of these are
listed here--rlOn j'ot,tr OW1l" by Graham and O'Roke. University of Yinnesota
'reu. NinneaPo ti s ($2.. 00); and "How to Survive on Land and ·Sea; "
tlaihd States Naval Inst itute, AnnaPol is. Ma,.y! and ($2,00) • The old-
tuAioned. box traP with q "fig~re 4" trigger ",aj' be used. Even the bo~
- ) be made b? l ashint small boutka etc. if neceuary.
- 36 -
 - 37 -

(4) rire & Food. On a hike~ or in c ccmp# prepare l for two or more companione l
one of the fo11owing--beanho1e beans l lmu 1 roost on spit l barbecue" c1ambake l or
tub fry.
'The essence 01 this requirement is in cookint with as little equiPment es
possible. For cookint the beans-in-a-hole, some sort 01 container is es-
sential. A larte dee; shell. a concave ~iece 01 sheet metal, or a larte
tin cen mey be used. ·Suttutions. il needed. jor cookine these items m..y
be lound ill the "Handbook tor Boys" and in "Adv.nturint lor Sen ior ·Scouts."
chaHen XlI-XXII. Also "Games and Recreational lIethods" by Charles F.
smith and the "Scout Field Bool" contain valuable hel~s on outdoor cook-
int 01 this type.
(5) BcckwoodsEntineerint· On c hike" with one or more companions croee 0.
ao-foot or wider rcvine" strecm" or body of water" using ropes" vines" temporary
. lmprovheq bridge or rcft J OR wiid 0. needed trcil' b%'idge.
"",'The problem here is to tet acrou the ravine or body 01 water workint
entirely Irom one side. II there are trees close by. they may be used
lor anchorinl a ro~e. No other sPecial equiPment is contem~lated, al-
thou,th poles may be used. 'The idea here is to lace the Explorers with the
problem and depend on thei r resourcefulness to solve it. Such a project.
under varyint conditions of terrain, milht be part of the Protram for
some hike or outint or camhne triP. Some hel-pfuL desiens and Hans are
available in the Pioneerint Merit Badle.
(6) Weather. . From a stUdy of weather recorda select the rest winter .eceon
cnd the beet hot weather season for expeditions" and submit plans for nece.8C(Y
clothing and geo.r for bothsecsona·--demonat.rating for one secaon on 0. hike; find
out whct secsons cre most free from insect pests and on a hike show how to pro-
tect from insects.
, .
'These weather records may be secured from the nearest oflice of the U. S.
Weather Bureau, which is now a bureau of the U.'S. DePt. of Commeru. At
to the seasons most free Irom insect pests, this will have to be 'xPlored
usint local peoPle to supplement one's own experience. Excellent moterial
Q-4 il1,uct ;.,ts is c~t.111ed ,i.a t.~e IH~.ok •. "How to ·Survi'U. Oll Lalla aU 'Sf~"
pates 188-2()Q. A record kePt liy the ExHorer 'Scout himselfcoverine a COn-
siderable Period of time kJould be a very valuable Part 01 this Projut#
but it is nO,t requi red.

III. rIELD CRArT

, ' (7) Stalkine and Concealment. StcU 0. wild animal or bird for photographing
or for bow and arrow hunting, in season; OR trcck and tro.!l through suitable
Cover keeping wi thin 60 to ~OO feet for il2 mUe wi thout bebg detected.
'The f>hotolrfJPhy is a simHer requirement in many ways as there is nO
closed season. It may even be used at nitht with flash hehts. 'Suitable
c.ver for stalkint tame with comPanion ~ be hith enouln to make con-
ceatment possi ble. Bow and orrow hunt in, can b., used only in ceriain
sections and in certain seasons. It should not be used without thoroueh
knowledte of all 'ondi hons in'tlolved. 'See "Scout Field Book, " Pow-rf(Jlu %0.
OrientotiOll. On an expedition make 0. sketch mcp covering the trip" and
nqcompas8 becrings and c'Pprcximate dhtcnce-a" o.lso places where wild
wcs seen.'
'This should be a routh maP but should contain enoueh detail thot someone
"se could lollow and find the trail; indeed, that mitht constitute fJ toad
"tutine" 01 the mat>.
 tac9t :;0 ;,lords (mird.mum of 150 letteI'e) bV InteI"nctionol l';o .. tle over a dit'-
tar.ce of 1/4 mile 07 more J U5il.'lQ !leU. J or ~pe<:'ial improvised vilSucl mecms;
OR mcke c shart wave receiving .et; OR demanltrct. his ability to meet the firat
f of tha Fed.rei Cormr:uI'lications ConunilHlion n'dquiremsnts Rc.diaAmateur l G
1ie.MH'~

The idea here ~s not a eea event. but to use any irlli'rovf.$ed
means. Directions for making and us the hel~ograph may be
in the !1Sienall in!;"" Ne t ltet. f! Ordt.nary signal should
not be us though something nmilar mi be im:/)ro'l.rised. For the
F. requirements rio eur's hcense. theu may be secured
from the Americiul Radio Relay League. stH{Jytjo Conn:. Short ~;Ja'Ue
r:-adio 'Parts will available n at the c se of the war. In some
~laces they can still found.
l First Ad. On a 1\i t hike j demonstl"cte art1 fidel rction~
of emergency int and bandcging J done entirely in the corK.
rhe :Hm here is to acquHe skill in doing these thines ided only
touch4:
IV. EXPEDITIONS

(11) edttiDns. Partiei If.' in 1tion of at 1808t 3

durctiol'lJ 1n1101 vlng trans porta tion foot~
then one campsite.
Excellent i '{'mahon irte the oreani:;patton and o'Peration Vllri,-
ous es of exPedItions 1.5 ffivenin turin£, r Senior uts.1/

into Hike i5 miles with a peck wai ing not la •• than 25 lb!l.~
li~it of drinking weter i n t; on meal to be emergency rc ti(nl him-
sdt.
~{uch available i mahan '!f!!J,Y be secured on this sub
dbook r [Joys. " the k Merit
1£1'; and ~lfo",} to Sunivf: 011

The ernergulcy ratio may be Pared Hi advaru;;e, such as dried meats,

its, and !Jegetables, or parched or-no mily aLso consist of
secured em thetnP natural sources, arid p IZn~d by the Lorer
t.
EXPLORATIONS

OT skill from list

in the "Handbook for LeodeTtI" Qnd report or demonstrate in POElt

in f;nnnous requ.rements on thu subject, the:re is a ltride list

which to choose hobbies and sk;lls. An excellent Il!ay to detenn'!.ne t.h
re(of inten!st and mastery one these is to .. sk t· lorer
out to ~resent demonstrate th, su ct before the st at ane
the indoor meetin3s. The result wi II be very i.nterest meetings
dencs for the men theri!:!relves.
end in PO$t meeting on ities and prepQr~
as well as the future outlook for c young men in ant vocation of

Tni s P ct is des
 -39 -

examine carefully any preferred vocation.l field before takint s;e'iat

trainint. Some questions to be co~sidere4 are: Ho~ much trainint is
necessary? What is the cost of trainin,' Where can it be totten' Is
the field cro~ed? Is demand in the field likely to continue? et~.
(25) Farm Project. Cerry through hie own approved Qarden l chicken J stock 4
pi QeonJ bee J or rabbit, or similar project. (Mey be 4-H or Future rarmera of
'Americe projects U CM'S! red.)
'This requirement is intended to encourate Ex1>lorer Scouts to entate in
a small ent,rjrise on their o~ initiative. An unsuccessful venture
should not receive credit, althouth it is not necessary to sho~ a
Profit.
(26) 'Social Obse rvances,
Give evidence of knowledge of proper teble
etiquet~, includiftg table erranQement l .eetinQ of quests l orece at menla l and
the".servino end peninQ of food.
~,
Do not hesitate to refer to Emily Post or any other recotnized au-
thority to determine correct Procedure. 'The best ~ay to determine
kno~ledte is to have the ExPlorer Scout demonstrate these observances
in his o~ home ~ith guests Present. He should say erace, introduce
f!uests, serve food, etc. He should secure the cooPeration of his
parents in this project.
VI. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
£27) Community 'Service Projects. (a) Continue his effortJ alone or jointlYJ
to do his part in helping with community affQirs. (b) Report what non-govern-
mental agencies there are in his community which seek to benefit youth.
His ~holehearted and enthusiastic ParticiPation in the Post's 'Service
activities should be favorably considered as meetint this requirement.
(a) Each ExPlorer may have the assista~ce of the Service Committee and the
Post Advisor in his o~n quest for the community service which fits his
time and other con~jtionint factors.
(bJThis item caLls for a little bit of Personal research and inquiry.
ritA tit. list doutd ~, a dateltM! .! .. a. ead lItHCY ,u•• Ie 4 ••
(18) Conservation. DeveloP and carry out an orifinal conservation Project
in consultation ~ith his Post Advisor and eovernment or other conservation
leaders.
"; ; . -",",; " . (;' This may be of any tyPe ...... soil erosion, forest care, ~ater control,
'insect Pest control, croP rotllt-ion. etc. Considerable latitude in
choosing Projects should be allok1ed. Value to self or community
should be considered.
(19) Continuint Community Duti,s. Help find others to help a8 needed com-
munity leaders in church J schoolJScouting J etc' J in addition to his own con-
tinuing service.
Any such effort should follow consultation ~ith those.in charte of the
grouP to be helPed and sltould be desired by them. The Post Advisor
and the Service Committee can be of help. Here is a chance to render
st>ecial helP to the sPonsorint institution, either in 'Scouting or· some
other Part o! i h community work.
VII. GROUP PARTICIPATION RECORD
(ao) Satisfactory Record. Render at least three months· satisfactory
aervice* as an Explorer WOOdsman.
See the comment under Woodsman's Requirement No. 20,
service" wUl be detemined by a 1"eview bJ 1J.is Post aI'Id Post Adviso1", of his /JarHct/Jation in
sodal, outdoor, a1ld lIeetilll ,/>1"ogrG1ll of his troup: of his ed~ationa' prognss a1ld hi..s "'elili~ in-
as kleJ, as his jm}ctl,ce in ilaHy Hfe Of the Scout OGtA and Lawa1ld Id.eaLs Of tood. citizeMliP.
XXI in "Adventlwilll for Senio1" Scouts" '" weju.l in c01I3iaering this reqtdreunt.
 CHAPTER XI
NTS MEAtH

under that rank; than

I. PHYSICAL FITNESS
(I) Physical Skills. s in his i cal fi tr,es g and demcH:strote pro-
fleieney in one added sical skill Of sport.
e YSlcal fitness Plan should alain be talked over with the Post Ad-
v;sor, wat,h~n!! rerruediil-ble de ct items, recreation, and l;'Hddoor cal
s~orts. At te~st an annual chec by hi, 1y sjcian IS U A
ntw sPort or ysi Hl is requir!!d.
( ecial ninE! Skills. Build on approved obstacle course of at leas
five unIts and establish hie record for the course.
r su~eest r build "I the obstacle course. set Publi attons the
al til and rvice. 8. .4.

( it nt. Make and USB a sleeping or a tant suitable for his

climate: OR a reflector oven and a water ~ OR Iftake (] pair of skis or snowBhoes~
build a boot; a call0e; or kayak.

for bUlldinf thiS trail equipment may be

njar outs· Cha~ter X.
( Fi-re and Pood& Cook a me 1 for two or more co.mpanions) built a:rc~<Jnd fish.t
f(n,ll, or ther gQlne in season secured on thE) trip.

tHa.t cooking used men on hunt tr s ts the theme

th1$ PeeL. sits may seasons and
license Laws must be ascertained an
a c e to c IS requirement whIle on a rib with his
other men. e Field Book, /! 16.

Backwoods
r$8'c~e device across a 25 foot of f~ltlteT or strecun bed. with the he of the
f~'ma:roon@d j:··erSOfl; ()R Luild some TIf;oded camp equip.tnent
dutch oven; or J \~'li ttt others; if need bUl Ie a cabi "

The rescue vice involves a 'Tty t~ll ~yramid lashed ales Dr an

erlt tree on one sIde and a 5imit~r arraneement on the other k~th a
roPe between them over winch the stretcher" or seat- e of dence is to
travel. orifinality and initiative on the ~art of the lDrer outs
will be needed to comPlete ~s P eet.
~iea th ,'. Ii IT1to. HlOds (l.r-cUe col
eut J an It seQ" strate (In hiKe
for

r hi n t S 01'1 S 1U'1.1 Z va l,
s e if: 1'1 t U. ne r i o '" (Juts 11 Chapters XX-,lWf.
X. and to StH"ll'iv€ on Land alld Sea, fI tmbli d the ited Stat s
l stdute.
-, 40 -
 III. FIELD CRAFT
Stalking and Concealment. On c hike or expedition. pitch tent BO as to COh-
and camouilctge it. After its use, cover all signs of camp; includiTlg fOOt-
prints witbin i5 faet around the site.
aliltheientfrom l sides is quite ai cult in some locations.
rather open Places, the n t of the rzqui remel'lt M'Jtdd be met Jf it was
concealed from g trg~l some feet away. c t overhead should
also be included.
( Orientation. Using composs and grid map~ makll his wa'! in unfamiliar country
lderness where possible) through three designated grid map points, involving Q

4 mi.le ci Tcui t.

The point in this requu"'emcnt is the combined use of a large scale maP of a
small area and a comtass. boints are laid out on a maP and the compass
bearHIf!$ k!!) eO. out on PaPer; then the idea is to take the corwf;ass and the
and reach the points wherl! there should certai.n thtnffs to noted
'k,tl'l,c;h would (lutomatic.:zlly ci'l'7l! the accuracy achie''Ued. To deal with so
ort a total dIstance as
5 r miles. It IS essential that a La ale maP
be avail le, These can bf secured (or coPie the Court y
e toPogra:f;hic maPs the f), oior!ical rve)' 9:l?l be
either d nutly or thrc dealen.
(9) ications. On a hike or in camp at ni t !'H?r'd and receive at least 40
words letters) International Merse Code over c distance of i/4
mile using any imprO\Tised or hOm8rf1odH blinker device; C~p l"n(lke a. vlork ing plan for
tll1 (unateuyis sendir:C] set," C)R ~ualify for Federal Co.mrnunications Cornrnitd3icn Radio
~AJTIot8urls icellse~

'The nh:~n any imProvised Dr homemade

;,lture of this requu-ement is the use
hi nker dev cc t messages.
Flath the Sea out Manual and t he !I al-
/,inl! Ment et '! ha:vt! plans ivY' im'bie bllnke • while a still more
elaborate set may be made !,nth an auto headl t tted with a movable shut~

the amatear radio in, let Plans are red as the Project.
the' e mu t be lly explazt1cd both as to 7/Hzk 17f! and use,
To qualt r the
F. ,c, io Amateurl:; liccnse ts a much hea;ver t,'FO ct. It 1-S ~nduded.
hOttN!Ver, to encourage more out IIham r,,,die oPerators for the neuJ tost~lvar
develoPments In that area.
,-j '".
( Trail First Aid. On n hi ke 01" in camp demonstrate, OVer an approved trail)
emergency trar:sportGtion of in fFd person one and oy two others including the
!l'l;tJ( inO r:;r an emergency s 1 i ng or sledqe from pol"!;!,, ropBs, and stickS,

The a:t;Proved trcul shouLd irrvoi'l)€ some tlt)S and ,towns and d cultH!S such
a,s wilder-nes:; emerffencu~s walt d be erta'tll to Provide. Tn the tn'linin!! for~
this, various t es I rles should b. covered with SUitable one and also
two men transPortat~(Jn. TiltS i.l fI should extend at l a.st l!:;: mile. '1he
ok for s, f! IIFiYst Aid Ment hlet, II and the Amer·ican d
Cross publications on rst Aid It amPle source mater~aL for thjs
Pro t
EXPEDITIONS
IJExPedltions. Present detCl,iled
i tion and, participate in one su.ch trip, involving more Utan one camps! teo

rta~nly at the r level. the b edition should not only some-

thing UntLSual. as interpreted jor the t'l!H} Previous f"I:lnks, but this one
 - 42 -

should t,.y to "to.p" th~ .p,.evious eneditions. No,.thwoods canoe tr-i~s, visits
to Philmont. ~tc. should s~t the .pattern.
(12)Cam'Pint. Spend a total of at least 10 nights in overnight service, fishing
or hunting camps.
The camIJinf alt~,""ativ~ is fo,. the ExHorer IIJho has to "miss" th~ mai"
annual or semi-anJl"al (or more fr~qu~nt) exPedi,tion, but IIJho, lIJith his
fath~r or others, may have a real exP~ri~n~e huntint or fidine: OR 1IJIz0
may participate ill IJ Servic~ ~roject of aPly sort in lIJhich a camp is s~t
up and conducted alent Scout CamlJineStandards.
V. tU'E E)(p~RAnONS

f:rSJHoqb;es and 'Sk i Its. S.lect and carryon a new hobby or advance in on old oneJ
ofld show' evidence of fair mastery of one added crptt skill.
Fa,. interlretation, see same item under Woodsman and Frontie,.sman, not"n,.
that this requ're.~"t calls for tllJO items, ~ least one of IIJhich shall oe
any craft skill. "Craft skill" refers to somethinf made IIJjth the hands.
There are several Nerit Badfu IIJhich lIJould satis-fy the requiroement. But it
need not be confined to such.
11.4) Vocations. Compare the three vocations which seem most attractive to him and
outline in conference with his Post Adviaor J a Dractical plan he might follow to
enter anyone of them,
This in1)olves readinf and conferences lIJith men in the three voc.ations to be
covered. This report mifhJ be made befor~ the Post, thouth that is not
sfucifically required. Then the 1IJ0rldni out of a rouih outline Plan of
lIJhat he milht do to iet into one of these vocations.
'This involves conferences. not only lIJitit the Post Advisor, but Probably lIJith
other friends and members of one's family, ThiS is a deliberate efftJrt to
help the ExPlorer make an intelli;ent choice of an occupation.
i15JFarm Project. After counseling with one or more agricultural leaders. out-
line and carry through his own project in agricultural research or experimentation
n.w oZ'opa" OI'O'P improvement by aelection ~orlnwed~ng. ~91'ofUnq,. .... t8
methods J etc.
'This is a lIJide open orifinal job to be done involvin( conference and con-
·.1". tinuin" counsel lIJith technically ,nerienced PeoPle. Alricultural teachers,
. \; county alents, and llniversity Extension DePartments may be consulted and can
furnish many ideas and mu,h help.
(16)SociaL Observances. Give evidence of having read Q book or pamphlet on social
'; ..;.,. .aages; present dir9~tions for five social games appropriate for informal Explorer
Seout occasions; assist social conunittee in arranging and conducting aforlTal 50-
"· __ n . en t •
.I.' . .

Most libraries and many homes have available a book on social usafe or et-
iquette. Host booksellers have one or more available at various prices.
"'at "evidence of havhtl read" should be exacted. One lIJay to evoke ,ducQ.ti",-
al values would be to ask the Exploref to ~mmarize usafe on lIJhat he deemed
,..tite ,0
most imtJortant social situations, A brief report on the booll hfore
the Post lIJould be hel1>ful. 'The £x1>lorer qualifyinl in this Project should
une Q1t the Social Committee actively for at least one term. "('rlJIte$ and
Recreation.al lIethods" by Charles F. 'Smith is a food referuce for the ,ames.
~WMMt:rNITY PA,RTICIPATICN
7)Community Service Projects. In additto~ to his own he~p or leadership in
QPproved community project J report to his Post Gn what services J protectiVe
 opmental j are carried on his local government primarily for the
of VelU th.

Serv ce Committee and Post Adiiisoy can hI? lorer

tv he 'HI t community. l i stine the rnment you til se rv ces s an
individHal n'.:search p ect in which school officen. tUcwspa.'f!,ers, ,'tty of-
jiel s. and ot;h.f,ys CJ7! assist. Note the apenc to be listed and studied
(lye n'!mentJl fl in this. while they are fIn rm1!tlltal" in the
tie r'smal~
t Consef"!lat~on. Survey (md report on the main renreSElntatives of the families
" Qnt ani animal 1 fe discovered at anyone 58Q80n in an apprDved area) indi-
cat iru;l" thei:r relat ion to hum,:!;. Ii ita; OR ~xplore end report on so:ne one fon~ of
t or aniMal life as to its .ncB; how it lives, what part it aye in
U$ ral setting; and its possible values"

ThH5 is sort a Z{)otollical and botcmical inventory ",hat is to be

in the f'oved. area. "How large should t area i Large e to /)1'0-
'tnd.e a irly wide varie in its and ora. On the great ~lains it
, : :~

m~ t be necessary to cover a large tract a hundred. acres {}'r more, whet'eas

., '
in the adu oj Flori a 100 foot square ill'!, be too much
Generally eaking" if the quest is r the ts on one
probably a larger 'J-rea lu"l,ll be necessary.
{lQJContil1u1ng Community Du.tics. Assist n training others as needed" as part of
~h; cen tinl.ling help to the comr\1.mi through church. school, Scouting; or other
eomnmnity proj;:sct
, ~,

given in tnlini1'1l! CDurse • esPecially as they deal

sPlc~a'ties. would be t to uts, ps, Gtrl
d ,etc..Tn tfas requirement such training helb
riC Y to served, ~nd tt ~Lso Prt oses that the
do something rthem, a well.

: r
tory Pecord. Pender at least six Mon hS' satisfactory servics* as aft
lYOn t j e:rSHlan,

st Cound and the Advisor are urged-to make thu a significant, not a
Pc tory rat sal. sch cers, rei ious i:eade"rs, parents, a.nd
his friend$, each indill'l-dual Ly deals w1,th the Lorey in terms of
• some very valuable 'Ie stments, can be started.
raHal should not be used to disci ine to Punish, rather tt is of
ValtH: ,. tt kindly, con tnu:tive st! possibilitus. i suf1-
sted that the Post il evaluate loner r this requirement.
h items as itiat11l€, lea,de ,{; ~rat-Hm. spirit, Hity,
cleanlin,ss. neatness. etc should be conSidered.

sertJice" l/.,>i n be de te'r'll~ined. by :l '!'Bview by

sOciat, CYtttdoor, ;'lnd his his eau,catio?,\aJ.
as we~l as hi! ~"'acHc:'e in acHy 01 thif, SC(y",t Oat!; :Jfla La.:w and HeaLs

ifxplo'r&r RI).r;,(!(~'f shQ1dd be !Jrl. alL-r9UJ'ki exPert in the f!'fogl"am--alert, courteous

and ca~b1.e. fle shoutd heve aem(m$tnlted Ms aoHH)' ant! ~JiL to "Iyrk with ot~en aM
,fJtkers. He sr.,o;l,Uj have el!t·dellce oj ~eadersM 1-' 'iJa H ties and re(!{tin;;ss to accept resronsibi HtWs.
sh&ut.:1. cO'IIlpare ~ n wi tn the Sea. SCC~kt; Quartenasts'F ofl4 the Ai-r SCC/".J;t ilciiI.
 4i44

CHAPTER Xt I
SUGGESTED CEREMONIES

CEREMONIES IN EXPLORER SCOUTING

Cere.eny is a meeting element which is too often left unplanned J either car-
ried out in an un i n teres t inq way or en t i reI y ami t ted,
Ceremony is too important to the success of the meeting to be so handled. The
suggestions here may help you. Try them out and then create some of your own.
Good opening and closing ceremonies will have a lot to do with the attrQctive_
ness of , your meetings. Senior Scouts are at the age when ceremony plays an import-
- .. .
~ ,

~,
Q.nt".part in creating attitudes and also actions. Ceremonies can have a great deal
morErto do with character building, especially at this age) then is generally rea-
lized. There is often no better way to get across an important fact or essential
quality than by an impressive ceremony.
The Explorer Program offers a fine opportunity for development of ceremonies.
History is full of unusual experiences and stories of interesting people, around
which they may be built.
"
Essentially, there are three kinds of ceremonies:
:1,. Those which are carried on as a regular Part of the oPeninfJ and closinfJ
meetings.
2. Ceremonies used for the installation or investiture of new
members~
3. Ceremonie_s recognizing sPecial a4)ard or merit.
A few fundamental princiPles of ceremonies must be observed if they are to be
successful:
1. There should be a freat deal of symbolism but noting which mifht
be retarded cu ditdid or 1TuJke-be'heve~
2. Lone speeches should be avoided.
! .'
3. Ceremonies should be relatively short and easily understandable~
.. '~
4. If possible, ever'yone in the unit should particiPate in at least part
of the ceremony.
5. Performance should be sn~ppy and carried on with a comPletely serious
att itude.
6. All necessary preParations should be simple and equiPment available~
Only a few ceremonies are given lIere. 'Have your ExPlorer Post create some.
If they are fJood, Pass them on for others.

SIMPLE OPENING AND CLOSlt'G CEREl'10NY

iquft'''ltnt it'teotd -American Flag) Explorer Foet Flo>;) standard\'! ,for flags. bugle
or whistle J and scroll on which is lettered Scout Oath and Law.
When time for meeting to begin arrives) the Explorer Guid~ indicates to the
Bugler that it is time to open the meeting.

- 44 -
."
 45 -

The Bugler takes position at front of t •• room and blows ASS~bly,

All Exporer Scouts immediately proceed ,_ their Crew positions Qnd
assume seats.
ExPlorer Guide;(ltcmdh.Q) "WiH ttle Proen. ComJIlittee Chairman in c;:hafge
of the meeting appoint two men to Qdvance the COl. . .,.

Chairman: "Very well J Sir." Cturning to hll,"'''tee) .. Will Explorer

Scouts, Smi th and Jones J please prepare to advance U'."e.lers' II
Smith and Jones: (rising ond saluting in unh_l ,""" Sil'. " (they return
to rear of room and secure Post and Am.erican Flags)· ...
When Color Bearers are reody __

ExPlorer Guide: "Post j attention! salute: ..

All Explorer Scouts saluQte as flOgs are

the standards have been placed for flags. Flag
ready to place flags in them at cOlTllTland.

ExPlorer Guide: "Colors Post," (bearers

Scouts drop salute)

Ex1>lorer Guide: "Secretary, please display the En>lorer ·SCO\1t·

of Action."
·Secretary: "Very We 11, 8i r." (unrolls and hangs up the serel
Oath and Law)

ExPlorer Guide: "Seats" (all Explorer Scouts resume seats, and

proceeds)

After meeting has been carried through. the Explorer Guide

folloVls:

ExPlorer Guide: "Prepare to adjournJ" "Secure the Code

The men who posted the Colors at op~ning of meeting now rise and
to lift them from the standards and stand ready. The Secretary stands by
pared to roll u F the scroll of the Oath and Law.

ExPlorer Guide: "Post Attention: Retire the Colors: Post. salute~ II

(Keeper of the Log rolls up the scroll. and the Color E.earers retire the flags)

ExPlorer Guide: "Two! l'1eeting is adjourned." (salute is ended and meet-

in gel 0 s ed. )

INVESTITURE OR OPDUNG CEREMOFY FOR EXPLORERS

Material Needed:
One larfe sheet.
8 card boards about 6" to 8" square wi th 5-POl n ted star cut out ,n
center of each. (Star about 2J" in diameter.)
8 flash lights
Script for ParticiPants
Arrangement s:
State darkened; room darkened also.
Sheet hunt near front of stafe with the 8 cardboard star cut-outs Pinned
 - 46 -

on back of sAeet in th~ rel~tivf .~,jt~on, pI

st~rs in Gr~qt Di~~er and
the North 'Star.
As each reader reads his star No •• he snaps on his flash-litht within
about 2 in. of the star cut out and holds it lirhted in that position
until the ceremony is ended.
Betin at star at outer end of handle and close with Korth 'Star. 'The ton~
01 vo~ce must be such as to ~roduce solemnity.
NOTE:'Th~s Ceremony may be modified in many ways. Hat bo%u on floor with 'Star
Cut-outs in covers; a,lso may be re1!ised to serve as an induction ceremony.
'The first six statements include the SIX ~oints of the 'Senior Scout
Citizenship Dedication in nAdventurSnt lo,-Senio,- 'Scouts, n

~. i, Just as all mankind is the beneficiary of the great Explorers of yesterday

who endured hardship that others might enjoy more c011\.fort; who faced danger with
unwavering courage that others may benefit by their explorations; so may weI as
Explorer Scouts of this daYI explore the upland trails to seek the best and give
the best; to search after this Great Spirit of Scouting that we too may have the
courage to face danger ond "Be Prepared" to endure hardship that by our life and
living. li/ven now mankind will be blessed.
Even as the Explorers of yesteryear depended upon the stars to guide them in their
course. so may we~ here and now. look to this constellation, Ursa Major. to guide
us unerringly in our quest for this Great Spirit ofSco\lting.
To dedicate ourselves unreservedly to this quest. by this --
Star No. i -- We "will continue to live the Scout Oath and Low;"
No~ By Star No.2, We "will keep ourselves familiar with the Declaration of Inde-
pendence and the Constitution of the United States -- with its Bill of Rights and
obligations. to
No...t.l ~y_.Star No.;)~ '!fe "will respect and obey the law - ... to furthli/r ~h()t true free-
dom and SE/cud ty fOf 0.11, wni en com•• with 11 berty under law."
No.4 By Star N~,~, We "will wholeheartedly cooperQ,te in the responsibilities of our
homes. and will participate in the civic and 50ci<l1 activites of our schools) our
churches, ne i ghborhood and communi ty J and when legally quali tied, we wi 11 regularly
register and vote in community, state, and national elections,"
, r,.
" ". ~ l!.o.S :By Star No!~, We "will deal fairly and kindly with our fellow citizens of
..
Whatever race or creed" in the Spirit of the Twelfth Scout Low and its faith in
God, and America's guarantee of religious freeqom."
No.6 By Sta£.!£~._6.J We. "will work for America and will guard our heritage -- its
liberties and responsibilities -_ realizing that the privileges we enjoy today have
i ;'
corne as a result of the hord work) sacrifice) faith. and clear thinking of our fore-
fathers, and we will do all in our power to transmit our America, reenforced, to
the next Qeneration,"
No.7 Stat No.7. re!ninds us that. while we are now completely dedicated to the
~t'. there ~re millons about us who are self-centered and unhappy -- whose moin
concern is for themselves and who indeed care not the least for the welfare of
others. This seventh Star further reminds us that we truly cannot bring to these
selfish" unhappy people the spirit of friendliness; the spirit of the "Good Turn"
and helpfulness; true happiness~ and the vision of democracy. unless we find and
possess the object of our quest. This 'Star now points out to Us direct the object
 -- 47 --

't

of our quest -- the Great Spirit ai Scouting. LGl us hasten and possess it,

"Polaris" -- The "N(Hth Star", This is the Star which, thrcugh-

the true guide fOl' all Explorera to keep them on their
course. This trunous Stor represenh the "Great rit of SCillutir,g. '11118 oren,
have found it O.1"\d. we trust; pos!less it. Through th4:! d t of 5couth'Q .. we see
the Chl,H'eh and its spiritual pi'lwer needing O"lT per!$onal service and challenging
U<1 to high levels of Hving,

Mindful of the hard work, s<1(::rificeQ.nd lear thinking of our icre~·fathersJ who"
"lith the f God, ,gave us our liberti.H" we will carryon with all our might
in meeting the lems we in th(; present world crisis ahd in our O1;rn ..
.i"ot i onal li fe.
laraia, do our bast to the fine 5?1 ri t of American Reverence.,
toleran~s, and loyal burning in our 1 vas DB intal! gent, participating
cit s who real care about our fallow citizens and seek to " other people
ot all times." ThQt 5pirit is the life~blood of Amedea, 'Let us ever it
and 1 i ve it.

Ex orers are aeated arDund a darken ad room in a cirel. At appropriate

sides of trw TOOffi J small tables or stands nTe placed; mark~d :'orth, South; rust,
and \"1231. Loch table holds 0 lamp CHId behind it is an orer ScouL If there
i:5 aome object on the table suggest i va of thE; re\;ion represen ted or the LOreI'
Scout dressed appropriate J the effect is much b!i:!t tel',

In the center are he lorer G\.)ide, Assistant Gui and Secretary,

fla.f1ked on either side the Past and ArnericQl'. flags, ThfJ Becretary holds the
rolled scroll of the Beaut Oath CHId L<J'<!.

Direct in f;ront of the ExploreI' Guide is () small table or stand on ',,!tlch

is placed a compass and Q lighted candle.

'fhe ore! candidate is escorted throu the leader f

the Crew to wh ch he is to be Qssi

Actgon: Three knocks on the door.

IV Lead", r:
Candidate:
ore!' Pc'st

to tacoma an Apprentice orer7 H

Candidate: "I am,"
erei<! Leader: (laads candidate hefore table in
center of
Leader: (salutin<;) "Officen Qnd m!?n of Ex o.er Pos. ____
Candidate enp.s to become Q member of the Post,,,
Exp toyer pra
Leade r:
lorer Guide ·'Candidato __. ____ , this darkened room is lie of the
 4B

the dCLrknB5s which anvel the world before the great oreTS of the past
rolled back the horizon of t e human race thro their intrepid itians.

This candl;;, raprerHillts the feeble glirrtlfHH of desire for Kn.

which ins 0 explcn-e., expertment, and learn.
red even prilni tiv8 m.::tn
Scouts endeavor constantly to widen our owri horizona B • experiment. and
conatan t search for k:nowl You \4i 11 now be escorted to the four prine!
points of the aSB."

Cre",'l leudf'lr Qnd candidate move to "£(113 t J" where 1 i t flashes on al'\r,t
shows orer cout:
t: "I am 'Cast, I represent the oldest civilization, The first awakln-
ing of learning occurred within my realm. For ages nations t short routes
tC'·1r,y shore!'>. Norco Pblo} Vasco de Gama J Qnd countless others rruJde long journeys
in search f the wi ed~ and secrets of th East ...

ere'".; leader escort 5 candida to to "¥Jos t" as 1 i t flashes on there,

I om younger than East as far as recent civilization
13 concerned. (,~'ew
vistas of progresshave com.a t rough me. 60m9 0 f thfl great-
est crSTS of all time are closely related to me. Columbus, Cortez, Drake)
lain, Fulton Qnd Edison bl i lzed the trails,
Ne'tl World."

Candidate is led to ""orth" o.s ligrtt is tunH?,::1 on there.

North:"I am North. I (1m cold, cy fields have challsn and been

conquered dar in 9 Ex orers (1$ Frobi er. Hudson. SOli, and Over
my frozen reaches. 01 rmen f to carryon the business of the
shortest ross.ible TQutes;jH

Candidate is led to South. LiQht on.

my :reCllm. In ot~ersJ I am colder than orth. Much remains to b8 learned of my

continents and great oceans. Magellan, Coo
1 c i d t h ~ r: 01:: :r S I If

Caridi te is t back to center,

"You ~Qve heard from the four cornAl'S of the Harth Bome-

;)c i e[lce l p,,-xtJ [conornics Politics 1 end other human endeavor.

j (overhead 1i ts
corrte OIl) We seek to emulate and follow in their footstepu. Along
thIS ped. according to the great code of action
known as the Scout Oath and Law. Secretary. present the scroll."

Th$ 3eCT"ltary steps out and u",ro 1 the scrcll dil'.pla ing tJH~ Secut Goth
and La.'itlf

rtltiJry: "Here is the Code fAction (;u ding all Ex orer Posts. It is
th It states 8 e but great princi 8S of human
en neering. of the orer5 of the past and present hove been guided
it. t':ake it your 1)aO(;OI1 11 t cs you proceed along the Modern rer trails,.
Do yeu accept this Scout Ccth and Law as YOllr own?

date: III do,"

Sficretory s t epe b::!c k.
 ~ 49 -

ExPlorer ide: htont w you now prG$ent the A~ericQn

end heve the candidcte the of All (!nee."

Auutant Lon:r Guide: "You. heve neera that the colon of the f
str.ma for b.rcverYA truth" and purity which wej..me:ricuns strive ccmstcntl'l to
c.ttcin. I wi an to cO.l1 your qttention that they mey v!ell call to 'lOUT trine
our heritage bequ~cthed us three cncient people$. The Red remind$
us of lew c.nd the Romans" the Blue of Cul tuxe J crt~ ert:hi tecture .. cmd the
Greeks J end the W"hite of reli on end the Hebrl9'rls. 'tiitt. the~e (1$ a foundctio!\,;
the greet Repuolic$ of which thi$ f is the National was founded.
w'lll V'£I 'the ScoutSc.lute cx~d the ciAl ctlce to the nag?"
 SOCIAL

OUTDOOR .-rrH~iS PRACTICAL

COMMITTEE ~ ARTICLE WAS DE~
VElOPED FOR SCOUTING
TE CHl'JI CAL BY THE SENiOR SCOUTING
co}.1' M r T'l' E: ll:
:R.lC PORT •• SfAFF OF THE GREATER
NEW YORK COUNCilS.
"'---
--
- -
:-==-::-=-====
------.--
---
==

NIOR
YOUNG MAN who enters Senior Scouting. expects
LAN T
which will
IR 0
members what they expect to get
something SENIOR--!lOmething for men. He looks from Senior Scouting. Until a unit is well established
forward to adventure and activities that will put his 'and the ideas fiow naturally from the young m~n
imagination to work. ~e wants a program and proj- they may feel the need of their
ects that will stimulate his thinking and broaden his adult adVIsor present at committee meetings to offer
&Ocial relations. l<iore import~ thali these, he hall a Stlgg0StiOJl5. The committee /lise wish to ~t
strong instinct to express himself plans of his the other ~oung men in the unit for their ideas land
own making and to be recognized in his home a.nd reactions oU!~uggested program rllaterial. With these
community illS Ii man-nota boy. suggestQnli! in hand, a committee sets to work weigh-
Senior Scouting recognizes this 1l11/i gives young ing various possibiHties, the popularity of the ideas
men !1 chance to build a Pfograrrl that ""'ill fi.t their and the best way to carry them out.
·needs as only they themselves know;/' them. Each
Senior is either an officer (Chairman or Assistant) The Technical or Indoor Committee.
elected by the young men themselves in demOCl"<l,tic
meeting, or he is a member of one of the four plan~ The Technical f7f Indoor Committee is responsible
ning committees {Technical 01" Act.ivities or lor up and .indoor ac-
Outdoor, Social and F.al::h committee chair~ tivities at each meeting. Theirs is a big job, fOir the
man selects the members of his own com.m.ittee. al- regular meetings a.re the groundwork for the adven-
though as l-af as possible, young men are allowed to ture part of :II. Senior Scout's experience. Usually th~
select thfi!! oomTnittee they want to serve on. Thus Technical C<lmmittee works out a basic meeting plan
every men;\ber of a Senior Unit has a responsibility which is flexible enough to anow for special events"
for the success of the program because, eiL"ler as an In addition to Senior SCClutcraft projects in the meet-
officer of the 'l.mit 01' as Ii member of one of th~ com- ings, speakers on civic subjects and educational and
mittees, he has ill part in saying what that progrlilm technical experts are i."lduded as speakers or in-
shan be. formal program advisors. to musewns, schools
and technical plants are often included and add in-
terest "end knowledge to the program. Educational
Committees Develop Program films of special phases of the unit's work may be in-
Each Committee meets se~rately to dl&."'WlS some clud.ed, as wen as other visual education. The com-
of the things that it can recomlJ:ltmd as it program mittee not only sugi~~sts these iterru;, but also Irnlkes
 -_._-_.
- -
------
-- - ben! and their wives, to
- act as sponsors and chap-
erons for the parties and
dances.

The Service Committee

The Sen,ic!!! COfflfnittee
offers the finest opportunity
for growth of the young
man's feeling of responsi-
toward hilil com-
munity. something which
will carryover into adult
life. The committee pre-
sents community service
projects, and plans for
training for emergency ser-
vice. Its big aob is to en-
courage every member of
the unit to find some chan-
nel of regular community
service, such as being a
prelhrdnary inquiry u to availability of the experts junior leader in the Boy Scout Troop, taking part
and equipment, the expense, etc.; before inChlding in meh school activities as student government, dubs,
them in the report to the Wlit. school, paper, etc. It should open the way .for the
members to serve 3S ushers in the church or com~
munity house and to sd as aides at various com-
munity events. It encourages each Senior Scout to
wc.rk constantly at recruiting members into Senior
':the Activitie. or OUUPJOf' Ci>mmittee involves a
Scouting, either dropped Scouts or young men who
~ta.lly diiferent type of planning. This committee
have not pre.vio.usly .been in Sl:outinl,
t'lnds O\tt all it can about such ~dh1ties as explora-
tiOM, eampmsr trips, hikes, cruises, trips to airport!!
and lhipyards, Re,attu. RendezyoWl, Model Plane
Meets, Swimming }4eeu, etc. The committee then When each committee hali completed its plans and
luggest! which outdoor activities it thinks will be no had them approved by the adult advisor, the
best for the coming seasonl including information as committee chairman presents the results at the next
to p..)s.sible tim". place, trl!mSJ!Ortation, expenses and regular \L7Ut meeting. AU members discuss the rela-
Qth~r info:rmation to help members decide the events
tive merits of each committee's :report. After tho;rc)l..l.gh
tht',!y would like mOlt. discussions, each suggestion jg tu a vote, and
thus a long-range Senior Scout Program comes into
being.
'This vote does not end the work of the committee.
The S~l.Com.mitte!! is an all-important one it Each {")mmitte~ now completes .!l:n;"angemenb for iu
the eya of ·the young men, for this is the age when part of the program.
~ and sceiru di\!lin with the girls of their ac- This development of the program by the yOU!!g men
qwdntamce occupy a great ~elll of their thought. themselves, is the best way of making Senior Scout-
Here .the hand of the adult advisor is "finn but vel- ing SENIOR. It provides every member with l!I. c..l<.ance
vet.n 't.he Sof'Jal Committee plans such events as to say what he thinks would be Ii good thing to do
theatn;: ~,. dimce!, Sentor family picnics, "daie" in the ~Nay of program, Thus he expresses himself.
entisu, Annual Co-\1ncl1 Bridge of Honor and Senior he accepts responsibility for the deeisiooZi made, he
Scoll.'t· B3lL .A..fter these m1Igestions ha....e been ap- enjoys to the fullest the fun and adventure of the
pro....ed b:r the adult adwor and 'unit members. the pro;ram the gl'Oup finally agrees on, lind in these days.
~ttee :i:mI.ke; arranger~ ',nts for the events, oon- perhaps best of ill!, it places him in an f!nv;r'nnfiu~nl;
'tadini the adUlt leade,u :.:1 unit committee memo which is alivinc example ot: dem04'.:racy' in ae1tlOl~~t;;;'···
 The Senior Scouts
Build a
W HO builds the
program of a
8'1 q. c. elvuuuc, National DireC#or 0'
Senior Scout
Unit? Are you thinking proeesses of a great many 'quirements of the Pl"OIN.t'~Sea
searching your more. Scouting, such meeti.' 1~
mind for Air In order to overcome this diffi- have to do with navi~k.'"
Scout Programs, Mr. Squadron culty, the Senior Scouting Plan of of sailing, rope work. ~_,;iala}
Leader, while your Air Scouts sit Program building has been de- road, sea history, grounCltackle,
by listlessly wishing they could do vised. Nothing could be more types of boats, compa.; J'igging,
some of the things they would like democratic, more all-inclusive, or etiquette, bell time, watches, and
to try? more thoroughly practical than signalling; while in Air Scouting,
When Senior Scout Units seem the committee system which is airplane engine, principles of aero-
to be lacking interest and enthu- used by the Air Scouts, Explorer dynamics, instruments, streamlin-
siasm for their meetings, an in- Scouts, and to a considerable de- ing, weather, radio, airplane de-
vestigation usually discloses the gree by the Sea Scouts. sign, and model building would
jpader is trying to do everything Experience has demonstrated take up the time.
himself. A good thing for all lead- that program activities center Service Projects will follow
ers to remember is that, so far as around four principal themes: , much the same plan for all. They
is known, no program for young a. Special learning projects may be for individuals, institu-
folks of the age of Senior Scouts chiefly concerned with vo- tions, or communities. Th<l" must
Mgc evt!l' c bet!n successful for allY cations, hobbies and self- be big and importanteIioug!l ~
great length of time unless the improvement challenge the men in the un t,
members themselves approved the b. Vigorous, adventurous, out- and for that reason should not be
i program, planned the meetings, dO'or activities duplications of ordinary SCO~lt
! and carried them out. c. Social affairs in which both Service or good turns. Regatta
:t Probably one of the most dif- young men and women are service, water front good turns for
ficult things for the average leader included Sea Scouts; Model Air Scout mi?et
to understand is that his Senior d. Opportunities for service to assistance, help at Air fields and at
Scouts are rapidly growing up and others. aviation functions for Air Scouts,
arc determined to assume the re- A balanced program for a Senior and Camp improvement, or Nature
sponsibility for the conduct a:1d Scout Unit should include all four study instruction for Explorer
management of their own affairs. of these in amounts varying ac- Scouts are typical of Services of
Consideration of attitudes and cording to the desires of the mem- the various types.
ideas of young men of this age bers of the Unit, the part of the Emergency Service work, safety
will reveal the fact that they arc country in which they are located, projects, First Aid instruction or
interested in a great many things, and the general season of the year. 1raffic survey,J on the other h,~nd
that their interest changes rapidly In general. special learning and would appeal to all Senior SC'TdtS.
and constantly because of new self-improvement projects, which The vigorous, adventurous, out-
ideas and new information that are usually the theme of indoor door program would consist of
they acquire. Furthermore, no onc meetings, will cover such things those things which appeal to :1ny
person is able to understand a:l as the making of equipment, red-blooded American. such as
the motives, desires, and impulses special speakers on techniques of camping, cruising, hiking, canoc-
of young people. No matter how the program involved, debates, ing. sports, model airplane meets,
well he understands a few, he may contests, study of the manuals, and swimming meets, trips to his:orical
be entirely on the outside of the preparation for meeting the re- sites and places of scenic interest,

(OVER)
camp and Sea SCout base improve-
ment. and many others. Aside from .
many different people serve in var- .....arious other items. The commit-
1
ious capacities on the different tees must remember, too, that they
the fact that Sea Scouts desire to committees as is possible. With this are building a program for all ~f
cruise. and Explorers to camp in in view, the group will usually de- the members of the unit, not just
the woods. forests.· and mountains cide upon a three to six-months ~r themselves, and when their
a great deal of the outdoor ac~ period for which the programs are work is completed, one of their
ti\'ity will be identical. "
to be created by this special com- members as spokesman will pre-
Social functions, likewise. are mittee. When this time has elapsed sent for the Consid~ration and ap-
similar for all Senior Scouts. They
or the program content has been P,roval of the group the program
all like to go to parties. mo\-ies,
exhausted, committees and indeed which they ha\-e planned. If this
plcnics. hay rides. sleigh rides,
the officers of the unit may be re- program does not meet with the
dances. and any place else where
organized and a new series of pro- approval of the majority, it will
they can take their own girls or
grams to fit new conditions created. be necessary for the committee
meet some new lady friends. The
Another' thing to consider in to re ..... ise and change until their
Senior Scout Leader must make
up his mind that part of the time
he must have his S;nior Scouts'
building a program and in appoint.
ing the committees should be to
make sure that eVeTyone ha,s actire
proposals are acceptable to the
membership of the entire unit.
The committees should be gh-en
•.
glrls or he ~oll:~ have the Senior
participation in the affairs of the ample opportunity to complete
Scouts. "'" unit. It the group is small, for in- their plans. Many groups will be
With all this in mind, the Senior stance an Air" Scout or Explorer able to outline their general pro-
Scou~ Leader proceeds to organize
Patrol, it may be that each of the gram for a three-month period and
his Senior Scouts for the purpose
members will ha .....e to serve on agree on the general program to
of building a program which they
more than one committee, possiblv be followed in one evening's time.
will want to follow and which they
serving as chairman of one and On the other hanel, some groups
themselves will operate through
just a member of the other; while may want more time. Whichever
the Squadron Pilot or any other
if the group is lu~e, for instance may prove true, it is imDOrtant
young-m!in Leader of the Unit.
a full-size Sea Scout Ship or Air that each committee's repert be
Four committee chairmen are ap-
Scout Squadron, there may be presented by a· member, given
pointed or elected as the group
eight or ten membeFs on each com- careful consideration and plenty
may desire. These four committee
mittee. A good rule to follow is opportunity for discussion, and
chairmen will each have charge of
that no committee should consist finally put to a vote for adoption
developing one section of the pro-
of fewer than two people, but or rejection by the entire unit.
gram along with a number of
every member of the .unit shall Once the four ~ittee reports
Senior, Scouts themselves. The mat-
ter of deciding who shall be on
serve on at least one committee. are. accepted in general, the four
Another thing to be determined charrmen become a temporary
the various committees is very before the committees go into ses- "schedule committee" whose duty
simple. Probably for the first time it is to put the program together,
or so, it is WISe to allow the Scouts sion is hOtD often the unit -shall
hold regular meetings and how setting the date for each meeting.
to ~ tba cmpmiUe. OIl whicIl This is a relatively easy task, since
they wish to serVe. A word ftom niany of these meetings should be
devoted to each of the types of each of the committee chairmen is
the Leader pointing out the fact
activity. It is well to bear in mind thoroughly familiar with what his
that committees should be fairly
that the early enthusiasm of the committee had in mind when they
equal in size will help determine
group is likely to involve them in chose a particular theme for a
the committee on which each man
more meetings than they can pos- meeting. He knows about w!1en it
decides to serve and preven~ too ought to come in the general pr~
sibly attend. For instance, it is un-
many on one and too few on an-
wise to have a regular indoor gram plan. The report for this com-
other.
meeting every week and expect to mittee can be made early in the
Once these committees have following meeting.
have all the outdoor, social, and
been formed and the phase of the Such a Senior Scout program,
program of which they have service affairs in addition, .because
if the program is to be balanced built by the Seniors themselves
charp is clearly understood, prob~ through democratic cooperative ef-
at all, it means that from one.half
ably thro~ an explanation by fort, is bound to hold the interest
the adult leader. they should to-
to three-quarters of the work of
the unit would have to be carried of every Senior Scout. There will
gether decide the length of time be no more hours of worry on the
for which.· thetl wish' to build a
on outside the regular meetings,
and not many Senior Scouts will part of the leader as to what the
program. Here experience has Sea Scouts or Air Scouts would
have time for all.
shown that it is unwise to build like to do. They have said what
a propam for .an entire year With all these preliminary con-
siderations taken care of, an entire they want to do; they have chosen
ahead; so many things may happen the people to do it with; and since
meeting may now be devoted to
and so many interesting develop- it is their program they will be
the meeting of the committees.
ments appear through the season there to take part in it and to
each considering its own program
that they may decide to change operate it.
responsibility - choosing program
long before the time has passed.
theme, people who are to partici-
Likewise. it is advisable to have as
pate, equipment to be secured, and
 The Rope Climh -.,q MetU14 to. /In enJ
S EVERAL letters from &outen in-
dicate that the reason for the
rope climb in the ~gency Ser-
vice Corps requirements is not quite
clear. We believe that Wbtm. under-
TlfflfLY TIPS on ,
, stood, it will be a~ that this' re-
quirement is a wise one. £IlIfHGffiCY
Because they' may be eanedilpon
to carry out work of a fatig'uiDfand SfHYICf THRlfilnC
sometimes potentially d8n~ __
ture, all Scouts who beeotM!mem,.
bers of this Corps must be 1ft Heel-
lent physical condition. AJ& the ber;. National Director
gency Service Program, , . . .} to Health and Safety
develop a group 'of well~'"
physically, fit J.qung men .... ~
service in time of need, it is .......'·
that a high standard of l'eIilWitl'. _ .
is riecessary and desirable.
Aftet a careful study of ph~
development exercises which ·~t
be used as a means of building ~
arm leg and torso muscles and at
the ' same time develop agilitY
endurance, it was decided to
the hand-over,-hand rope climb:
the one mile run, both of
almost every muscle of the
develop a high degree of
tion and body control. As rope
s
ing is not an end in itself but .
to,o,
r
a means for developing physica ~
ness, it is apparent that a , Crews.
rounded course of training hr '!he wor. record
for a 2O-:fcot climb
e
s
ing is desirable.
Richard Smith of the He• •
Safety Service, who has had a
•s
1. '!l ~ r 1i1IIiIl.1·_\·-·-~~···
beli;;~·~!'"o;:nitl';::;:}~·1:":t\~.\'l?'. "
s deal of experience in
climbing, has worked out ~he
ing excellent suggestions for trairttlS

1,
~S

f-
it
11
~e

~e

id
Ilt
m
ce
!)e
to

First Training Step

SCOUTIHG 1I0VEMBm 1941

'1 o DO an eighteen-foot hand-over
. to the hands as the grip with the tice. The r.rms should always be kept
hand climb without the use of the legs legs and insteps is relaxed. When partially bent to obtain maximum
and feet for support in fifteen seconds this step has been mastered. training power. and the body :;ltvuld be t.ent
requires gradual training and a lot of moves into its third and final stage." at the hips with the knees high to
conscientious hard work. A strong eliminate waste motion in kicking.
grip is essential, along with sturdy "Scouts should strive at the begin-
arm. shoulder and stomach muscles. ning for proper form rather than
These can only be obtained through "IIAND-OVER-HAND training speed, which will automatically fol-
training and proper exercise. low. Much time should be given to
should begin using either the two

,
"Chinning is a good exercise for half-inch ropes or the larger size if practicing the foot brake for rest
the development of the grip. arms and available. Climbing by using the while climbing, and to check and
shoulders for climbing. Leg raising arms alone requires considerable stop descent. Such control is essential •
from a hanging position or from a practice, but it is much faster, as for safety. Also, a cake of magnesium,
position flat on the back· is excellent evidenced by the world record of 3.7 which can be purchased in your local
for the stomach muscl~s. The first seconds for a twenty-foot climb drug store, is a helpfui aid in climb-
training step should be practice shin- (starting from a seat on the floor). ing lope. Rubbed freely on the hands
ning a pole .( il~tration above.) . it prevents slipping.
Although the legs and feet do not
When this becomes easy eJementary touch the rope they play an im- "There are several good methods
rope work can begin. • pOl·tant part. In the climb the right of descending a rope. The important
"If the 1 %" or 1 1 2" rope. generally leg and right arm work together, thing is not to come down too fast.
considered;?as best for this purpose. is and the same is true with the left Rope burns, splinters and ripped
not available. then two half-inch ropes arm and leg (see drawing of third skin result from sliding down too
may be used. Many climbers think training step). The right leg kicks quickly, and are apt to lead to in-
two such ropes superior because of upwards vigorously from the hip and fection if not cared for promptly.
the better' grip which they afford. knee. raising the entire right side of "The easiest way to descend is to
"To start the climb. take a standing the body and making it easy for the grasp the rope tightly between the
position with harids grasping rope at right hand to get a new and higher legs and insteps of the feet, and
chin level. By alternately chinning grip on the rope as the left hand slowly let the rope slide between the
on the rope and clenching the rope supports the body weight. Then the legs as you come down hand-over-
between the legs and insteps it is left leg kicks, and the left hand hand. The rope should not slide in
not very difficult to climb eighteen moves over and above the right. the hands, and each grip should be
feet. The legs and insteps support The distance between the hands tight and firm to assure proper con-
the body as the hands get a new and should be at least three inches, and trol of the body. Two effective me-
higher grip. The chin is pulled up this distance will .increase with prac- thods of stopping are illustrated."

,
I

Above are two methods of stoppinC) in oscent or descent.

Two drowings ot .Ieft show method At riC)ht is method suC)C)ested
suC)C)ested by U. S. Forest' Service. by Scoutmaster A. E. Antes. Troop 85.
EbensburC). Po.
 from moisture. .Frequent 'bathing
not only rests and takes away the
ache !:>'..It h; necessary in order to
keep the ~t healthy. Particular
r

care shoul" be taken to keep the

spaces between the toes, the ten-
don above the heel ar.o ·he front
of the foot across the nstep thor-
oughly clean. Each daily soap and
water bath should be accompanied
. by a pe~iod of rubbmg the dead
skin from the soleE of the feet
and between the toes. Clean socks
should be put on each day.
Many authorities advise against
rulabing t.he top of the foot too
briskly. They seem to be con-
yinced that this makes the feet
tender.
On ~Your Feet Lots of foot powder between the
toes, in the socks and even in
the
shoes is desirable, and be sure that

Tlm£lY TIPS on SCOUT TRAIninG 8'1 d}., e. MdJ4 plenty is used between the toes.
A quick dip of the feet in cold
National Director water in the middle of the day is
Health and Safety Service refreshing. An Epsom salts bath
ffTHEbetween
most striking difference
a good army and a
ALSO help win the war. Three at night is a luxury for tired ach-
prime factors of insuring healthy ing' feet.
poor one," says a much-read feet are: (1) Shoes and stockings
military authority, "is the power Infection
that fit, (2) Clean feet and socks,
to march long distances and arrive and (3) Freedom from infection. Because the feet are so difficult
fit for battle." to keep clean they are easily in-
Shoes That Fit fected. Any break of the skin must
Im't that also a pretty good
The army still uses the old be cared for at once. Blisters
measure of a Scout's outdoor
method of putting on new shoes should not be broken except by a
ability-to be able to hike far and
and then soaking the feet in water doctor.
to have plenty of "what it takes"
left when he arrives at his destina- for five minutes, then walking The Handbook for Boys states
around until the feet are dry. This this on blisters:'
tion?
makes the shoe conform to the "One of the greatest of America's
Let's make no mistake about the many splendid industrial surgeons
shape of the foot but it will not
importance of foot care and foot has this to say on the subject:
make narrow shoes wide nor short
training to a maturing boy in this 'Blister on heel--cleanse with soap
shoes long. Hiking shoes must be
war-torn world. Right now the and water, and see the do~tor. Do
wide enough to allow for the feet
Scouts of your Troop are doing not pick blisters on heel, fingers
to swell a little and long enough
more miles of hiking than ever or hand.'
before. One of these days, every so that when heavy socks are
worn the toes won't be cramped. "And another who is outstand-
last one of them may Ibe serving ing in the field of surgery and
in the armed forces of the Coun- Slipping at the heel can be cor-
first aid, says: 'Do not open. Wash
try. When that day comes, "the rected by putting a piece of felt
with soap and water. To protect
know how" about feet may mean or folded cloth under the tongue
blister from being broken, cover,
the difference between coming of the shoe.
if small, with a strip of adhesive
back to live in peace or not com- Shoes that press against the toe tape to prevent chafing. If large,
ing back at all. Straggling from joints can and should be stretched, apply a piece of sterile gauze and
ranks more often than not results if the trouble persists after the hold in place with adhesive tape.
from sick feet that can carry their shoes have been soaked. By all means have it cared for by
load no longer, and stragglers in a doctor.'
Clean Feet
war-time are very likely to be ''If the blister has been broken,
picked up or picked off by enemy The feet, which work all of the
time when we are not resting treat as any wound with antiseptic
patrols or sharp' shooters. and a sterile dressing, and bring
either to move the body about or
Messenger Service, collection of it to the attention of a doctor.
to carry its weight, perspire very
rubber and the many other im- Those small foot injuries are
freely. This, plus the fact that the
portant services all Scouts are really dangerous and must not be
feet are close to the dust at all
carrying on require them to be neglected."
times, makes it necessary to bathe
sound of foot. Good feet will Never break a blister on the
them frequently in order to keep
them from becoming very tender' foot.
SCOUTtNG
JULY. 1942
 Athlete's foot, also known as foot powder, are less likely to con-
ringworm. but scientifically known tract It than those Who'do not.
as Dermatophytosis of the feet is Bareroot" IIazard Great
quite common. Well car.ed fvr feet The poet who wrote, ."Blessings
resist it well. Many people who on thee, little m~n, barefoot boy,
should know think that good foot etc." probably didn't know much
hygiene will prevent it. Certainly about tetanus. The danger from
those who cleanse their fe~t :' _~ a puncture wound is too great to
change their st.ockings once or allow barefooted Scouts in camp_
more each day and use plenty of Let's insist on covered feet.

SEZ THE MARINES!

P HOENIX, ARIZONA, December 18.
Newspapers this afternoon car-
ried the following' small but po-
pounds minimum for each Scout
of competing Troops and 35 mini-
mum for Emergency Service COrPs RAISE THE
tentially te~rifl9 item, boasting of members. Bags of sand may be WHO L E
the hiking' abil~ of a company of used for this purpose. Hike colirses WEIGHT OF
leatherneck parachutists: should be measured as accurately THE BODY
as possible. It is suggested that on one foot
Marines Claim qualification hikes should be four while the knee
Marching- Record to ten miles, although it may be of the opposite
San Diego, Calif., Dec. lS.-Capt. considered desirable to stick to leg is raised,
F. J. Mix, Jr., Rochester, N. Y" four-mile units. grasped with
claimed a new marching record both hands and
Friday for his company of ma- Conditioning Exercises
rine parachutists. More than 150 pulled close
leathernecks completed an over- The best training for hiking is against the body.
night forced march of 45 miles .. _ hiking (providing it is properly Repeat 25 times
in 11 hours, 35 minutes. Only done), but there are several leg
six fell out, Mix said. and change feet. Excellent for de-
and foot exercises that certainly veloping foot push and knee action,
Seems the marines averaged will help to develop that extra for stepping upon or over obstacles.
close to 3 % miles per hour (3.23 drive that makes fast, hard walk- Eventually ,add pack.
miles to be exact, or 15,961 feet). ing less exhausting: Here are three
The late John Finley, who was
Whether or not they carried packs, that have to do with the REAR
a member of the National Execu-
that's some record and a mighty FOOT PUSH. Have your Scouts
tive Board of the Boy Scouts ot
challenge to every other proud practice them at home or at the
America, Editor of THE NEW YORK
foot-soldier outfit, While the devil Troop meeting.
TIMES and a greafpedestrian, onte
do-gs-hOld it now, it is doubtful WITH FEET' wrote a chapter titled, "Traveling
they can keep it, unless they push parallel and Afoot," for the book, Art of Walk-
it forward some more. Anyway, it
slightly spread, ing*. In it he said:
will be interesting to watch it
rise on toes to "Once while suffering from o~
stretch foot by foot and maybe full height 25
mile by mile. of the few colds in my life, I
times, increase walked from the rim of the
What's the Troop walking rec- to 50. Hands
ord in your Council? Grand Canyon of the Colorado
may hang down down to the river and back (a
There may now be a national or be placed in distance of fourteen miles with
Troop walking record. If there is, hip-firm position a descent of 5,000 feet and a
I don't know about it. Probably as desired. Add 20 lb. pack when like ascent), and found myself 'v
more than one letter reporting ex- exercise becomes easy. entirely rid of the malady which t "\l
cellent achievement will be coming WITH ONE had clung to me for days. My lJ
in before long, FOOT resting first fifty-mile walk years "ago
A number of Councils are plan- on seat of kitch- was begun in despair afier a
J1lngTroop and Emer gency Corps en chair or slow recovery from the sequela
qualification hikes and contests on bench and body of diphtheria."
a District and Council basis in forward lean- We who knew this ¥een-witted
with and without standard ing position, orator, scholar and Lover of the
weight packs. push forward out-of-doors miss seeing him strid-
and up with ing rapidly uptown in sunshine,
WHEN PACKS ARE CARRIED
on such hikes, they should be of other foot 25 times. Change feet snow, or rain, walking stick in
standard weight - probably 20 and repeat. Increase gradually and hand, head up, eager, alert, vital.
eventually add pack. The mortal John Finley has gone,
SCOUTING but not the inspiration of his rich.
colorful enthusiasm.
FEBRUARY. 1943
, .Lorin" and Musse:y Publiabers. New Yorlt..