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Network Devices

The document defines and describes several common network devices: NIC, hub, switch, repeater, router, bridge, gateway, modem, and media converters. A NIC allows computers to communicate over a network using cables or wirelessly. A switch connects network segments and inspects data packets to forward them to the correct destination. A router routes information between connected networks using logical addresses.

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68 views

Network Devices

The document defines and describes several common network devices: NIC, hub, switch, repeater, router, bridge, gateway, modem, and media converters. A NIC allows computers to communicate over a network using cables or wirelessly. A switch connects network segments and inspects data packets to forward them to the correct destination. A router routes information between connected networks using logical addresses.

Uploaded by

mitalee2502
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NETWORK DEVICES

• NIC

• HUB

• SWITCH

• REPEATER

• ROUTER

• BRIDGE

• GATEWAY

NIC

A network interface card is a computer hardware component designed to allow computers to


communicate over a computer network.

It allows users to connect to each other either by using cables or wirelessly.

Most motherboards today come equipped with a network interface card in the form of a
controller, with the hardware built into the board itself, eliminating the need for a standalone
card.

SWITCH

A network switch is a computer networking device that connects network segments.


Network switches appear nearly identical to network hubs, but a switch contains more
"intelligence" (and comes with a correspondingly slightly higher price tag) than a network hub.
Network switches are capable of inspecting data packets as they are received, determining the
source and destination device of that packet, and forwarding it appropriately. By delivering each
message only to the connected device it was intended for, a network switch conserves network
bandwidth and offers generally better performance than a hub.

Switches differ from hubs in that they can have ports of different speed.

HUB

It is used to connect several computers together.

A network device the information flow is accumulated and then distributed to various groups and
users.

It can be between users on the same LAN and users on different LANs.

It is used in Star topology.

ROUTER
A router is a computer whose software and hardware are usually tailored to the tasks of routing
and forwarding.

This device routes the information packet between two or more physically or logically connected
networks.

It is different from Bridge as this uses logical address while bridge uses physical address.

BRIDGE

A bridge is a network device that connects two similar network segments together.
The primary function of a bridge is to keep traffic separated on both sides of the bridge.
Traffic is allowed to pass through the bridge only if the transmission is intended for a station on
the opposite side.
The main reason for putting a bridge in a network is to connect two segments together, or to
divide a busy network into two segments.

REPEATER

It is a device that amplifies and restores the power of a signal being transmitted on the network.

A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher level and/or
higher power, or onto the other side of an obstruction, so that the signal can cover longer
distances without degradation.

It is used in long network lines.


GATEWAY

This device usually a server is used to communicate between dissimilar networks i.e. networks
with different protocols.

e.g. to connect a LAN with Novell Netware with another LAN with Microsoft NT.

In enterprises, the gateway is the computer that routes the traffic from the workstation to the
outside world.

In homes, the gateway is the ISP that connects the user to the Internet.

MODEM

Modem (from modulator-demodulator) is a device that turns the digital 1s and 0s of a personal
computer into sounds that can be transmitted over the telephone lines of Plain Old Telephone
Systems (POTS), and once received on the other side, converts those sounds back into a form
used by a USB, Ethernet, serial, or network connection.

Modems are generally classified by the amount of data they can send in a given time, normally
measured in bits per second, or "bps".
MEDIA CONVERTERS

Media converters are simple networking devices that make it possible to connect two dissimilar
media types such as twisted pair with fibre optic cabling.

Media converters support many different data communication protocols including Ethernet as
well as multiple cabling types such as coaxial, twisted pair, multimode and single-mode fibre
optics.

Media converters are useful in connecting multiple LANs to form one large "campus area
network" that spans over a limited geographic area. As local networks are primarily copper-
based, media converters can extend the reach of the LAN over single-mode fibre up to 130
kilometres with 1550 nm optics.

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