SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION estimate 2000 Edition By Max B. Fajardo, Jr. Max B, Fajardo Jr. Architect UAP, MPA, Froject Manager IV; Regional Director DPWH; “Author of: Simplified Methods on Building Construction; Plumbing Design and Estimate, Electrical Layout and Estimate; Planning and Designers Handbook; Elements of Koads and Highways; Specifications and Contract; Project Construction Management; Mathematics of Investment and Simplified Construction EstimatePhilippines Copyright 2000 5138 Merchandising by Publisher He, ISBN ore Hos sso asd ~ ot FOREWORD The first edition of Simplified Construction Estimate was unique and a sigrificant publication. It has stimulated for the first {ime the imagination and bright ideas of planners and builders as well as laymen towards a new technique in estimating. It estab- lished a comprehensive source of data dealing with the functional analysis presented in an illustrative examples using a simple arithmetical approach The first edition however, was written during a period that marked the beginning of changes. A radical transformation from English to Metrication which was considered as the beginning of anew era of mensuration. Under such pressing condition, in order to maintain its effectiveness, the book requires adjustment and revisions to incorporate the new development and thinking. As a result, the second edition of Simplified Construction Estimate has been published in 1988. Painting, wall papering and many other new now data were introduced as a response to the many sug- gestions from those who have read the first edition. Six years later, the author stresses the need for an urgent transformation to the new development because of the belief that the ways of the past are no longer adequate. Tables and formulas were revised and improved to obtain a more intriguing results. For this third edition, the author again reiterate that he does not claim that this work in itself is perfect. In fact, he would wolcome suggestions from those who are better knowledgeable that may further enrich the contents of this 000k. MBFPREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION Estimate has always been regarded as a valuation based on pinion or roughly made from imperfect or incomplete data, a calculation not professedly exact, an appraisement; also a state- ment, as by a builder, in regard to the cost of certain work. ‘This book is intended for the last definition. As the science of, technology advances andthe demand for technologists increases educators, architects, engineers, contractors, carpenters and other workers in allied fields are becoming more cognizant of the importance and value of near accuracy even in estimates. ttis at this juncture thatthe author, in his desire to be of some help, prepared this edition as an introductory text to faciliate the studies of beginning students and other interested persons who wish an instant answer to their problems involving cost of con- struction materials. This book is, by design, an outline whose purpose is to guide those persons concerned on matters of ‘estimation, Tables and formula have been prepared with the hope that readers or users of the book will find it easy to formulate solutions to their cost problems. Illustrative examples were in- cluded to serve as visual aids for more perplexing problems. Since this is an initial attempt on the part of the author along this line of endeavor, he does not claim that this work isin itself perfect. in fact he would welcome suggestions from those who are better knowledgeable that may further enrich the contents of this book. For the present edition, the author wishes to express grateful acknowledgment for the valuable suggestions of Dean Francisca Guevara of UNEP, lriga City and Egar Tuy who read the prelimi- nary of the entire manuscript. The author likewise, wishes to express his indebtedness to the countless persons here un- named, who have contributed to the scientific and experimental background from which this book has been based, MBF TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER - 1 CONCRETE Plain and Reinforced Concrete 1 The Principles of Concrete Mixing 3 ‘The Unit of Measure 4 Concrete Proportion 7 Concrete Slab 10 Estimating Concrete Slab By The Area Method 15 ‘Square Concrete Column 19 Estimating Square Concrete Column By Linear Meter Method 2 Post and Footing 25 }0 Rectangular Column 29 -11 Rectangular Beam and Girder at 2. Circular Column 33 13 Concrete Pipe 37 (CHAPTER - 2 MASONRY 2-1 Concrete Hollow Blocks a 2-2. Estimating Cement Mortar 50 2-3 Cement Mortar For Plastering 55 2-4 Conerete Hollow Block Footing 60 2-5 Other Types of Concrete Blocks 66 2-6 Decorative Blocks 70 2-7 Adobe Stone 73 2-8 Retaining Wall 79 2-9 Rip-Rap and Grouted Rip-Rap 79 2440 Conorete Retaining Wall 83 2-41 Gabions and Mattress 35 CHAPTER - 3 METAL REINFORCEMENT at 32 33 a4 35 36 Steel Bars 87 Identification of Stee! Bars 90 Bar Splice, Hook and Bend 90 Reinforcement of Concrete Hollow Blocks 97 Tie Wire for CHB Reinforcement 101 Independent Footing Reinforcement 103