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vitamin-d-sunlights-effect-on-the-body

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 ANSWER CARD #6
Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. A 6.B
2. C 7.B
3. B 8.A
4. C 9.B
5. A 10.B

ANSWER CARD #7
Answer the following question.

ANALYSIS QUESTIONS:
1. What percentage of incoming solar energy is
absorbed by the earth’s surface? 51%
2. Why isn’t more energy absorbed by the earth’s
ANSWER CARD #8 surface? Some is immediately reflected back into
ENUMERATION space by clouds and the atmosphere itself.
Three Layers Of The Sun’s Atmosphere 3. What type of surface might reflect incoming
1.Photosphere solar radiation? Clouds, ice, and snow increase
2.Chromosphere the amount of solar radiation that is reflected.
3.Corona 4. Of the incoming solar radiation, how much is
Three Layers Of The Sun’s Interior reflected by the atmosphere? Absorbed? Six
4.Core percent is reflected and 16 percent is absorbed.
5.Convection Zone
6.Radiative Zone
Feature of the Sun
6.Sunspot
7.Solar Flare
8.Solar Prominence
9.Core

ANSWER CARD #9

SUNGLASSES

LIPBALM

SUN SAFETY

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 ANSWER CARD #3

Identification

1. PHOTOSPHERE 6.SOLAR FLARES

2. CHROMOSPHERE 7.SOLAR WIND
3. CORONA 8.CORE
4. SUNSPOTS 9.CONVECTION ZONE
5. PROMINENCES 10. RADIATION ZONE

ANSWER CARD #4
Label the diagram of
the Sun below.

CHROMOSPHERE PROMINENCE

PHOTOSPHERE
SUNSPOTS
ANSWER CARD #5
Find these words
CORE in any direction!
SOLAR FLARE

AWNING, BUILDING,
HAT, HOUSE, PORCH,
PROTECTION, SHADOW,
SUNGLASSES,
SUNSCREEN, SUN
SAFETY, TENT, TREE,
UMBRELLA

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ANSWER CARD #1
Fill in the blanks with the correct word ANSWER CARD #2
to complete the sentences. Arrange the letters to identify the term
Choose from the answers in the box. defined in each number.

Oxygen plants photosynthesis

Heat rash sunburn Rainbow vitamin D 1) ORPMNEICNSE PROMINENCES
heat stroke dehydration wind Are fiery outbursts of hot glowing hydrogen
gases.
2) ROONAC CORONA
1. Plants use sunlight to manufacture their food It is the Sun’s outermost layer.
through the process called Its temperature is the hottest among the
PHOTOSYNTHESIS . three layers.
3) LRAOS RELAFS SOLAR FLARES
2. Plants also use sunlight to break down carbon
Are violent bursts of hydrogen gas that emit
dioxide into OXYGEN.
radiation into space?
3. The oxygen that animals and people breathe 4) MORCOPSEREH CHROMOSPHERE
comes from PLANTS. It is red in colour and does not appear as
4. The Sun produces all the colours of the the photosphere. It is composed mostly of
RAINBOW. hydrogen gas.
5. The sun is important in the formation of 5) TVIECA ORPMNEICNSE ACTIVE PROMINENCES
VITAMIN D which gives us strong bones. Are violent outbursts that do not last as
6. SUNBURN makes the skin red and painful. long as the quiescent prominences?
7. DEHYDRATION is the loss of body fluids 6) CNTESEUIQ ORPMNEICNSE
because of too much heat. Are moderate outbursts that may last for
several weeks?
8. HEAT RASH is a skin irritation caused by too
7) PTOUSNSS SUNSPOTS
much sweating during hot weather.
Are dark spots found on the Sun’s
9. HEAT STROKE is a condition in which the photosphere.They were first studied by
body cannot regulate its internal Galileo using a camera obscura.
temperature. The skin becomes hot and very 8) UNS SUN
dry. It is a medium-sized star. It is around 4.6
billion years old.

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 ENRICHMENT CARD #1:
Enumeration.

1-3 The Layers Of Sun’s Atmosphere

4-6 The Layers Of The Sun’s Interrior
7-9 The Surface Feature Of Sun

ENRICHMENT CARD #2

‘Relying on someone else

without exerting any effort of
your own is just not right.
Because the one you rely on
most, can disappear, at any
time.”

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 ASSESSMENT CARD #2
Answer the following question.

ANALYSIS QUESTIONS:
1. What percentage of incoming solar energy is absorbed
by the earth’s surface?
2. Why isn’t more energy absorbed by the earth’s
surface?
3. What type of surface might reflect incoming solar
radiation?
4. Of the incoming solar radiation, how much is
reflected by the atmosphere?

“Zero is where
everything starts!
Nothing would ever be
born if we didn’t depart
from there.”

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 ASSESSMENT CARD #1
Choose the letter of
the best answer.

1. The layer that shows beyond the moon in a solar eclipse is the
a.corona b. photosphere c. radiative
zone
2. Which layer of the sun contains slow moving photons?
a.corona b. photosphere c. radiative
zone
3. Most atoms the Sun exists as
a.photons b. plasma c. light
4. Cool areas where the magnetic field disrupts the surface are
A.solar flares b. solar prominences c. sunspots
5. The energy that powers the Sun comes from
A.hydrogen fusing into helium b. radioactivity c. nuclear fusion
6. The Sun’s core is made up of solid rock.
a.true b. false
7.The Sun’s core is molten metal.
a.true b. false
8. A solar flare can knock out power grids on Earth.
a.true b. false
9. Energy travels through the radiative zone of the sun at speed of light.
a.true b. false
10. The part of Sun that we see shining is the convective zone.
A. true b. false

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 ACTIVITY CARD #5
Find these words in any
direction!

AWNING, BUILDING, HAT, HOUSE, PORCH,

PROTECTION, SHADOW, SUNGLASSES, SUNSCREEN,
SUN SAFETY, TENT, TREE, UMBRELLA

“There is no
deduction that is
superior or inferior
because there is
only one truth.”

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ACTIVITY CARD #3

Identification.

----------------- 1. the layer of the sun’s atmosphere that gives off visible light
----------------- 2. the layer of the sun’s atmosphere that has a reddish glow
----------------- 3. the layer of the sun’s atmosphere that looks like a halo during an eclipse
----------------- 4. areas of gas on the sun’s surface that are cooler than the gases around them
----------------- 5. reddish loops of gas that link parts of sunspot regions
6. eruptions that occur when the loops in sunspot regions suddenly connect
-----------------
7. a stream of charged particles produced by the corona
-----------------
----------------- 8. the center of the sun

----------------- 9. the outermost layer of the sun’s interior

----------------- 10. the layer of the sun’s interior where energy is transferred mainly by
electromagnetic radiation.

ACTIVITY CARD #4 Label

the diagram of the Sun
below.

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 ACTIVITY CARD #1
Fill in the blanks with the correct ACTIVITY CARD #2
word to complete the sentences. Arrange the letters to identify the term
Choose from the answers in the box. defined in each number.

Oxygen plants photosynthesis

1. ORPMNEICNSE
Heat rash sunburn rainbow Are fiery outbursts of hot glowing
dehydration vitamin d heat stroke hydrogen gases?
wind 2. ROONAC
It is the Sun’s outermost layer.
Its temperature is the hottest among the
1. Plants use sunlight to manufacture their food three layers.
through the process called_____________. 3. LRAOS RELAFS
2. Plants also use sunlight to break down Are violent bursts of hydrogen gas that
carbon dioxide into _____________. emit radiation into space?
3. The oxygen that animals and people breathe 4.MORCOPSEREH
comes from _________. It is red in colour and does not appear as
4. The Sun produces all the colours of the the photosphere. It is composed mostly of
_______. hydrogen gas.
5. The sun is important in the formation of 5.TVIECA ORPMNEICNSE
_________ which gives us strong bones. Are violent outbursts that do not last as
6.______makes the skin red and painful. long as the quiescent prominences?
7.______is the loss of body fluids because of 6.CNTESEUIQ ORPMNEICNSE
too much heat. Are moderate outbursts that may last for
8.______ is a skin irritation caused by too much several weeks?
sweating during hot weather. 7.PTOUSNSS
9._______is a condition in which the body Are dark spots found on the Sun’s
cannot regulate its internal temperature. The photosphere.They were first studied by Galileo
skin becomes hot and very dry. using a camera obscura.
8.UNS
It is a medium-sized star. It is around 4.6
billion years old.

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 1. Sun Damage to the Eyes
1. Food Energy Long-term, unprotected exposure to ultraviolet light
Plants have specific organs in their cells that convert sunlight to from the sun can damage the retina, which is the back of the
food energy through a process known as photosynthesis. A plant eye where the rods and cones make visual images, which are
will capture the sun’s rays in a chloroplast through a chemical then sent to the visual centers in the brain. Damage from
reaction and this conversion gives plants the ability to supply exposure to sunlight can also cause the development of cloudy
calories to all life. It is by plants that cows are fed and then the bumps along the edge of the cornea, which can then grow
humans that feed on the cows. In this way, sunlight provides the over the cornea and prevent clear vision.
source of food for all life on earth. UV light is also a factor in the development of cataracts.

2. Vitamin D 2. Heat Exhaustion

One of the amazing things sunlight provides for us is Vitamin D. According to the Centers for Disease Control and
It is absorbed through the skin and converted to a state that the Prevention (CDC), heat exhaustion is the body’s response to
body can use. It usually only requires about thirty minutes of excessive loss of water and salt, usually through excessive
sunlight a day to acquire a minimum dose. Vitamin D is sweating. People working in a hot environment are at risk of
important for the creation and maintenance of bones. It is heat exhaustion.
involved in the use of calcium in the body and performs many
other important jobs. 3. Heat Stroke
If heat exhaustion is left untreated, it can lead to heat
3. Warmth stroke. Heat stroke is the most serious heat-related illness and
Life on this planet would not be possible without the warmth can be life-threatening. According to the CDC, heat stroke
that the sun provides. Mercury and Venus have temperatures causes the body’s temperature to rise quickly and can reach up
much hotter than most earth organisms could handle. If any to 106 degree Fahrenheit within 10 to 15 minutes. Heat stroke
water existed on these planets, it would be quickly burned off as requires immediate medical attention because if it is left
steam. Yet even Mars which is the next furthest than earth from untreated, it can cause death or permanent disability. If you
the sun is so cold that it is also uninhabitable. If water would notice heat stroke, call 911 immediately.
exist on Mars and planets further out, they would be rocks of
solid ice. In fact, some of the planets are ice. Our moon gets 4. Sunburn
some of the rays of the sun, but is still so much colder than what Sunburn is widely recognized as one of the most
we have here. A combination of the radiant light of the sun common negative effects of too much sun exposure. Dr.
creating direct warmth and the atmosphere retaining and Bligard says the maximum symptoms of sunburn do not usually
distributing that heat allows plant and animal life to thrive on appear until about four or five hours after the sun exposure
this planet. occurs. Ultraviolet light is the cause of sunburn, which may
come from the sun or tanning beds.
4. Light
It takes the light of the sun eight minutes to reach us, and still it 5. Heat Rash
is only a fraction of the powerful heat generated by our star. A heat rash is a skin rash that occurs when sweats ducts
Yes, it is the obvious perk of having a sun, but we would have trap perspiration under the skin. Heat rash often takes place
nothing if there was no light. We use it to plant our crops, find during hot, humid weather and, according to the CDC, often
shelter from the predators of the night, and to pursue the things looks like red clusters of pimples or small blisters. Heat rash
we enjoy most. Without the light of the sun, there would not be develops in skin folds, elbow creases, the groin or on the neck
any life on earth. There would be no star to orbit and no heat and upper chest.
to sustain us. In short, without the life giving light of the sun, we
would be a species lost. In fact, we would not even exist. Protect Yourself
Much of the damage to our skin caused by sun exposure can
5. Precipitation be prevented. Sunscreen must be applied 20 minutes before
If it were not for the sun evaporating the water off of bodies of water,going
we out
wouldin the
not sun
haveand should
rain be reapplied
or snow as we knowafterit. two hours
The water
in the sun and after swimming or heavy sweating. You
that is turned to moist air rises into the atmosphere where it is affected by temperature to fall as the precipitation the temperature can also
protect yourself with
dictates. Without the sun, there would be droughts and most of the world would be a barren desert.UV filtering sunglasses. It’s also best to
Certainly the sun can also cause harm. It is the most common cover your skin with clothing and wear a hat with a 4-inch
source of sun cancer and has been known to prematurely age brim all around. If you are going to be outside for long
our skin. Yet these are a small price to pay for the enormous periods, sit under a cover of a building, an umbrella or a tree
benefits sunlight provides. The next time you are outside pull up that has dense shade underneath.
your sleeves to catch some Vitamin D, hug a plant, and look
around at the illuminated world created by our multifunctional
sun.
“A trick is nothing
but a puzzle mankind
came up with. If you
use your head, you
can uncover the
logical answer.”

12112
 The core is the Suns innermost layer. The core is plasma. It has a temperature of around 15 million
degrees Celsius (C). Nuclear fusion reactions create the immense temperature. In these reactions,
hydrogen atoms fuse to form helium. This releases vast amounts of energy. The energy moves towards
the outer layers of the Sun. Energy from the Sun’s core powers most of the solar system.

The radiative zone is the next layer out. It has a temperature of about 4 million degrees C. Energy from
the core travels through the radiative zone. The rate the energy travels is extremely slow. Light particles,
called photons, can only travel a few millimeters before they hit another particle. The particles are
absorbed and then released again. It may take 50 million years for a photon to travel all the way
through the radiative zone.

The convection zone surrounds the radiative zone. In the convection zone, hot material from near the
Suns center rises. This material cools at the surface, a then plunges back downward. The material then
receives more heat from the radiative zone.

The most noticeable magnetic activity of the Sun is the appearance of sunspots. Sunspots are cooler, darker
areas on the Suns surface. Sunspots occur in an 11 year cycle. The number of sunspots begins at a minimum.
The number gradually increases to the maximum. Then the number returns to a minimum again. Sunspots
form because loops of the Suns magnetic field break through the surface. Sunspots usually occur in pairs. The
loop breaks through the surface where it comes out of the Sun. It breaks through again where it goes back
into the Sun. Sunspots disrupt the transfer of heat from the Suns lower layers.

A loop of the Suns magnetic field may break. This creates solar flares. Solar flares are violent explosions that
release huge amounts of energy the streams of high energy particles they emit make up the solar wind.
Solar wind is dangerous to spacecraft and astronauts. Solar flares can even cause damage on Earth. They
have knocked out entire power grids and can disturb radio, satellite, and cell phone communications.

Another amazing feature on the Sun is solar prominences. Plasma flows along the loop that connects
sunspots. This plasma forms a glowing arch. The arch is a solar prominence. Solar prominences can reach
thousands of kilometers into the Suns atmosphere. Prominences can last for a day to several months.
Prominences can be seen during a total solar eclipse. NASAs Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) was
launched on February 11, 2010. SDO is studying the Suns magnetic field. This includes how the Sun affects
Earth’s atmosphere and climate. SDO provides extremely high resolution images. The craft gathers data
faster than anything that ever studied the Sun.
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 The Sun plays a fundamental role in our life on Earth. The electromagnetic radiation
emitted by the Sun is our primary source of energy. These electromagnetic radiations heat
the Earth’s surface which leads to the temperature gradients, and drives the climate
system. The Sun also emits continuously and sometimes explosively Plasma from its
surface. This plasma, called solar wind, carries solar magnetic fields. It forms the
heliosphere, which acts as a magnetic shield against the galactic cosmic rays. As the
galactic cosmic rays are not good for earth or near-earth space so, naturally the intensity
of these rays get reduced firstly, by the heliosphere and secondly, by the geomagnetic
field (Earth’s magnetic field). The Sun appears much more complicated and active than a
static hot plasma ball and imbibes a great variety of non stationary active processes. Such
transient non stationary processes are known as solar activities, in contrast to the so called
“quiet” Sun. Solar activity includes active transient and long lived phenomenon on the
solar surface such as spectacular solar flares, sunspots, prominences, coronal mass ejections
(CMEs) etc.

The photosphere is the visible surface of the Sun. It’s the part
that we see shining. Surprisingly, the photosphere is also one of
the coolest layers of the Sun. It is only about 6000 degrees C.

The chromosphere lies above the photosphere. It is about 2,000 km thick.

The thin chromosphere is heated by energy from the photosphere. Temperatures range from about
4000 degrees C to about 10,000 degrees C. The chromosphere is not as hot as other parts of the Sun,
and it glows red. Jets of gas sometimes fly up through the chromosphere. With speeds up to 72,000
km per hour, the jets can fly as high as 10,000 kilometers.

The corona is the outermost part of the Sun’satmosphere. It is the Sun’s halo, or crown. With a
temperature of 1 to 3 million K, the corona is much hotter than the photosphere. The corona
extends millions of kilometers into space. Sometime you should try to see a total solar eclipse. If you
do you will see the Suns corona shining out into space.
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 Explain the
Describe activities importance of the
that the sun's Sun to our solar
energy helps to system and daily
occur. lives.

Write a list of
different
advantages
anddisadvantages
of solar energy.

Identify and
To describe
explain the
what their lives
different layers
would be like
and features of
without the sun.
the Sun.

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Monica Grace Manalo
BSEd IV-A
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