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Gloria Arroyo

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo served as the President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010. Her presidency focused on economic reforms and initiatives for growth, but was marred by controversies including allegations of electoral fraud and corruption that led to impeachment attempts and widespread protests against her.

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28 views14 pages

Gloria Arroyo

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo served as the President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010. Her presidency focused on economic reforms and initiatives for growth, but was marred by controversies including allegations of electoral fraud and corruption that led to impeachment attempts and widespread protests against her.

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levirantash
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GLORIA MACAPAGAL

ARROYO
Early Life and
Background
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was born
on April 5, 1947, into a political
family; her father, Diosdado
Macapagal, served as the country's
9th president. She obtained degrees
in Economics from Georgetown
University and the University of the
Philippines, fostering a strong
foundation for her future in politics.
Political career
Arroyo's ascent through various
government roles showcased her
versatility. From serving as
Undersecretary of Trade and
Industry to becoming a Senator and
later Vice President, her experience
in different sectors laid the
groundwork for her presidency.
Presidential Tenure (2001-2010)
Assuming the presidency during a tumultuous period,
Arroyo focused on economic reforms. Her tenure saw
initiatives for economic growth, tax reforms, education
enhancement, and significant infrastructure
developments. Notable events include her declaration of
a state of emergency in 2006 amid an alleged coup plot.
Key Laws and Programs
1 Expanded Value Added Tax (EVAT): Arroyo's
administration implemented the EVAT law in 2005,
expanding the coverage of the value-added tax from
10% to 12%. The aim was to increase government
revenues for infrastructure and social services amid
fiscal challenges. Critics argued it burdened the poor.

2 Education for All (EFA) 2015: Launched in 2003, this


program aimed to achieve universal primary
education by 2015. It focused on improving access,
quality, and equity in basic education. Initiatives
included school construction, teacher training, and
textbook provisions.
Key Laws and Programs
3 State Universities and Colleges (SUCs): Arroyo
supported the establishment and improvement
of various state universities and colleges
nationwide, expanding educational opportunities
for students across the Philippines.

4 Strong Republic Nautical Highway: This project


aimed to create a network of roads, ports, and
roll-on/roll-off (RoRo) vessels to connect the
major islands of the Philippines. It improved
inter-island transportation, boosting trade and
tourism.
Key Laws and Programs
5 Botika ng Barangay: Launched in 2001, this
initiative established community pharmacies
("Botika") in barangays, providing essential
medicines at lower costs to residents in remote
and rural areas, enhancing healthcare access.

6 Expanded Senior Citizens Act: Arroyo


expanded benefits for senior citizens in 2003,
granting them more discounts on goods and
services. This aimed to support the elderly and
alleviate their cost of living.
Key Laws and Programs
7 Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program
(4Ps): Though officially launched under
her successor's term, Arroyo's
administration laid the groundwork for
this conditional cash transfer program. It
aimed to reduce poverty by providing
financial aid to poor households,
conditional on certain healthcare and
education criteria.
Controversies and
challenges
Arroyo's presidency was marred by
allegations of electoral fraud and
corruption. Multiple impeachment
attempts and widespread political
unrest arose during her time in office.
Post-presidency, she faced legal
battles and spent time under
detention due to corruption charges.
Controversies and
challenges
1 "Hello, Garci" Scandal: In 2005, a wiretapped
conversation allegedly between Arroyo and an
election official, where she was heard discussing
electoral fraud, surfaced. This led to widespread
protests and calls for her resignation.

2 Impeachment Attempts: Multiple impeachment


complaints were filed against Arroyo, accusing her of
corruption, electoral fraud, and human rights
abuses. However, none resulted in her removal from
office.
Controversies and
challenges
3 Mass Protests: Various sectors, including civil
society groups, religious leaders, and opposition
figures, organized massive demonstrations
demanding Arroyo's resignation due to alleged
corruption and electoral fraud.

4 State of Emergency: In 2006, Arroyo declared a


state of emergency amidst an alleged coup plot
and increased political unrest. Critics saw this as a
move to suppress dissent.
Legacy and Post-Presidency
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's legacy encompasses
stabilizing the Philippine economy through fiscal
reforms and infrastructure development during her
presidency. Her post-presidency saw her serving as a
congresswoman and becoming the Speaker of the
House of Representatives. While praised for economic
policies, her tenure was marred by controversies and
legal challenges, including allegations of corruption
and electoral fraud. Despite these issues, Arroyo
continued to wield influence in Philippine politics,
shaping policies and contributing to international
discussions on various socio-economic matters.
The power of one, if fearless and
focused, is formidable, but the power of
many working together is better.

GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO


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