ASSIGNEMENT

ADVANCE NURSING
PRACTICE
TOPIC- ROLE OF REGULATORY
BODIES AND PROFESSONAL
ORGANIZATIONS

SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TO
 INTRODUCTION

Regulatory bodies and professional organizations play critical roles in various industries, ensuring
standards, ethics, and professionalism are upheld. Here's a breakdown of their roles:

Setting Standards :Regulatory bodies establish and enforce standards of practice, safety, and quality for
professionals within their respective fields. These standards often cover areas such as education,
training, certification, and ongoing professional development.

Licensing and Certification :

Regulatory bodies oversee the licensing and certification processes for
professionals. They ensure that individuals meet the required qualifications and competencies to
practice in their field, which helps protect the public from unqualified or incompetent practitioners.

Consumer Protection : Regulatory bodies safeguard consumer interests by enforcing regulations that
promote transparency, honesty, and fairness in business practices. This includes measures to prevent
fraud, misrepresentation, and unethical behavior by professionals and organizations.

Continuing Education and Training : Professional organizations often provide resources, workshops, and
seminars to support the ongoing education and skill development of their members. This helps
professionals stay current with advancements in their field and maintain high standards of competence.

Advocacy and Representation :

Professional organizations advocate for the interests of their members, both
within the industry and in broader society. They may engage in lobbying efforts, public awareness
campaigns, and policy discussions to promote favorable regulatory environments and address
challenges facing their profession.

Ethical Guidelines : Both regulatory bodies and professional organizations establish codes of ethics and
conduct to guide the behavior of professionals. These guidelines outline principles of integrity, honesty,
confidentiality, and professionalism that members are expected to uphold in their interactions with
clients, colleagues, and the public.

Research and Innovation : Professional organizations often support research initiatives and promote
innovation within their fields. They may fund studies, sponsor conferences, and facilitate collaborations
among researchers and practitioners to advance knowledge and improve practices.

Dispute Resolution :
Regulatory bodies and professional organizations may provide mechanisms for
resolving disputes and grievances between professionals and clients, as well as among members. This
helps maintain trust and confidence in the profession by addressing conflicts in a fair and timely manner.
PROFESSIONAL ORGANISATION

Professional organization provides a mean through which your own professional development can be
channelised with authority because of their representative character. It provides you an opportunity
to express your view points, develop your leadership qualities and abilities and keep you well
informed of professional trends and news.

All qualified nurses must participate in their professional state and national organizations to keep
themselves informed of new developments and for upgrading the profession. Some of the
organization discussed below

are recognized at national and international level and have a great role in uplifting the nursing
profession.

INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL-INC

The Indian Nursing Council is a statutory body constituted under the Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947.
It was established in 1949. The council is responsible for regulation and Maintenance of a uniform
standard of training for nurses, Midwives, Auxiliary Nurses Midwives and Health visitors.

History

The discipline of Nursing was at a fairly mature level before the passage of the Act in 1947.

Original training in Nursing was however, started with the initiative taken at Madras in 1870's. With
the beginning of the 20th century, there were established training centers in the Presidencies of
Bombay, Madras & Bengal.

Many training centers were established in different parts of the country. There was no uniformity in
the patterns of training. There were many reasons for this:

The shortage of educated women.

The setting up of separate hospitals for the women and children as per needs of the society.

Cultural factors coming in the way of large scale.

Bombay presidency nursing association was formed in 1909.

Bombay Nursing Council was established in 1935.

Members of INC

The council is composed of representation of

State registration council.

Central of state health department.

Military Nursing Services.

Indian Red Cross Society.

Colleges and of schools of Nursing.

Health Schools & PC schools.

Trained Nurses association of India (TNAI).

Medical Council of India.

Indian medical association (IMA).

Members of Parliament. b

Organizational structure

President

Vice president

Secretory

Assistant secretory

Office staff

Office Bearers of the Council for the Year under Report

Mr. T. Dileep Kumar - President

Dr. Asha Sharma - Vice President

Mrs. Ranjeet Kaur - Secretary

Mrs. K. S. Bharati - Joint Secretary

Composition of the Council Consisting

1. One nurse enrolled in a state register elected by each State Council.

2. Two members elected from among themselves by the heads of institutions recognized by the
Council for the purpose of this clause in which training is given.

a. For obtaining a University degree in Nursing; Or

b. In respect of a post certificate course in teaching of nursing and in nursing administration.

3. One member elected from among themselves by the heads of institutions in which health visitors
are trained;

4. One member elected by the Medical Council of India.

5. One member elected by the Central Council of the Indian Medical Association.

6. One member elected by the Council of the Trained Nurses Association of India.

7. One midwife or auxiliary nurse - midwife enrolled in a State Register, elected by each of the State
Councils. In the four groups of States mentioned below, each group of States being taken in rotation
in the following order namely:
a. Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana.

b. Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra and Rajasthan.

c. Karnataka, Punjab and West Bengal. d. Assam, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu and Orissa

of Health Service, ex. . e. The Director General officio

f. The Chief Principal Matron, Medical Directorate, Army Headquarters, ex-officio.

ex-officio. g. The Director of Maternity and Child Welfare, Red Cross

h. The Chief Administrative Medical Officer (by what ever name called) of each State other than a
Union Territory, ex-officio.

i. The Superintendent of Nursing Services (by what ever name called) ex-officio from each of the
States in the two groups mentioned below, each group of States being taken in rotation in the
following order, namely:

j. a) Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh West Bengal
and Haryana.

k. b) Bihar, Gujarat, Kerala, Karnataka, Orissa, Punjab & Rajasthan.

1. Four members nominated by the Central Government, of whom at least two shall be nurses,
midwives or health visitors enrolled in a State register and one shall be an experienced educationalist.
m. Three members elected by Parliament, two by the House of the People from among its members
and the other by the Council of States from among its members.

Committees of INC

- Executive Committee of the Council to deliberate on the issues related to maintenance of standards
of nursing programs.

The Nursing Education Committee, The committee is constituted to deliberate on the issues concerned
mainly with nursing education and policy matters concerning the nursing education.

Equivalence Committee - to deliberate on the issues of recognition of foreign qualifications which is

essential for the purpose of registration under section 11(2) (a) 0(b) of the Indian Nursing Council Act,
1947, as amended.

4. Finance Committee - This is another important Sub-Committee of the Council which decides upon
the matters pertaining to finance of the Council in terms of budget, expenditure, implementation of
Central Govt. orders with respect to service conditions etc.

The Main Functions of INC

1. To establish and monitor a uniform standard of nursing education for nurses midwife, Auxiliary
Nurse-Midwives and health visitors by doing inspection of the institutions.

2. To recognize the qualification under section 10(2) (4) of the Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947 for the
purpose of registration and employment in India and abroad.

3. To give approval for registration of Indian and Foreign Nurses Possessing foreign qualification under
11(2) (a) of the Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947.
4. To prescribe the syllabus & regulations for nursing programs.

5. Power to withdraw the recognition of qualification under section 14 of the Act in case the
Institution fails to maintain its standards under section 14 (1)(b) that an institution recognized by a
State Council for the training of nurses, midwives, auxiliary nurse midwives or health visitors does not
satisfy the requirements of the Council.

6. To advise the State Nursing Councils, Examining Boards, State Governments and Central
Government in various important items regarding Nursing Education in the Country.

Function # 1 To establish and monitor a uniform standard of nursing education for nurses midwife,
Auxiliary Nurse-Midwives and health visitors by doing inspection of the institutions. Guidelines for
Establishment of New Nursing Schools / Colleges in India Approved

Guidelines for Establishment of New Nursing School or College in India Approved By INC.

1. Any organization under the Central Government, State Government, Local body or a Private or
Public Trust, Mission, Voluntary registered under

Society Registration Act or a Company registered under company's act wishes to open a school of
Nursing, should obtain the No Objection / Essentiality certificate from the State Government.

2. The Indian Nursing Council on receipt of the proposal from the Institution to start nursing
programme, will undertake the first inspection to assess suitability with regard to physical
infrastructure, clinical facility and teaching faculty in order to give permission to start the programme.

3. After obtaining the receipt of the permission to start the nursing programme from Indian Nursing
Council, the institution shall obtain the approval from the State Nursing Council and Examination
Board.
4. Institution will admit the students only after taking approval of State Nursing Council and
Examination Board.

Inspection

1. Inspection for Enhancement of Seats: Indian Nursing Council conducts inspection of the institution
once the institution is found suitable by Indian Nursing Council and on receipt of the fees and the
proposal for Enhancement of seats.

2. Periodic Inspections: Indian Nursing Council conducts periodical (after 3 years) inspection of the
institution once the institution is found suitable by Indian Nursing Council to monitor the standard of
nursing education and the adherence of the norms prescribed by INC. Institutions are required to pay
annual affiliation fees every year. However, if the institution does not comply to the norms prescribed
by Indian Nursing Council for teaching, clinical & physical facilities, the institution will be declared
unsuitable.

3. Re-Inspections: Re-inspections are conducted for those institutions, which are found unsuitable by
Indian Nursing Council. The institutions and the government are informed about the deficiencies and
advised to improve upon them. Once the Institution takes necessary steps to rectify the deficiencies,
Institution should submit the compliance report with documentary proof of the deficiencies pointed
out and re-inspection fees. On receipt of the Compliance report & fees from the institution it will be
considered for re-inspection.

4. First Inspection: First inspection is conducted on receipt of the proposal received from the institute
to start any nursing program prescribed by Indian Nursing Council. The proposal should have some
requisite documents.

Function # 2 To recognize the qualification under section 10(2)(4) of the Indian Nursing Council Act,
1947 for the purpose of registration and employment in India and abroad. Recognition of
qualifications.

Effect of qualification
Those people who were already nurses will continue to be a nurse.

Any person holding a recognized higher qualification shall be entitled to have the qualification
entered as a supplementary qualification in any State register in which he or she is enrolled, and after
the said date no person shall be entitled to have entered as a supplementary qualification in any State
register, any qualification which is not a recognized higher qualification.

A citizen of India holding a qualification which entitles him or her to be registered with any Council of
Nursing or Midwifery (by whatever name called) in any foreign country may, with the approval of the
Council, be enrolled in any State register

A person not being a citizen of India who is employed as a nurse, midwife, auxiliary nurse- midwife,
teacher or administrator in any hospital or institution situated in any State for purposes of teaching,
research or charitable work may, with the approval of the President of the Council, be enrolled
temporarily in the State register for such period as may be specified in this behalf in the order issued
by the said President: Provided that practice by such person shall be limited to the hospital or
institution to which he or she is attached.

30

Function # 3 To prescribe the syllabus & regulations for Nursing programs: Achievement so far:

Revised GNM syllabus: Implemented in all States from 2005-2006 academic year.

General Nursing and Midwifery course is the basic curse in nursing in all kinds of health care settings.
The revised syllabus incorporated following components.

6 months Internship

New subjects introduced

Increased duration to 3 and 12 years

Revised Basic B.Sc. (Nursing) syllabus: Implemented from 2005-2006 in all Universities

The revised syllabus incorporated following components

Internship added

New subjects included

New format of syllabus evolved in order to facilitate teachers and to have uniform standard of
education.

Revised Post Basic B.Sc. syllabus implemented from 2005-2006 in all Universities

Undergraduate nursing program at post basic level is a broad based education with the academic
framework, which builds upon the skills and competencies acquired at the diploma level. It is
specifically directed to the upgrading of critical thinking skills, competencies and standards of in-
service nurses for practice of professional nursing and midwifery. This revision of syllabus is in tune
with National health policy 2002 for training of graduated nurses Vis a Vis diploma nurses.

Prepared Post basic diploma in Cardio-Thoracic Nursing

Post basic diploma in Cardiac Nursing is designed to prepare specially trained Cardio - Thoracic Nurses.
The outcome programme will be to have more nurses prepared as cardio - thoracic nurses for
providing nursing care in various health care settings.

Prepared Post basic diploma in Operation Room (OR) Nursing

Nurses play a key role in the effective functioning in Operation Room Nursing is designed to prepare
specially trained Operation Room.

The outcome of the programme is to have more Pr nurses prepared as operation room nurse
effectively as a member of the operation room surgical team.

Prepared Post basic diploma in Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Nursing

Post basis in Orthopedic & Rehabilitation Nursing is designed to prepare specially trained or
Rehabilitation Nurses. The outcome of the programme will be to have more nurses orthopedic &
rehabilitation nurses providing competent care at the institutions.

Revised ANM syllabus: Implementation from 2006-2007 academic years

Components and SBA module of MOHFW including use of selected life saving drugs and intake
obstetric emergencies approved by the MOHFW.

IMNCI module for basic health workers safety guidelines for infection control practices.

Biomedical waste management policies.

Code of Ethics & Professional Conduct for Nursing Practice Developed

The code of ethics and professional conduct helps to protect the rights of individuals, families and
community and also the rights of nurses.

Prepared Practical Record Book for School and college of nursing to have nursing education in India:
This booklet is very important document for students for teachers.

Prepared case study outline

The case study format will help student for critical thinking and application through the analysis of
cases encompassing several nursing specialties in a variety of hospital, clinical and community
settings.

Prepared Laboratory Equipment and Articles

INC has prepared the minimum list of Laboratory equipment and articles including A.V aids required
for different laboratories which are essential for school / college at nursing to enhance teaching
learning activities.

Prepared Post Basic Diploma in Oncology Nursing

It is significant to train nurses on oncology nursing, Nurses need to be trained in the area of impact of
Cancer genetics, risk analysis and prevention, palliative care, long term survival, Cancer in aged,
special counseling, Pediatric Oncology, Chemotherapy and Care patients receiving radiation treatment
etc.

In this direction Indian Nursing Council has prepared one year Post Basic Diploma in Oncology Nursing
to provide specialized nursing care to the patients in the hospitals and in community.

Prepared Post Basic Diploma in Critical Care Nursing

INC has prepared one-year post basic diploma course in critical care nursing to prepare nurse
specialists to work in critical care setting. The course focuses on roles and responsibilities of nurse in
critical care setting, principles, techniques of supervision and Nursing management of patients.
Prepared Post Basic Diploma in Emergency and Disaster Nursing

The emerging trauma scenario and disaster events of mass nature has added significant strain on the
individual's life as well as the family and the social system. Illness requiring emergency care is also on
the rise. The course is prepared for the trained nurses who can be a specialized nurse in emergency
and disaster settings. The duration of this course is one year.

Prepared Post Basic Diploma in Neonatal Nursing

In the view of increase in the awareness of neonatal and maternal health, INC one year post- basic
diploma in Neonatal Nursing to provide specialized neonatal Nursing Care established.

Curriculum for Ph. D in Nursing developed

• The purpose of preparing the syllabus in doctoral education is to prepare nurse scholars who will
contribute both to the development, application of knowledge in nursing for enhancing quality of
nursing education, research, and dissemination of nursing knowledge.

Orientation workshop for Ad-hoc Inspectors Inspectors were oriented for filling up the revised
inspection proforma. Three workshops were conducted in Mumbai, Chennai and Jaipur.

Curriculum for independent Nurse Midwife practitioner developed

The Nation policy 2000 includes reduction of maternal and infant mortality as one of the socio-
demographic objective to be achieved by 2010. The single most important way to reduce maternal
death in India would be to ensure that a skilled health professional is present at every birth.

Skilled care during childbirth is important because millions of women and newborns develop serious
and hard to predict complications during or immediately after delivery.
Skilled health professions such as doctors or nurses who have midwifery skills can recognize these
complications and either treat them or refer women to health centers or hospitals immediately if
more skilled care is needed.

Function # 4 Power to withdraw the recognition of qualification under section 14 of the Act in case the
Institution fails to maintain its standards under section 14 (1)(b) that an institution recognized by a
State Council for the training of nurses, midwives, auxiliary nurse midwives or health visitors does not
satisfy the requirements of the Council.

Removal of recognition

If it appears to the council that the courses of study, training and the examinations acquired to obtain
a recognized qualification from any authority or the conditions for admission to such courses or the
standards of proficiency required from the candidates at such examinations are not in conformity with
the regulations made under this Act or fall short of the standards required

b.

a.

va
E

If it appears to the council that an institution recognized by a State Council for the training of nurses,
midwives, 1 [auxiliary nurse-midwives] or health visitors does not satisfy the requirements of the
Council, the Council may send to the Government of the State in which the authority Pro or
institution, as the case may be, is situated a ice

statement to such effect, and the State Government shall forward it, along with such remarks as it
may think fit to the authority or institution concerned and, in a case referred to in clause (b) to the
State Council also, with an intimation of the period within which the authority or institution may
submit its explanation to the State Government.

On the receipt of the explanation or, where no explanation is submitted within the period fixed, then
on the expiry of the period, the State Government shall make its recommendations to the Council.

The Council, after such further inquiry, if any, as it may think fit to make, and in a case referred to in
clause (b) of sub-section (1), after considering any remarks which the State Council may have
addressed to it, may declare,-

a. In a case referred to in clause (a) of that sub- section, that the qualifications granted by the
authority concerned shall be recognized qualifications only when granted before a specified date,

Or

b. In a case referred to in the said clause (b), that with effect from a date specified in the declaration
any person holding a recognized qualification whose period of training and study preparatory to the
grant to him of the qualification was passed at the institution concerned shall be entitled to be
registered only in the State in which the institution is situated.

The Council may declare that any recognized qualification granted outside the States shall be a
recognized qualification only if granted before a specified date.

Function # 5 To advise the State Nursing Councils, Examining Boards, State Governments and Central
Government in various important items regarding Nursing Education in the Country.

Equivalency

The university/board from where the student has acquired the qualification shall duly fill up the
transcript Proforma. The duly filled transcript Proforma will be placed before the equivalency
committee meeting; the recommendation with regard to equivalency status thereafter will be
informed to the concerned candidates.

Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947

Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947, provides for constitution and composition of the Council consisting
of the following

1. One nurse enrolled in a state register elected by each State Council;

2. Two members elected from among themselves by the heads of institutions, recognized by the
Council for the purpose of this clause in which training is given: -

a. For obtaining a University degree in Nursing; or

b. In respect of a post-certificate course in teaching of nursing and in nursing administration;

3. One member elected from among themselves by the heads of institutions in which health visitors
are trained;

4. One member elected by the Medical Council of India.

5. One member elected by the Central Council of the Indian Medical Association.

6. One member elected by the Council of the Trained Nurses Association of India.

7. One midwife or auxiliary nurse-midwife enrolled in a State Register, elected by each of the State
Councils in the four groups of State mentioned below, each group of States being taken in rotation in
the following order namely:-

a. Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana.

b. Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra and Rajasthan.

c. Karnataka, Punjab and West Bengal.

d. Assam, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu and Orissa;

8. The Director General of Health Services, ex- officio;

9. The Chief Principal Matron, Medical Directorate, Army Headquarters.

10. The Chief Nursing Superintendent, Office of the Director General of Health Services.
11. The Director of Maternity and Child Welfare, Indian Red Cross Society.

12. The Chief Administrative Medical Officer (by what ever name called) of each State other than a
Union Territory.

13. Four members nominated by the Central Government, of whom at least two shall be nurses,
midwives or health visitors enrolled in a State register and one shall be an experienced educationalist.

Amendments in I.N.C. Act 1947

The Act was amended in November 1957 to provide the following :-

1. Foreign Qualification:

a) Citizen of India holding a qualification which entitles him or her to be registered with any
registering body may, by the approval of the council, be enrolled in any state register.

b) A person not a citizen of India, who is employed as a Nurse, Midwife, ANM, Teacher or
Administrator in any hospital or institution in any state, by the approval of President of Council, is
enrolled temporarily in state register. In such cases foreign qualifications are recognized temporarily
for a period of 5 years. If one continues to practice in India, an extension of recognition should be sort
from INC.

2. Indian Nurses Register:

a) The council shall cause to be maintained in the prescribed manner a Register of Nurses, midwives,
ANM & Health visitors to be known as the Indian Nurses Register, which shall contain the names of all
persons who are for the time being enrolled on any state register.
b) Such register shall be deemed to be a public document within the meaning of the Indian Evidence
Act, 1872.

Programmes under I.N.C

1. ANM

2. GNM

3. Post Basic B.Sc. Nursing

4. B.Sc. Nursing

5. M.Sc. Nursing

6. M. Phil

7. Doctorate in Nursing

Resolutions

I. Maximum period for students to complete revised ANM and GNM course is 3 and 6 years
respectively.

II. INC resolved that maximum age for teaching faculty is 70 years subject to the condition that he/she
should be physically and mentally fit.
III. Admission to married candidate for the entire nursing programmes allowed subject to the
conditions that they should produce medical fitness certificate.

IV. Relaxation of norms to establish M.Sc. (N) programme: As per INC norm, only those institutions
can start M.Sc. programme where at least one batch of students has qualified B.Sc. (N) programme.
INC resolved apart from these institutions the super specialty hospital scan also open the M.Sc. (N)
programmes, even though the institutions are not having B. Sc.(N) Programme.

✔.

Relaxation of student patient ratio for clinical practice:1:3 student patient ratios instead of 1:5 student
patient ratios.

I. Relaxation of teaching faculty qualification to start a B.Sc. (N) programme. At least 2 M.Sc.(N)
qualified teaching faculty to be available to start BSC (N) programmes for next 4 years in order to
combat acute shortage of nursing and teachers till the position of M.Sc. (N) qualified teaching faculty
improves.

II. To maintain quality of post graduate in nursing, INC resolved not to have M.Sc. (N) programme
through distance education.

III. Institution should have its own building within 2 years of establishment

K. Maximum No. of 60 seats can be sanctioned to those institutions which are having less than 500
bedded hospitals. And 100 seats can be sanctioned to those having 500 bedded hospitals.

egistration of Additional Qualification: itiatives By I.N.C.

Teaching material for Quality Assurance Model (QAM) prepared

QAM in nursing is the set of elements that are related to each other and comprise of planning

for quality, development of objectives setting and actively communicating standards, developing
indicators, setting thresholds, collecting data to monitor compliance with set standards for nursing
practice and applying solutions to improve care INC has developed a Quality assurance programme for
nurses in India. The project was implemented in 2 hospitals in New Delhi and PGI, Chandigarh for 3
months duration. Theimpact of QAM model adopted in Chandigarh can be seen in the paper cutting
which was published in Tribune on April 19th, 2004

2. Princes Srinagarindra award

Mrs. Sulochana Krishnan, Ex- Principal of RAK College of nursing was awarded Princes Srinagarindra,
Thailand, award which is an international award to individual(s) registered nurse(s) in honour of
princess Srinagarindra, her royal highness and in recognition of her exemplary contribution towards
progress and advancement in the field of nursing and social services Mrs. Sulochana Krishnan name
was proposed by INC

from India.

3. Development of Curriculum for HIV/AIDS and training for nurses

Indian Nursing Council in collaboration with NACO and Clint on foundation is developing a curriculum
for training of nurses in HIV/AIDS areas. It will be a 6 day training programme. The pilot study was
conducted in Mumbai and Hyderabad.

4. National Consortium for Ph.D. in Nursing constituted 6 study centres recognized under National
consortium for Ph. D in nursing

MOU has been signed between INC, WHO and RGUHS National consortium for Ph.D. in Nursing has
been constituted by Indian Nursing Council (INC) in collaboration with Rajiv Gandhi University of
Health Sciences and W.H.O, under the Faculty of Nursing to promote doctoral education in various
fields of Nursing. Applications for enrolment in PhD in nursing were invited from eligible candidates
by advertising in the national leading dailies from all over the country by the RGUHS.125 appeared for
the entrance test conducted on 07th January 2007.

5. MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) Signed between INC and Sir Edward Dunlop Hospitals Ltd
for advancing standards of nursing education and practices in India to meet challenges currently faced
by Nursing. Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is signed at New Delhi on 11th April 2006
between Indian Nursing Council and Sir Edward Dunlop Hospitals (1) Ltd. for developing the strategic
framework for advance standards and investment plan for advancing standards of nursing education
and practices in India with the following objectives.

1. Provide training

2. Graduate, Post-graduate, and Ph. D courses.

3. Organizing research activities.

4. To help fill gaps in India and internationally bench marked standards of nursing education and
practice, including credentialing etc., so that Indian Nurses can directly be accepted to meet
international standards.

5. Train the faculty so as to provide high quality teaching staff to training institutes in the country.

6. Steps taken up to enter into MRA under the Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement
(CECA) between India and Singapore

This was signed in June 2005 and has come into force from 1st August 2005. It has been agreed that
India and Singapore would enter into mutual recognition agreements (MRAs) in Medical, dental and
nursing services in the health care sector

7. All State Registrars were invited to attend the two days meeting
The objective was to ensure the uniformity and to maintain the quality of nursing education in the
country. It was also aimed to understand the problem/issues of each state nursing council and evolve
consensus between INC and SNC.

8. The Indian Nursing Council (INC)

INC initiated the live register in the state of Tamil Nadu. The primary objective of the project is to
conduct nurses census i.e., to collect the data regarding number of working nurses as defined

by INC. INC decided to conduct the pilot study in the Siva ganga District of Tamil Nadu. 266 were
found trained registered nurses out of 841 nurses.

STATE NURSING COUNCILS

Registration in state nursing council is necessary for every nurse. It is necessary to be registered in
order to function officially as a professional nurse. Registration councils are functioning in all the
states of India and they are affiliated to I.N.C. A register of names of professional nurses is maintained
by each state nurses Registration Council. These names are also put into the Indian Nurses Register
maintained by the Indian Nursing Council. Nurses, midwives, auxiliary nurse midwives and health
visitors are registered. All degree holding nurses also have to get the registration in state council.

The present functions of the State Nurses Registration Council are:

1. Officially recognize and inspect schools of nursing in their states.

2. Conduct examinations.

3. Prescribe rules of conduct, take disciplinary actions, etc.

4. Maintain registers of Graduate nurses, nurses holding degrees in nursing, midwives revised
auxiliary nurse midwives or multi-purpose workers and health visitors.

The State Nursing Council is an independent body. Though the State Nursing Council functions
independently; it has to obtain approval from state government for all the By-Laws passed by it and
decisions taken. The State Nursing Councils are administratively headed by the Registrar who usually
is a nurse. There is deputy registrar who also is a nurse. There are staffs consisting Accountant and
other staff as clerks and peons to help him in his day to day work and functions. The President and
Vice- President are elected by members from amongst themselves. The elections procedures for all
the categories are laid down by statutory provisions in By-Laws of the Councils. Some of the members
on the council are still nominated by the Government whereas majority is elected by following the
electoral procedures.

Functions of the Registrar of the State Nursing Council

1. To draw a programme for examinations of various types of educational programmes at all centres
at the same time.

2. To prepare a time schedule for written and practical examinations, to prepare Roll number sheets
of students and send them to various examination centres.

3. After examiners have drawn the question papers, to get them printed under strict confidential
atmosphere.

4. To prepare examination results and communicate the results to concerned institutions.

5. To prepare the diploma certificates and registration certificates of nurses who have been qualified
for both.

6. To arrange for inspections to ascertain that the institutions are carrying out the educational
programmes as per syllabus, conditions and rules and regulations laid down by State Council.
KARNATAKA STATE NURSING COUNCIL Members of KSNC (Karnataka State Nursing Council 2007-
2012)

President KSNC & Director, Medical education-Dr. A. R. Aruna

Vice President - KSNC-Dr. G. Kasthuri

Nurse Registrar, KSNC Maninarayanappa Sri B.N.

President, Karnataka medical council-Dr. Chikkananjappa.

The President, Indian Medical Association (Karnataka Branch)

Functions of Karnataka State Nursing Council

Regulation of training programme of the diploma,

Graduate and Post Graduate Courses.

Supervision of the practice of the profession by its Member.

Granting recognition to the training institutions and periodical Inspection there on, as the Council is
governing authority of physical and clinical facilities in almost all the nursing courses conducted in the
institution.

Prescribing syllabus and curriculum for various nursing courses and conducting qualifying
examination.
Registration and granting certificate to qualified persons to practice their profession and to watch and
take action against practice of profession by quacks and check mal - practice as well and to take
action.

The Council is as per the Act headed by Director, Health & Family Welfare Services as its President,
and has in its Membership in the Council.

The Superintendent of Nursing Services/Assistant Director, Nursing are the Vice - President of the
Council and both are duly elected by the members of the council under section 5 of the Act.

Duties of Registrars

Registrar Administration & Finance

1. All matters of administration and finance of the nursing council.

2. Convening Nursing Council meeting

3. Registration, renewal

4. Recognition of Nursing Schools, Licensing of Nursing Establishment.

5. Legal matters.

6. Conducting Elections.

Nurse Registrar
1. All matters connected with the Examinations of General Nursing Midwife, ANM, and Health Visitors
etc.

2. Convening Examination Board Meeting & declaration of results.

3. Setting up of syllabus, conducting workshop & seminars and implementation of new syllabus.

4. Preparation of guides, curriculum and other rules of all nursing education, INC, prepared syllabus
approval etc.

5. Issuing of examination certificates.

6. All other technical matters connected with nursing services and education in the state.

7. Defining the job responsibilities of each and every category of Nursing.

3. Admission Approval.

TRAINED NURSES ASSOCATION OF INDIA (TNAI)

The T.N.A.I. is the national professional association of nurses. The association had its beginning in the
association of nursing superintendents which was founded in 1905 at Lucknow. The organization
composed of 9 European Nurses holding administrative post in hospital. They saw the need to
develop nursing as a profession and also provide a forum where professional nurses meet and plan to
achieve these ends. The first president was Miss Allen Martian. First Secretary: Miss Burn.

Objectives
a. Uphold the dignity and honour of nursing profession.

b. Promote a sense of espirit de-corps among all the nurses.

c. Enabling member to take counsel together on matters relating to their profession.

The association of nursing superintendents therefore sought the help and co-operation of nurses
throughout the country. A decision was made in 1908 to establish a trained nurses association at the
annual conference at Bombay and accordingly association was inaugurated in 1909.

These two organizations operated under the same leadership until 1910, when TNA elected its own
officers. In 1922, the two organizations were brought together as the -Trained Nurses Association of
India. The aims of TNAI are similar to those of original organization. These aims centre on the needs of
the individual and the problems of the nursing profession as a whole.

These Aims Include the Following

1. To standardize, upgrade, develop nursing education and to elevate nursing education. Development
of various colleges of nursing in the different states of India is a result of this function of the national
organization of nursing that is, the TNAI. Thus the TNAI has contributed greatly to meet this aim.

2. To improve the living and working conditions o the nurses and also develop the educationa
conditions available for nursing. To improve th economic standards of the nurses in India.

On

he
as

on

The state government in every state has been directed by TNAI to appoint a nurse as the nursing
director.

3. To provide registration for qualified nurses and to provide reciprocity of registration within
different state in the country and within different countries. The TNAI has established the following
organization.

The association has established the following organizations:

a. Health visitor league (1922)

b. Midwives and auxiliary nurses: Midwives Association (1925)

c. Student Nurses Association (1929-30)

g

1 Membership

The membership consists of:

Full Members: Fully qualified Registered Nurses

Associate Members: Health visitors, midwives and A.N.Ms.

Affiliate Members: Student nurses and members of the affiliated organizations e.g. Christian nurses'
league. Membership of TNAI is obtained by application and submission of copy of one's state
registration certificate. One can apply for a life membership.

Benefit From T.N.A.I. Membership

1. Various professional issues like representation to central pay commission.

2. Holding National level conferences, scientific and business sessions.

3. Low cost publications for members and students.

4. Continuing education programmes for updating knowledge on various topics at regular intervals.

5. Socio-economic welfare programmes for destitute members.

6. Research studies conducted regularly for the benefit of the members.

7. At home with patron of TNAI member at Rashstarapati Bhawan every year on nurses day
celebrations.

8. Scholarship for TNAI member and students nurses.

9. Annual grant to state branches to hold activities.

A Concise Text Book of

10. One fourth railway concession for TNAI members.

11. The guest room facilities at the headquarters and also in some states.

Publications

Hand Book of T.N.A.I., published in 1913 Nursing Journal of India published monthly.

WHO Day, International Nursing Day and International Women's Day and other related activities are
celebrated with the initiative of T.N.A.I. in all states of country.

STUDENT NURSES ASSOCIATIONS (S.N.A.)

The student nurses associations was established in 1929 which is a nationwide organization. In 1954,
SNA celebrated its silver jubilee and number of unit was 117. Now SNA has more than 506 units.
S.N.A. has separate biennial conference. There is a full time secretary for SNA at national level.
Objectives of S.N.A

1. To help student uphold the dignity and ideals of the profession for which they are qualifying.

2. To promote a corporate spirit among students for the common good.

3. To furnish nurses in training with advice in their case of study leading to professional qualification.

4. To encourage leadership ability and help students to gain a wide knowledge of the nursing
profession in all its different branches and aspects.

5. To help the student to increase their social contacts and general knowledge in order to assist them
to take their place in the world when they have finished their training.

. To increase professional, social and recreational developments and arrange meetings, games and
sports.

- To provide a special section in the "Nursing Journal of India" for the benefit of students.

To encourage student to compete for prizes in the student nursing exhibition and to attend national
and regional conferences.

ne whole organization of SNA is similar to that of NAI. Local units are established in the institution.

The Diary of various events is kept by SNA Secretary. The diary for all the students are presented at
the time of national conferences, the diaries from all the units are presented. Later on, the SNA unit
moves to the national level as the TΝΑΙ.

Management of S.N.A
The governing body of the association shall be the council of TNAI which will receive the
recommendations of the General Committee of the SNA for consideration.

The General Committee of SNA shall consist of:

1. President of TNAI or one of the Vice-President if President wishes to delegate this responsibility.

2. Vice Presidents of SNA State Branches, Treasurer of TNAI, National SNA Advisor who must be a full
member of TNAI, State SNA advisor.

3. Branch SNA Advisors, Secretaries of SNA State Branches, Secretary General of TNAI.

The General Committee shall meet once in a year at time of TNAI council meeting. SNA General Body:
At National Level Comprises

i) Members of SNA General Committee.

ii) 3 representative from each unit i.e. SNA Vice President, SNA Secretary and SNA Advisor.

iii) All SNA delegates attending the conference.

SNA General Body at State Level

It consists of
i) State SNA Executive Committee Members (State Branch President, Vice President, Advisor,
Secretary, Treasurer and Programme Chairperson).

ii) SNA Unit representative (Vice President, Secretary, SNA Advisor).

Each SNA Unit should elect its own members of Executive Committee in its GBM (General Body
Meeting) and these members are SNA Unit Advisor, Vice President, Secretary, and Programme
Chairperson. The SNA General Body Meetings should be held at regular intervals, the agenda for these
meetings will be according to the needs of unit members and objectives of SNA. SNA unit advisor is
responsible to see that as soon as a nurse has graduated, she is given an SNA to TNAI form for
membership in TNAI. This form must be signed by

the Nursing Head of the Institution and sent to Secretary General of TNAI.

Membership

The student nurse can obtain membership of student nurses Association during their training period
and SNA membership can be transferred to TNAI membership. The membership fee in SNA is quite
less, which is easily met by the nursing student. They can take membership in TNAI after completion
of basic education by obtaining a certificate from the institution in which they have studied within 6
month after completion of studies.

Activities of S.N.A

A wide variety of activities are encouraged for S.N.A. Keeping in view the objectives of association and
to strengthen curricular and co-curricular components as follows.

A. Organization of meetings & conferences

At the TNAI conference two representatives of SNA from each state are invited as observers and these
students representative are vice- president and secretary of the state branches. They are invited to
attend business meetings as observer. Three to four days conference is held for SNA members
biennially. Member discuss and find solution for various problem faced by the students. These
conferences are held biennially at state level. At the units usually the meeting is held monthly or bi-
monthly.

B. Maintenance of diary

This is a biennial record book drawn up for the use of unit secretaries. The diaries are assessed
annually by the state and SNA advisers. Two best diaries are sent by state to the national SNA advisor
for biennial evaluation and awards. These diaries are assessed for professional, educational, extra-
curricular, social, cultural and recreational

aspects.

C. Exhibition

Exhibition is very useful and a very popular activity of the association. All categories of students are
eligible to participate either individually or in groups. They can prepare models, charts & posters on
the subjects taught in their course of studies. After, their activity is competed at the

state level one best entry under each category and section is entertained at national level.

D. Public speaking and writing

Public Speaking and writing are encouraged to increase self-confidence and help them gain skill in
communication through debates, panel discussions and seminars. Students are also encouraged to
write for 'Nursing Journal of India' on professional topics.

E. Project undertaking
At the time of celebration of international nurses' day, students are given project work on health
related topics. Regular project work is also given by the institution to students.

F. Propagation of nursing profession

Other professional and general public should be invited to celebration of professional and non-
professional activities such as nurse's week, WHO day. The other activities such as variety
entertainment programme, game, sports etc. are organized by nurses to acquaint general public with
nursing profession.

G. Fund raising

To meet the expenses at head quarter and SNA state level unit, it is necessary to raise the fund
through voluntary donations.

H. Socio cultural and recreation activities

To channelize your student energy, fine arts activities such as drama, dance, music and painting are
arranged and competitions are also held at state and national level. Sports and games competitions
are also held.

Other activities

These can be in the form of quiz on general knowledge and professional topics, article writing, poetry
writing, smile competitions etc. Hobbies such as sewing, stitching, knitting etc. should also be
arranged.

INTERNATIONAL PROFESSIONAL ORGANISATIONS: INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF NURSES (ICN)

Mission

To represent nursing worldwide, advancing the profession and influencing Health policy.

The ICN is federation of national nurses association (NNAs), representing nurses in more than 128
countries. Founded in 1899, ICN is the world's first and widest reach international organization for
health professionals. Operated by nurse for nurses, ICN works to ensure quality nursing care for all,
sound health policies globally, the advancement of nursing knowledge and the presence of world
wide respected nursing profession and a competent and satisfied nursing work force.

ICN Goals

1. To influence nursing, health and social policies, professional and socio economic standards
worldwide.

2. To assist national nurses associations (NNAs) to

improve the standard of nursing and the competence of nurses.

3. To promote the development of strong national nurses associations.

4. To represent nurses and nursing internationally.

5. To establish, receive and manage funds and trust which contribute to the advancement of nursing
and of ICN.

In shorts 3 main goals

To bring nursing together worldwide.

To advance nurses and nursing worldwide.

To influence health policy.

Core values

1. Visionary leadership.

2. Inclusiveness.

3. Flexibility.

4. Partnership.

5. Achievement.

The ICN code for nurses is the foundation for ethical nursing practices throughout the world. ICN
standard, guidelines and policies for nursing practices, education, management, are globally accepted
as per basis of nurse's policy. ICN advances nursing, nurses and health through its policies,
partnership, advocacy and leadership development, ICN is particularly active in:

Professional nursing practice

Advanced nursing practice.

HIV/AIDS, TB and malaria.

Women's health.

Primary health care.

Family health.

• Safe Water.

Nursing regulations

• Code of ethics, standards and competencies.

• Continuing Education.

Socio economic welfare for nurses

Occupational health and safety.

Human resources planning and policies.

Career development.

International trade in professional services.

Governance of ICN Meetings

ICN meets every 4 years. The quadrennial meetings are called as "Congresses" and when they are in
session, the organization is called as the International Congress of Nurses.

The ICN board of directors and is comprised of the president, three vice president and 11 members
elected on the basis of ICN voting area.

ICN Organizational Chart

Council of national representatives (CNR).1 voting member from each of the 124 member
associations.

ICN board of directors. 15 members elected by CNR.

ICN personnel

Flow Chart - 1.4

Function

1. To provide policy directions to fulfil the objectives of ICN

2. To establish categories of membership and determine their rights and obligations.

3. To act upon recommendations of the board of directors relating to admission and readmission of
member associations into ICN.

4. To receive and consider information from the board regarding ICN activities.

5. To receive nominees for the board and to elect the board.

6. To act upon proposed amendments to ICN constitution.

7. To act upon recommendation of the board of directors for the amount of NNA's dues.

8. To act through mail or any written communication on ICN business that requires immediate
attention.

Publication

International Nursing Review.

AMERICAN NURSES ASSOCIATION (Α.Ν.Α.)

Established: 1911

Purpose: To improve quality of nursing care

Activities

Establish standards for nursing care.

Develop educational standards.

Promote nursing research.

Establish a professional code of ethics.

Oversee a credentialing system.

Influence Registration affecting health care.

Protect the economic and general welfare of registered nurses.

Assist with professional development of nurses by providing continuing education programme.

Membership

Federation of state nurses association

Individual registered nurses can participate in

ANA by joining their respective state nurses association.

Publication
American journal of nursing.

American Nurses.