PIPRAMS

LESSON PLAN ON
TOPIC: BLOOD PRESURE
SUBJECT: FON
 IDENTIFICATION DATA
 NAME OF THE TEACHER: Mr. Aakash Gupta
 NAME OF THE SUBJECT: Fundamental of Nursing
 NAME OF THE TOPIC: Blood Pressure
 GROUP OF THE STUDENTS: G.N.M 1st Year
 SIZE OF THE GROUP: 50
 DATE AND TIME OF PRESENTATION: 10:00-11:00A.M
 VENUE/PLACE OF PRESENTATION: G.N.M 1st Year
 DURATION OF TEACHING: 1 Hour
 AVAIDS: Chalkboard, Flashcards, Pamphlets, Leaflets
 PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE TOPIC: The students have some basic knowledge of Vitals signs.
 GENERAL OBJECTIVES:At the completion of the class the group will be able to gain the knowledge of blood pressure, definition, purposes,
procedure and practice knowledge of how to take BP.

 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:At the end of the class group will be able to:

 Define Blood Pressure.

 List down the purposes of Blood Pressure.
 Explain the types of Pressure.
 Describes the scientific principles of Blood pressure.
 Enlist the Articles used to Measure BP.
 Describe the Procedure to take BP.
 Explain the Alteration in BP.
 Explain the preventions of Hypertension and Hypotension.
S.No TIME SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE CONTENT TEACHER EVALUATION
ACTIVITY
Define BP?
1 5min Define Blood DEFINITION Lecture cum
Pressure discussion
Blood pressure is the force that
moves blood through
the circulatory system. It is an
important force because oxygen
and nutrients would not be pushed
around the circulatory system to
nourish tissues and organs without
blood pressure.

Blood pressure is also vital

because it delivers white blood
cells and antibodies for immunity.

Blood itself carries a number of

other properties, including its
temperature. It also carries one of
the defenses against tissue
damage, the clotting platelets that
prevent blood loss following injury.

2 5min List down the PURPOSES Lecture cum What are some of
purposes of Blood  Accurate blood pressure discussion the purposes of
Pressure. measurement is therefore
BP?
vital in the prevention and
treatment of blood-
pressure–related diseases.
 In very ill patients, accurate
measurement of blood
 pressure is essential for
monitoring cardiovascular
homeostasis.

3
5min Explain the
TYPES OF PRESSURE
Types of Pressure. Lecture cum List down the
 Systolic blood pressure is
the pressure when the heart discussion types of
beats – while the heart pressure?
muscle is contracting
(squeezing) and pumping
oxygen-rich blood into the
blood vessels.
 Diastolic blood pressure is
the pressure on the blood
vessels when the heart
muscle relaxes.

4
10min Describes the PRINCIPLES Lecture cum What are the
scientific principles All sphygmomanometers rely on discussion principles of BP?
of Blood pressure. the principle that when a cuff
containing a hollow rubber air
bladder is wrapped around a limb
and the cuff is inflated, the
pressure in the bladder is equal to
the pressure on the artery under
the cuff.

5
5min Enlist The Articles ARTICLES Lecture cum What are the
used to measure BP  Sphygmanometer discussion articles used to
  Piece of paper measure BP?
 Stethoscope

6.
15min Describe the PROCEDURE Lecture cum What is the
Procedure to take A blood pressure reading is discussion procedure to take
BP. usually taken while a person BP?
is seated in a chair with the
feet flat on the floor. The
arm should rest comfortably
at heart level.

The blood pressure cuff

goes around the top part of
the arm. The bottom of the
cuff is just above the elbow.
It's important that the cuff
fits. Blood pressure readings
can vary if the cuff is too big
or too small.

Blood pressure readings can

be taken with the help of a
machine. This is called an
automated measurement.
When a machine isn't used,
this is called a manual
measurement.
  For a manual blood
pressure measurement,
the care provider places
a stethoscope over the
major artery in the
upper arm (brachial
artery) to listen to blood
flow.

 The cuff is inflated with

a small hand pump.

 As the cuff inflates, it

squeezes the arm.
Blood flow through the
artery stops for a
moment.

 The health care

provider opens a valve
on the hand pump to
slowly release the air in
the cuff and restore
blood flow. The provider
7. 10 min. Explain the continues to listen to Lecture cum What is
Alteration in BP. blood flow and pulse discussion Hypotension?
and records the blood
pressure.

For an automated
measurement, the blood
 pressure cuff automatically
inflates and measures the
pulse. In this case, a
stethoscope is not needed.

It takes about one minute to

get a blood pressure
measurement.

HYPERTENSION
Hypertension is when blood
pressure is too high. Blood
pressure is written as two numbers.
8. 10 min. Explain the The first (systolic) number
preventions of represents the pressure in blood Lecture cum What are the
Hypertension and vessels when the heart contracts or disscussion prevention of
beats. The second (diastolic)
Hypotension number represents the pressure in Hypertension?
the vessels when the heart rests
between beats

HYPOTENSION
This is a sudden drop in blood
pressure when standing from a
sitting position or after lying down.
Causes include dehydration, long-
term bed rest, pregnancy, certain
medical conditions and some
medications. This type of low blood
pressure is common in older adults.

PREVENTION OF HYPERTENSION
High blood pressure can often be
prevented or reduced by eating
healthily, maintaining a healthy
weight, taking regular exercise,
drinking alcohol in moderation and
not smoking.

PREVENTION OF HYPOTENSION

Drink more water. Fluids increase

blood volume and help prevent
dehydration, both of which are
important in treating hypotension.

CONCLUSION
Blood pressure is recorded as two
numbers, such as 120/80. The
larger number is the pressure in the
arteries as the heart pumps out
blood during each beat. This is
called the systolic blood pressure.
The lower number is the pressure
as the heart relaxes before the next
beat.
The measurement of blood
pressure is one of the most
commonly performed procedures in
clinical medicine and should be
done carefully. The main causes of
misleading readings should be
highlighted in training.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Lawes CM, Vander Hoorn S,
Rodgers A, International
Society of Hypertension.
Global burden of blood-
pressure-related disease,
2001.
 National Institute for Health
and Care Excellence (NICE).
Hypertension: Clinical
Management of Primary
Hypertension in Adults
(Update). Clinical Guideline
127 (CG 127). London: NICE;
2011.
 I Clement , Fundamentals of
Nursing,2nd Edition Jaypee
Publisher.
 www.wikepedia.com
 Medline.plus