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Circuit Breakers Types With Details

The document discusses four main types of circuit breakers: oil, vacuum, air blast, and SF6. It provides details on their components, operation, advantages, and disadvantages.

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24 views21 pages

Circuit Breakers Types With Details

The document discusses four main types of circuit breakers: oil, vacuum, air blast, and SF6. It provides details on their components, operation, advantages, and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

MEGHA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Types of circuit breakers


1. Air Blast circuit breaker
2. Vacuum circuit breaker
3. Oil circuit breaker
4. SF6 circuit breaker
• Comparison of Airblast, Vacuum, Oil, SF6.
• Testing of circuit breakers.
Types Of Circuit Breakers
1. Oil Circuit Breakers

2. Vacuum Circuit Breakers

3. AirBlast Circuit Breakers

4. SF6 Circuit Breakers


1. OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER
• It is designed for 11kv-765kv.
• These are of two types
❑ BOCB (Bulk oil Circuit Breaker)
❑ MOCB (Minimum oil Circuit
Breaker)

• The contacts are immersed in oil


bath.
• Oil provides cooling by hydrogen
created by arc.
• It acts as a good dielectric
medium and quenches the arc.
1. OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER
Advantages:
• Oil has good dielectric strength.
• Low cost.
• Oil is easily available.
• It has wide range of breaking capability.

Disadvantages:
• Slower operation , takes about 20 cycles for arc
quenching.
• It is highly inflammable , so high risk of fire.
• High maintenance cost.
2. VACCUM CIRCUIT BREAKER
• It is designed for medium voltage range (3.3-33kv).
• This consists of vacuum of pressure (1*10-6) inside arc
extinction chamber.
• The arc burns in metal vapour when the contacts are
disconnected.
• At high voltage , it’s rate of dielectric strength recovery is very
high.
• Due to vacuum arc extinction is very fast.
• The contacts loose metals gradually due to formation of metal
vapours.
3. AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKERS
• This operates using high velocity blast of air
which quenches the arc.
• It consists of blast valve , blast tube &
contacts.
• Blast valve contains air at high pressure.
• Blast tube carries the air at high pressure &
opens the moving contact attached to spring.
• There is no carbonization of surface as in VCB.
• Air should be kept clean & dry to operate it
properly.
3. AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKERS
3. AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Advantages:
• High speed operation as compared to OCB.
• Ability to withstand frequent switching.
• Facility for high speed reclosure.
• Less maintenance as compared to OCB.

Disadvantages:
• Little moisture content prolongs arcing time.
• Pressure should be checked frequently for frequent
operation.
• Risk of fire hazards due to over voltages.
• It can’t be used for high voltage operation due to
prolonged arc quenching.
AIRBREAK CIRCUIT BREAKER
4. SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKERS
• It contains an arc interruption chamber containing SF6
gas.
• In closed position the contacts remain surrounded by
SF6 gas at a pressure of 2.8 kg/cm2.
• During opening high pressure SF6 gas at 14 kg/cm2
from its reservoir flows towards the chamber by valve
mechanism.
• SF6 rapidly absorbs the free electrons in the arc path to
form immobile negative ions to build up high dielectric
strength.
• It also cools the arc and extinguishes it.
• After operation the valve is closed by the action of a
set of springs.
• Absorbent materials are used to absorb the byproducts
and moisture.
4. SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKERS
4. SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Advantages:
– Very short arcing period due to superior arc quenching property
of SF6.
– Can interrupt much larger currents as compared to other
breakers.
– No risk of fire.
– Low maintenance, light foundation.
– No over voltage problem.
– There are no carbon deposits.

Disadvantages:
– SF6 breakers are costly due to high cost of SF6.
– SF6 gas has to be reconditioned after every operation of the
breaker, additional equipment is required for this purpose.
Comparison of Circuit Breakers

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