Name of Learner Grade Level

Section Date

TECNHOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (ELECTRICAL

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 7
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET WEEK 1

LO1. Prepare Electrical Materials and Tools

A. Background Information
What are Electrical Tools and Materials?
 Electrical hand tools – is any tool that is powered by hand without motor. Categories of
hand tools include wrenches, pliers, cutters, files, striking tools, struck or hammered tools,
screwdrivers, vises, clamps, snips, saws, and knives, etc.

The following are common electrical tools and equipment needed in the installation of electrical
wiring.

1. Wrenches-are used to turn screws, nuts, and bolts with hexagonal or six-sided heads. A variety
of wrenches are used in the shop.

A. Adjustable wrench B. Adjustable Wrench (Channel Lock) C. Pipe wrench

2. Pliers- These tools are made from metal with insulators in the handle and are used for cutting,
twisting, bending, holding, and gripping wires and cables.

A. Combination Pliers B. Side Cutting Pliers C. Long Nose Pliers

3. Hammers- These are tools used in driving or pounding and pulling out nails. They are made of
hard steel, wood, plastic, or rubber.

A. Claw Hammer B. Mallet (Rubber Head)

 4. Screwdrivers- are used to drive or turn screws. The common type has a single flat blade for
driving screws with slotted heads. The other type has the cross slotted head.

A. Standard screwdriver B. Philips screwdriver

Note: refer to use other search materials/multimedia platforms (i.e youtube, google, etc) for reference of
other electrical tools.

 Electrical materials are developed and constructed for a special purpose, such as to:

a. control the flow of current in an electrical circuit.

b. carry electrical current from the source to the load or current consuming apparatus.
c. hold and secure wires to its fixtures inside and outside houses and buildings; and
d. protect houses, buildings, appliances, and instruments from destruction and damage.

The following are common electrical materials needed in the installation of electrical wiring:

MATERIALS AND DESCRIPTION PICTURES

1. Convenience outlet- a device that acts as a convenient source of electrical energy for current
consuming appliances. It is where
the male plug of an appliance is inserted and is usually fastened on the wall or connected in an extension
cord. It may be single, duplex, triplex, or multiplex and could be surface type or flush type.

Surface type (duplex)

2. Male plug- a device inserted to a convenience outlet to conduct electric

current. A flat cord is attached to it on one end and the other end are connected to a current-consuming instrument or applia

Male plugs
 3. Lamp holders- devices that hold and protect the lamp and are also called Lamp Sockets/Receptacles. These come in m
flush, hanging (weatherproof/chain), and surface types.

Flush type

Surface type

4. Switch - a device that connects and disconnects the flow of electric current in a
circuit. There are many shapes, designs, and types and they areSurface
classified
typeas
hanging, flush, and surface types.

Flush type
 5. Junction Box - an octagonal shaped electrical material where the connections or joints of wires are being done. It is al

Plastic

Metal

6. Utility Box - a rectangular shaped metallic or plastic (PVC) material in which flush type convenience outlet and switch a

Metal Plastic

Electrical Wire/Conductor- electrical material that could be:

Note: refer to use other search materials/multimedia platforms
Stranded wire which is made of multiple strands joined together to make a single wire.
(i.e youtube, google, etc) for reference of other electrical
materials.
Solid wire is made of a single strand of
copper or aluminum wire. These are used in wiring. installation inside and outside the
a.Stranded buildings.
wire

LEARNING OUTCOME 2

b. Solid wire
DIFFERENT TYPES OF FORMS Correctness of the entry of different forms used in electrical work is
necessary to acquire right, complete, and accurate number of materials and tools needed in a specific
electrical job. Here are samples of different forms used in electrical work. 1. Purchase requisition is a
document generated by user department or storeroom personnel to notify the purchasing department items
it needs to order, their quantity, and the timeframe. It may also contain the authorization to proceed with
the purchase. This is also called purchase request or requisition.
2. Inventory are raw materials, work-in-process goods and finished goods that are considered to be the
portion of a business's assets that are ready or will be ready for sale. Inventory represents one of the most
important assets that most businesses possess, because the turnover of inventory represents one of the
primary sources of revenue generation and subsequent earnings for the company's shareholders/owners.
3. Job order or Work Order form is a written instruction to perform a work according to
specified requirements, within specified timeframe and cost estimates.
4.BORROWER’S FORM is a form used to request for tools and equipment needed for a particular job.
It indicates the department that the borrower is connected, the date, the job that is to be done, who is the
person to approve the request, when it was returned and if it was in good condition.

Learning Competency with code

 LO1. Prepare electrical materials and tools for the task.
LO 2. Request appropriate supplies, materials, and tools for a specific job
 CG Code: TLE_IAEI7/8UT-0a-1 TLE_IAEI7/8UT-0a-2
ACTIVITIES/EXCERSISES

Exercise 1.

Directions: Read the statement carefully and identify what is being described or defined.
Choose your answer from the words inside the box.

Pliers Wrench Convenience outlet

Receptacle/Lamp
socket Electric hand tools Junction box

Philip screwdriver Stranded wire Standard Screwdriver

Hammer Switch Utility box

Male plug Screwdriver Solid

1. A tool used to turn screws, nuts, and bolts with hexagonal or six-sided heads.
2. A device that acts as a convenient source of electrical energy for current consuming
appliances.
3. Another name for lamp holders.
4. These are tools used in driving or pounding and pulling out nails.
5. It is a device that connects and disconnects the flow of electric current in a circuit.
6. A rectangular shaped metallic or plastic (PVC) material in which flush
type convenience outlet and switch are attached.
7. It is made of multiple strands joined together to make a single wire.
8. Is any tool that is powered by hand without motor?
9. An octagonal shaped electrical material where the connections or joints of wires
are being done.
10. It is made of a single strand of copper or aluminum wire.
11. A type of screwdriver used for driving screws with flat slotted heads.
12. A type of screwdriver used for driving screws with cross slotted heads.
13 A. device inserted to a convenience outlet to conduct electric current.
14. Tool used to drive or turn screws.
15. These tools are made from metal with insulators in the handle and are used
for cutting, twisting, bending, holding, and gripping wires and cables.

Exercise 2.

Directions: Accomplish the table

COMMON TYPES OF DESCRIPTION PURPOSE

FORMS
1.
2.

3.

4.
Exercise 3.

Direction: Draw or take a photo of at least three (3) electrical hand tools or materials with description,
that can be find in your house. Do this exercise in a short bond paper.

Criteria

Content 10

Cleanliness 5

Readability 5

Overall appearance 10

TOAL: 30 POINTS

Reflection:

Why do we need to understand the uses of electrical tools and materials? Will it help us in our daily lives,
especially if you are working as an electrician? If yes, How?

References:
(2009) COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
“ELECTRICITY BUILDING WIRING INSTALLATION NC II”, Pg. 1-9,
Name of Learner Grade Level

Section Date

TECNHOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND

MAINTENANCE 7
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET WEEK 2

LESSON 2: L01- SELECT ELECTRICAL MEASURING TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS

Lesson Proper

What is Measurement?

Measurement is the process or the result of determining the ratio of a physical quantity, such as
a length, time, temperature, etc., to a unit of measurement, such as the meter, second or degree Celsius.
The science of measurement is called metrology.
The English word measurement originates from the Latin mēnsūra and the verbmetiri
through the Middle French mesure.

Electrical measuring tools and instruments are sensitive and delicate so extra care is necessary in handling
them. These are used to measure currents, voltages, resistances, wattages, and other important elements in electrical
works. This topic will tackle the function/use of each measuring tool and instrument used in doing an electrical task.
Different kinds of measuring tools and precision measuring instruments are as follows:

Measuring tool/instrument Description

Test Light is a pocket size tool used to test the line wire or circuit if
there is current in it.

Micrometer is used to measure the diameter of

wires/conductors in circular mils. It can measure small and big
sizes of wires and cables

Ruler/foot rule is a measuring tool used to measure length, width,

and thickness of short flat object and in sketching straight lines.

*A ruler/rule is a tool used in, for example, geometry, technical

drawing, engineering, and carpentry, to measure lengths or
distances or to draw straight lines. Strictly speaking, the
ruler is the instrument used to rule straight lines and the calibrated
instrument used for determining length called a measure. However,
common usage calls both instruments’ rulers and the special name
straight edge is used for an unmarked rule.
 Wire Gauge is used in determining the size of
wires/conductors. The gauge ranges from 0 to 60 awg (American
wire gauge).

Pull-Push Rule is a measuring tool used to measure the length of an

object in centimeter and inches.

Ammeter is an instrument used to measure the amount of electrical

current intensity in a circuit. The unit of measure is ampere (a). It
is connected along or series to the circuit.

Voltmeter is an instrument used to measure electrical pressure or

voltage of a circuit. The unit of measure is volt (v). This is
connected across or parallel to the circuit.

Clamp Ammeter is also called tong-tester. It is used to measure

current flowing in a conductor. It is clamped or hanged in a
conductor.

Volt-Ohmmeter (VOM) otherwise called as multi-tester; is used to

measure the voltage, resistance and current of a circuit. It is
connected in parallel or series with the circuit depending on what to
measure.

Learning Competency

L01- Select Measuring Tools and Instruments (WEEK 2)

1.1 Identify Object or component to be measured.

1.2 Choose test instruments to be used for a specific task.
 ACTIVITIES/EXERCISES
Directions: Answer the following Learning Activities accordingly.

EXERCISE 1:

Direction: Write true if the statement is True and False if it is not.

1. The science of measurement is called measurement.

2. Metrology is the process or the result of determining the ratio of a physical quantity.
3. Volt-Ohmmeter (VOM) otherwise called as tong-tester.
4. Test Light is a pocket size tool used to test the line wire or circuit if there is current in it.
5. Clamp Ammeter is also called multi-tester.
6. Ruler/foot rule is a measuring tool used to measure length, width, and thickness of short
flat object and in sketching straight lines.
7. Voltmeter is an instrument used to measure electrical pressure or voltage of a circuit.
8. Pull-Push Rule is a measuring tool used to measure the length of an object in centimeter
and inches.
9. Wire Gauge is used in determining the size of wires/conductors.
10. The English word measurement originates from the Latin mēnsūra

EXERCISE 2:

A. Directions: Inside Box A are jumbled letters. Arrange the letters to form words
pertaining to electrical measuring tools and instruments. Then write the words
inside Box B.
Box A Box B

B. Directions:1. VROLETER
Describe at least two of your answer in activity
1. A.
1.
2. PMACL MMEARET 2.

3. REAMMET 3.

4. TVOL-OERTEMM 4.
2
Reflection:

Why do we need to understand the uses of measuring tools? Will it help us in our daily lives,
especially if you are working as an electrician? If yes, How?

References:
(K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module)
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE, page 51-54
Name of Learner Grade Level

Section Date

TECNHOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (ELECTRICAL

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 7
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET WEEK 3

What is System of Measurement?

A system of measurement is a set of units which can be used to specify anything can be measured.

These are common units of measurement used in making layout and installation of electrical
materials:

A. Linear measures

1. English system provides the creative way on how people can measure by themselves. For
example, people measure shorter distance on the ground with their feet. They measure long
distances by their palms which is equal to a yard.
Inch
Yard
Miles

2. Metric system is a decimalized system of measurement. It exists in several variations with

different choices of base units. Metric units are widely used around the world for
personal, commercial, and scientific purpose.
Millimeter
Centimeter
Decimeter
Meter

B. English units and each equivalent

12 inches = foot(ft)
1 foot = 3yard (yd)
1 yard = 36 inches

C. Metric units and each equivalent

10millimeter (mm) = 1centimeter (cm)

10centimeter = 1decimeter(dm)
10 decimeters = 1meter
D. English to metric equivalent
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 foot = 30.48 cm
1 yard = 91.44 cm

E. The centimeter graduation

.5mm 1mm 10mm or 1cm 25 mm or 2.5 cm

The graduation shows that every digit is .5mm

How to read the cm graduation:

1. First graduation is .5 mm
2. Second graduation is 1mm
3. Third graduation is 1.5mm
4. Fourth graduation is 2mm

F. The inch graduation

Note: If the graduation reaches 10mm, it is equivalent to 1cm.

0 1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8

1 inch

1/16 3/16 5/16 7/16 9/16 11/16 13/16 15/16

 How to read the inch graduation:
1. First graduation is 1/16
2. Second graduation is 18
3. Third graduation is 3/16
4. Fourth graduation is 1/4, then follow the given scale above.

The inch graduation in a steel rule:

Converting the unit of measurement from English to metric and vice versa
Example:
1. 12 inches = cm
Cancel the common unit and
Since
apply cross multiplication.
12 inches = 2.54 cm
1 inch

12 x 2.54 cm Perform the indicated operation.

1

Therefore: 12 inches = 30.48 cm

2. 6 feet = inches
Since
6 feet = 12 inches

1 feet

6 x 12 inches
1
Therefore: 6 feet = 72 inches
 THE MULTITESTER

INTRODUCTION

What Is a Multi-tester?

The multi-tester or multimeter is sometimes called the VOM (voltmeter, ohmmeter,

milliammeter). It is the best instrument that can measure voltage, resistance and current. It is generally
made of two types: the analog and the digital.

A. PARTS OF A MULTI TESTER

POINTER. The
needle-shaped rod that
moves over the
scale of a meter.

Pointer It is mechanically
connected to the
moving coil. it
indicates the
measured values on
the multimeter
RANGE SELECTOR KNOB
(Selector switch) makes it
possible to select different
functions and range of the meter.

Adjustment screw makes it

possible to adjust the pointer to
the zero position of the scale.
SCALE is a series of
marking used for reading
the value of a quantity.

SCALE -can have different

types of scale, for voltage and
current readings the scales
have mostly linear.
which means equal division. For
resistance

Test probe positive (red),

negative (black) is used to
connect the circuit to the
electrical components being Zero-ohm
tested. adjustingKnob is
used to zero-in the
pointer before
measuring
resistance.
A. Proper care and maintenance of the multi tester
1. Read manual of instructions on how to operate the multitester.
2. In reading the amount of voltage, always start with the
highest range to avoid reading voltage higher than the
tester setting.
3. Be sure that the tester is set to the correct range setting:
resistance range when measuring the ohm, voltage range
when measuring voltage and ammeter range when
measuring the value of electric current.
4. Always check the condition of its battery. Worn out
batteries will damage the internal setting of the tester.
5. When the tester is not in used or will be stored, set the
selector switch to 1000V or to OFF position.
6. Never drop the tester.
 B. How to read the meter scale of the multi tester.
To read the resistance range of the multi-tester, the given table below will be used. The
unit of measurement to be used to determine its resistance is ohm.

Range 0-2 2-10 10-20 20-50 50-100 100-200

Range x1 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 20
Range
2 5 10 20 50 200
x10
Range x1k 20 50 100 200 500 2K
Range
200 500 1K 2K 5K 20K
x 10k

Pointer deflection

Range setting is X1

Reading is 2.5ohms

Pointer deflection

Range setting is X10

Reading is 25 ohms
Voltage scale

Range Value/div
Range 10V 0.2V
Range 50V 1V
Range 250V 5V
Range 100V 20V

Voltage scale
Range setting is 10 V
(used 0-10 scale)
Reading is 4.4V

Range Value/div
Range 10V 0.2V
Range 50V 1V Range
250V 5V
: Range 100V 20V

Voltage scale
Range setting is 50V (used 0-10
scale)
Reading is 24V

Range Value/div
Range 10V 0.2V
Range 50V 1V Range
250V 5V Range
1000V 20V

Voltage scale
 Range setting is 250V (used 0-10 scale) Reading

is 110V

Learning Competency

L02- Carryout measurements and calculations (WEEK 3)

1.1 Use appropriate measuring devices for specific tasks.

1.2 Compute for required data.

ACTIVITIES/EXECSISES

Instructions: Answer the following Learning Activities accordingly

ACTIVITY 1

PARTS OF MULTITESTER

A. DIRECTION. Given a Multi-\tester below, write the parts indicated by the arrow
and give their functions.

__
1.

5.
2.

3. 6.

4.
7.
ACTIVITY 2

Direction: Using any measuring tools, read the actual measurement of the given samples. Write your
answer on the space provided.
Note: Taking of pictures is required while doing the tas, this will serve as a proof in accomplishing
the given task. Post it in your T.L.E group chat.

SAMPLE ACTUAL MEASUREMENT IN ACTUAL MEASUREMENT IN

CENTIMETER INCHES
Dining table

Sofa Center Table

Height of a front door

CRITERIA
Accuracy
10
(The measurements should be accurate)
Cleanliness
(The given activity that is written in the paper 5
should be clean)
Readability
5
(The data should be readable)
Picture
(Taking of picture as a proof of 10
accomplishment)
TOTAL 30 POIINTS

Reflection
What is the importance of using measurements and calculations in our daily lives?
REFERENCES

Philippine Electrical Code. Year 2000 Edition.

Cardenas, Elpidio. 1989, Fundamental and Elements of Electricity.
Philippines: National Bookstore.
Enriquez, Michael Q., Gantalao, Fred T. and Lasala, Rommel M. 2004, Simple
Electronics. Philippines: Andes Mountain Printers.
Velasco, Benjamin S. 1994, Electronic Components Testing Simplified.
Philippines: National Bookstore: 1994.
http://sam.dgs.ca.gov/TOC/3800/3861.htm
http://electrical.about.com/od/electricaltools/tp/top16electricaltoo
ls.h
Name of Learner Grade Level

Section Date

TECNHOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (ELECTRICAL

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 7
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET WEEK 4 & 5

LESSON 3: LO1 ANALYZE SIGNS, ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS AND DATA

Lesson Proper

What is electrical symbol?

COMMON ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS

Electrical Symbols are small drawings or pictograms used to represent various electrical
devices in a diagram or plan of an electrical circuit. These symbols are used in sketching schematic
diagrams and electrical plans for numerous types of electrical works. Practically any electrical fixture
found in a house has a symbol that coincides with a particular fixture in an electrical wiring diagram.
These are useful guides for an electrician or electrical contractor and make the wiring easier to install
as well.

The following are common electrical symbols used in sketching wiring plans and
diagrams.

Symbol Description Symbol Description

Conductor/Wire Ammeter

Terminal Voltmeter

Switch Galvanometer

Fuse Wattmeter

Connected Wires Wires Not Connected

Circuit Breaker Push Button

Cell Bell
 Battery Buzzer

Resistor Speaker

Capacitor Antenna

Diode Male plug

Ground Service Entrance

(3 wires)

Lightning Arrester Duplex Convenience

Outlet

Kilowatt-Hour Meter Range Outlet

Power Panel Board Special Purpose Outlet

Lighting Panel Board Weatherproof Outlet

Incandescent Lamp Floor Outlet

Fluorescent Lamp S1 Single

Pole Switch
 What are electrical

signs? ELECTRICAL

SIGNS

Your power tool with its manual may contain "WARNING ICONS" (a picture symbol
intended to alert you to, and/or to instruct you how to avoid a potentially hazardous condition). Knowing
and understanding these symbols will help you operate your tool better and more safely. Your power tool
with its manual may contain "Warning Icons." A warning icon in a picture symbol intended to alert you,
and/or to instruct you how to avoid a potentially hazardous condition. Knowing and understanding these
symbols will help you operate your tools better and more safely.

Electrical signs and stickers alert students, workers, and visitors to electrical hazards in the area.
Alerting workers to high voltage areas, electrical hazards, power lines and other electrical
equipment in the area can help prevent fires and injuries. Proper electrical signs can inform
workers of the dangers in the area.

CAUTION indicates some precautionary

measures against potential hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, may result
to a minor or moderate injury.

SAFETY ALERT indicates that a person.

should observe extra awareness

PROHIBITION means that any activity is not

allowed as stated by the symbol.

DANGER specifies hazardous situation

which, if not avoided, will result to a
serious injury or even death.

WARNING specifies a potentially hazardous

situation which, if not avoided, could result
to serious injury or even death.
 READ AND UNDERSTAND
INSTRUCTION MANUAL means that a
person should make some reading before
doing any activity.

WEAR EYE PROTECTION indicates that a

person should wear safety goggles or any
related protection for the eyes.

ELECTRICAL HAZARD indicates that

electrical hazard is present in the area.

VOLTAGE DANGER indicates high voltage

in the area and surrounding equipment.

Learning Competency
LO1 ANALYZE SIGNS, ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS AND DATA

1.1 Read and Interpret Electrical signs and symbols and data.
1.2 Analyze Electrical components and materials based on electrical symbols and data.

Instructions
Answer the following Learning Activities accordingly.

Activity 1
Analyze electrical symbols and signs.

A. Directions: Match the electrical symbols in Column A with their

corresponding descriptions in
Column B. Write the letter of your answer in the space provided.
Column A
Column B

1. a. Push button

2. b. Switch

3. c. Wires connected.
 4. d. Incandescent lamp

5. e. Battery

B. Directions: Fill out the grid with at least five (5) electrical symbols and write
their descriptions.

SYMBOLS DESCRIPTIONS

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Activity 3

A.
Direction: Locate and box the different electrical signs below.
B.
Directions: Draw the electrical signs of the following in the space provided:

1. Safety alert

2. Prohibition

3. Voltage danger

4. Warning

5. Electrical hazard
LESSON 3. LO2-INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS Lesson

Proper

What is Electrical wiring diagram?

ELECTRICAL WIRING DIAGRAM

The flow of current in a conductor or wire can be represented in a diagram. There are two
types of diagrams: pictorial diagram and schematic diagram.

A. Pictorial diagram is a sketch of electrical circuit that shows the external appearance of each
component. It is much like a photograph of the circuit and uses simple images of parts.

Sample pictorial diagram of one bulb controlled by single pole switch using 9
volt battery source.
B. Schematic diagram is a sketch showing the components of the circuit using standard
electrical symbols. It shows the actual number of components and how the wiring is
routed but not the actual
location.
C. Types of Circuit

1. Series Circuit is a circuit in which lamps are arranged in a chain, so that the current has only one
path to take. The current is the same through each load. An example of this is Christmas light/bulbs.
It consists of a number of bulbs that are connected side by side to
meet the voltage requirement which is 220 volts for alternating current.

Pictorial diagram of Christmas lights in series circuit

Schematic diagram of three bulbs connected in series controlled by a single pole switch.

2. Parallel Circuit is a circuit in which lamps are connected across the wires. The voltage across
each load on a parallel circuit is the same. The advantage of using parallel circuit is
that even if one of the lamps fails, the remaining lamps will still function.

Pictorial diagram of two bulbs connected in parallel circuit controlled by a single po

Schematic diagram of three bulbs connected in parallel circuit controlled by a sing

ELECTRICAL PLAN

Electrical plan is a graphical presentation of electrical wiring connections to install in a

particular house or building. It indicates the position of electrical fixtures such as convenience outlets,
switches, lightings, doorbells, and others to be installed.

Sample electrical plan of Single-family dwelling

Number of electrical fixtures found in the electrical plan:

QUANTITY ELECTRICAL FIXTUR

8 pieces Lamp outlets

8 pieces Duplex convenience outlets
4 pieces Single gang switches
1 piece Two gang switches
1 piece Three gang switches

Learning Competency

LO2-INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS

2.1 Read Blueprints of electrical plans, diagrams and circuit.

2.2 Identify necessary tools, materials and equipment according to blueprint of electrical plans,
diagrams and circuits.
ACTIVITIES/EXERCISES

Instructions: Answer the following Learning Activities accordingly

Activity 1

Directions: Draw the schematic diagrams of the following in the space provided:

1. Two bulbs connected in series controlled by a single pole switch using direct current.
2. Four bulbs connected in parallel controlled by a single pole switch using alternating current.
Activity 2

Directions: Based on the electrical plan below, count the number of electrical fixtures and then
write it in table provided after the drawing.

Number of electrical fixtures found in the electrical plan

QUANTITY ELECTRICAL FIXTURES

Lamp outlets

Duplex convenience outlets

Single gang switches

Two gang switches

Three gang switch

Reflection

What were some of the most interesting discoveries you made while studying electrical symbols and data/ the
interpretations of technical drawing and plans?

REFERENCES

LO1
Azares, Efren F. and Recana, Cirilo B. 1999, Practical Electricity III; Philippines: Adriana Publishing.
Agpaoa, Feleciano. 1991, Interior and Exterior Wiring Troubleshooting;
Philippines National Bookstore.

LO 2
Azares, Efren F. and Recana, Cirilo B. 1999, Practical Electricity III; Philippines: Adriana Publishing.
Agpaoa, Feleciano. 1991, Interior and Exterior Wiring Troubleshooting; Philippines National Bookstore.
Acorda, Aidaida V. and Robles, Rosemarie D. Drafting I
Name of Learner Grade Level

Section Date

TECNHOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

AND MAINTENANCE 7

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET WEEK 6

Background of Information.

How to Test Ohms with a Multimeter

Ohm is an electrical resistance between two points of a conductor.
Resistance is measured in ohms denoted as. A multimeter can be used to test ohms by measuring the resistance
of a particular conductor. It can be used to measure the accuracy and functionality of a resistor.
Measurement of resistance is of great importance when you want to check for open or broken circuits, hence
the need for a multimeter.
Analog and digital multimeters can be used to measure resistance in ohms. The concept is that a multimeter
passes some voltage on probes, causing current to flow in the conductor to give resistance.

Select an item to be Measured.

Choose an item whose resistance is to be measured.
Test the component before connecting it to a circuit or remove it first from the circuit to get accurate results.
Otherwise, you will end up with inaccurate results.
Insert the Probes in Sockets
A multimeter has several sockets for probes. Take the black probe with a banana shaped end and insert it in the
COM socket.
Connect the other red probe to a socket labeled ohms. Do the same with the banana shaped end.
Turn on the Multimeter.
In you are using a digital multimeter, turn it on.
Select the Right Range
If you are using an analogue multimeter, set it to the same range as the estimated resistance to be measured. The
scale has a sharp needle for the readings. Make sure the far-right reading can accommodate the estimated
resistance of the object to be measured.
Therefore, you can derive the most correct resistance to be measured. If you are using digital multimeters,
select a range that can accommodate the estimated resistance for accurate results. A digital multimeter has
values; so just adjust the knob to almost maximum to get the full range.

Zero the Meter

Take the two probes and connect them firmly together to short-circuit if using a digital multimeter.
Do this to ensure the multimeter reads zero ohms; if it doesn’t, manually adjust to zero.
Take the Measurement.
Connect your multimeter probes to the item to be measured then read measurements on the scale or the screen
in case of a digital multimeter.
Wait until the numbers stop going up and down to get the exact number of ohms.
Turn off your Multimeter.
After taking readings in ohms, you can turn your multimeter off at a high voltage.
If it is left at high voltage even without changing the range, the next time you use it, you will still obtain
accurate results.
Conclusion
Measuring resistance or checking for ohms is easy to do and understand. It does not matter what type of
multimeter you use.
At the end of the process, you will still have resistance. Remember to take precautions when performing any
electrical activity.

How to read the meter scale of the multi tester to read the resistance range of the multi-tester, the given table
below will be used. The unit of measurement to be used to determine its resistance is ohm.(Ω)

Range 0-2 2-10 10-20 20-50 50-100 100-200

Range x1 .2 0.5 1 2 5 20

Range x10 2 5 10 20 50 200

Range x1k 20 50 100 200 500 2k

Range 10k 200 500 1k 2k 5k 20k

 How Read the ohms (Ω) scale

In reading the scale of ohms from 0 to 500 you need to learn on how to read the division value per line
of the ohm scale.

Follow the division value to get the reading of the scale.

Number Div/value
0-2 .2
2-5 .5
5-20 1
20-50 2
50-100 5
100-200 20
200-300 50
300-500 100

Example of reading in ohms scale.

ACTIVITY 1.

Identification
Instruction: identify the reading scale of ohms, write your answer before each number.

1. 6. 11.
2. 7. 12.
3. 8. 13.
4. 9. 14.
5. 10. 15.
Name of Learner Grade Level

Section Date

TECNHOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND

MAINTENANCE 7
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET WEEK 7

A. Basic Maintenance of Electrical Tools and Equipment

To ensure that your electric tools work when you need them, you must take proper care of them. A good routine of
maintenance for your tools is one thing that you can do to make sure that the tool you need is working when you need
it.

1. Clean out the Dust. To make sure that your electric tools are ready to go when you are, keep them clean and free
of dust. Spend some time to clean out the dust every occasionally on your tools while they are inactive in storage.

2. Check the Cords. Look for tear/cut insulator on the power cords on your electric tools.
This will ensure that your electric tool can get the power that it needs to function without an accident.

3. Use the right tool correctly. Use tools correctly and for their intended purposes. Follow the safety directions
and operating procedures recommended by the manufacturer. When working on a circuit, use approved tools with
insulated handles.

4. Protect your Tools. Keep tools and cords away from heat, oil, and sharp objects. These hazards can damage
insulation. If a tool or cord heats up, stop using it. Report the condition to a supervisor or instructor
immediately.
5. Use double-insulated tools - Portable electrical tools are classified by the number of insulation barriers
between the electrical conductors in the tool and the worker.

6. Storing Your Tools- Keep your electric tools stored in their original cases and containers. This will keep them
free of dust and dirt while they are not being used.

B. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) are gadgets to protect workers from injury or
illness caused by having contact with the dangers/hazards in the workplace whether they are
chemical, biological, radiation, physical, electrical, mechanical and others.
These are the common Personal Protective Equipment gadgets:
Hard Hats/ Helmets, Gloves ,Goggle Mask, Work boots, Pants, Face shield and Face mask

Pictures of electricians working using Personal Protective Equipment

C. Classification of non-functional and functional tools

Tools are very useful to us in our homes especially to our job. But tools that are no longer
functional may cause harm.
A. Make an inventory of functional and non-functional tools in your shop.
B. Classify your tools according to is function.

 Method of identifying non-functional tools and equipment.

1. Visual inspection. It refers to the visual observation of an expert on the appearance of the tools and equipment.
2. Functionality. Vibration or extra noise from the operation means problems on parts and accessories started
to develop.
3. Performance. When there is something wrong with the performance of either hand tools or equipment, they
need an immediate repair or maintenance.
4. Power supply (for electrically operated only). Failure to meet the required power supply, malfunction will
occur in the part of hand tools or equipment.
5. Person is involved. It refers to the technical person who has the knowledge and skills about the technology.

 Classifications of tools and equipment according to their uses:

1. Measuring tools
2. Holding tools
3. Cutting tools
4. Driving tools
5. Boring tools
6. Electrical equipment
7. Miscellaneous tools/instrument/equipment

Non-functional tools and equipment are those that are not able to perform its
regular function because of impaired and damage part. Examples of these are the following:

5’s Approach in workshop keeping.

5’S is a reference to a list of five Japanese words translated into English. This is an approached
of organizing and managing the workplace and workflow with the intent to
improve efficiency by eliminating wastes, improving flow of production, reducing process delays. These
words are:
Learning Competencies

LO 1. Check condition of tools and equipment.

1.1 Label functional and non-functional tools and equipment

ACTIVITIES/EXERCISES
Instructions: Answer the following Learning Activities accordingly

Activity 1

Directions: Identify the following:

1-6. What is the routine of maintenance for your tools is one thing that you can do to make sure that the tool you need
is working when you need it?
7-10. Give at least four (4) PPE.
11-15. Give the method of identifying non-functional tools and equipment.

Activity 2

Directions: Do a VIDEO PRESENTATION OR MAKE A PHOTO COLLAGE about 5s in relation to the topic
which is Basic Maintenance of Electrical Tools and Equipment.

CRITERIA
CONTENT
(The content should be related to the lesson) 15
CREATIVITY
(Creativity of the student.) 10
INTERGATION OF 5s
(5s should be clearly visible to the video) 10
Overall appearance
(The overall presentation is aesthetic to the eyes.
15
No foul and offensive actions or words.)

TOTAL 50 POINTS

Reflection
What is the importance of maintaining the tools and equipment in good condition? How can this affect this when
performing a task?

REFERENCES
LO1
 Philippine Electrical Code. 2000 Edition.
 Cardenas, Elpidio.1989, Fundamental and Elements of Electricity.
Philippines: national Bookstore.
 Philippine Electrical Code. 1992 Edition, Institute of Integrated Electrical
Engineers of the Philippines Incorporated.
 Max B. Fajardo Jr. & Leo R. Fajardo. , 2nd Edition.
 Electrical Layout and Estimate.
LO 2
 Philippine Electrical Code. 2000 Edition.
 Cardenas, Elpidio.1989, Fundamental and Elements of Electricity.
Philippines: national Bookstore.
 Philippine Electrical Code. 1992 Edition, Institute of Integrated
Electrical Engineers of the Philippines Incorporated.
 Max B. Fajardo Jr. & Leo R. Fajardo. , 2nd Edition.
 Electrical Layout and Estimate.
Name of Learner Grade Level

Section Date

TECNHOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (ELECTRICAL

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 7

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET WEEK 8

HAZARDS AND RISKS

What is the difference between 'hazard' and 'risk'?

A hazard is something that can cause harm, eg electricity, chemicals, working up a ladder, noise, a
keyboard, a bully at work, stress.
Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect
once to a hazard. It may also apply to situations with property or equipment loss.
A risk is the chance, high or low, that any hazard will cause somebody.

Five Basic Workplace Hazards

There are five major types of hazards which can put both your health and your safety at risk.
1. CHEMICAL HAZARDS
If you are working with cleaning products, bleaches, paints, and other chemical agents, you need to
understand what a chemical hazard is as well as how to protect yourself.
Chemical hazards include:
 liquids such a cleanser,
 acids, and paints
 vapors and fumes such as
 welding fumes
 gases such as carbon monoxide
 products that can catch fire or explode.
2. PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Physical hazards include:
 Machinery
 Electrical power
 Noise
 Power and hand tools
 Working and walking surfaces
 Trip and fall hazards.
 Ladders and scaffolds
 Heat and cold
 ventilation
3. BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Why be careful around ticks, mouse droppings, bird poop and wild animals?
Because you might get sick from working around certain animals, including people. Biological
hazards include bacteria, viruses, insects, plants, birds, animals, and humans. The risks run from skin
irritation and allergies to infections.
Dangers can come from:
• unclean restrooms
• mold and fungus
• bacteria
• insect stings
• animal bites
• poorly stored medical waste
4. ERGONOMIC HAZARDS
If your job is poorly designed, you can develop long term health problems.
These problems can arise from simple things, like working for long periods in
an awkward position or having to make the same motions over and over again.
Problems can come from:
 lighting
 chairs
 lifting
 repeated movements
 computer screens
5. PSYCHOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Those that are basically causing stress to a worker. This kind of hazard
troubles an individual very much to an extent that his general well-being is
affected.
Stress can lead to long-term health problems. Headaches, anxiety, and impatience are early
signs of stress.
Workplace causes of stress include:
• heavy workloads
• lack of control over the pace of work
• shift work
• noise
• working by yourself
• fear of job-loss
• conflict with the employer
What is a risk assessment?

Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the
safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goal of all occupational
safety and health programs is to foster a safe work environment. As a secondary effect, it may also
protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities, and
other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace environment. It may involve
interactions among many subject areas, including occupational medicine, occupational (or industrial)
hygiene, public health, safety engineering / industrial engineering, chemistry, health physics.
Risks include acute and chronic health effects, for example, irritation or cancer, and
physical effects such as fires or explosions. The hazards are physical and health hazards.

II. Risk assessment

A. Risk assessment is the process where you:

1. Identify hazards.
2. Analyze or evaluate the risk associated with that hazard.
3. Determine appropriate ways to eliminate or control the hazard.

B. Factors that influence the degree of risk include:

 How much a person is exposed to a hazardous thing or condition.
 How the person is exposed (e.g., breathing in a vapor, skin contact), and how severe are the
effects under the conditions of exposure?
II. Fire and Explosion Hazard Assessment
Fire is one type of hazard that needs careful evaluation before extinguishing it. Not all fire could be
extinguished by water that is why it is necessary that we knew first the cause of fire before dealing the
fire.

1. Flash Point and Method Used: Lowest temperature at which a liquid will give off enough
flammable vapors to ignite. Since flash points vary according to how they are obtained, the
method used must be listed. Chemicals with lower flash points present a greater
flammability hazard.
2. Flammable Limits: Range of concentrations over which a flammable vapor mixed with air
will flash or explode if an ignition source is present. Range extends between lower
explosive limit (LEL) and upper explosive limit (UEL) and is expressed in percentage of
volume of vapor or gas in air (0 – 100%). Chemicals with a broad flammable range (i.e.,
range between the LEL and the UEL) and/or a flammable range in the lower percentages,
present a greater flammability hazard.
3. Extinguishing Media: Fire-fighting material for use on substance that is burning,
Firefighting material should be indicated by its generic name (e.g. water, foam, dry chemical,
etc.).

III. Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, or disposal, managing and
monitoring of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and
the process is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on health, the environment or aesthetics.
Waste management is a distinct practice from resource recovery which focuses on delaying the rate
of consumption of natural resources. The management of wastes treats all materials as a single class,
whether solid, liquid, gaseous or radioactive substances, and tried to reduce the harmful
environmental impacts of each through different methods. Waste management practices differ for
developed and developing nations, for urban and rural areas, and for residential and industrial
producers. Management for nonhazardous waste residential and institutional waste in metropolitan
areas is usually the responsibility of local government authorities, while management for non-
hazardous commercial and industrial waste is usually the responsibility of the generator.

3A. HAZARD CONTROL

All workplace hazards (chemical, physical, etc.) can be controlled by a variety of methods.
The goal of controlling hazards is to prevent workers from being exposed to occupational hazards.
Some methods of hazard control are more efficient than others, but a combination of methods usually
provides a safer workplace than relying on only one method. Some methods of control are cheaper
than others but may not provide the most effective way to reduce exposures.

To control hazards in your workplace you need to identify and understand those hazards. Your
priority should always be to eliminate the hazards. If the hazards can't be eliminated, try finding safer
ways to carry out those tasks by substituting less harmful substances or changing the work
environment through engineering controls. Also consider changing how work activities are organized
and performed. For example, reduce the time workers are exposed to a hazard by rotating them to
another task.

A. Controlling workplace hazards.

Once a hazard has been identified and the risk assessed, control measures should be put into place. A
simple list of control measures can be utilized - the hierarchy of control.

1. Identify the Hazard.

Identify the source of the problem.
2. Assess the Risk.
Risk assessment is the process where you:
  Identify hazards,
 Analyze or evaluate the risk associated with that hazard.
 Determine appropriate ways to eliminate or control the hazard.

3. Eliminate the Hazard or Risk

Elimination of a specific hazard or hazardous work process, or preventing it from entering the
workplace, is the most effective method of control. Eliminating a hazard means removing it
completely.

4. Engineering Control may mean changing a piece of machinery (for example, using
proper machine guards) or a work process to reduce exposure to a hazard.

5. Administrative Controls
Working a limited number of hours in a hazardous area is an example of an administrative control for
example, job rotation.

6. Substitution is one measure of replacing one hazardous agent or work process with a less
dangerous one. It is important to consider worker health and safety when work processes are still
in the planning stages.

Provide Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) includes ear and eye, protection, respirators, and protective
clothing.

YOUR HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK

Personal hygiene
Finally, personal hygiene (cleanliness) is also very important as a method of controlling
hazards. Your employer should provide facilities so you can wash and/or take a shower every day at
the end of your shift, no matter what your job is. Wash your skin and hair with a mild soap, rinse and
dry your skin completely to protect it. Washing hands regularly and eating and smoking away from
your work area help to prevent ingesting contaminants. Lack of personal cleanliness can affect your
family's health.
Your family can be exposed to hazards you work with if you bring chemicals and other workplace
contaminants home with you on your clothes, hair, or skin. Before you leave work, wash/shower and
change your clothes when necessary to prevent bringing workplace contaminants home.

Leave your dirty clothes at work or, if you must wash them at home, wash them separately —
not with the family wash.

It may seem that the amount of contaminant you can bring home on your clothes or skin is
very small and cannot hurt your family. A small exposure every day for months can add up to a big
exposure. A classic example of this ―spreading the hazard‖ involves asbestos, where wives of
asbestos workers have developed asbestosis from exposure to the asbestos on their husbands' work
clothes. Similarly, children have developed lead poisoning from exposure to lead which comes home
on their parents' work clothes. If you wear protective clothing at work, such as aprons, laboratory
coats, overalls, etc., these should be cleaned regularly, and you should inspect them for holes or areas
that are worn out. Workers who launder these clothes should be trained in the types of hazards they
may work with and how they can be controlled. Inspect your underclothes at home for any signs of
contamination with oils, solvents, etc. If you find any signs, then it means your protective clothing at
work is not effective.
Every workplace should have first aid facility.

Every workplace should have at least minimal first-aid facilities as well as adequate personnel
trained to provide first aid. First-aid facilities and trained personnel are important components of a
healthy and safe workplace.

1. General cleanliness in the workplace is an important method of controlling hazards.

2. Good housekeeping reduces the risk of fire and is cost-effective.
3. Good housekeeping measures should be planned when work processes are in the design stage.
4. Safety signs are not a method of hazard control.
5. Personal cleanliness is an important method of controlling hazards.
6. Your employer should provide facilities so you can wash and/or take a shower every day.
7. Before you leave work, wash/shower and change your clothes when necessary to prevent
bringing workplace contaminants home to your family.
8. Leave your dirty clothes at work. If you must wash them at home, wash them separately —
never wash your work clothes with your family's wash.
9. Your protective clothing should be cleaned regularly. Inspect your protective clothing for holes
and worn areas that could leave you open to exposures.
10. Inspect your undergarments for signs of contamination.
11. Your workplace should have at least minimal first-aid facilities.

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

Process of ensuring that an organization has complied with the preventive measures,
is in a state of readiness to contain the effects of a forecasted disastrous event to minimize loss of life,
injury, and damage to property, can provide rescue, relief, rehabilitation, and other services in the
aftermath of the disaster, and has the capability and resources to continue to sustain its essential
functions without being overwhelmed by the demand placed on them. Preparedness for the first and
immediate response is called emergency preparedness. Always remember that disaster comes in the
most unexpected time and place. Being ready is always a necessity in all circumstances. The
government is giving trainings that everybody needs in all our localities. One should participate in this
disaster training so that we will not be caught unaware when calamity struck.

Learning Competencies
LO1. Identify hazards and risks.
1.1 List down hazards and risks in the workplace
LO2. Control hazards and risks
3.4 Determine effects of hazards and risks.
3.5 Evaluate hazards and risks.
3.6 Follow procedure for controlling hazards and risks in the workplace.
ACTIVTIES/EXERCISES
Instructions: Answer the following Learning Activities accordingly.

Activity 1

Directions: Classify the following hazard. Write your answer in the box provided.

 Cleanser  Chair  Fear of job-loss

 Acid  Shift work.  Vapors
 Noise  Heavy workloads.  Ventilation
 Machinery  Paints  Insect bites
 Molds  Electrical power  Repeated manners
 Bacteria  Animal bites  Conflict w/
 Lighting  Lifting employer

ERGO
CHEMICAL PHYSICAL BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL
ECONAMIC

1. 1. 1. 1. 1.

2. 2. 2. 2. 2.

3. 3. 3. 3. 3.

4. 4. 4. 4. 4.

Activity 2

Direction: Write YES if the statement is true, and NO if it is false.

1. General cleanliness in the workplace is not important method of controlling hazards.
2. Good housekeeping reduces the risk of fire and is cost-effective.
3. Good housekeeping measures should be planned when work processes are in the design stage.
4. Safety signs are a method of hazard control.
5. Personal cleanliness is not important method of controlling hazards.
6. Your employer should provide facilities so you can wash and/or take a shower every day.
7. Before you leave work, wash/shower and change your clothes when necessary to prevent
bringing workplace contaminants home to your family.
8. Leave your dirty clothes at work. If you must wash them at home, wash them together with your
family’s clothes.
9. Your protective clothing should be dirty regularly. Inspect your protective clothing for holes
and worn areas that could leave you open to exposures.
10. Inspect your undergarments for signs of contamination.
.
Activity 3:
Direction: Personal hygiene (cleanliness) is also very important as a method of controlling
hazards. For this activity share five (5) of your personal hygiene and how can it protect you
specially in this time of pandemic?

EXAMPLE:
Keeping hands clean is one of the most important steps we can take to avoid getting sick and spreading ge

Always washing my hand.

REFERENCES

 Philippine Electrical Code. 2000 Edition.

 Cardenas, Elpidio. 1989, Fundamental and Elements of Electricity;
Philippines: National Bookstore.
 http://sam.dgs.ca.gov/TOC/3800/3861.htm
 http://old.iupac.org/goldbook/TT06915.pdf