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CHEMCALC

The document provides an example of calculating the quantities of materials needed to blend different acids to produce 1000 kg of a mixed acid with specified percentages of H2SO4, HNO3 and water. It gives the percentages of each component in spent acid, aqueous HNO3 and H2SO4, and uses material balances of each component to set up equations to solve for the quantities of each material needed.

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Karla Joy P. Sucgang
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27 views8 pages

CHEMCALC

The document provides an example of calculating the quantities of materials needed to blend different acids to produce 1000 kg of a mixed acid with specified percentages of H2SO4, HNO3 and water. It gives the percentages of each component in spent acid, aqueous HNO3 and H2SO4, and uses material balances of each component to set up equations to solve for the quantities of each material needed.

Uploaded by

Karla Joy P. Sucgang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHEMICAL

ENGINEERING
CALCULATIONS
PRESENTATION ON MATERIAL BALANCE BY:
CORDOVA, LORENZ PRIAM
LOZADA, KRISTEN THEA
SUCGANG, KARLA JOY
Mixing
to make into one mass by stirring together
or through blending
A mixture is a compound made up of two or more
chemical components that are not chemically linked.
Example 1: Material Balance of Mixer
It is required to make 1000 kg mixed acid containing 60% H₂SO₄, 32%
HNO₃ and 8% water by blending;

(i) spent acid containing 11.3% HNO₃, 44.4% H₂SO₄ and 44.3% H₂O
(ii) aqueous 90% HNO₃
(iii) aqueous 98% H₂SO₄.

All percentage are by weight. Calculate the quantities of each of the


three acids required for blending.
ILLUSTRATION
X H2 SO4 = 0. 444 F₁
X HNO3 = 0.113 spent acid
X H2 O = 0. 443 P
F₂ 1000 kg mixed acid
X HNO3 = 0.9 aqueous HNO3 MIXER
X H2 O = 0. 1 X H2 SO4 = 0. 60
F₃ X HNO3 = 0. 32
X H2 SO4 = 0. 98 aqueous H2SO4 X H2 O = 0. 08
X H2 O = 0. 02
SOLUTION
Required: F₁, F₂, F₃

Total mass balance:


INPUT = OUTPUT
F₁ + F₂ + F₃ = 1, 000 kg mixed acid equation 1

Material Balance of HNO₃ (express in F₂ in terms of F₁)


0.113(F₁) + 0.9(F₂) = 0.32 (1000 Kg)
F₂ = 0.32 (1000) - 0.113(F₁)
0.9
F₂ = 320 - 0.113(F₁)
equation 2
0.9
Material Balance of H₂SO₄ (express F₃ in terms of F₁)

0.444(F₁) + 0.98(F₃) = 0.60 (1000 Kg)


F₃ = 0.60 (1000) - 0.444(F₁)
0.98
F3 = 600 - 0.444(F₁)
equation 3
0.98

Total Mass Balance


F₁ + F₂ + F₃ = 1, 000 kg
substitute the equivalents of F₃ and F₂ from equations 2 and 3
F₁ + 320 - 0.113(F₁) + 600 - 0.444(F₁) = 1, 000 0.882
0.9 0.98
0.882F₁ + 0.98 (320 - 0.113F₁) + 0.9 (600 - 0.444F₁) = 1000 (0.882)
0.882F₁ + 313.6 - 0.11074F₁ + 540 - 0.3996F₁ = 882
0.882F₁ - 0.11074F₁ - 0.3996F₁ = 882 - 313.6 - 540
0.882F₁ - 0.51034F₁ = 882 - 853.6
0.37166F₁ = 28.4
28.4
F₁ =
0.37166
F₁ = 76.4 kg spent acid feed
F₂ = 320 - 0.113(F₁)
0.9 Substitute calculated F₁ value to
equation 2 to get F₂.
F₂ = 320 - 0.113(76.4)
0.9

F₂ = 345.96 kg aqueous HNO₃

F₁ + F₂ + F₃ = 1, 000 kg
F₃ = 1, 000 kg - F₁ - F₂
Substitute calculated F₁ and F₂ values
F₃ = 1, 000 kg - 76.4 kg - 345.96 kg to equation 1 to get F₃.

F₃ = 577.64 kg aqueous H₂SO₄

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