Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.

21, 17:22

Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel

Contents:

Module overview

Lesson 1: T Classic Data Analysis with Excel Th

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Lesson 2: me PivotTables
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Lesson 3: us
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Module review and llo takeaways v. llo v.
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Module overview

In the modern business environment, data exists in many formats and is stored in many different systems. This
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presents the Microsoft® Excel® user with two principal challenges: how tois import data from those formats and
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systems, and how tomanalyze
en the data once it is in a spreadsheet—often in largemquantities. en In this module, you will
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learn more about elo
ca challenges and focus on Microsoft® SQL Noas a data
Server® ca store elo and source for Excel. You
us u
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will also learn howautothbuild r dashboards
to of interactive data displays by using PivotTables oR
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Objectives ies he sa sh
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At the end of this module, you will be able ! to: !

• Describe classic data analysis with Excel.

• Describe Excel PivotTables.

• Describe the limitations of classic data analysis with Excel.

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Lesson 1: Classic Data Analysis with Excel
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If you have used any of Excel’s formulas sa to perform
he calculations, you have already done datas analysis. However, he
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Excel includes advanced features that weenable you to import large amounts of data from a wide variety o we of sources,
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analyze that data by using dynamic and versatile tools, and then display that data in useful and easily-understood
forms. In this lesson, you will see an overview of Excel’s advanced data analysis tools and learn about Microsoft SQL
Server, which is often used as a data source.

Lesson objectives
Ththis lesson, you will be able to:
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• Understand No howcdata bcan
e be imported, analyzed, and displayed in Excel.
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• Describe how Excel rican
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• Choose the best edition of SQL ies Server 2016 he for your organization’s needs. sa sh
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• Describe the server components and !management tools that are available with Microsoft SQL Server. !

• Connect to SQL Server from an Excel spreadsheet.

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

Introducing Excel Data Analysis

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Microsoft Excel us long desktop application that is very widely used
uisn a spreadsheet u to
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u s and
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ev uth evr@ can
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Most office workers tare r@ s with
ho familiar to Excel—or some other spreadsheet application—and st
o use
riz g m R i s o r g m Ris simple formulas to
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calculate totals, averages,dtax i l.c
co amounts, C profit margins, and other values. This versatility d and i l
widespread
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makes Excel an excellent tool fors more all complex h e data analysis. For this purpose, Excel includess a more advanced
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capabilities such as PivotTables, PivotCharts, ed and the ability to import data from many sources. Byedobtaining,
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analyzing, and displaying data in smart ways, you can use Excel to assess and dissect the health and functions of
your business.

Importing Data

Small amounts of data can be manually input into Excel cells but manual data entry quickly becomes unwieldy when
Th with large quantities of information or information that regularly
you must deal Th
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do is changes. In modern organizations,
cash registers, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems, e-commerce do
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applications, mobile apps,nt and many other tools can all generate data in different eformats.nt Importing this data into
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Excel for data analysis
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Data can be generated in many pie om forms. au Among the more common forms are:
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• Desktop Databases. Relational databases store information in tables that impose a strict schema on data rows. d !
In addition, relationships between tables can be defined. For example, a table of sales can be related to a
customer table and a product table. Desktop applications, such as Microsoft Access®, store relational databases
in files on a single user’s computer or in file shares. This approach can be simple and productive for individuals
and small teams.

• Database ThManagement Systems. As databases grow and are usedTby his larger teams, server-based database
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managementdsystems
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um become necessary. For example, simultaneous do
modification
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requires advanced functionality
tb to ensure data integrity. Microsoft SQL Server is one n t b such database management
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• Semi-Structured DatadSources. co il.comNot Chall information storage systems impose a strict
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the data they store. In a document sa managementev. system, for example, stored documents s
might
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attributes, such as document title wand ed author fields, but have other unique attributes. Microsoft
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server lists and document libraries are one example of such an information store. Some semi-structured data
storage systems are known as “NoSQL” stores.

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

• Text Files. Some systems may generate data in the form of text files. Common formats include:

o Flat Files. These are text files with no formal structure.

o Comma Separated Files. These text files have a tabular structure in which each value is separated from the
next by a comma, and each line is separated from the next by a carriage return. These files often have a .CSV
filename extension.

o XML Files. These text files include tags in triangular brackets that impose structure and attributes on the data.
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In this course,oyouun will us long to import data from text files, databases, and o u Excel
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Data analysis begins with raw dataallfrom ow a source, v. such as a database or text file, and applies llo
operations
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that
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highlight trends and variability. For example, ! if you have a table of 1,000 customers, each listed with !the amount they
spent with your company in one year, it is difficult to draw conclusions by examining the raw data. By calculating an
average spend, you can immediately determine which customers spend a lot and which ones spend little. If you
know the country each customer lives in, you can identify where customers are prepared to spend a lot on your
products.

Th raw data you have, the more analysis you can perform and
The richer the Ththe more likely you are to spot hidden
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do do can help to optimize your company’s
trends. Frequently, cudata analysis uncovers unexpected facts about the data and cu
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operations, such as advertising campaigns. nt
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Trends are also easieroto g
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i can rapidly alter your data analysis to examine gm Risfrom a different point
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of view. To do this in Excel, cyou op canco use the ha PivotTable tool. With a PivotTable, you cand quickly
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Summarizing and Displaying Data

Even after having applied data analysis, you must frequently display large amounts of data in a way that should make
trends immediately obvious. A small number of key indicators may helpfully be displayed as numbers but charts are
essential for more complex information, such as how an indicator changes over time. Excel includes a wide range of
chart types, which you can apply to any data source.
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PivotCharts are Excel mecharts that enable you to quickly alter the data axes or filters me used to display data. For
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example, in aNPivotChart b elo No examine ca bethe
o u cau showing n
sales data, you could use a filter to rapidly
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An Excel worksheet thatzedisplays
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interactive and enable users to drill down into more detail.

Using Excel with Microsoft SQL Server

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

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Excel can importodata
cu from a wide variety of databases. Microsoft’s premiumodatabase
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Server. ManyNorganizationsn t n
use SQL Server to store business critical information andbsupport key systems such as
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SQL Server to import data. g
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such asRi Oracle and MySQL.
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Get and Transform llo v. l low v.
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Get and Transform is a set of advanced features that you use to import, analyze, and display data from external
sources, including databases. In previous versions of Excel, similar tools were known as Power Query.

Connecting to SQL Server

To connect to SQL Server, follow these steps:

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1. c um QUERY ribbon tab, click From Database, and then clickcuFrom
On the POWER
en me SQL Server Database.
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2. un auSQL
In the Microsoft Database
n dialog, in the Server text box, type the
u name u s of thengSQL Server where you
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want to connect. tho If yougdo not R know the correct server, contact your database ori gm Ris
administrator.
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3. In the Database text box, type s a the name heof the database where you want to connect. Ifs ayou do notshspecify ev. a
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database, Excel will connect towthe ed default database on the server you specified. we
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4. Optionally, you can specify a SQL Statement to query the database. Do this if you are only interested in a
specific set of data and know how to formulate a Transact-SQL query.

5. Click OK.

6. To useTyour Windows® user account to authenticate with the SQLTServer, select Windows authentication.
his his
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oc an account on the SQL Server. In this
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Note: If you clear the Encrypt connection d ! check box in the data connection wizard, data will d ! be transferred
from SQL Server to Excel in plain text. A malicious user might be able to intercept and examine
unencrypted data. Unless you are sure that no data in the database is sensitive or confidential, always
encrypt the connection.

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

For more information about connecting to a SQL Server database, see:

Connect a SQL Server database to your workbook (Power Query)

https://aka.ms/M2r1jc

SQL Server Instances

In many cases,
Th you only need a server name to connect to a database. T Ifhthere is more than one database on a SQL
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Server, and you ddo
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However, a single au ev g s server can also run multiple instances of SQL
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sqlservr.exe process hthatriz hosts systemi databases and user databases. If you haveormultiple ize gmainstances
Ris of SQL Server
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op to specify h athe c c
us instance name, in addition to the server name, op when o youauconnect. In
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some cases, you might also need llo specify a eport
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Use the following format:

ServerName\InstanceName,PortNumber

Demonstration: Connecting Excel to SQL Server

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• Connect Excelnato SQL u s Serverng to import data into a table. un ause longs
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Demonstration steps l low llo
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Connect to SQL Server Express and Import Data

1. Ensure that the MT17B-WS2016-NAT, 20779B-MIA-DC, 20779B-MIA-SQL, and 20779B-MIA-CLI virtual

machines are all running, and then log on to 20779B-MIA-CLI as Student with the password Pa55w.rd.

2. Start Excel.
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3. c u cu
On the Welcome me screen, click Blank workbook. me
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4. u
On the ribbon, u
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s the gData tab, click Get External Data, click From Other u na u ng and then click From
sSources,
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5. In the Data Connection wizard, sa he sa he
llo in the Server v. name text box, type MIA-SQL. l l o v.
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6. Click Use the following User Name and Password, in the User Name box, type Student, and in the
Password box, type Pa55w.rd, and then click Next.

7. In the list of databases, select AdventureWorksLT2012.

8. In the list of tables, click Product, and then click Next.

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9. Click Finish.do do
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10. In the Import cData b e N c be
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u n a u se o n g s l click OK. Excel imports and displays product
ou dataau from lonthe Adventure Works
a n a s e gs
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Limitations of Excel Ranges d! and Tables d!

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

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In Excel, data is organized
me into ranges of cells. You can add a calculation to aoccell
um that uses values from one or more
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functionality, o riz g ma Rinclude
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• Header Row. You can create a header row at the top of the table. The header row stores a name for each !
column.

• Sortable Columns. The header row cell for each column enables you to sort the rows based on the values in the
column. You can sort in ascending or descending order.

• Column TFilters. The header row cell for each column also enables you Th to define filters for rows. A filter defines a
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Note that these rows nt are hidden by the filter, not removed from the spreadsheet. nt
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• Structured References. to Excel range, you must refer to a different cellauby r@ sand
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• Calculated Columns. You can add a column to a table that calculates a value based on the corresponding values
in one or more other columns. For example, if you had a “Product Cost” column and a “Product Price” column,
you could add a calculated column for “Product Profit”.

• Total Row. You can add a final row to the table that displays aggregate values, such as the total of the values in
each column or the average of those values.
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You can use N tables to nt
display and analyze two-dimensional data—that is, data in nt and columns. However,
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If you have rich data in a table and lyou .
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creating a PivotTable. You will learn about ! PivotTables and PivotCharts in the next lesson. !

Lesson 2: Excel PivotTables

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

Excel is a good tool to store and present two-dimensional or tabular data. It has many formulas that you can use to
begin data analysis. You can also use Excel tables when you want extra features, such as data filters or sorting
options. However, cell ranges and tables store data statically and do not permit the user to examine it from different
points of view. For example, in a table of purchases listed by date, it might not be obvious which customer spent
most during a year, or the countries where high-spending customers live. By using PivotTables and PivotCharts, you
can rapidly shift to a different data analysis and diagnose hidden trends in your data. In this lesson, you will see how
PivotTables and PivotCharts enable dynamic and interactive data analysis.

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Lesson objectives
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At the end of this lesson, nt you will be able to: nt
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• Describe the difficulties riz that o
ofteni arise when using Excel ranges and tables to present
riz g and Ranalyze
i large
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• Describe the functionality and advantages ed of PivotTables. ed
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• Describe how a PivotChart can display and summarize data in a dynamic and interactive way.

Excel PivotTables
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A PivotTable is a dynamic presentation of two-dimensional data. Unlike a table, a PivotTable does not store its
underlying values. Instead, you can use a PivotTable to display data from a range of cells, a table, or other sources.

To create a PivotTable, you must first choose a data source. You can choose the following types of data source:
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• Ranges. You can cu base a PivotTable on a range of cells in the current workbook. cu
me me Note that, if you added new data
nt nt
to the range,
No you c mightb eneed to modify the PivotTables source manually.
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riz a PivotTable i on a table in the current workbook. Note that rinew
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• External Data Sources. If you have we added an w
external data source to a workbook, you can use ddata from it as
e
d! !
the basis of a PivotTable. For example, you could create a PivotTable to analyze data from a database.

• Data Models. A workbook can include a data model and you can use this as a PivotTable’s data source. For more

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

information about data models, see Module 2 of this course.

Having chosen the data to analyze, you must decide how to display the data. You can choose:

• Columns. Depending on the data source, multiple dimensions might be available to use as columns. For
example, if the source data has “Year” values, and you select this for the PivotTable columns, you will see a
column for each year.
Th Th
is is
do do
• Rows. You mustum c also choose a value in the data source to create rows from.cu For example, if the source data has
en me
t nt
“Category” Novalues, and b you select this for the PivotTable rows, you will be each category.
c e
u n a u se l o n g s
N o u crow
see a au for l
au na se ongs
v
tho r@g to R uth v r@ to
• Values. These determine the values
i that are displayed in each column of the PivotTable. ori gm Values R
riz
ed mail. ste C ze
d ail iste are Ch
often the sum
c c h c .c
of all data points for a given op rowom and column,
a us but values can also be averages or other o p o
aggregate m values.
a us For the
ies he ies he
columns and rows above, a single all cell might vdisplay
. the sum of all sales in 2015 for the a
category
l l “Tablets”. v.
ow ow
ed ed
! !
• Report Filters. You can use the Filters list to focus your PivotTable on a specific set of data. For example, you
could use a filter to ensure that the PivotTable displays sales data for a single year.

• Slicers. A slicer also filters the data in the PivotTable. A slicer has a separate box that enables you to click a
value. Items that match the value are displayed in the table while other data is temporarily removed. The graphical
nature of a slicer makes it easy to understand what data is currently displayed in the PivotTable.
Th Th
is is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
No b be
ca lon change in a few clicks without altering theNunderlying
ecan o u cau data l
All of the above uproperties
na u s e gs na se ongsource. st
This dynamic
u t v r @ to u tho v r@ oR
ability to change the hpoint
ori ofgview is
R what makes PivotTables so useful for data analysis. g
m is riz i
ze
d c ail.c te Ch ed mail. ste C
op om a co co ha
ies us pie m us
For more information about creating he see:
all a PivotTable, sa he
ow v. l low v.
ed ed
! !
Create a PivotTable to analyze worksheet data

https://aka.ms/Ibvjix

Demonstration: Creating a Simple PivotTable

Th Th
is is
do
In this demonstration, do
cu you will see how to: cu
me me
nt nt
No ca b elo No ca belo
• Create a PivotTable
un usto summarize
n gs information imported from a database. u na u s ng
au e uth evr@ s to
tho vr@g to R ori gm Ris
riz i
ed mail. ste C ze a te
co c ha d co il.com Cha
pie om us pie us
sa he sa he
Demonstration steps llo
we
v. l l o we
v.
d! d!
Create a PivotTable That Analyses Product Data

1. Ensure that the MT17B-WS2016-NAT, 20779B-MIA-DC, 20779B-MIA-SQL, and 20779B-MIA-CLI virtual

machines are all running, and then log on to 20779B-MIA-CLI as Student with the password Pa55w.rd.

2. Open File Explorer and browse to D:\Demofiles\Mod01.

Th Th
is is
do do
3. Double-clickcProductData.xslx.
um cu
me
en nt
tb
No ca elo No ca belo
4. u
On the ribbon, u
na click n
s the gInsert tab, and then click PivotTable. u na u s ng
uth evr@ s to uth evr@ s to
ori gm R is ori gm Ris
ze il.c teinC the Table/Range text box, type Products. zed te
5. In the Create PivotTable d c adialog, ha
a
co il.com Cha
op o
ies m us
he
pie
sa
us
he
all v. l l v.
6. Ensure that New Worksheet iswselected, o and then click OK. o we
ed d
! !
7. Select a cell in the new PivotTable.

8. On the ribbon, on the Analyze tab, click PivotTable; in the PivotTable Name text box, type ProductAnalysis.

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

9. In the PivotTable Fields task pane, in the list of fields, right-click ProductCategory, and then click Add to row
labels.

10. In the list of fields, right-click ListPrice, and then click Add to Values.

11. In the list of fields, right-click Color, and then click Add to Column Labels.

12. Close Excel, saving any changes.

Th Th
is is
do do
cu cu
me me
Excel PivotCharts
N c
nt
be No c
nt
be
ou au lon un ause longs
na s g
uth evr@ s to au v
tho r@g to R
ori gm Ris riz i
ze
d c ail.c te Ch ed mail. ste C
o co c ha
op
ies m au
sh pie om us
all ev. sa he
ow llo v.
ed we
! d!

Th Th
is is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
No c be No c be
u n a u se l o n g s un ause longs
au v au
tho r@g to R tho vr@g to R
riz i riz i
ed mail. ste C ed mail. ste C
co co ha co co ha
pie m us pie m us
sa he sa he
llo v. llo v.
we we
d! d!

PivotCharts differ from standard Excel charts in the same way that PivotTables differ from standard tables. A
Th Th
PivotChart gives
is you dynamic controls that you can use to examine the data
do is from different points of view.
do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
The range of NPivotChart b elo is broad and similar to standard chart types. ca byou
No However,
o u cau types n u u
elo cannot create scatter
ng
s s
graph, bubble, ornastock vr@ gPivotCharts.
uth echart st
oR
na
uth evr@ s to
ori gm is ori gm Ris
ze ze
d c ail.c te Ch d c ail.c te Ch
o om au op om au
PivotCharts cannot be based pon iesstandard data
sh ranges or tables. If you select such data and
ev.
iescreate a PivotChart,
sh
all a l ev.
Excel creates the required PivotTablewfor o l o
ed you. You can, however, base a PivotChart on a Data Model we or an external
d!
!
data source, such as a database, without a PivotTable. Such a PivotTable is referred to as “stand-alone” or
“decoupled”.

Dynamic controls available in PivotCharts include:

• Axes. In bar graphs, for example, you can alter the values used to plot vertical and horizontal values.
Th Th
is is
do do
• Filters. You cancuchoose
me to filter data based on, for example, a year or a customer. cu
me
nt nt
No ca b elo No ca belo
u
• Sorting Controls. na Youu n
s cangchoose the order that values appear in on axes. u na u s ng
uth evr@ s to uth evr@ s to
ori gm R is ori gm Ris
ze ze
d c ail.c tethese
• Slicers. Like slicers in PivotTables, C ha are a type of filter with a separate user interfaced a
co ilthat
.c you
te
Chcan use to drill
op o pie om au
ies m us
h s sh
down into data. all ev. a llo ev.
ow we
ed d
! !

Lesson 3: Limitations of Classic Data Analysis

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

Lesson objectives
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

• Describe how the need to combine data into a single range or table imposes difficulties on data analysis.

• Describe limits often encountered when importing data into Excel and manipulating data to prepare for analysis.

Th Th
is is
do do
Combining Data
cu
me
cu
me
nt nt
No c be No c be
u n a u se l o n g s un ause longs
au v au v
tho r@g to R tho r@g to R
riz i riz i
ed mail. ste C ed mail. ste C
co c ha co c ha
pie om us pie om us
sa he sa he
llo v. llo v.
we we
d! d!

Th Th
is is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
No c be No c be
u n a u se l o n g s un ause longs
au v au
tho r@g to R tho vr@g to R
riz i riz i
ed mail. ste C ed mail. ste C
co co ha co co ha
pie m us pie m us
sa he sa he
llo v. llo v.
we we
d! d!

PivotTables and PivotCharts require that the data is in a single range or a single table. This can cause difficulties
when you want to perform analyses on data from several different places in a workbook.
Th Th
is is
do do
cu cu
Using VLOOKUP() me me
nt nt
No ca b elo No ca belo
You can use theuVLOOKUP()
na u s n
function
g to combine data from two different u
rangesna u
or stablesnginto a single range or table.
uth evr@ s to uth evr@ s to
A PivotTable can use the o riz resulting
g R
combined
i data because it is in a contiguous range.ori gm Ris
ed mail. ste C ze a te
co c ha d co il.com Cha
pie om us pie us
sa he sa he
The VLOOKUP() syntax is as follows: llo v. l l o v.
we we
d! d!
=VLOOKUP(lookup value, source range, column number, approximate match)

Where:

• lookup value. This is the value you want to search for in the specified range.
Th Th
is is
do do
• source range. cThis
um is the range of rows and columns through which you want cu VLOOKUP() to search for the
en me
lookup value. tb nt
No ca elo No ca belo
un us n g u na u s ng
ev uth evr@ s to
• column number.
au
thThis r@ s to
ori is the
gm column
R is that contains the values you want to return.
ori gm Ris
ze ze
d c ail.c te Ch d c ail.c te Ch
o om au op o au
• approximate match. This pisiea s aBoolean value sh that indicates whether you want the VLOOKUP() ies m to return sh values
llo e v. a llo ev
when there is only an approximate wmatch
ed to the lookup value. If this argument is false, an exact wematch is .required.
! d !

If you had a table of product details, and a table of product purchases, if both tables included the product ID, you

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

could use a VLOOKUP() to add a column from product details to the product purchases by using the product ID as
the lookup value. You would need to add this VLOOKUP() to every row of the product purchases table.

Performance Issues

A single VLOOKUP() performs well. However, to add a single row from another table, you need one VLOOKUP() for
every row of the new table. With thousands of rows, this might cause a considerable delay in calculating values. You
might also want to add more than one column, or have many large tables to combine into one before you create a
PivotTable. T Th
his is
do do
cu cu
me mecombined data can multiply very
Clearly, the number of VLOOKUP()
nt functions in a worksheet with large amounts of nt
N b e N b
quickly. This often ca
o u results
u inlopoorly
n performing workbooks. o u cau elon
na s e g s na se gs
uth v r to uth v r to
ori @gm Ris ori @gm Ris
ze ze
d c ail.c te Ch d c ail.c te Ch
Obtaining and Processing op
ies m
o Dataau op
ies m
o au
sh sh
all ev. a l ev.
ow l ow
ed ed
! !

Th Th
is is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
No c be No c be
u n a u se l o n g s un ause longs
au v au
tho r@g to R tho vr@g to R
riz i riz i
ed mail. ste C ed mail. ste C
co co ha co co ha
pie m us pie m us
sa he sa he
llo v. llo v.
we we
d! d!

Th Th
is is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
In addition toNthe need to bcombine data into a single range for use in PivotTables,
No be other limitations often
ca several
o u cau elon l
impinge on Excel’s se to analyze
na ability g s data by using traditional methods.
u n a
u se ongs
uth vr@ to uth vr@ to
ori gm Ris ori gm Ris
ze a il. te z e a il. te
dc Ch dc Ch
Scalability o p co m au op com au
ies sh ies sh
all ev. a llo ev.
ow we
Excel worksheets have a limit of 1 million ed rows. This is an enormous number if you enter data manually d! but you might
!
easily exceed it if you import rows from a medium or large database. In business databases, a table with more than 1
million rows is not unusual.

Even within the 1 million row limit, the use of VLOOKUP() functions to combine data can cause long delays. Half a
million rows, for example, with three columns imported from another table, requires 1.5 million VLOOKUP() functions.
Th Th
is is
Data Sources doc cu
do
um me
en nt
Although Excel can importt b data from a wide variety of sources and not only from databases, there are popular
No ca elo No ca belo
u na useu n u
seas thegsbasis of a table in Excel. For example, the following
n u s ng
sources you cannot uth vr@ au e
sources s are growing in popularity:
ori
to
gm Ris tho vr@g to R
ze rize m is
d c ail.c te Ch d c ail.c te Ch
o o a
m andusother platforms become more important to marketing
pie Twitter, o pie o m andausales,
• Social Media. As Facebook, sa he sh many
v sa ev
analysts would benefit from examining l l o . l l o in .a
we social media data, such as the performance of advertisements, we
d! d!
PivotTable or PivotChart.

• Business Systems. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems, document management systems, and
other business-critical systems might not make data available through ODBC or OLEDB. Other popular formats

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

include JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) and OData. This data might be available through a web service on Port
80 or some other protocol.

Processing Data

Another barrier to data analysis that many users have encountered is the limited capability that Excel includes to
process data before analysis. For example, each row in a SalesItems table might represent the quantity of purchases
for one product.
Th However, to make a purchase on a website, a customerThusually fills a shopping cart with multiple
is
do sales from the point of view of purchases, rather thanis products,
products. To analyze do might be difficult.
cu cu
me me
nt nt
No c be No ca belo
un austo
Two possible solutions lon problems include:
these u u ng
e g na s
au
tho vr@g to R
s uth evr@ s to
riz i o riz g Ri
ed mail. ste C ed mail. ste C
• Macros. Advanced Excelousers c c h c c ha
pie ocan m use auVBA macros to perform complex repetitive actions
sh
op
ies m
oon data. us
sa e all he
llo v. ow v.
• Transact-SQL Queries. Users witheknowledge w of the Transact-SQL query language can create equeries that join
d! d!
multiple related tables, perform calculations, and take other actions on data as Excel retrieves it from the
database.

Both these approaches require significant user knowledge and the ability to write code.
Th Th
is is
do do
Lab: Buildingmean Classic Excel Dashboard
cu
me
cu
tb nt
No c e No c be
u n a u se l o n g s un ause longs
au v a uth vr@
Scenario tho r@g to R ori gm Ris
to
riz i
ed mail. ste C ze
dc a i l.c e Ch
t
co c ha
You have been given a spreadsheet pie omcontaining us data exported from a sales database. Theopdatai e
om
is in itsaraw
us form as it
sa he sa he
l
appears in the tables of the originallodatabase—neither v. modification nor summarization has been l lowapplied. You v. have
we e
d! d!
been asked to create a dashboard from the data that can be used to analyze sales trends.

Objectives
At the end of this lab, you will be able to:

Th
• Use VLOOKUP() Th tables, which can be used by a PivotTable
functions to create a single table of data from multiple
is is
do do
for analysis. c um cu
en me
tb nt
No elo No b
• Create and configure
un
c a us PivotTables.
n u
c au elon
ev gs na se g
au
tho r@g to R uth vr@ s to
riz m i s ori gm Ris
te slicers. ze
• Create and configure PivotCharts
ed a
co il.com Cha
and d c ail.c te Ch
op o au
pie
sa
us
he ies m sh
llo v. all ev.
we o we
d! d!
Lab setup

Estimated Time: 40 minutes

Virtual machine: 20779B-MIA-CLI

User name: TStudent

his Th
is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
Password: Pa55w.rd
No ca belo No ca belo
un us ng un us ng
au e s au e s
tho vr@g to R tho vr@g to R
riz m ist riz m i st
Exercise 1: Formatting ed Data
a e ed a e
co il.com Cha co il.com Cha
pie us pie us
sa he sa he
llo v. llo v.
we we
d! d!
Scenario

In this exercise, you will combine data from four tables into a single table. The four tables have been exported from a
database with no manipulation. Later, you will create a PivotTable from this single range of data.

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

The main tasks for this exercise are as follows:

1. Open the Worksheet

2. Add the CustomerID Column to the SalesItems Table

3. Add the SalesPerson Column to the SalesItems Table

4. Add the BillToAddressID Column to the SalesItems Table

Th Th
is is
do do
5. cu
Add the BillToStateProvince Column to the SalesItems Table cu
me me
nt nt
No c be No c be
u n a u se l o n g s un ause longs
au v au v
tho r@g to R tho r@g to R
riz ma ist riz i
e ed mail. ste C
Detailed Steps ▼ ed co il.com Cha co c ha
pie us pie om us
sa he sa he
llo v. llo v.
we we
d! d!
Detailed Steps ▼

Detailed Steps ▼

Detailed Steps ▼
Th Th
is is
do do
cu cu
me me
Detailed Steps ▼nt b nt
No ca elo No ca belo
un u s n gs u na u s ng
au e uth evr@ s to
tho vr@g to R o g Ris
Result: A single Excelriztable ist VLOOKUP() function calls to include data from riz other
ed m that
a uses e ed maitables. te
co il.com Cha co l .c Ch
pie us pie om au
sh
sa he s all ev.
llo v. ow
we e
d! d!
Exercise 2: Building PivotTables

Scenario

In this exercise, you will use the single SalesItems table you created in Exercise 1 as the basis of three PivotTables:
one to display total sales, one to display total items, and one to display average discount, for states and sales
Th Th
people. is is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
No for this b elo
ca exercise No ca belo
The main tasks un us n are as follows: u ng
e gs u na s
au
tho vr@g to R uth evr@ s to
riz ma is ori gm Ris
il.c te C ze a te
1. Add a PivotTable toethe d c Spreadsheet
o ha d co il.com Cha
op
ies m us
he
pie
sa
us
he
all v. llo v.
2. Configure the TotalSalesAnalysis ow PivotTable we
ed d!
!
3. Add a PivotTable to the Spreadsheet

4. Configure the TotalItemsAnalysis PivotTable

5. Add a PivotTable to the Spreadsheet

6. Th the AverageDiscountAnalysis PivotTable

Configure Th
is is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
No ca belo No ca belo
un us ng un us ng
au e s au e s
Detailed Steps tho▼ vr@g to R tho vr@g to R
riz m a ist riz m a i st
ed e ed e
co il.com Cha co il.com Cha
pie us pie us
sa he sa he
Detailed Steps ▼ llo v. llo v.
we we
d! d!

Detailed Steps ▼

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

Detailed Steps ▼

Detailed Steps ▼

Detailed Steps ▼

Result: A T his
spreadsheet Thdata from the SalesItems table.
that has three different PivotTables, all analyzing is
do do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
No b e N b
u
ca
u lon o u cau elon
Exercise 3: Adding na s e PivotCharts
g s and a Slicer na se gs
uth v r to uth v r to
ori @gm Ris ori @gm Ris
ze ze
d c ail.c te Ch d c ail.c te Ch
op o au op o au
ies m sh ies m sh
Scenario all ev. a l ev.
ow l ow
ed ed
! !
In this exercise, you will add two PivotCharts to the Analysis worksheet to display data in graphical form. One chart
will display total sales amounts and the other will display total items sold. You will also add a slicer that can filter the
data based on Product ID.

The main tasks for this exercise are as follows:

Th Th
1. is
Insert a Total is
do Sales PivotChart do
cu cu
me me
nt nt
2. Insert aNTotal be be
o u cau PivotChart
Items l No c
un ause longs
na se o n g s au
uth v r@ to tho vr@g to R
3. Add a Slicer ori gm Ris riz i
ze
dc a i l.
te
Ch ed mail. ste C
o p co m au co
pie
co
m ha
us
ies sh sa he
all ev. llo v.
ow we
ed d!
!
Detailed Steps ▼

Detailed Steps ▼

DetailedT Steps ▼
Th
his is
do do
cu cu
me me
Result: An N nt
Excel spreadsheet that includes a simple dashboard that displays andnanalyses
t sales data
b No ca belo
o u cau elon un us ng
interactively. na se g s a e s
uth vr@ to uth vr@ to
ori gm Ris ori gm Ris
ze a il. te z e a il. te
dc Ch dc Ch
o p co m au op com au
ies sh ies sh
Review Question(s) all
ow
ev. a llo ev.
ed we
! d!

Check Your Knowledge

Discovery
In Exercise 1, you merged columns from the SalesOrderHeaders, Customers, and Addresses tables into the SalesItems
T T
table. What ishithe
s total number of calls to the VLOOKUP() function made inhithe
s completed SalesItems table?
do do
cu cu
me me
Show solution nReset
tb nt
No c e No ca belo
u n a u se l o n g s un us
e ng
s
au v au
tho r @
g
to
Ri tho vr@g to R
riz riz i st
ed mail. ste C ed m a e
co c ha co il.com Cha
pie om us pie us
Check Your Knowledge sa
llo
he
v. sa
llo
he
v.
we we
d! d!

Discovery
The original database includes a table named Product. This table uses the ProductID as a primary key and has a

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Module 1: Data Analysis in Excel 18.10.21, 17:22

column called “Name”. How could you enable users to select a product name in the slicer instead of a product ID?

Show solution Reset

Module review and takeaways

In this module, you have learned how Excel can be used to import and analyze data from a wide variety of sources,
Th
including databases, text files, and other systems. You have also seen how Th Excel enables users to create interactive
is is
do do
displays of that datac umin PivotTables and PivotCharts for analyses from multiplecpoints um of view. Finally, you learned
en en
about the limits t techniques, tb
No of thesec b e which new features of Excel can overcome.
N o u cau elon
u n a u se l o n g s na s g
au
tho vr@g to R uth evr@ s to
riz i o riz g Ri
Review Question(s) ed mail. ste C ed mail. ste C
co co h au c op c o ha
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Discovery
You have a database table that contains sales data from the last five years. There are approximately 1.5 million rows in
the table. You want to analyze sales data from 2015 in Excel. What technical issues can you foresee and how can you
solve them?
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