IJSO - PCCP

54. A ball is dropped at t = 0 from a height on a smooth elastic surface. Identify the graph which correctly
represents the variation of kinetic energy K with time t:

(A) (B) (C) (D)

55. A particle of mass m at rest is acted upon by a force F for a time t. Its kinetic energy after an interval t is:
F2 t 2 F2 t 2 F2 t 2 Ft
(A) (B) (C) (D)
m 2m 3m 2m

56. A mass of 1 mg is equivalent to energy of :

(A) 9 × 1010 J (B) 9 × 106 J (C) 3 × 106 J (D) 3 × 1010 J

EXERCISE # 3

IJSO STAGE-I (PREVIOUS YEARS)

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. A certain force acting on a body of mass 2 kg increases its velocity from 6 m/s to 15 m/s in 2 s. The
work done by the force during this interval is : (IJSO/Stage-I/2008)
(A) 27 J (B) 3 J (C) 94.5 J (D) 189 J

2. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a certain initial velocity. Assume that there is no resistance due
to air. Among the graphs below, the graph that is not an appropriate representation of the motion of the
ball is: (KVPY/2008)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

(A) I (B) II (C) III (D) IV

3. A solid square plate is spun around different axes with the same angular speed. In which of the
following choice of axis of rotation will the kinetic energy of the plate be the largest ? (KVPY/2009)
(A) through the central normal to the plate. (B) along one of the diameter of the plate.
(C) along one of the edges of the plate. (D) through one corner normal to the plate.

4. A loaded bus (mass m2) and an unloaded bus (mass m1) are both moving with the same kinetic energy.
Brakes are applied to both the buses so as to exert equal retarding force. If s1 and s2 are the distances
s
covered by the two buses respectively, before coming to rest, then 1 is : (IJSO/Stage-I/2011)
s2

m m1 m 21
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 1 (C) (D)
m2 m2 m 22

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5. A boy throws a stone (mass 100g) vertically upwards. It reaches a height of 10 m and then falls to the
ground. The work done by the boy is : (g = 10 ms-2) (IJSO/Stage-I/2011)
(A) 10 J. (B) 20 J. (C) zero. (D) –10 J.

6. A 750 W motor drives a pump which lifts 300 litres of water per minute to a height of 6 meters. The
efficiency of the motor is nearly : (take acceleration due to gravity to be 10 m/s2) (KVPY/2011)
(A) 30% (B) 40% (C) 50% (D) 20%

7. In a nuclear reactor the fission process of each atom gives out an energy of 200MeV. According to
Einstein's equation the amount of mass getting converted to energy in this process is :
(IJSO/Stage-I/2012)
(A) 3.55X10-30 Kg (B) 3.55X10-38 Kg (C) 3.55X10-28 Kg (D) 3.55X10-27 Kg

8. A block of mass m is sliding down an inclined plane with constant speed. At a certain instant t0, its
height above the ground is h. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the plane is µ. If
the block reaches the ground at a later instant tg, then the energy dissipated by friction in the time
interval (tg – t0) is– (KVPY/2012)

(A) µmgh (B) µmgh/sin θ (C) mgh (D) µmgh/cos θ

9. An object of mass 1 kg is made to slide down a smooth inclined plane of length 20m. If the kinetic
energy possessed by the body at the bottom of the plane is 100 J, then the inclination of the plane with
the horizontal is : (take g = 10 ms-2) (IJSO/Stage-I/2013)
(A) 45º (B) 37º (C) 60º (D) 30º
10. A block of mass 2 Kg placed on a floor experiences an external force in horizontal direction of 20N,
frictional force of 6N and normal force of 20N. The body travels a distance of 10m under the combined
effect of all these force. If Initially body is at rest then what is the kinetic energy of the body at the end
of 4m : (IJSO/Stage-I/2013)
(A) 140J (B) 260J (C) 60J (D) 56 J
11. A body of mass 2 kg moving in the positive X-direction with a speed 4ms-1 collides head on with an
another body of mass 3 kg moving in the negative X-direction with a speed of 1 ms-1. During collision a
loud sound is heard and they both start moving together. The sound energy cannot be greater than:
(IJSO/Stage-I/2013)
(A) 12J (B) 14J (C) 15J (D) 17.5J
12. If two bodies of different masses, initially at rest, are acted upon by the same force for the same time,
then both bodies acquire the same: (IJSO/Stage-I/2014)
(A) Velocity (B) acceleration (C) momentum (D) kinetic energy
13. A box when dropped from a certain height reaches the ground with a speed ν. When it slides from rest from
the same height down a rough inclined plane inclined at an angle 45° to the horizontal, it reaches the ground
with a speed ν/3. The coefficient of sliding friction between the box and the plane is (acceleration due to
gravity is 10 ms–2) (KVPY/2014)
8 1 2 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
9 9 3 3
14. A lift is moving up at constant speed. Consider the following statements: (IJSO/Stage-I/2015)
I. The tension in the string is constant
II. The K.E of the elevator is constant
III. The gravitational P.E of the earth lift system is constant :
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 IJSO - PCCP
IV. The acceleration of the elevator is zero.
V. The mechanical energy of the earth -lift system is constant.
Choose the correct option
(A) Only II and V are true (B) Only IV and V are true
(B) Only I, II and III are true (D) Only I, II and IV are true
15. Two toy cars (a and b) fixed with spring at front, collide as shown in the figure below. 'a' has a mass of
200 g and is initially moving to the right. Car 'b' has a mass of 300 g and is initially at rest. When the
separation between the cars is minimum : (IJSO/Stage-I/2015)

(A) car b is at rest

(B) car a has come to rest
(C) both cars have the same kinetic energy (K.E.)
(D) the K.E of the system is at a minimum
16. If a force acting is conservative only when : (IJSO/Stage-I/2015)
(A) work done by this force is zero when the particle moves once around any closed path
(B) it obeys Newton's third law
(C) its work is the change in the K.E of the particle
(D) it is not a frictional force

17. A parachutist with total weight 75 kg drops vertically onto a sandy ground with a speed of 2 ms–1 and comes
to a halt over a distance of 0.25 m. The average force from the ground on her is close to – (KVPY/2015)
(A) 600 N (B) 1200 N (C) 1350 N (D) 1950 N

18. Water falls down a 500.0 m shaft to reach a turbine which generates electricity. How much water must fall
per second in order to generate 1.00 ×109 Watts of power? (Assume 50% efficiency of conversion and g=
10m/s2) (KVPY/2016)
(A) 250 m3 (B) 400 m3 (C) 500 m3 (D) 200 m3

19. A trolley runs from point P to Q along a track, as shown in the figure. At point Q, its potential energy is
50 kJ less than at point P. At point P, the trolley has kinetic energy 5 kJ. Between P and Q, work done
against friction is 10 kJ. What is the kinetic energy at point Q ? (IJSO/Stage-II/2010)

(A) 35 kJ (B) 45 kJ (C) 55 kJ (D) 65 kJ

20. In a housing society, a water pump of efficiency 80% is used to lift water upto the overhead tank. It lifts
3600 kg water in 10 minutes. The pump is run on an electric motor having efficiency 75%. Calculate
horse power of the motor. Water tank is 30m above the basement tank level. (IJSO/Stage-II/2011)
(A) 4 HP (B) 240 HP (C) 3.2 HP (D) 2.4 HP

21. Perpetual motion of a body cannot be achieved on earth as it violates the law of (IJSO/Stage-II/2011)
(i) conservation of mometum
(ii) conservation of energy
(iii) law of conservation of mass
Which of the above is/are in correct?
(A) only i (B) only ii (C) i and ii (D) i, ii and iii

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22. The diagram shows a lift system in which the elevator (massm1) is partly counterbalanced by a heavy
weight (mass m2). (IJSO/Stage-II/2012)

At what rate does the motor provide energy to the system when the elevator is rising at a steady speed
v? (g = acceleration of free fall) (consider the pulley as frictionless at the pivot)
1
(A) (m1 + m2 )gv (B) (m1 + m2 )gv
2
(C) (m1 m2)gv/(m1 + m2) (D) (m1 – m2)gv
23. A load is to be moved using a wheelbarrow. The total mass of the load and wheelbarrow is 60 kg. The
magnitude of gravitational acceleration is 10 ms-2. (IJSO/Stage-II/2012)

What is the work done if the handle is raised by 50 cm?

(A) 35.0 J (B) 17.5 J (C) 175 J (D) 350 J
24. Considering Earth and the Sun to be spherical object, the amount of radiant energy received by the
Earth per second is nearly. (IJSO/Stage-II/2013)
(A) 1360 W. (B) 1.75 × 1017 W. (C) 3.5 × 1017 W. (D) 7 × 1017 W.

25. A truck and a car moving with the same kinetic energy are brought to rest by application of brakes
which provide equal total retarding force for both. The truck has 8 tyres, and weighs 4 times more than
the car which has 4 tyres. What can you say about the distance in which the two vehicles stop?
(IJSO/Stage-II/2014)
(A) The car will stop at a shorter distance. (B) The truck will stop at a shorter distance.
(C) They will stop at the same distance. (D) Not enough information is given.

26. A stone of mass m fall from a height H on soft muddy ground and sinks to a depth of H/2. Assume that
the mud exerts a constant resistive force of magnitude F. Neglecting air resistance, F is
(IJSO/Stage-II/2018)
(A) 2 mg (B) mg/2 (C) 3 mg (D) mg

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. A food packet of mass 20 kg is dropped from a helicopter at rest, in air. The packet falls under gravity.
It gains a kinetic energy of 5000 J when it acquires terminal velocity (constant velocity) due to air
resistance. The force of air resistance F is given by F = –kv. Calculate the value of k.
(IJSO/Stage-II/2015)
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 IJSO - PCCP
2. Masses of 300g and 500g are hung at the opposite ends of a light inextensible string. The string passes
over a smooth horizonatl peg. The system is released from rest. Calculate the loss is gravitational
potential energy of the system when the 300 g mass has ascended by 1 m. At this instant, the other mass
is suddenly reduced by 400 g. How much further will the 300 g mass ascend ? Neglect air resistance.
(IJSO/Stage-II/2015)

3. A student of mass 75 kg rides a bicycle of mass 25 kg. The student has a habit of standing on the paddle, one
leg at a time, so that the force of his weight drives the bicycle. Distance between the top and the bottom
positions of the pedal is 20 cm. Ratio of the paddle wheel (bigger) and the gear (on the rear wheel) is 10.
Radius of the rear wheel of the cycle is 50 cm. the student takes 6 seconds for one full pedal (both the legs)
and spends only that much energy so that the cycle runs continuously with constant velocity.
(I) Calculate the average power that the student provides to the cycle.
(II) Calculate the kinetic energy of only the cycle during this uniform motion.
(III)What fraction of this kinetic energy (of the cycle) is the loss of energy in various dissipation
mechanisms during one full pedal? (IJSO/Stage-II/2016)

4. Whenever we charge a conductor, its electrical potential goes a increasing (as work is done). At any
instant, the charge to potential always bear a constant ratio (q/V = constant). This constant is defined as
the capacitance C of the conductor. Capacitor is just a mechanical arrangement to increase the capacity
of an isolated conductor that makes it possible to store more charge at less potential. Electron volt (1 eV
= 1.6 × 10–19 J) is a much smaller unit of energy. popularly used for energies of electrons.
In detection of nuclear radiation, scintillation detector is a very useful device which converts high
energy radiation into a more readable quantity like voltage. This detector consists of a scintillator which
converts high energy radiation into low energy photons. For a material called Anthracene 15 photons
are generated per 1000 eV radiation absorbed. These low energy photon are then incident on a
photomultiplier which generates electrons with an efficiency of 10% in its initial section. The number
of electrons generated is too low to be read by any device. To convert the number of electrons to
measurable signal, later section of photo multiplier multiplies this number of electrons by a
multiplication factor ‘f’. These electron (basically charges) are then collected in a capacitor to produce
a voltage across capacitor V.
Now let 10 ke V β particles be incident on such a detector. Assume that all photons produced by the
scintillator reach the photomultiplier. If the capacitance of the capacitor is 120 pF, and it produces a
voltage of 2 mV, then find out the multiplication factor of photomultiplier. (IJSO/Stage-II/2016)

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 IJSO - PCCP

Answer Key

EXERCISE # 1

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
PART -I
SECTION (A) : Work
A-5. 5 3 N

SECTION (B) : ENERGY

B-2. 107 Erg B-11. 10 m

SECTION (C) : POWER

C-2. 100 W C-3. (i) 2610 N (ii) 6003 J (iii) 1500.75 W

SECTION (D) : MOTION IN VERTICAL CIRCLE

D-1. T1 – mg D-2. T1 + mg

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
PART -II
SECTION (A) : Work
A-1. C A-2. C A-3. C A-4. D A-5. B

A-6. B A-7. C A-8. C A-9. A A-10. B

A-11. C A-12. C A-13. B A-14. C A-15. D

A-16. B A-17. D A-18. B A-19 C

SECTION (B) : ENERGY

B-1. A B-2. D B-3. A B-4. D B-5. D

B-6. C B-7. C B-8. D B-9. A B-10. C

B-11. B B-12. C B-13. C B-14. C B-15. B

B-16. A B-17. D B-18. B B-19. B B-20. C

B-21. B B-22. B

SECTION (C) : POWER

C-1. D C-2. A C-3. C C-4. B C-5. D

C-6. B C-7. B C-8. C

SECTION (D) : MOTION IN VERTICAL CIRCLE

D-1. B D-2. C D-3. B D-4. B&C

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EXERCISE # 2

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
MgL  h
1. 5 ms–1 2. − 3. mg 1 +  4. 4.5 J 5. 10–4 kg m–1
8  d
aL2 bL3
6. 40 W 7. + 8. –586 J 9. –175 J 10. 0.31 m
2 3
MgL 3 2
11. 5 12. – 180 J 13. Mgh 14. 15. kx
2 2
2
16. 0.65kR2 17. No, Particle will leave the circle at θ = cos–1   18. 0.6
3
19. 19.6 J 20. 67 J

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. A A B B B D C A B A B C A A D A B C D A
Ques. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. C A C B B A C C A A D D B D A B D D A A
Ques. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
Ans. A C C D A C D D C D B D C B B A

EXERCISE # 3

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. D C D A A B C C D D C C A D D D C B B A
Ques. 21 22 23 24 25 26
Ans. B D C B C C

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. 8.78 2. 0.6 sec. 3. 2J, 0.50 m. 4. 105

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