CHAPTER III

METHODS AND PROCEDURE

This chapter includes, the aim of the study, sample, tools and analysis of the data.

DESIGN OF THE STUDY

The main aim of the study was to assess the aggression and anxiety in relation
to mental health of differently abled sports persons.

SELECTION OF SUBJECTS

The study was conducted on one hundred subjects of various games from
Punjab and Chandigarh. It includes males and females with any kind of disability but
must be players of game. purposive sampling method has been used to select the
differently abled sports-persons. The age of the subjects ranged between 15 to 35
years.

SELECTION OF VARIABLES

Variables selected for the study were:

1. Aggression.

2. Anxiety.

3. Mental health.

TOOLS USED FOR THE STUDY

For the data collection of the subjects following tools were used.

 Aggression Scale (A-Scale) by Roma Pal and Tesneem Naqvi (1980)

 Sinha's Comprehensive Anxiety Test by A.K.P. Sinha and L.N.K. Sinha (1995).

 Mental Health Battery by Singh and Gupta (2000).

All above tests have been standardized in the Indian culture context and are
used extensively. A specimen copy of each test used in the present study has been
provided in appendices A, B and c.

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DESCRIPTIONS OF TESTS

1. Aggression Scale

To measure aggression level of the subjects aggression scale was used. This
scale is designed by Roma Pal and Tasneem Naqvi in 1980. This scale consisted of
30 statements. These statements were related to the personality. The subject read the
statement carefully. Each statement had six options - very much, much, ordinary,
less, very less and not at all. The subject had to mark tick only to that option to which
the subject strongly agree.

Reliability

To check the reliability of the scale, it was administered on 200 sample in

which both the sexes (males and females) were included. The subjects were belong to
rural as well as urban area of Agra. The age range of the subjects were 14 to 24 years.

The correlation coefficient was calculated to check the reliability. It came out
to be 0.82 which shows that scale is reliable. The test was again retested on the
sample 200 subjects. The reliability of coefficient was 0.78.

Validity

The validity of the scale has been calculated by two methods. For the content
validity, because the items of the scale has been collected through the expert’s
opinions and available literature. So, we can say the test is valid for the measurement
of aggression of 14 to 24 years age group.

Scoring

After the completion of the test scoring was done manually. Each item had six
options - very much, much, ordinary, less, very less and not at all. The score 5 was
given to very much, 4 score was given too much 3 score was given to response
ordinary, the score 2 was given to response less, 1 score was given to very less
response and 0 score was given to not at all response.

Interpretation of the scores: After the scoring results were interpreted with the help
of interpretation table mentioned in the manual. The description of interpretation
table is mentioned below:

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 S. No. Range of scores Interpretation

1. 107 & above Saturated

2. 90-106 High

3. 61-89 Average

4. 46-60 Low

5. 45 and below Clean

2. Sinha's Comprehensive Anxiety Test (SCAT)

To measure anxiety of the subject Sinha's comprehensive anxiety test was

used. This test has been designed by A.K.P. Sinha and L.N.K. Sinha. This test
consisted 90 statements. These statements were concerned with the behaviour and
temperament. Two alternate responses (yes and no) were given against each
statement. The subject had to read each statement and put cross (X) on either on yes
or no response. There was no time limit but the subject had to respond as early as
possible. The subject had to respond all the statements without hesitation as these
responses were kept confidential.

Reliability

To assess the temporal stability of the test, the method test retest was
administered on sample of 100. The score of correlation between test and retest came
out to be 0.85. With the help of odd even procedure the internal consistency
reliability was checked. It was found to be 0.92. Both the values shows that the test
has high reliability.

Validity: The validity of the test was 0.62 which shows significant beyond 0.001
level of confidence.

Scoring: After the completion of the test scoring was done manually. One score was
given to 'yes' response and zero score was given to 'no' response. The total score of
yes responses were calculated which will be the total anxiety score of the subject.

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Interpretation of the scores

If the boys score 69, 42, 35, 30 and girls score 71, 41, 36 and 29 shows
extremely high anxiety. If the boys score 29, 28 and girls score 28 and 27 shows high
anxiety. If the boys score 23, 20, 17 and girls score 25, 23, 20 falls in the category of
normal anxiety level. If the boys score 15, 14 and girls score 16, 15 than falls in the
category of low anxiety. If the boys score 12, 8, 3 and girls score 13, 9, 4 shows
extremely low anxiety.

3. Mental Health
To assess the mental health battery was used. This mental health battery was
designed by Sen Gupta and Singh. This battery consisted 130 items. It measured six
areas of mental health. They were (i) Emotional Stability (ii) Adjustment (iii)
Autonomy (iv) Security and Insecurity, (v) Self-Concept (vi) intelligence

The items of each part were written separately. There were 15 items of area
emotional stability. 40 items of adjustment related, 15 items were concerned with
autonomy, security - insecurity items were 15, 15 items were self-concept related and
30 item were related with intelligence area. There was no time limit for first five
parts. It took only 25 mins to complete it. Part VI was a speed test. Time given for
this test was 10 mins. The subject had to work on this test as fast as he/she could do.

Reliability

To establish the reliability of the scale two methods were used. Firstly test
retest method was used and found score 0.74 reliability and secondly Cronbach's
alpha method was used and found the score 0.79. The reliability values are given in
table.

S. No. Reliability Method No. of sample Reliability Value

1. Test-retested Method 100 0.74

2. Cronbach’s Alpha Method 100 0.79

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Validity

The concurrent validity in Emotional Stability was 0.673 at 0.01 level. In the
second part which was concerned with overall adjustment the concurrent validity was
found to be .704 at .01 level in security - insecurity it was .821* and in part VI
intelligence the concurrent validity was found .823 at .01 level. In part III concerned
with Autonomy the construct validity was .681 and in self-concept the construct
validity was .601 at .01 level.

Scoring

Section A was concerned with socio-economic status. In part I score 5, 4, 3, 2,

1 was given to option a, b, c, d and e. In part II, III and IV score 1, 2, 3, 4 was given
to option a, b, c and d. In section B answers were tally with the help of scoring key.
+1 score was given to the right response and zero score was given to wrong response.
The total scores of the subject were interpret from the percentile norm table.

ADMINISTRATION OF TESTS AND COLLECTION OF DATA

The three questionnaires were administered on the subjects during the various
competitions held in Punjab and Chandigarh. The researcher visited different venues
for collecting data. Only those subjects were included in the study who performed
district, state, national and international camp in Punjab. All the coaches and
managers helped in administration.

Before the distribution of the questionnaire a good rapport was developed with
the subjects. The instructions were given to the subject regarding the administration
and explained the purpose well. It was assured to the subjects that their responses will
be kept confidential. This information is only use for research purpose so they should
give the responses truthfully and without bias. After the completion of the test
response sheets were collected immediately.

STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES

 To find out the significant gender difference with three variables i.e. Anxiety,
aggression and mental health analysis of variance (ANOVA) had been applied.

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 To find out the significant difference t-test was applied.

 To find out the relationship between the variables coefficient of correlation was
used.

 Krushkal Walli's test was used for small size sample.

Hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance.

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