EDUCATION ANDHUMAN

RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Human resource development -improving quality of workers. OR
-empowering the workers with skills to improve production in the work place.
ROLE OF EDUCATION IN PROMOTING
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
i) Education is an instrument of social
change-education removes cultural barriers that are
an obstacle to economic development.e.g with
production
education people can be able to improve

ü) Education speeds the paces of technology-

educated people are able to
such as machinery to increase production in the workplace and reach out touse technology
the market.

iiü) Education makes people to be creative and

innovative-educated people can come up with
new strategies that can increase production in the workplace.

iv) Education helps workers to have problem solving skills-any

problem that hinders
economic development can be solved well on time.

v) Education facilitates rescarch-research is important for economic

development in order to
come up with infomed decisions and policies that enhance economic developmnent.

CHALLENGES FACING THE SELF EMPLOYED IN BOTSWANA

Lack of capital-most of the self employed do not have enough money to buy equipment
like machinery hence low productivity.

Limited market-the self employed do not have enough market to sell their goods and
services and this may lead to the collapse of their businesses.

Competition from well established businesses-the self employed are facing tough
competition fron companies which are selling better quality goods at lower prices. This
can lead to the collapse of their businesses.
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 Natural disasters-somne self employed people lose their agricultural production through
natural disasters such as drought, floods, pests and diseases and this can lead tocollapse
of businesses.

Crime-most self employed people cannot afford to hire security services therefore they
may lose their products to thieves.

Lack of managerial skills-some self employed people cannot manage their businesses
properly. This can lead to the collapse of their businesses.

Expensive utilities-expensive services such as rent, electricity and water bills can
minimize the profit made hence this may lead to the collapse of businesses.

STRATEGIES FOR JOB CREATION IN B0TSWANA

skills so that they
Workshops on business skills-people are equipped with knowledge and
can start their own businesses, be self employed and employ others.
people so that their businesses can be
& Education-skills and knowledge are imparted to
marketable and hence be able to create employment for others.

Provide serviced land for setting up industries-with serviced land; it will be easier for
*
to start their own businesses without having to worry about where to get utilities
people
such as water and electricity.
government and NGOs to start their
Financial assistance-people can be funded by the
others in those businesses.
own businesses and create employment for

more investors to start businesses-having more people and

Government can attract
opportunities for people.
employment
countries investing in the economy will help create
 HOW THE DISABLED LEARNERS ARE CATERED FOR IN BOTSWANA'S
EDUCATION SYSTEM

Positive

Training of teachers on special education-to equip then with special needs skills so that
they are abie to help the learners accordingly.

Provision of specialized institutions-providing schools and training centre for disabled

children where their needs will be well catered for. E.g. schools like Ramotswa Centre
for the deaf.

Provision of specialized equipment-providing disabled learners with special equipment

ike Brailie for the blind, hearing aids for the deaf so that they can also learn.

Availing modified scripts for the disabled learners-these can be provided for disabled
chiüdren uring so that they can also attempt the exam.

& Protecting the righs of the disabled-disabled people are entitled to the right to education
therefore their rights should be protected so that they can be educated like all.

Negative
Inadequate institutions for the disabled-there are not enough institutions for the disabled
hence disabled students end up in normal schools that do not fully cater for their needs.
Insufficient teachers trained to cater for the disabled-not enough qualified special
education teachers in the country, disabled learners therefore do not get the education and
help that they need.

Modified scripts are only used during exams-during the course of their stay in school they
are not given modified scripts. This may frustrate them throughout the learning period
they score low marks.
 WAYS OF EMPOWEERING THE YOUTH, DISABLED AND
MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY DISADVANTAGED
Provision of equal cducational opportunities-the youth and the disabled should be given
cqual opportunities in order for them to qualify for the same jobs.

Provision of equal employment opportunities-if they are given equal

educational
opportunities and qualifications, the youth, disabled and disadvantaged members of the
community willbe able to get equal jobs.

Provision of health facilities-they have to be provided with equal heath

to keep them healthy. facilities inorder

Training family caregivers-family members should be trained to help the heavily

and disadvantaged members accordingly. disabled

Buildings must cater for the disabled -buildings must be equipped with speciai
cater for the disabled. E.g,ramp,elevator(lift), toilets needs to

Encourage them to take part in sports-they should be encouraged to keep fit by engaging
in sports.

IMPORTANCE OF THE YOUTH, DISABLED AND DISADVANTAGED IN

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
& They work very hard when given a job-they work in different economic sectors to
generate money for the country.

Contribute good ideas when given a post of responsibility-they have to come up with new
strategies that can enhance production and economic development.

Grandparents remain with the children when their parents are at work-if their children are
well taken care of they willwork efficiently to improve the economy of the country.
Pay tax-they also pay tax which is used to improve and develop the country's
infrastructure.

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 They can start income generating
self employed and hence contributeactivities-the youth can start their own businesses, be
to the economy.

ROLE OF GOVERNMENTIN
DEVELOPING HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
POSITIVE
10year basic education-the government educates citizens from standard one to form three
so that can learn how to read and write.

Building tertiary institutions-the government has built tertiary institutions like UB,
BIUST where students are imparted with skills that are needed in the worid of work.

External placement of student for courses not locally offered-the government sends some
students outside the country to go and learn the skills not locally offered so that they can
come and practice them in the country's workplace.

Allows private institutions to operate in Botswana-in addition to those institutions in the

cOuntry, the government alows institutions like Limkokwing to help in imparting
knowledge and skills needed in the workplace.

Sponsorship of students-the government sponsors students so that they will be able to

continue with their education in the tertiary institutions so that they get skills.

NEGATIVE

Inadequate institutions-the institutions are not enough to enroll all the students who
completed their form ive meaning they will roam the strets because they are not
admitted.

Tertiary institutions mostly based in urban arcas-students from secondary schools in rural
areas are not well informed about tertiary institutions so they end up not pursuing their
desired careers.

Some graduates are unemployed-the government fails to employ all graduates with
skills/some of the skilled personnel are not employed therefore they do not provide the
services for the country.
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 leavers-because of lack of
+ Government does not sponsor all the form five
money/sponsorship, some students end up not completing their studies.

THE ROLEOF NGOs IN HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

POSITIVE

4 Manpower developments through workshops-workers go on workshops where they are

equipped with skills to enhance production in the workplace.

Sponsorships of students-NGOs give sponsorship to students to further their training

which willimprove their production in the workplace.

4 Provisions of facilities for training people-workers are imparted with skills to

enhance
production in the workplace.

4 Monitor the activities of the government--some NGOsadvocate for equal educational and
employment opportunities so that both genders have the equal representation in the
workplace.

NEGATIVE

Mostly based in urban areas

Insufficient funds