DPP 6 Conditional probability, Baye's theorem 1 1 1 1

(c) or (d) or
2 4 3 4
1. A and B are two independent events. The 7. In two events P( A ∪ B) = 5 / 6 , P( A c ) = 5 / 6 ,
1 P(B) = 2 / 3, then A and B are
probability that both A and B occur is and the
6
(a) Independent (b,) Mutually exclusive
1
probability that neither of them occurs is . Then (c) Mutually exhaustive (d) Dependent
3
the probability of the two events are respectively 8. Let A
and B be two events such that
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(a,) and (b) and P(A ∪ B) = , P( A ∩ B) = and P( A) = , where A
2 3 5 6 6 4 4
stands for complement of event A. Then events A
1 1 2 1
(c) and (d) and and B are
2 6 3 4
[AIEEE 2005]
2. If A and B are two independent events such that
3 8 (a,) Independent but not equally likely
P ( A ∩ B' ) = and P ( A'∩B) = , then P(A) =
25 25 (b) Mutually exclusive and independent
[IIT Screening] (c) Equally likely and mutually exclusive
1 3
(a,) (b) (d) Equally likely but not independent
5 8
9. The probability of happening an event A in one
2 4 trial is 0.4. The probability that the event A
(c) (d)
5 5 happens at least once in three independent trials
3. Let A and B be two events such that P ( A) = 0.3 and is
P ( A ∪ B) = 0.8 . If A and B are independent events, [IIT 1980; Kurukshetra CEE 1998; DCE 2001]
(a) 0.936 (b,) 0.784
then P(B) = [IIT 1990; UPSEAT 2001,
(c) 0.904 (d) 0.216
02]
10. A problem of mathematics is given to three
5 5
(a) (b,) students whose chances of solving the problem
6 7 are 1/3, 1/4 and 1/5 respectively. The probability
3 2 that the question will be solved is
(c) (d)
5 5 2 3
(a) (b)
4. The probability that a man will be alive in 20 3 4
3 4 3
years is and the probability that his wife will (c) (d,)
5 5 5
2 11. A man and a woman appear in an interview for
be alive in 20 years is . Then the probability
3 two vacancies in the same post. The probability of
that at least one will be alive in 20 years, is man's selection is 1/4 and that of the woman's
13 7 selection is 1/3. What is the probability that none
(a,) (b)
15 15 of them will be selected
4 [MNR 1988]
(c) (d) None of these
15 1 1
(a,) (b)
5. The probability of solving a question by three 2 12
1 1 1 1
students are , , respectively. Probability of (c) (d) None of these
2 4 6 4
question is being solved will be
12. Three persons work independently on a problem.
33 35 If the respective probabilities that they will solve
(a,) (b)
48 48 it are 1/3, 1/4 and 1/5, then the probability that
31 37 none can solve it
(c) (d)
48 48 [MNR 1990; UPSEAT 2000]

6. Let A and B are two independent events. The 2 3

(a,) (b)
probability that both A and B occur together is 1/6 5 5
and the probability that neither of them occurs is 1
1/3. The probability of occurrence of A is (c) (d) None of these
3
1 1
(a) 0 or 1 (b,) or
2 3
13. The probabilities of winning the race by two n n−1
(a) (b)
1 1 n+1 n+1
athletes A and B are and . The probability of
5 4 1
winning by neither of them, is (c,) (d) None of these
n+1
3 3 20. ‘A’ draws two cards with replacement from a pack
(a,) (b)
5 4 of 52 cards and ‘B' throws a pair of dice what is
2 4 the chance that ‘A’ gets both cards of same suit
(c) (d) and ‘B’ gets total of 6
5 5
[MNR 1989]
14. The event A is independent of itself if and only if 1 1
P(A) = (a) (b)
144 4
(a) 0 (b) 1
5 7
(c,) 0, 1 (d) None of these (c,) (d)
144 144
15. A man and his wife appear for an interview for
21. The probability that a teacher will give an
two posts. The probability of the husband's
unannounced test during any class meeting is 1/5.
1
selection is and that of the wife's selection is If a student is absent twice, then the probability
7 that the student will miss at least one test is
1 4 2
. What is the probability that only one of them (a) (b)
5 5 5
will be selected
7 9
[AISSE 1987; DSSE 1979, 81, 84] (c) (d,)
5 25
1 2
(a) (b,) 22. A binary number is made up of 16 bits. The
7 7
probability of an incorrect bit appearing is p and
3 the errors in different bits are independent of one
(c) (d) None of these
7 another. The probability of forming an incorrect
16. The probability of A, B, C solving a problem are number is [AMU 1999]
1 2 3 p
, , respectively. If all the three try to solve (a) (b) p16
3 7 8 16
the problem simultaneously, the probability that (c) 16
C1 p16 (d,) 1 − (1 − p)16
exactly one of them will solve it, is
23. A problem in Mathematics is given to three
25 25
(a) (b,) students A, B, C and their respective probability of
168 56 solving the problem is 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4.
20 30 Probability that the problem is solved is
(c) (d)
168 168 [RPET 2001; AIEEE 2002]
17. The probability of hitting a target by three 3 1
(,a) (b)
1 1 1 4 2
marksmen are , and respectively. The
2 3 4 2 1
(c) (d)
probability that one and only one of them will hit 3 3
the target when they fire simultaneously, is 24. A bag contains 3 red and 5 black balls and a
11 1 second bag contains 6 red and 4 black balls. A ball
(a,) (b)
24 12 is drawn from each bag. The probability that one
1 is red and other is black, is
(c) (d) None of these
8 [AISSE 1986]
18. For any two independent events E1 and E2 , 3 21
(a) (b,)
20 40
P { ( E1 ∪ E2 ) ∩ (E1 ∩ E2 )} is [IIT 1991; Pb. CET 2003]
3
1 1 (c) (d) None of these
(a,) < (b) > 8
4 4
25. The probabilities of a problem being solved by
1 1 1
(c) ≥ (d) None of these two students are , . Then the probability of the
2 2 3
19. For independent events A1 , A2 , .......... , An , problem being solved is
1 2 4
P( Ai ) = , i = 1, 2, ......, n. Then the probability that (a,) (b)
i +1 3 3
none of the event will occur, is
1
(c) (d) 1
3
 5  A 1
26. If two events A and B are such that P ( A + B) = , 33. For two events A and B, if P( A) = P  = and
6  B 4
1 1
P ( AB) = and P ( A) = , then the events A and B  B 1
3 2 P  = , then [MP PET 2003]
 A 2
are
(a,) Independent  A′  3
(a) A and B are independent (b) P  =
(b) Mutually exclusive  B 4
(c) Mutually exclusive and independent  B′  1
(c) P  = (d,) All of these
(d) None of these  A′  2
27. A and B are two independent events such that
34. Two coins are tossed. Let A be the event that the
P( A) = 1 / 2 and P(B) = 1 / 3 . Then P (neither A nor B)
first coin shows head and B be the event that the
is equal to [J & K 2005] second coin shows a tail. Two events A and B are
(a) 2/3 (b) 1/6 (a) Mutually exclusive
(c) 5/6 (d,) 1/3 (b) Dependent
28. If A and B are two independent events, then (c) Independent and mutually exclusive
 A (d,) None of these
P  =
 B
35. If P ( A1 ∪ A2 ) = 1 − P( A1c ) P( A2c ) where c stands for
(a) 0 (b) 1
complement, then the events A1 and A2 are
(c,) P (A) (d) P (B)
29. If E and F are independent events such that [MP PET 1989]
0 < P(E) < 1 and 0 < P (F) < 1, then (a) Mutually exclusive (b,) Independent
(a) E and F c (the complement of the event F) are (c) Equally likely (d) None of these
independent 36. Two fair dice are tossed. Let A be the event that
(b) E c and F c are independent the first die shows an even number and B be the
event that the second die shows an odd number.
 E  Ec 
(c) P   + P  c  = 1 The two event A and B are
F F  [IIT 1979]
(d,) All of the above (a) Mutually exclusive
30. If A and B are two independent events such that
(b) Independent and mutually exclusive
1 1
P ( A) = , P(B) = , then (c) Dependent
2 5
(d,) None of these
 A 1  A  5
(a) P   = (b) P  = 37. A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards. If A =
 B 2  A∪ B 6 card is of diamond, B = card is an ace and
 A∩B  A ∩ B = card is ace of diamond, then events A and
(c) P  =0 (d,) All of the above
 A′ ∪ B′  B are
(a) Independent (b) Mutually exclusive
 A 1
31. For two events A and B, if P( A) = P  = and (c,) Dependent (d) Equally likely
 B 4
38. If A and B are two independent events, then A and
 B 1
P   = , then B are
 A 2
(a) Not independent (b,) Also independent
 A′  3
(a) A and B are independent (b) P  = (c) Mutually exclusive (d) None of these
 B 4
39. Let A, B, C be three mutually independent events.
 B′  1 Consider the two statements S1 and S2
(c) P   = (d,) All of the above
 A′  2 S1 : A and B ∪ C are independent
32. Let 0 < P( A) < 1 , 0 < P(B) < 1 and P( A ∪ B) =
S2 : A and B ∩ C are independent
P( A) + P(B) − P( A) P(B). Then [IIT 1995]
Then [IIT 1994]
(a) P(B / A) = P(B) − P( A) (a,) Both S1 and S2 are true
(b) P( A c ∪ B c ) = P( A c ) + P(B c ) (b) Only S1 is true
(c,) P( A ∪ B) = P( A ) P(B )
c c c
(c) Only S2 is true

(d,) P( A / B) = P( A) (d) Neither S1 nor S2 is true

40. If P( A) = 2 / 3 , P(B) = 1 / 2 and P( A ∪ B) = 5 / 6 then
events A and B are [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(a,) Mutually exclusive
(b) Independent as well as mutually exhaustive
(c) Independent
(d) Dependent only on A