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Study of R-L-C Series Circuit

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Priyam Das
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13 views3 pages

Study of R-L-C Series Circuit

Uploaded by

Priyam Das
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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STUDY OF R-L-C SERIES CIRCUIT

OBJECTIVE:

1. To measure the voltage drop of individual components, total circuit current, power
& power factor of R-L-C circuit.
2. To become familiar with the phasor diagram of R-L-C series circuit.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
The three are shown in fig. joined in series across an a.c supply of r.m.s voltage V.
Let VR = IR = voltage drop across R
VL = I.XL = voltage drop across L, XL = 2ПfL
VC = I.XC = voltage drop across C, XC = 1/ 2Пfc
In voltage triangle of fig.,OA represents VR , AB & AC represent the inductive & capacitive drops
respectively. It will be seen that VL & VC are out of phase with each other i.e. they are in direct
opposition to each other.
Subtracting BD(=AC) from AB, we get the net reactive drop AD= I(XL – XC)
The applied voltage V is represented by OD and is the vector sum of OA & AD.

So, OD = √(OA)2 + (AD)2

Or V= √(( IR) ^ 2 + (IXL - IXC ) ^ 2)


I = √ (R2 + (XL – XC)2)

I= V
√ (R2 + X2)

= V
Z
The term √ (R2 + (XL – XC)2) is known as the impedance of the circuit.

Obviously, (impedance)2 = (resistance)2 + (net reactance)2

(Z)2 = (R)2 + (XL – XC)2

(Z)2 = (R)2 + (X)2

Power factor is cosØ = R = (R / √ ((R)2 + (XL – XC)2)


Z

The +ve sign is to be used when current leads i.e. when XC > XL

The -ve sign is to be used when current lags i.e. when XL > XC

Using symbolic notation , we can write , Z = R + j(XL – XC)

Numerical value of impedance Z = √ ((R)2 + (XL –XC)2)

COMPONANT UNDER TEST:

SL NO. NAME OF QUANTITY TYPE RATING MAKER’S


COMPONANT NAME

EQUIPMENT / INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED:

SL NO. NAME OF QUANTITY TYPE RANGE MAKER’S


INSTRUMENTS NAME

PROCEDURE:
1. The circuit is made in the circuit diagram.
2. The variac should be kept in zero voltage position;the AC supply is switched
ON.
3. The applied voltage is varied using the variac & corresponding value of voltage
& current are noted.
4. The readings of various voltages are tabulated till rated voltage (210V) of
components is reached.
5. The steps should be taken at least three (3) times.

EXPERIMENTAL:

SL NO SUPPLY CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE


VOLTAGE I(A) ACROSS ACROSS ACROSS
VS(V) RESISTOR INDUCTOR CAPACITOR
VR(V) VL(V) VC(V)

Find Out The Value with Unit (if any):

RESISTANCE INDUCTANCE CAPACITANCE POWER


(R) (L) (C) FACTOR
(COSØ)

PRECAUTIONS:

1. All the meters should be taken in proper range.


2. Before connecting the meter in the circuits check there zero setting.
3. The current , voltage are noted when values settle to a study value.
4. All joints should be tightly connected.
5. Voltage of the both lamp should not exceed 210V.
6. The supply is switched OFF after experiment is over.

CONCLUSION:
(PLEASE WRITE IN YOUR OWN LANGUAGE WHATEVER YOU HAVE LEARN BY
PERFORMING THE EXPERIMENT)

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