Reg.no.

SET B
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
CAT EXAM-II: APRIL 2024
EE3601-PROTECTION AND SWITCHGEAR
Year/Sem : III/ VI Date :17-04-2024
Department :EEE Duration :3 Hrs
Faculty :B.Pandy Selvi Max. Marks :100

PART-A (10X2=20Marks)

1 Mention the faults which can be protected using Buchholz’s relay. R CO3
2 What are the factors affecting the performance of differential relays? R CO3
3 What are the errors in CT? R CO3
4 What is the cause of over speed and how alternators are protected from it? R CO3
5 What is the need for negative sequence relay in alternators? R CO3
6 State the merits of static relays R CO4
7 List the electronics devices commonly used in static relay. R CO4
8 What is the difference between numerical relay and static relay? R CO4
9 Draw the distance relay characteristics curve. R CO4
10 List the types of static relays. R CO4

PART-B (5X13=65Marks)
11.a. (i)Give a detailed explanation about CT’s and PT’s and its application to power system. (6)
(ii) Explain transformer protection using Buchholz’s relay (7) R CO3
(OR)
11.b. Explain the following (i) faults occur in generator (6) (ii) Merz-price protection of a
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generator.(7)
12. a Discuss the protection employed against loss of excitation of an alternator
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(OR)
12.b Draw and explain protection scheme of an A.C induction motor. R CO3
13.a A 6.6kV star connected alternator has a transient reactance of 2 ohm/phase and negligible
winding resistance. It is protected by a circulating current Merz-price protection. The
alternator neutral is earthed through a resistance of 7.5ohm. The relays are set go operate
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when there is out of balance current of 1A on secondary of 500/5 A current transformer. How
much % of winding is protected against earth fault?
(OR)
13.b An alternator rated 10KV protected by balanced circulating current system has its neutral
grounded through a resistance of 10 Ohms. The protective relay is set to operate when there is
an out of balance current of 1.8 amperes in the pilot wires which are connected to the
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secondary of C.T with ratio 1000/5. Determine
(1) % winding which remains unprotected
(2) Min. value of the earthing resistance required to protect 80% of the winding.
14.a Describe the construction, working principle and operation of static relay and list the
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advantages and disadvantages (OR)
14.b Explain the operation of distance protection of transmission lines using static comparators
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with neat diagram
 15.a Explain the block diagram of numerical relay with necessary diagram along with flow chart.
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(OR)
15.b Describe with neat diagram the working of solid state relay. R CO4
PART- C (1X15=15Marks)
16.a Enumerate the synthesis of various relays using static comparators.
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(OR)
16.b (i)Compare static relays with electromagnetic relays (8)
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(ii)Explain the advantages of numerical relays (7)

Signature of Staff CAT Coordinator HOD/ EEE

SET A
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
CAT EXAM-II: APRIL 2024
EE3601-PROTECTION AND SWITCHGEAR
Year/Sem : III/ VI Date :17-04-2024
Department :EEE Duration :3 Hrs
Faculty :B.Pandy Selvi Max. Marks :100

PART-A (10X2=20Marks)

1 What are the main safety devices available with transformers? R CO3
2 What are the faults associated with transformer R CO3
3 What are the uses of Buchholz’s relay? R CO3
4 Why busbar protection is needed? R CO3
5 Mention the different protections given to the busbars. R CO3
6 Draw the block diagram of numerical relay. R CO4
7 Explain the Instantaneous OC Relay R CO4
8 State the superiority of static relay over electromagnetic relay R CO4
9 Define the Over Current Protection R CO4
10 Compose the problems arising in differential protection in power transformer and how are they
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overcome?

PART-B (5X13=65Marks)

11.a. Give a brief account on the faults and protection of transformers. R CO3
(OR)
11.b. Write the detailed note on motor protection with neat sketch R CO3
12. a (i)With suitable diagrams explain bus bar protection. (7)
(ii)Explain in what way distance protection is superior to over current protection for the R CO3
protection of transmission lines.(6) (OR)
12.b Enumerate the relaying schemes which are employed for the protection of a modern alternator R CO3
13.a A synchronous generator rated at 25KV protected by circulating current system having
neutral grounded through a resistance of 10 ohms. The differential protection relay is set
to operate when there is an out of balance current of 4A the CTs ratio of 1000/5A. Ap CO3
Determine. (a) The % of winding remains unprotected. (b) Value of earth resistance to
achieve 75% protective of winding. (OR)
13.b A star connected 3-phase,20MVA,11KV Alternator has a per phase reactance of 0.75
ohms/phase .It is protected by Merz price circulating current principle which is to operate for
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fault currents not less than 175A. Formulate the value of earthing resistance to be provided in
order to ensure only 10% of the alternator winding remains unprotected ( Nov / Dec 2021)
14.a Discuss in detail, the integrating type and instantaneous type static amplitude comparators.
Illustrate your answer with appropriate circuits and wave forms R CO4
(OR)
14.b How will you synthesize a mho relay using static phase comparator R CO4
 15.a Draw the schematic block diagram of a static over current relay and explain the operation
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(OR)
15.b Derive the characteristics equation for the phase comparator and amplitude comparator. R CO4

PART- C (1X15=15Marks)

16.a Define
i) time over-current relay (8)
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ii) Inverse Time Over-current Relay (7)
(OR)
16.b (i) Contrast the differences between numerical relay and electromechanical relay. (8)
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(ii) Outline the limitations of Numerical relay. (7)

Signature of Staff CAT Coordinator HOD/ EEE