PRESIDENCY UNIVERSITY, BENGALURU

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

Course: CIV 212 Environmental Engineering

1) Find the settling velocity of a discrete particle in water under conditions when Reynold’s number
is less than 0.5. The diameter and specific gravity of the particle is 5 x 10 -3 cm and 2.65
respectively. Water temperature is 200 C (Kinematic viscosity of water at 200c = 1.01 cm2/sec)
2) A water treatment plant has a flow rate of 0.6 m3/sec. The settling basin at the plant has an
effective settling volume that is 20 m length, 3 m depth and 6 m wide. Will particles that have a
settling velocity of 0.003 m/sec be completely removed? If not, what percent of the particles will
be removed?
3) The maximum daily demand at a water purification plant has been estimated as 12 million liters
per day. Design the dimensions of a suitable sedimentation tank (fitted with mechanical sludge
removal arrangements) for raw water supplies, assuming a detention period of 6 hours and the
velocity of flow as 20 cm per minute.
4) Two million liters of water per day is passing through a sedimentation tank which is 6m wide
15m long and having a water depth of 3m.
a) Find the detention time for the tank.
b) What is the average flow velocity through the tank?
c) If 60 ppm is the concentration of suspended solids present in turbid raw water how much
dry solids will be deposited per day in the tank assuming 70% removal in the base and
average specific gravity of the deposit as 2.
d) Compute the overflow rate
5) Two primary settling basins are 26 m in diameter with a 2.1 m side water depth. Single effluent
weirs are located on the peripheries of the tank. For a water flow of 26,000 m3/d, calculate:
a) Surface area and volume b) Over flow rate in m3/m2/day
c) Detention time in hours and d) Weir loading rate in m3/m.day
6) In a continuous flow settling tank 3 m deep and 60 m long, what flow velocity of water would
you recommend for effective removal of 0.025 mm particles at 250 C. The specific gravity of
particles is 2.65 , kinematic viscosity for water may be taken as 0,01 cm2/sec
7) A rectangular sedimentation tank is designed for a surface overflow rate of 12,000 liters/hr/m2.
What percentage of suspended particles of diameter 0.03 mm will be removed in the tank? Take
kinematic viscosity (ɣ) = 0.897 mm2/sec and specific gravity of particles 2.65
8) If 8 mg/l of alum dose is added to 5 MLD of water.
a) What is total amount of alum added per day?
b) What is the amount of hardness imparted to the water in terms of kg/day?
Use the following chemical equation

Al2 (SO4)3 18 H2O + 3 Ca (HCO3)2 3 CaSO4 + 2 Al (OH) 3 + 6 CO2 + 18 H2O

9) A flash mixer of 2 m3 with a velocity gradient of mixing mechanism equal to 600 S-1 and fluid
absolute viscosity 1 x 10-3 N–Sec/ m2 is continuously operated. What is the power input per unit
volume?
10) A water treatment plant is required to process 28800 m3/day of raw water (Density = 1000 kg/m3,
kinematics viscosity = 10-6 m2/sec). The rapid mixing tank imparts a velocity gradient of 900 S-1
to blend 35 mg/L of alum with the flow for a detention time of 2 minutes. The power input
(Watts) required for rapid mixing is?
11) Design a Flocculator for a design flow of 3000 m3/hr. Assume detention time of 20 min, G = 40
S-1. Also determine the power requirement if μ = 1.0087 X 10-3 N – Sec/m2. Take length to width
ratio 2 and depth may be assumed as 0.4 times of width
12) With the help of flow chat explain preliminary treatment of surface water
13) With neat diagram explain slow sand filter
14) With neat diagram explain rapid sand filter
15) With the help of flow chat explain preliminary treatment of ground water
16) Chlorine usage in the treatment of 2000 m3 of water per day is 8kg. The residual chlorine after 10
minutes of contact is 0.15 mg/l. The chlorine dose and chlorine demand in mg/l are respectively?
17) Define Filtration and list the mechanism’s involved in filtration
18) Define disinfection and what the requirements of an ideal disinfectant
19) Define disinfection and what are objectives of disinfection
20) Explain the following types of chlorination and also mention their suitable conditions
a) Plain chlorination c) Post chlorination
b) Pre chlorination d) Super chlorination
21) With neat diagram explain break point chlorination
22) A town with population 50000 supplied water at a rate 200 lpcd. A bleaching powder dose of 2
mg/l containing 35% of chlorine added to water to have a residual chlorine of 0.2 mg/l. Find the
monthly bleaching powder requirement in kg also find chlorine demand in kg/day
23) For a water, the dosage at breakpoint is 1.5 mg/l and residual chlorine at the time is found to be
0.3 mg/l. If cumulative chlorine added is 2 mg/l, the residual chlorine will be
24) Define coagulation and list the mechanism’s involved in coagulation process
 25) Write a short notes on operational troubles of rapid sand filters
26) A particle is having a size of 0.025 mm with a specific gravity of 2.65. If the kinematic viscosity
of water is 0.01 cm2/s, the settling velocity of the particle as per stokes law is?
27) Design six slow sand filter beds from the following data.
Population = 50000 persons
Water demand = 150 liters/person/day
Rate of filtration = 180 liters/hr/m2
L=2B. Assume maximum demand as 1.8 times average daily demand.
Also assume one unit out of six will be kept as standby.
28) A coagulation sedimentation plant clarifies 50 MLD of raw water. The dosage of filter alum
required is 16 mg/lit. If the raw water is having an alkalinity equivalent to 5 mg/lit of CaCo3,
determine the quantities of filter alum and quick lime (containing 87% of CaO) required per year
for the plant. Given the molecular weights as follows:
Al = 27, S = 32, O = 16, H = 1, Ca =40, C = 12.
29) With neat diagram explain the procedure to find optimum dosage of coagulant using jar test
apparatus Define design period? What are the factors governing / influencing the design period?
30) A city has to treat 24 MLD of turbid water using rapid sand filter with a
rate of filtration = 5 m3/hr/m2.
Determine the size of the filter bed if L: B = 2:1, only one unit of filter is provided
Determine the percentage of filtered water required for backwashing the filter, if the rate of
backwash is 6 times the rate of filtration and duration of back wash is 10 min. Back washing is
done once in a day.

Signature of Instructor In Charge Signature of HOD Civil