Scribd
Upload
112 views8 pages

CESTODES (Tapeworms)

The document discusses the general characteristics and life cycles of different tapeworm species. It covers topics such as morphology, life cycle stages, intermediate and definitive hosts, and differences between species like Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Hymenolepis nana, and Echinococcus granulosus.

Uploaded by

Jhana Samson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
112 views8 pages

CESTODES (Tapeworms)

The document discusses the general characteristics and life cycles of different tapeworm species. It covers topics such as morphology, life cycle stages, intermediate and definitive hosts, and differences between species like Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Hymenolepis nana, and Echinococcus granulosus.

Uploaded by

Jhana Samson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Compiled by: Angeli Abegail Naranja, MIH

CESTODES (Tapeworms)
A. General Characteristics
1. Cestodes are under platyhelminths or flatworms
2. Morphology (segmented, ribbon-like)
a. Scolex: is the anterior portion of the body containing suckers and sometimes booklets responsible for
attachment to the host. The "crown" of the scolex is called the rostellum.
-Non recovery is unsuccessful treatment

b. Proglottids(Strobila): chain of segments


-series of reproductive organs in various stages of development (Immature → Mature → Gravid (filled with
eggs))
-Strobila is the entire length of the tapeworm except for the scolex and neck.

C. Neck: is located directly behind the scolex and is the site of


new proglottid production (chain of growth)

3. Cestodes have three life cycle stages: egg, larval stage(s), and the adult worm.
4. Cestodes have several intermediate hosts.
5. Diagnosis: Microscopic examination of stool samples for eggs or proglottids
6. Transmission of infective eggs occurs with contaminated food and water.
7. Contamination can come from the feces of cows, pigs, fish, and humans.
8. Adult tapeworms are hermaphroditic.
Compiled by: Angeli Abegail Naranja, MIH

DIfference Pseudophyllidean Cyclophyllidean


False tapeworm True tapeworm

Species Diphyllobothrium latum Intestinal Cestodes:


● Vertebrate IH: Taenia solium and Taenia
saginata
● Invertebrate IH: Dipylidium caninum,
Hymenolepis diminuta
● No IH: Hymenolepis nana
Intestinal-Extraintestinal cestodes:
● Man as accidental IH: Echinococcus
granulosus

Scolex Spoon-shaped with slit like grooves ( 4 true suckers


bothria) A variety of rostellum and hooklets
2 bothria: dorsal and ventral With hookers (Mostly armed)
No hooklets (never armed)

Strobila Anapolytic (not shedding segments) Apolytic (shedding segments)


All the the same stage of development Varying stages of development
Genital organ centrally located 1-2 genital organs per segment
Diagnostic stage: Ova only Diagnostic stage: Ova and proglottids

Ova Operculated (immature) with lid Non-operculated (embroyonated)


(operculum)

Laid via uterine pore No uterine pore, egg is released by the rupture of
*Similar with Paragonimus westermani gravid segments

Larval Coracidium (ciliated) → procercoid Cystecercoid (Dipyllidium and Hymenolepis)


Stages (copepods) → plerocercoid (IS) Cysticercus (Taenia)
Hydatic (Echinococcus)

Intermedia 2 IH: Crustaceans (copepods) 1 IH: Arthropod or Mammal


te host Freshwater fish No IH: ________
Compiled by: Angeli Abegail Naranja, MIH

Diphyllobothrium latum
● Broad or fish tapeworm; largest tapeworm to man
● Scolex is spatulate/spoon-shaped/almond shaped with sucking organ called bothrium
● Uterus is rosette formation
● Eggs are operculated
● Larval stages: coracidium →procercoid→ plerocercoid
● 1st IH: Copepods; 2nd IH: Freshwater fish
● Diagnostic stage: Embryonated egg
● Pathology: Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia (Macrocytic anemia MCV >100fl)
○ Megaloblastic anemia: Hypersegmented neutrophils, Pancytopenia, Macrocytes
Compiled by: Angeli Abegail Naranja, MIH

Difference Taenia saginata Taenia solium

Common name Beef tapeworm Pork tapeworm

Definitive host Man Man (ingestion of measly pork)

Intermediate host Cattle Pig and Man

Scolex 4 sucking cups, no rostellum With rostellum armed with 2 rows of large
hooklets (double crown)

Length 25 meters 7 meters

Number of 1000-2000 Less than 1000


proglottids

Gravid proglottid 15-20 lateral branches 7-13 lateral branches


*india ink

Eggs Spherical, striated, inside is an embryo Spherical, striated, inside is an embryo with 6
with 6 hooklets (Hexacanth) hooklets (Hexacanth)

Larva Cysticercus bovis Cysticercus cellulosae

Infective stage Cysticercus bovis ingestion Cysticercus cellulosae ingestion

Pathogenesis Taeniasis Cysticercosis:larval cysts infect brain, muscle, or other


tissue, and are a major cause of adult onset seizures in most
low-income countries
Neurocysticercosis

Taenia asiatica: Asian taenia


Control: thorough cooking of meet, freezing at -20oC for 10 daysa
Compiled by: Angeli Abegail Naranja, MIH
Hymenolepis nana Hymenolepis diminuta

Common name Dwarf tapeworm (smallest tapeworm) Rat tapeworm

Scolex With rostellum armed with a ring of 20-30 With unarmed rostellum
spines

Eggs Egg contain an oncosphere enclosed in an Egg contain an oncosphere enclosed


inner membrane with two polar thickenings, in an inner membrane with two polar
from each of which arise to 4-8 polar thickenings without filaments (sunny
filaments side egg)

Infective stage Direct: ova Cysticercoid larvae


Indirect: Cysticercoid larvae

Intermediate host No IH Insects

Final/ Definitive host Man Rat (Norway)

Hymenolepis nana
Compiled by: Angeli Abegail Naranja, MIH
Hymenolepis diminuta
Compiled by: Angeli Abegail Naranja, MIH
Dipylidium caninum
● Dog tapeworm
● Proglottids have double set of reproductive organs and genital porn on each side of the lateral margin
● Mature and gravid proglottids are typically shaped like melon seeds/pumpkin seeds/ rice grain
● Infective stage: cysticercoid larva
● Common tapeworm of the dog and cat (DH)
● Man is an accidental host (ingestion of fleas containing larva)
● IH: Ctenocephalides canis-dog flea; Ctenocephalides felis-cat flea; Pulex irritans-human flea
Compiled by: Angeli Abegail Naranja, MIH
Echinococcus granulosus
● Former: Taenia granulosus
● Hydatid worm
● Shortest tapeworm
● DH: Dog; IH: ruminants, AH and Dead end host: Man
● Habitat small intestine
● Diagnostic stage: Embryonated egg
● Infective stage:Hydatid cyst
● Ova cannot be differentiated from Taenia spp.
● Clinical Significance: Hydatid cyst
● larval stage in the hydatid cyst has been found to carry
P blood group antigen
● Diagnosis
○ Exploratory cyst puncture
○ Roentgenogram (x-ray)
○ Serological tests
■ Bentoniteflocculation test
■ Casoni intradermal test
■ Anti-P1 antibodies

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy