RWS11 Q4 W7 B Composing Academic Writing
RWS11 Q4 W7 B Composing Academic Writing
Writing Skills
Quarter 4 – Module 7:
Composing Academic Writing
Reading and Writing Skills
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 7: Composing Academic Writing
First Edition, 2020
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
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Reading and Writing
Skills
Quarter 4 – Module 7:
Composing Academic Writing
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Reading and Writing Skills 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module
on Composing Academic Writing!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the
learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
Welcome to the Reading and Writing Skills 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module
on Composing Academic Writing!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
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lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate
to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
identify the unique features of and requirements in composing texts that are useful
across disciplines. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.
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Lesson 4 – Project Proposal
Lesson 5 – Position Paper
After going through this module, you are expected to:
identify the unique features, parts, and requirements in writing a book
review; and
write a book review following the process approach to writing
To achieve these, you are expected to do tasks and activities independently which
will help you master the above-mentioned competency.
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What I Need to Know
Have you experienced standing in front of the class, trying to convince your teacher
or your classmate to get their approval of your suggestion or point of view? That’s what
we call persuasion. Hence, this lesson is written to help you identify the unique features
of Project Proposal and its requirements that are useful across disciplines; and create
Project Proposal following the properties of well-written text and process approach to
writing.
What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet.
1. Which part of the Project Proposal provides the background necessary for
understanding the project?
A. Project Introduction B. Project Description
C. Project Methodology D. Project Revision
3. Which of the following presents an analysis of all the costs anticipated in the project?
A. Benefits B. Methods C. Schedule D. Budget
4. What part of the proposal reveals what the project intends to achieve in terms of
results?
A. Rationale B. Objectives C. Benefits D. Introduction
5. Which shows what the reader target audience can gain from the proposal, like
improvements on systems or a change in behavior of the beneficiaries?
A. Introduction B. Rationale C. Benefits D. Objectives
6. Which document is written for problem solving, service provision, event planning, or
equipment selling?
A. Research Report B. Project Proposal
C. Book Report D. Position Paper
7. Which details the different activities the project will take on that includes the
manpower?
A. Budget B. Schedule C. Methodology D. Objectives
8. Which part of the project description discusses the task duration and expected start
and end dates of each activity in the project?
A. Budget B. Schedule C. Methodology D. Objectives
9. Which identifies the problem to be addressed and shows the need to solve it?
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A. Rationale B. Objectives C. Benefits D. Introduction
10. Which guideline in writing the proposal do you collect data from primary and
secondary sources?
A. Gathering the data B. Organizing the data
C. Writing the proposal D. Revising the proposal
11. In doing a project proposal, when do you use an outline to structure your discussion
more effectively?
A. Gathering the data B. Organizing the data
C. Writing the proposal D. Revising the proposal
12. What do you do when you review your proposal for accuracy and organization before
you send it out?
A. Gathering the data B. Organizing the data
C. Writing the proposal D. Revising the proposal
13. What do you do when you fill out the parts of the proposal with the relevant data?
A. Gathering the data B. Organizing the data
C. Writing the proposal D. Revising the proposal
14. In stating the proposal’s objective, you should clearly state the issue, the target
group, time and place of the program.
A. Specific B. Measurable
C. Achievable D. Results oriented
15. What is a detailed description of a series of activities which aim to solve a certain
problem?
A. Research Report B. Project Proposal
C. Book Report D. Position Paper
Lesson
4 Project Proposal
Knowing how to convince people of your perspective is a valuable skill, more so, if
you are equipped with the strategies suitable for a particular audience. A project
proposal is a tool which you can use to influence people to achieve what you want.
What’s In
Project proposals have elements which construct the proposal’s foundation. Match
the descriptions from the left to the elements on the right. Write the letter of your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
1. institution information, title, author, date A. Introduction
2. background, rationale, objectives B. Schedule
3. date of implementation, duration, start date C. Title Page
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4. gain, increase in revenue, improved processes D. Project Description
5. methodology, schedule, budget E. Benefit
What is It
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1. Introduction. This part provides the background necessary for understanding the
project, which is done by telling your reader the following:
Rationale - this identifies the problem to be addressed and shows the need to
solve it.
Objectives - these reveal what the project intends to achieve in terms of results.
It also gives the reader an idea of the intended solution. Good objectives are
SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results oriented, and bound within a
realistic Time frame).
Benefits - these show what the reader or the target audience can gain from the
proposal, which may be improvements in processes or systems, an increase in
revenue, or a change in behavior of the beneficiaries of the proposal.
2. Project Description. This section gives specific information about the project itself. It
indicates how the project will address the identified problem through the following
parts:
Methodology – this entails the different activities, the project will take on, including
the manpower (i.e., the people involved and their duties), resources to be
utilized and the expanded output.
Schedule - this discusses the task duration and expected start and end dates of
each activity in the project.
Budget - this presents an analysis of all the costs anticipated in the project,
which can be itemized or shown as a whole, depending on the needs of the
project.
What’s More
Conceptualize a solution related to the number one problem listed in What is It.
Then, write a Project Proposal outline. Highest point for each criterion is indicated
below, but one (1) point will be deducted to your score if you fail to meet the given
requirements.
What’s More
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Complete the following statements to summarize what you have learned in this
lesson:
1. A project proposal is a which aim to solve a certain
problem
2. Proposals are used to convince the reader , such as
buying goods or services.
3. The introductory part of the proposal provides the background necessary for
understanding the project, which tell the reader of the ,
, and .
What I Can Do
Supply the necessary details of the Project Proposal format below, you may use the
ideas/details of your Barangay’s top most problem. The rubric in What I Have Learned
may still apply to this activity.
Project Title:
Part of the Introduction Content
Rationale (What prompted the project? Is there an existing concern
or potential problem that you want to address?)
Objectives (What does the project hope to achieve?)
Benefits (Who are the project beneficiaries? How will they benefit?)
II. Project Description
Methodology (Who are the people involved in the project? What are
their duties? What are the resources needed? What is the expected
output?)
Schedule (What is the date of implementation and its duration?)
Budget (What is the estimated amount of budget requirement?
Budget sources?)
(Sampletemplates 2020)
Assessment
3. Which of the following presents an analysis of all the costs anticipated in the
project?
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A. Benefits B. Methods C. Schedule D. Budget
4. What part of the proposal reveals what the project intends to achieve in terms of
results?
A. Rationale B. Objectives C. Benefits D. Introduction
5. Which shows what the reader target audience can gain from the proposal,
like improvements on systems or a change in behavior of the beneficiaries?
A. Introduction B. Rationale C. Benefits D. Objectives
6. Which document is written for problem solving, service provision, event planning, or
equipment selling.
A. Research Report B. Project Proposal
C. Book Report D. Position Paper
7. Which details the different activities the project will take on that includes the
manpower?
A. Budget B. Schedule C. Methodology D. Objectives
8. Which part of the project description discusses the task duration and expected start
and end dates of each activity in the project?
A. Budget B. Schedule C. Methodology D. Objectives
9. Which identifies the problem to be addressed and shows the need to solve it
A. Rationale B. Objectives C. Benefits D. Introduction
10. Which guideline in writing the proposal do you collect data from primary and
secondary sources?
A. Gathering the data B. Organizing the data
C. Writing the proposal D. Revising the proposal
11. In doing a project proposal, when do you use an outline to structure your
discussion more effectively?
A. Gathering the data B. Organizing the data
C. Writing the proposal D. Revising the proposal
12. What do you do when you review your proposal for accuracy and organization
before you send it out?
A. Gathering the data B. Organizing the data
C. Writing the proposal D. Revising the proposal
13. What do you do when you fill out the parts of the proposal with the relevant data.
A. Gathering the data B. Organizing the data
C. Writing the proposal D. Revising the proposal
14. In stating the proposal’s objective, you should clearly state the issue, the target
group, time and place of the program.
A. Specific B. Measurable C. Achievable D. Results-oriented
15. What is a detailed description of a series of activities which aim to solve a certain
problem?
A. Research Report B. Project Proposal C. Book Report D. Position Paper
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Additional Activities
Assuming you are the Supreme Student Government (SSG) President and you would like
to convince the School Principal about a particular project (i.e. tutorial sessions, school
fair, etc.), write a one-page project proposal observing the required format.
Answer Key
In the previous lesson, you have learned what a project proposal is. In this one,
you will identify the unique features, parts, requirements and how to write a Position
Paper as a part of academic writing.
What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which composition highlights the opinion of the author or specific entity about an
issue?
A. Research Report B. Article Critique C. Project Proposal D. Position Paper
2. The following criteria are considered in choosing the issue on problem to be discussed,
EXCEPT:
A. Pervasiveness B. Argument C. Urgency D. Demonstrability
3. Which of the following is the supporting evidence that is valid and verifiable?
A. Factual Knowledge B. Statistical Inferences
C. Informed Opinion D. Personal Testimony
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4. Which knowledge relies on evidence instead of limited personal experience?
A. Factual Knowledge B. Statistical Inferences
C. Informed Opinion D. Personal Testimony
7. Which component of the proposition paper contains the main argument which can be
further broken up into sections?
A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Summary
8. Which part of the proposition paper restates the key points and suggests resolution to
the issue.
A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Summary
9. This identifies the issue that will be discussed and states the author’s position on
that issue.
A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Summary
11. Which part of the paper defines the issue and discusses its background?
A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Summary
12. What is an idea that disagrees or contradicts with your given position?
A. Argument B. Counter-argument C. First Claim D. Support
13. Why is a topic like “The pandemic Covid-19 shakes the world” not a good idea for a
position statement?
A. It’s too controversial. B. It’s a long, complicated topic.
C. There is nothing to debate about. D. It’s a good topic for a position statement
15. Which of the following is not included in the introduction of the position paper?
A. counter-argument B. background of the topic
C. relevance of the topic D. position statement
Lesson
5 Position Paper
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You most likely received activities or homework at school in which you are asked to
explain a concept or prove a point. In this lesson, you will be taught on how to win
an argument over an issue or a problem with the help of your writing skills.
What’s New
“Maharlika”, a word originally meaning warrior class, is proposed to replace the name of
our country Philippines. Given its history and its meaning, do you agree that our
country will be renamed Maharlika? What is your stand on this matter? Write your
answer on a separate sheet.
What is It
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Fast food restaurants are bad for our health.
Fast food packages should contain warning labels.
II. The Body – contains the central argument and can be further broken up into
sections:
A. Possible objections to your position (counter argument)
Whose job is it to determine which restaurants are bad?
Such labels would affect the profits of major corporations.
B. A discussion of both sides of the issue, which addresses and refutes arguments
that contradict the author’s position (your argument)
It would be difficult and expensive for any entity to determine which
restaurants should adhere to the policy.
Nobody wants to see the government overstepping its boundaries.
C. Explain that your position is still the best one, despite the strength of counter-
arguments. This is where you can work to discredit some of the counter-
arguments and support your own.
Restaurants might improve the standards of food if warning labels were put
into place.
The role of the government is to keep citizens safe.
III. Conclusion – restating the key points and when applicable, suggest resolution to
the issue.
A. restate your position
B. provide Plan of Action
(Thoughtco 2020)
What’s More
Your position paper should have a clear and relevant claim or argument. Choose
between A and B which you think is the better thesis statement.
1.
A. Milktea is delicious.
B. Milktea tastes better than other drinks because of its creamy and refreshing
flavor.
2.
A. The governor is a bad and ungrateful man.
B. The governor has continually done the community a disservice by failing to
listen to his constituents.
3.
A. Reading to babies is the best predictor of academic success.
B. Babies are born with the ability to swim.
4.
A. Drug use is detrimental to society.
B. Illegal drug use is dangerous because it encourages gang violence.
5.
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A. We should vote for candidates who are willing to make the necessary changes
because our education system is in need of reform.
B. In this essay, I will persuade you to vote for candidates who support education
reform.
Is social media helpful or harmful? Brainstorm and list down your claims using the
format below.
Issue/argument:
Helpful Harmful
(include details/evidences) (include details/evidences)
What I Can Do
Do you feel ready to try writing it on your own now? Create an outline showing your
position on the topic: Children below 10 years old should not be given access to social
media.
Please be guided by the score sheet below. A deduction of one (1) point each criterion
if you fail to meet the given requirements.
Description Highest Your
Point Score
Has appropriate quality of well-organized points to 5 points
support the topic
Has clear and specific details 3 points
Grammar, spelling and punctuation marks are correct 2 points
Total 10 points
Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a sheet of paper.
1. Which composition highlights the opinion of the author or specific entity about an
issue?
A. Research Report B. Article Critique C. Project Proposal D. Position Paper
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2. The following criteria are considered in choosing the issue on problem to be discussed,
except:
A. Pervasiveness B. Argument C. Urgency D. Demonstrability
7. Which component of the proposition paper contains the main argument which can be
further broken up into sections?
A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Summary
8. Which part of the proposition paper restates the key points and suggests resolution to
the issue.
A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Summary
9. This identifies the issue that will be discussed and states the author’s position on
that issue.
A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Summary
11. Which part of the paper defines the issue and discusses its background?
A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Summary
12. What is an idea that disagree or contradict with your given position?
A. Argument B. Counter-argument C. First Claim D. Support
13. Why is a topic like “The pandemic Covid-19 shakes the world” not a good idea for a
position statement?
A. It’s too controversial B. It’s a long, complicated topic
C. There is nothing to debate about D. It’s a good topic for a position statement
14. Which of the following statements is false?
A. A position statement can be based upon your opinion
B. You will need to choose a side when writing a position statement
C. You don’t need to offer any options when writing a position statement
D. You should always write a conclusion that sums up your position
15. Which of the following is not included in the introduction of the position paper?
A. counter-argument B. background of the topic
C. relevance of the topic D. position statement
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Additional Activities
Write a five-paragraph essay and try to win your readers’ vote by clearly stating your
claim and providing strong evidences. Choose one among the topics below:
1. Can smoking be prevented by raising the price of cigarettes?
2. Are we too dependent on computers?
3. Do young people’s behavior better or worse than it was years ago?
Please be guided by the score sheet below. A deduction of one (1) point each criterion
if you fail to meet the given requirements.
Answer Key
References
Books
Babbie, E., The Practice of Social Research. 8th ed: Wadsworth Publishing, 2018.
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Mark N. Abadiano, Research in Daily Life 1: Qualitative Research Method, Quezon City:
Cronica Bookhaus, 2016, 51-52.
Nelia G. Prieto, Victoria C. Naval, and Teresita G. Carey, Practical Research for Senior
High School 1 Qualitative, Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc., 2017, 97-98.
Rommel Abarte, Jana Mae Clemente, and Ferdinand Genaga, “Utilization of Used
Electrical Wires as Accessories,” Senior high school research paper presented at the
2019 Division Research Festival, Cabuyao City, Laguna, November 21-22, 2019.
Electronic Resources
“Academic Writing: Position Paper Bowie State University,” last updated Aug 20,
2019, accessed June 6, 2020. https://bowiestate.libguides.com/academicwriting
“Book Review Original,” accessed June 8, 2020
https://twp.duke.edu/sites/twp.duke.edu/files/file-attachments/book-
review.original.pdf.
Bowen, Ronda. “How to Write a Project Proposal: What Components Should a Project
Proposal Include?” Published November 30, 2009, accessed June 5, 2020
https://www.brighthubpm.com/project-planning/57947-how-to-write-a-project-
proposal/
Fleming, Grace. "5 Steps to Writing a Position Paper." ThoughtCo, accessed June 6,
2020. https://www.thoughtco.com/how-to-write-a-position-paper-1857251
Ghani, A., “Experimental Research Methods for Students in Built Environment and
Engineering,” 2014
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274618610_Experimental_Research_M
ethods_for_Students_in_Built_Environment_and_Engineering.
https://www.projectmanager.com/academy/how-to-make-a-project-proposal
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Lazatin. H., “The Best New Fashion and Accessory Brands You Should Discover in
Manila,” 2019, https://www.townandcountry.ph/style/fashion/new-fashion-and-
accessory-brands-in-the-philippines-a00184-20190726-Ifrm.
“Research and Study Skills Book Review,” accessed June 8, 2020, http://www.
Collegeofthedesert.edu/students/asc/SiteAssets/Pages/Research-and-Study-
Skills/Book%20Review.pdf. Hazel Angelyn Tesoro, “Reading and Writing Skills,”
accessed June 9, 2020. www.depedcommons.gov.ph. 2020.
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