AERODYNAMICS 1

Engr. Francis P. Batac

 CHAPTER 6

Thermodynamic
Relationships and
Compressible Bernoulli
A high-speed flow of gas is also a high-energy flow. The kinetic energy of the fluid
elements in a high-speed flow is large and must be taken into account. When high-speed
flows are slowed down, the consequent reduction in kinetic energy appears as a
substantial increase in temperature. As a result, high-speed flows, compressibility and
vast energy changes are all related.
To study compressible flows, we must recall thermodynamics
Where:
𝛾 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜, 1.4 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑖𝑟
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝑅 = 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑖𝑟
𝑁𝑚 𝑙𝑏𝑓−𝑓𝑡
287.08 𝑜𝑟 53.342
𝐾𝑔−𝐾 𝑙𝑏𝑚−°𝑅
 𝛾 2𝛾
𝛾 𝛾 𝛾
𝑃2 𝜌2 𝜔2 𝑇2 𝛾−1 𝑣1 𝑉𝑎 2 𝛾−1
= = = = =
𝑃1 𝜌1 𝜔1 𝑇1 𝑣2 𝑉𝑎 1

Where:
𝑃 = 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒
𝜌 = 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑇 = 𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒
𝜔 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
𝑣 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
𝑉𝑎 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑
𝛾 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜, 1.4 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑖𝑟
1. Air at standard pressure and temperature, has a density of 1.225 kg/m 3. If the air is compressed
adiabatically to 3 atm, what are the specific weight, density and the temperature?
Given: Solution:
P1 = 101,325 Pa = 1 atm
T1 = 288 K For 𝜔2 :
𝛾
𝜌1 = 1.225 kg/m3 𝑃2 𝜔2
P2 = 3 atm =
𝑃1 𝜔1
Required: 1
𝜔2 = ? 𝑃2 𝛾
𝜔2 = 𝜔1
𝜌2 = ? 𝑃1
T2 = ? 1
𝑘𝑔 𝑚 3 𝑎𝑡𝑚 1.4
𝜔2 = (1.225 3 )(9.8066 2 )
𝑚 𝑠 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑁
𝜔2 = 26.33 3
𝑚
1. Air at standard pressure and temperature, has a density of 1.225 kg/m 3. If the air is compressed
adiabatically to 3 atm, what are the specific weight, density and the temperature?
Given: Solution: Solution:
P1 = 101,325 Pa = 1 atm
T1 = 288 K For 𝜌2 : For 𝑇2 :
𝛾 𝛾
𝜌1 = 1.225 kg/m3 𝑃2 𝜌2
= 𝑃2 𝑇2 𝛾−1
P2 = 3 atm 𝑃1 𝜌1 =
𝑃1 𝑇1
Required: 1 𝛾−1
𝜔2 = ? 𝑃2 𝛾 𝑃2 𝛾
𝜌2 = 𝜌1 𝑇2 = 𝑇1
𝜌2 = ? 𝑃1 𝑃1
T2 = ? 1 1.4−1
𝑘𝑔 3 𝑎𝑡𝑚 1.4 3 𝑎𝑡𝑚 1.4
𝜌2 = (1.225 3 ) 𝑇2 = (288 𝐾)
𝑚 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑘𝑔 𝑇2 = 394.2 𝐾
𝜌2 = 2.685 3
𝑚
2. Find the density of dry air if the pressure is 23 inHg and the temperature is 15 °F.

Given: Solution:
2,116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓
P1 = 23 inHg
29.92 𝑖𝑛𝐻𝑔 For 𝜌1 :
= 1,627.219 psf
𝑃 = 𝜌𝑔𝑅𝑇
T1 = 15 °F + 460 = 475 °R
𝑃
𝜌=
𝑔𝑅𝑇
Required: 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝜌1 = ? 1,627.219
𝑓𝑡 2
𝜌=
32.174 𝑙𝑏𝑚 𝑙𝑏𝑓 − 𝑓𝑡
53.342 475 °𝑅
1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 𝑙𝑏𝑚 − °𝑅

𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
𝜌 = 0.001996
𝑓𝑡 3
3. Air at standard pressure and temperature is permitted to expand adiabatically to one-half atm.
What are the density and the temperature?
Given: Solution:
P1 = 1 atm = 101,325 Pa
T1 = 288 K For 𝜌1 : For 𝜌2 :
𝛾
P2 = 0.5 atm = 50,662.5 Pa 𝑃1 𝑃2 𝜌2
𝜌1 = =
𝑅𝑇1 𝑃1 𝜌1
Required: 101,325 𝑃𝑎
1
𝜌2 = ? 𝜌1 = 𝑃2 𝛾
𝑁𝑚 𝜌2 = 𝜌1
T2 = ? 287.08
𝐾𝑔 − 𝐾
288 𝐾 𝑃1
1
𝐾𝑔 𝑘𝑔 0.5 𝑎𝑡𝑚 1.4
𝜌1 = 1.2255 3 𝜌2 = (1.2255 )
𝑚 𝑚3 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑘𝑔
𝜌2 = 0.747
𝑚3
3. Air at standard pressure and temperature is permitted to expand adiabatically to one-half atm.
What are the density and the temperature?
Given: Solution:
P1 = 1 atm = 101,325 Pa For 𝑇2 :
T1 = 288 K 𝛾
P2 = 0.5 atm = 50,662.5 Pa 𝑃2 𝑇2 𝛾−1
=
𝑃1 𝑇1
Required: 𝛾−1
𝑃2 𝛾
𝜌2 = ? 𝑇2 = 𝑇1
T2 = ? 𝑃1
1.4−1
0.5 𝑎𝑡𝑚 1.4
𝑇2 = (288 𝐾)
1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑇2 = 236.26 𝐾
Since compressible flow is a high-energy flow, massive changes in energy go hand in
hand. Therefore, the last fundamental physical principle must be taken into account.
𝑉 2 𝑉2
2 𝑉1
 𝑉 2 𝑉2
2 𝑉1
𝑉2 2 𝑉1 2
−
2 2
𝑉1 2 𝑉2 2
2 2

𝑉1 2 𝑉2 2
2 2

𝑉2
2
𝑉1 2 𝑉2 2
2 2
, and from gas law:

𝑃1 𝑉1 2 𝑃2 𝑉2 2
1 2 2 2

𝑃1 𝑉1 2 𝑃2 𝑉2 2
1 2 2 2 ≥ 0.3
1. In an undisturbed airstream the pressure is 101,325 Pa, density is 1.225 kg/m 3, and the velocity is 150 m/s.
What is the velocity if the pressure is 93,000 Pa?
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 101,325 𝑃𝑎 Check if compressible: 2𝛾 𝑃1 𝑃2
𝜌1 = 1.225 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 𝑉2 = 𝑉1 2 + −
𝛾−1 𝜌1 𝜌2
𝑉1 = 150 𝑚/𝑠 𝑉 150 𝑚/𝑠
𝑃2 = 93,000 𝑃𝑎 𝑀= =
𝑉𝑎 340.26 𝑚/𝑠
For 𝜌2:
Required: 𝑀 = 0.44 > 0.3 ∴ 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝛾
𝑉2 = ? 𝑃2 𝜌2
=
𝑃1 𝜌1
For 𝑉2 : 1
2 2
𝑃2 𝛾
𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑃2 𝑉2 𝜌2 = 𝜌1
𝑃1
1 2 2 2 1
𝑘𝑔 93,000 𝑃𝑎 1.4
2 2 𝜌2 = 1.225 𝑚
𝑉2 𝑉1 𝛾 𝑃1 𝛾 𝑃2 3
101,325 𝑃𝑎
= + −
2 2 𝛾−1 𝜌1 𝛾−1 𝜌2 𝑘𝑔
𝜌2 = 1.152𝑚 3

𝑉2 2 𝑉1 2 𝛾 𝑃1 𝑃2
= + −
2 2 𝛾−1 𝜌1 𝜌2
1. In an undisturbed airstream the pressure is 101,325 Pa, density is 1.225 kg/m 3, and the velocity is 150 m/s.
What is the velocity if the pressure is 93,000 Pa?
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 101,325 𝑃𝑎
For 𝑉2 :
𝜌1 = 1.225 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
𝑉1 = 150 𝑚/𝑠
2𝛾 𝑃1 𝑃2
𝑃2 = 93,000 𝑃𝑎 𝑉2 = 𝑉1 2 + −
𝛾−1 𝜌1 𝜌2
Required:
𝑉2 = ? 2 2(1.4) 101325 𝑃𝑎 93,000 𝑃𝑎
𝑉2 = 150 𝑚
𝑠
+ 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑘𝑔
1.4 − 1 1.225 𝑚 3 1.152𝑚 3

𝑉2 = 191.08 𝑚/𝑠
2. In an undisturbed airstream, where the pressure is 14.7 psi and the temperature is 59 °F, the velocity is 520
fps. When the velocity is 600 fps, what is the local pressure in psf?
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 14.7 𝑝𝑠𝑖 Check if compressible: 𝛾−1 𝑃2 𝑃1
= 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 = −
2𝛾 𝜌2 𝜌1
𝑇1 = 59°𝐹 + 460 𝑉 520 𝑓𝑡/𝑠
= 519 °𝑅 𝑀= =
𝑉𝑎 1116.8 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 𝛾−1 2 2 𝑃1 𝑃2 𝜌1
𝑉1 = 520 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 𝑉1 − 𝑉2 = ∙ −1
2𝛾 𝜌1 𝜌2 𝑃1
𝑉2 = 600 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 𝑀 = 0.466 > 0.3 ∴ 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒

Required: 𝛾−1 𝑃1 𝑃2 𝜌1
𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 = ∙ −1
𝑃2 = ? For 𝑃2: 2𝛾 𝜌1 𝑃1 𝜌2

𝑃1 𝑉1 2 𝑃2 𝑉2 2 From isentropic relations:

1 2 2 2 𝛾
𝑃2 𝜌2
=
𝑉1 2 𝑉2 2 𝛾 𝑃2 𝛾 𝑃1 𝑃1 𝜌1
− = −
2 2 𝛾−1 𝜌2 𝛾−1 𝜌1 1
𝜌1 𝑃1 𝛾
𝑉12
𝑉2 2
𝛾 𝑃2 𝑃1 =
𝜌2 𝑃2
− = −
2 2 𝛾−1 𝜌2 𝜌1
2. In an undisturbed airstream, where the pressure is 14.7 psi and the temperature is 59 °F, the velocity is 520
fps. When the velocity is 600 fps, what is the local pressure in psf?
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 14.7 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝛾
1
= 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓 𝜌1 𝛾−1 𝛾−1
𝛾−1 𝑃1 𝑃2 𝑃1 𝛾
𝑃2 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑇1 = 59°𝐹 + 460 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 = ∙ −1 𝑃1 2𝛾
= 519 °𝑅 2𝛾 𝜌1 𝑃1 𝑃2
𝑉1 = 520 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 𝛾−1
𝑉2 = 600 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 𝛾−1 𝑃1 𝑃2 𝛾
𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 = −1
2𝛾 𝜌1 𝑃1
Required:
𝑃2 = ? 𝛾−1
𝑃2 𝛾 𝜌1 𝛾−1
= 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 𝑃1 2𝛾
𝛾
𝛾−1 𝛾−1
𝑃2 𝛾 𝜌1 𝛾−1
= 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 𝑃1 2𝛾
𝛾
𝑃2 𝜌1 𝛾−1 𝛾−1
= 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 𝑃1 2𝛾
2. In an undisturbed airstream, where the pressure is 14.7 psi and the temperature is 59 °F, the velocity is 520
fps. When the velocity is 600 fps, what is the local pressure in psf?
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 14.7 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝛾
= 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓 𝜌1 𝛾−1 𝛾−1
𝑇1 = 59°𝐹 + 460 𝑃2 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 2𝛾
= 519 °𝑅
1.4
𝑉1 = 520 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 1.4−1
𝑉2 = 600 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
𝑓𝑡 3 1.4 − 1 2 2
𝑃2 = 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓 520 𝑓𝑡
𝑠
− 600 𝑓𝑡
𝑠
+1
2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓 2(1.4)
Required:
𝑃2 = ? 𝑃2 = 2012.21 𝑝𝑠𝑓
3. In an undisturbed airstream where the pressure is 2116.8 psf and the density is 0.002377 slug/ft3, the
velocity is 367.5 mph. When the velocity is 370.554 knots, what are the (a) pressure, (b) density, (c)
temperature, (d) specific weight, and (e) speed of sound? Use English system on solution and answers.
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓
𝜌1 = 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔/𝑓𝑡 3 For 𝑉1 :
𝑉1 = 367.5 𝑚𝑝ℎ
𝑉2 = 370.554 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑉1 = 367.5 𝑚𝑖 5280 𝑓𝑡
ℎ𝑟 1 𝑚𝑖
1 ℎ𝑟
3600 𝑠
= 539 𝑓𝑡
𝑠

For 𝑉2 :
Required:
𝑃2 , 𝜌2 , 𝑇2 , 𝜔2 , 𝑉𝑎 2 = ? 𝑉2 = 370.554 𝑛𝑚𝑖 1.15 𝑚𝑖 5280 𝑓𝑡 1 ℎ𝑟
= 625 𝑓𝑡
ℎ𝑟 1 𝑛𝑚𝑖 1 𝑚𝑖 3600 𝑠 𝑠

Check if compressible:
𝑉 539 𝑓𝑡/𝑠
𝑀= =
𝑉𝑎 1116.8 𝑓𝑡/𝑠
𝑀 = 0.483 > 0.3 ∴ 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒
3. In an undisturbed airstream where the pressure is 2116.8 psf and the density is 0.002377 slug/ft3, the
velocity is 367.5 mph. When the velocity is 370.554 knots, what are the (a) pressure, (b) density, (c)
temperature, (d) specific weight, and (e) speed of sound? Use English system on solution and answers.
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓
𝜌1 = 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔/𝑓𝑡 3 For 𝑃2:
𝑉1 = 367.5 𝑚𝑝ℎ
𝑃1 𝑉1 2 𝑃2 𝑉2 2 𝛾−1 𝑃1 𝑃2 𝜌1
𝑉2 = 370.554 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 = ∙ −1
1 2 2 2 2𝛾 𝜌1 𝑃1 𝜌2

Required:
𝑉1 2 𝑉2 2 𝛾 𝑃2 𝛾 𝑃1 From isentropic relations:
𝑃2 , 𝜌2 , 𝑇2 , 𝜔2 , 𝑉𝑎 2 = ? − = −
2 2 𝛾−1 𝜌2 𝛾−1 𝜌1 𝑃2 𝜌2
𝛾
=
𝑉1 2 𝑉2 2 𝛾 𝑃2 𝑃1 𝑃1 𝜌1
− = −
2 2 𝛾−1 𝜌2 𝜌1 1
𝜌1 𝑃1 𝛾
𝛾−1 𝑃2 𝑃1 =
𝜌2 𝑃2
𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 = −
2𝛾 𝜌2 𝜌1
1
𝛾−1 𝑃1 𝑃2 𝜌1 𝛾−1 𝑃1 𝑃2 𝑃1 𝛾
𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 = ∙ −1 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 = ∙ −1
2𝛾 𝜌1 𝜌2 𝑃1 2𝛾 𝜌1 𝑃1 𝑃2
3. In an undisturbed airstream where the pressure is 2116.8 psf and the density is 0.002377 slug/ft3, the
velocity is 367.5 mph. When the velocity is 370.554 knots, what are the (a) pressure, (b) density, (c)
temperature, (d) specific weight, and (e) speed of sound? Use English system on solution and answers.
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓
𝜌1 = 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔/𝑓𝑡 3 For 𝑃2:
𝛾−1
𝑉1 = 367.5 𝑚𝑝ℎ
𝛾−1 2 2 𝑃2 𝛾
𝑉2 = 370.554 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑉1 − 𝑉2 = −1
2𝛾 𝑃1
Required: 𝛾−1
𝑃2 , 𝜌2 , 𝑇2 , 𝜔2 , 𝑉𝑎 2 = ? 𝑃2 𝛾 𝜌1 𝛾−1
= 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 𝑃1 2𝛾
𝛾
𝛾−1 𝛾−1
𝑃2 𝛾 𝜌1 𝛾−1
= 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 𝑃1 2𝛾
𝛾
𝑃2 𝜌1 𝛾−1 𝛾−1
= 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 𝑃1 2𝛾
𝛾
𝜌1 𝛾−1 𝛾−1
𝑃2 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 2𝛾
3. In an undisturbed airstream where the pressure is 2116.8 psf and the density is 0.002377 slug/ft3, the
velocity is 367.5 mph. When the velocity is 370.554 knots, what are the (a) pressure, (b) density, (c)
temperature, (d) specific weight, and (e) speed of sound? Use English system on solution and answers.
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓
𝜌1 = 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔/𝑓𝑡 3 For 𝑃2:
𝛾
𝑉1 = 367.5 𝑚𝑝ℎ
𝜌1 𝛾 − 1 𝛾−1
𝑉2 = 370.554 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑃2 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 2 − 𝑉2 2 + 1
𝑃1 2𝛾
1.4
Required: 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 1.4−1
𝑓𝑡 3 1.4 − 1 2 2
𝑃2 , 𝜌2 , 𝑇2 , 𝜔2 , 𝑉𝑎 2 = ? 𝑃2 = 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓 539 𝑓𝑡
𝑠
− 625 𝑓𝑡
𝑠
+1
2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓 2(1.4)
𝑃2 = 2000.2 𝑝𝑠𝑓
3. In an undisturbed airstream where the pressure is 2116.8 psf and the density is 0.002377 slug/ft3, the
velocity is 367.5 mph. When the velocity is 370.554 knots, what are the (a) pressure, (b) density, (c)
temperature, (d) specific weight, and (e) speed of sound? Use English system on solution and answers.
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓
𝜌1 = 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔/𝑓𝑡 3 For 𝜌2: For 𝑇2:
𝑉1 = 367.5 𝑚𝑝ℎ 𝛾 𝑃2 = 𝜌2 𝑔𝑅𝑇2
𝑃2 𝜌2
𝑉2 = 370.554 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑠 =
𝑃1 𝜌1 𝑃2
𝑇2 =
Required:
1 𝜌2 𝑔𝑅
𝑃2 𝛾
𝑃2 , 𝜌2 , 𝑇2 , 𝜔2 , 𝑉𝑎 2 = ? 𝜌2 = 𝜌1 2000.2 𝑝𝑠𝑓
𝑃1 𝑇2 =
1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 32.174 𝑙𝑏𝑚 𝑙𝑏𝑓 − 𝑓𝑡
2000.2 𝑝𝑠𝑓 1.4 0.002283 53.342
𝑓𝑡 3 1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 𝑙𝑏𝑚 − °𝑅
𝜌2 = 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
𝑓𝑡 3
2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓 𝑇 = 510.56 °𝑅
2
𝜌2 = 0.002283 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
𝑓𝑡 3
3. In an undisturbed airstream where the pressure is 2116.8 psf and the density is 0.002377 slug/ft3, the
velocity is 367.5 mph. When the velocity is 370.554 knots, what are the (a) pressure, (b) density, (c)
temperature, (d) specific weight, and (e) speed of sound? Use English system on solution and answers.
Given: Solution:
𝑃1 = 2116.8 𝑝𝑠𝑓
𝜌1 = 0.002377 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔/𝑓𝑡 3 For 𝜔2:
𝑉1 = 367.5 𝑚𝑝ℎ 𝜔2 = 𝜌2 𝑔
𝑉2 = 370.554 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑠
𝜔2 = 0.002283 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
𝑓𝑡 3 32.174 𝑓𝑡
𝑠2
Required: 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝜔2 = 0.073 𝑓𝑡 3
𝑃2 , 𝜌2 , 𝑇2 , 𝜔2 , 𝑉𝑎 2 = ?

For 𝑉𝑎2 :

𝛾𝑃2
𝑉𝑎2 =
𝜌2

(1.4) 2000.2 𝑝𝑠𝑓

𝑉𝑎2 =
0.002283 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
𝑓𝑡 3

𝑉𝑎2 = 1107.58 𝑓𝑡/𝑠

 - END -
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