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Phase Out

This document discusses how to construct different types of 3-phase transformers by connecting the secondary windings in star and delta configurations. It provides instructions on identifying the individual windings and their phases, and connecting them to form either a star or delta secondary connection. Key aspects covered include the phase relationships between voltages and currents in star vs. delta connections.

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vbarath58
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71 views3 pages

Phase Out

This document discusses how to construct different types of 3-phase transformers by connecting the secondary windings in star and delta configurations. It provides instructions on identifying the individual windings and their phases, and connecting them to form either a star or delta secondary connection. Key aspects covered include the phase relationships between voltages and currents in star vs. delta connections.

Uploaded by

vbarath58
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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M/C-3/1

Object:

1. To study the construction of different types of transformers.


2. To phase out and connect six secondary windings of 3-phase transformer
(a) 3-phase star, (b) 3- phase Delta.

Theory: In a 3- phase transformer there are three primary windings and three secondary windings.
These winding are either connected in star or delta. In star connection the line voltage is 3 time
the phase voltage and line and phase currents are equal. This connection gives two voltages one
between phase and star point called as phase voltage, the other between two phases called as the
line voltages .In a delta system the line voltage is equal to the phase voltage and therefore only one
voltage is available. However in this case the line current is 3 time the phase current. There is a
time phase difference of 120 Degree (Elect.) between the phase quantities and also between the
line quantities.

Sometimes, to eliminate harmonics, the secondary windings are connected in zigzag instead of
simple star or delta connection.

Procedure: The primary winding is already connected in delta and may be connected to 3-phase
.400v supply when required. There are two portions in each phase winding and hence six windings
and twelve terminals in all, on the secondary side are available.

i)To find the terminals of the same winding: connect the primary to the supply and a
voltmeter across any two terminals of the secondary .If it gives a voltage, the two terminals
belong to the same winding. If the meter reads Zero then these two terminals are not from
the same winding. Identify the two terminals of each winding.
ii) To Find out the Windings of the Same Phase: Connect any two windings in series and
measure the voltage across them. If the voltmeter reads zero or double the voltage of each
winding then the two windings belong to the same phase. Thus separate the two windings
of each phase. Connect the two windings of each phase in series such that the total voltage
is twice that of one winding. Now there are three-phase winding a1 - a4, b1- b4 and c1 - c4.
Voltage across phase will be the secondary phase voltage.
iii) To connect the three secondary windings in star: Take any two windings, join two
terminals together and connect the voltmeter across the other two. If the voltage is 3
times the phase voltage the two windings are connected correctly in star, if not interchange
the terminals of any phase winding. Join one terminal of the third winding to the star point
and connect voltmeter between the other terminal of the third winding and one of the phase
terminals, and if the voltage is 3 times the phase voltage the connection is correct. If not,
interchange the terminals of the third windings.
iv) To connect the secondary windings in delta: Disconnect the star connection of secondary
windings. Take any two windings, join two terminals together and connect voltmeters
across the other two. If the voltage is equal to the phase voltage then the connection is
correct. If not, interchange the terminals of any of the two windings. Now, join one
connection of the third winding in series the above combination and connect a voltmeter
across the other two open terminals. If it reads zero voltage, then the connection is correct.
now disconnect the voltmeter and join the open ends of the windings. It forms a delta
connection. If not, interchange the terminals of the third winding.
Observations:

(a) To find the terminals of same winding:

S. No. Terminals between which, voltmeter is Voltmeter reading Inference


connected

(b) To find the windings of same phase:

S. No. Terminals Terminals between which, Voltmeter reading Inference


shorted voltmeter is connected

( c) To connect the windings in star.

S. Terminals Terminals between Voltmeter Inference


No. shorted which, voltmeter is reading
connected

(d) To connect the winding in delta:

S. No. Terminals shorted Terminals between which, Voltmeter Inference


voltmeter is connected reading
Circuit Diagram :
a4 a2

a3 a1
c1 b3
c3 b1
c2 b4

c4 b2

A1

3-Ph
400 V B1 C1
Supply
Primary Side

a1 b1 c1

a2 b2 c2

a3 b3 c3

a4 b4 c4

Secondary W inding

Sample question:

What is the phase relationship in phase and line voltage and currents in three phase star and delta
connections?

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