RESOURCE

SCHOOLS
 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Ministry of Education wishes to acknowledge the work done by the following persons who were involved in the production of the Grade 11 Principles of Business National Scheme.

Amelia Persaud

Boadnarine Harrinarine

Deoraj Nauth

Harrichandra Chaitram

@ 2023 Ministry of Education, Georgetown. Guyana

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 1
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 7 Students will: Terms: Defining the terms logistics and supply chain Oxford Principles Home
LOGISTICS Understand the i. Logistics operations of Business for assignment.
AND SUPPLY concept of ii. Supply chain operations Explaining the terms logistics and supply chain CSEC Second
CHAIN operations Edition by Robert
logistics and
Components of logistics: Dansfield, pages
supply chain i. forward and reverse flow of goods Identifying examples of logistics and supply chain 226-230
operations. ii. storage of goods operations in various businesses/industries
Concept of iii. services such as insurance CXC Study Guide
logistics and iv. related information between destinations: Listing the components of logistics Principles of
pricing, delivery dates and the methods of Business for CSEC
supply chain
transport used. Explaining each component of logistics 2nd Edition by
operations Robert Dransfield
Activities involved in supply chain operations: Drawing a diagram to show the forward and reverse et al.
i. transformation of natural resources flow of a good pages 106 - 108
ii. movement and storage of raw materials
iii. processing of raw materials and components Identifying reasons for a reverse flow of goods
into finished goods
iv. storage of work-in-progress and finished Identifying activities that show the forward and
goods reverse flow of goods in a business or industry
i. delivering the finished product from the
point of origin to the point of destination. Outlining the activities involved in supply chain
operations Poster
Identifying a product grown or extracted from raw
materials in Guyana. Set out the key activities
involved in the supply chain for this product.

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 2
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 7 Students will: The distribution chain: Explaining what is a chain of distribution Oxford Principles of Business Research
LOGISTICS Be aware of i. manufacturer for CSEC Second Edition by
AND SUPPLY links in the chain ii. wholesaler Describing the links in the chain of Robert Dansfield et al. pages
CHAIN of distribution. iii. retailer distribution 230-237
iv. consumer
The links in the Differentiating between multimodal and
chain of Know about Multimodal transport: involves two or more intermodal transport CXC Study Guide Principles
distribution modes of transportation, but the exporter deals of Business for CSEC 2nd
transportation in
with a single carrier who is responsible for the Identifying examples of multimodal and Edition by Robert Dransfield et
the movement of whole journey
intermodal transport in the movement of al.
goods various products pages 110 - 111
Intermodal transport: the delivery of cargo
using two or more modes of transport
Modes of Defining what is a mode of transport
transport Modes of transport and their suitability for Actual /virtual
different goods: Listing the various modes of transport field trips

i. air Explaining the modes of transport and

ii. rail their suitability for different good
iii. road
iv. marine (cruise and cargo) Identifying the advantages and
v. pipeline disadvantages of each mode of transport
vi. digital delivery

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 3
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 7 Students will: Transport documents: Defining each transport document Oxford Principles of Business Portfolio
LOGISTICS Understand the i. Import license - a permit from a for CSEC Second Edition by
AND SUPPLY information government body permitting goods to be Interpreting the information on each Robert Dransfield et al., pages
CHAIN found on imported into a country transport document 238-243
transport ii. Bills of lading - a document that needs to be
Transport documents. signed by a carrier to form a receipt for the Identifying the reasons for the issuing of
documents goods it will be carrying. an import license
iii. Airway bill - a receipt issued by an CXC Study Guide Principles
international airline and acts as evidence of Explaining the purposes of a bill of lading of Business for CSEC 2nd
the contract of carriage. and an airwaybill Edition by Robert Dransfield et
Analyse the role al.
The role of of transport in Differentiating between an airwaybill and pages 112 - 114
transport in marketing. a bill of lading
marketing Roles of fast and efficient transport in
marketing are: Explaining the role of a fast and efficient
i. Fast-track, the sourcing of commodities transport system in marketing
ii. Ensure the security of the supply
Assess the iii. Cost reduction
importance of
transport in Importance of transport in: Explaining the importance of transport in
domestic, i. Domestic trade domestic, regional and foreign trade
regional and ii. Regional trade
foreign trade Foreign trade.

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 4
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 7 Students will: Advantages of supply chain operations: Identifying the advantages of supply chain Oxford Principles of Group
i. better quality of life operations Business for CSEC Second presentation
LOGISTICS Recognise the ii. wealth creation Edition by Robert
AND SUPPLY advantages and iii. new and innovative job opportunities, Explaining the advantages of supply chain Dransfield et al. pages 243-
CHAIN challenges of including entrepreneurship, for example, operations 246
supply chain telemarketing.
operations.
Advantages and Disadvantages/challenges of supply chain Identifying the challenges of supply chain CXC Study Guide
disadvantages of operations: operations Principles of Business for
supply chain i. globalisation CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
operations ii. counterfeiting Explaining the challenges of supply chain Dransfield et al. pages 115 -
iii. product complexity operations 116
iv. rapid product obsolescence
v. regulatory complexity
vi. management blunders
vii. changing market conditions
viii. natural disasters
i. political instability
SCHOOL- Understand how to Recommendation for Business Cognate SBA Explaining how to develop the Oxford Principles of Research
BASED develop the recommendation for the School Based Business for CSEC Second
ASSESSMENT recommendation Assessment Edition pages 368 - 370
for the School
Based Assessment

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 5
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 7 Students will: The impact of logistics and supply chain Explaining the impact of logistics and Oxford Principles of Home assignment
LOGISTICS operations on the competitiveness of business: supply chain operations on the Business for CSEC Second
AND SUPPLY Evaluate the competitiveness of business Edition, Robert Dransfield
CHAIN impact of i. Logistics improve competitiveness. et al. pages 246-250
logistics and ii. Competitive advantage Explaining the role of the different
The impact of supply chain iii. Comparative cost advantage outsourcing outsourcing parties in logistics and supply
logistics and operations on the through: chain operations
supply chain competitiveness a. second party CXC Study Guide
operations on of business b. third party Identifying examples of outsourcing parties Principles of Business for
the c. fourth party (for example, imported in Guyana CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
competitiveness concentrates) Dransfield et al., pages 116 -
of business Identifying the outsourcing parties of a 119
Problems encountered in distribution: product produced in Guyana, where some of
i. relationship between the availability of the output is exported.
Problems airport, harbour and docking facilities
encountered in and the efficient distribution of goods Explaining what distribution is.
distribution. Recognise the ii. delayed shipment
problems likely to iii. spoilage Identifying the problems likely to be
be encountered in iv. misdirection of goods encountered in the distribution of products
the distribution of v. inadequate warehousing facilities
products vi. lack of proper security measures Explaining the causes and results of the
vii. industrial unrest problems likely to be encountered in the
viii. ineffective communication distribution of products

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

SCHOOL- Know how to Bibliography and overall presentation for the Explaining how to write the Bibliography Oxford Principles of Research
BASED write the Business cognate SBA and what the overall presentation entails of Business for CSEC Second
ASSESSMENT Bibliography and the Business cognate SBA Edition pages 368 - 370
what the overall
presentation
entails of the
Business cognate
SBA

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 6
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 7 Students will: Measures to mitigate problems in distribution, Identifying the problems in distribution and Oxford Principles of Presentation
including but not limited to: the corresponding measures to mitigate Business for CSEC Second
LOGISTICS Explore measures i. government intervention each Edition, by Robert
AND SUPPLY to mitigate ii. communication network, including the Dransfield et al., pages 250-
CHAIN problems in the use of the internet Outlining measures to mitigate problems in 251
distribution of iii. insurance the distribution of products
Measures to products iv. selecting the most appropriate channel
mitigate problems of distribution based on the product CXC Study Guide
in distribution v. using handling services with a good Principles of Business for
reputation CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
vi. careful labelling and documentation Dransfield et al. pages 119 -
vii. avoid holding large stocks 120
viii. employ security company, use security
cameras

SCHOOL- Know how to Bibliography and overall presentation for the Explaining how to write the Bibliography Oxford Principles of Research
BASED write the Business cognate SBA and what the overall presentation entails of Business for CSEC Second
ASSESSMENT Bibliography and the Business cognate SBA Edition pages 368 - 370
what the overall
presentation
entails of the
Business cognate
SBA

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 7
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 7 Students will: Forms of technology: Identifying the different forms of technology Oxford Principles of Home assignment
i. Global Positioning System (GPS) that contribute to effective supply chain Business for CSEC Second
LOGISTICS Understand the ii. Geographic Information System (GIS) operations Edition, by Robert
AND SUPPLY impact of iii. Portnet Dransfield et al., pages 252-
CHAIN information iv. Telemarketing, e-commerce Defining the different forms of technology 255
technology on v. Global logistics providers such as: that contribute to effective supply chain
Impact of logistics and a. FedEx operations
information supply chain b. DHL CXC Study Guide
technology on operations c. Amazon Logistics Explaining the impact of the forms of Principles of Business for
logistics and vi. Logistics hubs, for example, Jamaica technology on logistics and supply chain CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
supply chain operations Dransfield et al., pages 120
operations - 121

SCHOOL- Know how to Bibliography and overall presentation for the Explaining how to write the Bibliography Oxford Principles of Research
BASED write the Business cognate SBA and what the overall presentation entails of Business for CSEC Second
ASSESSMENT Bibliography and the Business cognate SBA Edition pages 368 - 370
what the overall
presentation
entails of the
Business cognate
SBA
Suggested Teaching and Learning Activities
To facilitate students' attainment of the objectives of this Section, teachers/facilitators are encouraged to engage students in the teaching and learning activities below.

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

1. Invite guest speakers (such as providers of goods and services, employers at warehouses, ports, agencies that provide courier services, custom brokers and haulage contractors) to explain
how they operate and their impact on business.

2. Arrange actual or virtual field trips to locations such as warehouses, ports, agencies that provide courier and haulage services, and custom brokers to see how they operate and their impact
on business.

RESOURCES Ballou, R.H. Business Logistics/ Supply Chain

Management, 5th edition. Pearson
Prentice Hall, 2004.
Mangan, J. and Lalwani, C. Global Logistics and Supply Chain
Management, 2nd edition. John Wiley
and Sons, 2013.
WEBSITES
www.caribbean-maritime.com

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 8
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 8 Students will: Financial institutions: Explaining what a financial institution Oxford Principles of Group
BUSINESS i. Central Bank Business for CSEC Second presentation
FINANCE Be aware of ii. Commercial banks Identifying the various types of financial Edition, by Robert
various financial iii. Non-bank financial institutions: institutions Dransfield, pages 260-265
Financial institutions and iv. Credit unions
institutions their functions. v. Insurance companies Explaining the roles of the financial CXC Study Guide
vi. Building societies institutions Principles of Business for
vii. Micro-lending agencies CSEC 2nd Edition by
Functions offered Appreciate the viii. Government agencies Robert Dransfield et al.,
by financial different services Functions offered by financial institutions: pages 121 - 126
institutions offered by ix. loans/credit facilities Describing the functions offered by
financial services. x. savings and deposits financial institutions
xi. making payments
xii. investments
Services offered Services offered by financial institutions:
by financial xiii. night safe deposits Explaining the services offered by
institutions xiv. online banking financial institutions
xv. advisory services
xvi. credit and debit cards
xvii. trustee work
xviii. deposit boxes
xix. ATM/ABM services
xx. e-trade
i. settlement services
ii. remittance services

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 9
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 8 Students will: Financial regulatory bodies are government Explaining what is a Financial Oxford Principles of Business Research
organisations such as: Regulatory Body for CSEC Second Edition by
BUSINESS Know the role and i. Central Bank Robert Dransfield et al. pages
FINANCE functions of financial ii. Jamaica Deposit Insurance Company (JDIC) Listing financial regulatory 266-267
regulatory bodies iii. Financial Services Commission (FSC) bodies
Financial
regulatory bodies Role of regulatory bodies: Identifying functions of each
i. To monitor the activities of financial institutions regulatory body
ii. To Control the activities of financial institutions CXC Study Guide Principles
Role of regulatory iii. To guide various industry sectors to protect of Business for CSEC 2nd
bodies consumers Describing the role and Edition by Robert Dransfield
functions of financial regulatory et al., pages 127 - 128
The functions of regulatory bodies are: bodies
i. To enforce financial regulations from the
Functions of government
financial ii. To enforce licenses of various financial
regulatory bodies activities, including depository, lending,
collection, and money transmission activities.
iii. To regulate the issue, supply and availability of
money
To advise the government on monetary and fiscal matters

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 10
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 8 Students will: The regulatory role: Oxford Principles of Research
BUSINESS Outlining how a Central Bank may Business for CSEC Second
FINANCE Understand the i. Central Banks- Ways in which a Central regulate commercial banks Edition, by Robert
relationship Bank may regulate commercial banks: Dransfield et al., pages 267-
between financial a. variations in the liquid assets' ratio 270
The relationship institutions and b. changing the minimum reserve requirements
between financial regulatory bodies c. vary or adjust the bank rate
institutions and
regulatory bodies ii. Financial Services Commission (FSC) – Explaining the regulatory role of the
this regulatory body of a country regulates Financial Services Commission CXC Study Guide
the providers of financial services that are Principles of Business for
not monitored and controlled by the central CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
bank. Dransfield et al. pages 128 -
Explaining the regulatory role of the 129
i. Supervisor of Insurance - is responsible for Supervisor of Insurance
the overall regulation of the insurance industry
within a country

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 11
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 8 Students will: Ways of managing personal incomes: Outlining ways used by individuals to Oxford Principles of Presentation
BUSINESS i. Allocation of income relative to manage personal income Business for CSEC Second
FINANCE Recognise ways used commitments using a budget Edition, by Robert
by individuals to ii. Savings Composing a personal budget Dransfield et al., pages 270-
Ways of manage personal iii. Investment 277
managing income iv. Financial Advising
personal incomes
Forms of savings:
CXC Study Guide
To be aware of the i. Sou sou (meeting turn, partner, box Identifying the forms of savings
Principles of Business for
Forms of savings difference between hand)
CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
savings and ii. Deposits in financial institutions ( types Explaining the forms of savings
Dransfield et al., pages 130
investments of accounts: deposit accounts, savings
- 133
account, short-term fixed deposits0
Forms of iii. Short-term fixed deposits
investments Identifying the forms of investments
Forms of investments
i. Stock market Explaining the forms of investments
ii. Government securities: bonds,
debentures Differentiating between savings and
iii. Mutual funds investments

Savings are deferred income, and investments are

risk-bearing

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 12
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 8 Students will: Types of short-term financing: Explaining the concept of short-term Oxford Principles of Home assignment
i. Trade credit financing Business for CSEC Second
BUSINESS ii. Commercial bank loans Edition, by Robert
Listing the types of short-term financing
FINANCE Understanding the iii. Promissory notes Dransfield et al., pages 277-
concepts of short- iv. Instalment credit Explaining the types of short-term financing 281
Types of short- term and long- v. Indigenous credit or private money
term financing term financing lenders
vi. Advances from customers CXC Study Guide
vii. Factoring Principles of Business for
viii. Venture capitalists CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
ix. Crowdfunding Dransfield et al. pages 134 -
Explaining the concept of long-term 136
Types of long- x. Angel investors financing
term financing
Types of long-term financing: Listing types of long-term financing
i. Loans from government agencies
ii. Mortgages Explaining the types of long-term financing
iii. Debentures
iv. Shares
v. Insurance
vi. Investment
vii. Unit trusts

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 13
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 8 Students will: Sources of personal capital: Outlining the personal sources of capital Oxford Principles of Quiz
BUSINESS i. Friends and family for setting up a business Business for CSEC
FINANCE Know the ii. Personal savings Second Edition, by Robert
personal sources iii. Government grants Dransfield et al., pages
Sources of personal of capital for iv. Loans Identifying the types of bookkeeping 281-291
capital setting up a v. Equity systems
business vi. Venture capital
vii. Crowdfunding Explaining the types of bookkeeping
CXC Study Guide
systems
Principles of Business for
Types of bookkeeping systems:
CSEC 2nd Edition by
Types of Differentiating between single-entry and
Robert Dransfield et al.,
bookkeeping To be aware of i. Single-entry double-entry bookkeeping
pages 136 - 141
systems the purposes of ii. Double entry
basic financial
records for sole Listing the basic financial statements
traders Types of Financial statements:
i. Income statement (profit and loss) Defining the basic financial statements
ii. Statement of financial position (balance
Types of Financial sheet) Explaining the purpose of each basic
statements iii. Statement of cash flow financial statement

Identifying the three main types of cash

flow

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

Suggested Teaching and Learning Activities
To facilitate students' attainment of the objectives of this Section, teachers/facilitators are encouraged to engage students in the teaching and learning activities below.
1. Engage students in preparing charts to show similarities and differences in the roles of the various financial and regulatory institutions. These charts should be completed based on their
understanding of their reading, class discussions, and teacher-guided lessons.

2. Students should be given an assignment to write a short play to reflect the services offered by the various financial and regulatory institutions. Then different students assume the manager,
customer service representative, and customer roles and dramatise these roles.

3. Engage the students in group research to identify the roles of financial regulatory bodies. A member of the group presents the report, and the presentations are discussed in the class

4. Assign students to groups in which they will use flowcharts to describe the relationships between financial institutions and regulatory bodies. The charts should be vetted, refined, and
edited during the class under the teacher's guidance and then displayed for all students to make notes.

5. Engage students in a practical assignment on managing personal income, where they identify their expenses and match these against their incomes. The students will share their
information with the class, during which time the teacher should highlight and encourage different issues such as the importance of savings.

6. Arrange for the students to play the game SAVINGS CHARADE, as outlined below.
First, allow students to research all these various savings opportunities. Then, let them prepare the charade cards with the questions on one card: the saving opportunity, type of financing, the
risk, the benefits, and the challenges. Then let them prepare the answers for each on other cards.
Divide them into two teams: Each team will present a member; one will ask the question, and the other will respond and should do so in 1-2 minutes. The arrangement is reversed if the
member fails to answer questions. The group that gets the correct answers wins.

7. Class discussion on the sources of capital and why these are options available to sole traders.

8. Students can visit websites and make notes on the various bookkeeping principles. These notes should guide the discussion in class. At the same time, the teacher outlines the relevance
and practical value of keeping accounts, as well as the importance of making a business plan and using it in the day-to-day operation of the business.

RESOURCES Bahaw, E. and Mollick, W. Comprehensive Economics for CSEC.

Caribbean Educational Publishers, 2014.

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

Robinson, K. and Cooke, N. Economics for CSEC with SBA, Study
Guide and Exercises. Carlong Publishers,
2011.
Websites:
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/basic-bookkeeping-principles-56316.html
http://www.microfinanceinfo.com/micro-financial-institutions/

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 14
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 9 Students will: Responsibilities of government in an economy: Identifying the responsibilities of Oxford Principles of Worksheet
ROLE OF government in an economy Business for CSEC Second
GOVERNMENT Examine the i. security of the State Edition, by Robert
IN AN responsibilities of ii. protection and general welfare of Dransfield et al., pages 296-
ECONOMY government in an citizens 300
economy iii. job security and severance benefits to
Responsibilities workers Explaining each responsibility of
of government in iv. protection of the environment government in an economy CXC Study Guide
an economy v. maintenance of a safe environment for Principles of Business for
investors CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
vi. regulation of business ACTIVITIES in Identifying examples of these Dransfield et al. pages 142 -
terms of providing clear guidelines as to responsibilities performed by the 143
how to set up businesses government

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 15
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 9 Students will: Policy or legislation on: Identifying measures/policies /legislation Oxford Principles of Quiz
ROLE OF the government take to protect the Business for CSEC Second
GOVERNMENT Appreciate how i. green technology environment. Edition, by Robert
IN AN government can ii. reforestation Dransfield et al., pages 301-
ECONOMY influence iii. proper disposal of waste Describing how the government can use the 309
businesses to iv. zoning laws measures/policies /legislation to influence
How the protect the v. the appropriate use of technology in the businesses to protect the environment
government environment production and disposal of waste CXC Study Guide
influences Principles of Business for
businesses to Defining what is a tax CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
protect the Reasons why the government charges taxes: Dransfield et al., pages 144
environment Examine the i. to curb inflation by reducing the supply Listing the reasons why the government - 147
purposes of of money in the economy charges taxes
taxation ii. to remove the competition from local
Reasons why the goods to protect infant or fledgling Explaining the reasons why the government
government industries by taxing imports at high rates charges taxes
charges taxes iii. to lower employment by encouraging
persons to buy local produce, thus
enabling linkages among sectors
iv. to achieve greater equality in the
distribution of wealth and income by
taxing the higher-income earners to
provide social services for the majority
of citizens

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 16
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 9 Students will : Direct taxes refer to those taxes where the burden of Explaining what is a direct tax Oxford Principles of Home assignment
the taxes and the payments of them fall on the same Business for CSEC Second
ROLE OF Know how to individual. This tax is usually applied to income and Outlining the types of direct taxes Edition by Robert
GOVERNMENT distinguish capital and is paid by individuals. Dransfield et al. pages 310-
IN AN between direct 315
ECONOMY and indirect taxes. Examples of direct taxes:
i. Income tax
ii. Corporate tax
CXC Study Guide
Direct and iii. Capital gains tax
Principles of Business for
indirect taxes iv. Capital transfer tax
CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
Explaining what is an indirect tax
Dransfield et al. pages 147 -
Indirect taxes refer to those taxes where the burden
149
and payment of the taxes fall on different Outlining the types of indirect taxes
individuals. This tax is levied on goods and services
and is usually paid by manufacturers or importers.
Examples of indirect taxes:
i. Custom duty
ii. Excise duty
iii. Purchase tax Distinguishing between direct and indirect
iv. Stamp duty taxes
Consumption tax such as GCT, SCT and VAT

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 17
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 9 Students will : Forms of government assistance include: Identifying forms of government Oxford Principles of Business Test
ROLE OF assistance given to businesses for CSEC Second Edition by
GOVERNMENT Recognise the i. lending capital and technical Robert Dransfield et al. pages
IN AN forms of assistance Describing the forms of assistance 315-323
ECONOMY assistance offered ii. training and human resource offered by the government to businesses
by the
development
government to CXC Study Guide Principles of
Forms of iii. research and information centres
businesses
government iv. subsidies and grants Explaining what is meant by social Business for CSEC 2nd Edition
assistance services by Robert Dransfield et al.,
pages 150 - 153
Social services Identifying social services provided by
provided by the the government
government Social services provided by the government:
Analyse the
Discussing the social services provided
social services
i. healthcare by the government
provided by the
ii. national insurance
government
iii. education
iv. roads and transportation.

SCHOOL-BASED SUBMISSION OF SBA FINAL REPORT

ASSESSMENT
Suggested Teaching and Learning Activities
To facilitate students' attainment of the objectives of this Section, teachers/facilitators are encouraged to engage students in the teaching and learning activities below.
1. Use role play where students dramatise the role played by governments. They should describe how citizens benefit or may get help.

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

2. Students could be asked to investigate the negative behaviour of firms and their impact and how these can be solved through positive actions. (For example, waste disposal).

3. Teachers can invite students to list the various activities of governments. Then they should be invited to indicate how the government obtains funds to pay these expenses. Additionally,
students can be asked to illustrate the other reasons why the government charges taxes.

To reinforce this topic, so students learn the many different reasons for taxation, the teacher could give them an assignment to present a chart.
4. Research on forms of government assistance, including institutions for lending capital and technical assistance; training and human resource development; research and information centres;
subsidies and grants.

5. Research on social services provided by the government, such as healthcare, National Insurance Scheme, education, roads and transportation
RESOURCES Moynihan, D. and Titley, Economics for CSEC with SBA, Study
B. Guide and Exercises. Carlong Publishers,
2011.
Robinson, K. and Hamil, S. Economics: A Complete Course for IGCSE
and O Level. University Press, 2007.
WEBSITES
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=26uGJCo0pvo
www.youtube.com/watch?v=26uGJCo0pv
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=26uGJCo
http://www.fte.org/teacher-programs/online-programs/economics-online-for-teachers/lecture-8-1-the-role-of-government-in-the-economy

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 18
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will: Concept: Defining business technology Oxford Principles of Research
Business for CSEC Second
TECHNOLOGY Understand the Business technology Explaining the concept of business Edition by Robert
AND THE concept of technology Dransfield et al. pages 328-
GLOBAL business Role of technology in business: 329
BUSINESS technology i. Storage of data Explaining what is meant by
ENVIRONMENT. ii. Retrieval of data Information Communication CXC Study Guide
Analyse the role iii. Manipulation of data Technology Principles of Business for
Role of of Information iv. Transmission or receipt of digital data CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
technology in Communication Explaining the role of Information Dransfield et al. pages 154 -
business Technology (ICT) Communication Technology (ICT) in 155
in business business
Ways in which Ways in which technology has influenced banking and
technology has commerce: Illustrating the role of ICT in an
influenced i. Through the introduction of Automatic Teller identified business
banking and Machines (ATMs) and Automated Banking
commerce Machines (ABMs) Explaining ways in which technology
ii. The practice of online banking has influenced banking and
Through electronic commerce (e-commerce). commerce.

SCHOOL- SUBMISSION OF SBA FINAL REPORT

BASED
ASSESSMENT

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 19
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will : Types of technology: Identifying the types of ICT used in Oxford Principles of Research
business Business for CSEC Second
TECHNOLOGY Recognize the 1. Traditional: Edition, by Robert
AND THE types of ICT used a. Productivity tools, for example: Describing each type of ICT used in Dransfield et al., pages 330-
GLOBAL in business i. word business 333
BUSINESS ii. excel
ENVIRONMENT. iii. database software: Access
iv. presentation software: PowerPoint, Prezi Identifying examples of each type of CXC Study Guide
Types of v. graphics software: Adobe Photoshop ICT used in businesses Principles of Business for
technology CSEC 2nd Edition by
b. Specialist application Robert Dransfield et al.,
i. Accounting: QuickBooks pages 156 - 158
ii. Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
iii. Management Information Systems.

2. Digital communication technologies:

i. Internet
ii. mobile

SCHOOL- SUBMISSION OF SBA FINAL REPORT

BASED
ASSESSMENT

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 20
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will: Concepts: Defining e-commerce and e-business Oxford Principles of Group
TECHNOLOGY Business for CSEC Second presentation
AND THE Appreciate the i. E-commerce Distinguishing between E-commerce and Editio by Robert Dransfield
GLOBAL differences ii. E-business E-business et al.n pages 333-336
BUSINESS between E-
ENVIRONMENT. commerce and E-
business CXC Study Guide
Concept of Identifying ways in which ICT can be used Principles of Business for
business to improve the efficiency of business CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
technology operations Dransfield et al. pages 158 -
Ways in which technology can improve 161
Ways in which Recognise how business: Explaining ways in which ICT can be used
technology can ICT can be used i. speed and time to improve the efficiency of business
improve business to improve the ii. easier storage operations
efficiency of iii. improved sharing of information
business iv. automation
operations

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 21
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will: Benefits of technology to business: Explaining the benefits to business from the Oxford Principles of Research
TECHNOLOGY i. reach more potential customers and develop use of technology Business for CSEC Second
AND THE Recognise the a business relationship with potential Edition by Robert
GLOBAL benefits of ICT to customers . Dransfield et al. pages 335-
BUSINESS business ii. streamline operations, reduce costs, 340
ENVIRONMENT. improve efficiency, maximise profit,
minimise waste, and devote talent to core CXC Study Guide
Benefits of business instead of overhead Principles of Business for
technology to iii. provide better service to customers CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
business iv. support better relationships with key Dransfield et al., pages 161
partners Explaining ethics in business - 163
Consequences of Evaluate the v. allow customers to better guide the
unethical use of ethical business Outlining ethical issues concerning ICT
ICT implications of
the use of ICT in Consequences of unethical use of ICT: Identifying ways in which businesses can
business i. security deal with ethical issues raised by the use of
ii. privacy ICT
intellectual property infringement
iii. impact on humans
Distraction.

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 22
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will: Indicators of a country's standard of living (SOL): Defining the term 'standard of living.' Oxford Principles of Presentation
TECHNOLOGY i. level of consumption of goods and Business for CSEC Second
AND THE Be aware of the services Outlining the factors determining a Edition by Robert
GLOBAL factors that ii. average disposable income of the country's standard of living Dransfield et al. pages 341-
BUSINESS determine a population 344
ENVIRONMENT. country's standard iii. level of national ownership of capital
of living and equipment
Indicators of a quality of life iv. access to modern technology CXC Study Guide
country's standard v. level of investment in research and Principles of Business for
of living technology Defining the term 'quality of life.' CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
Dransfield et al. pages 164 -
Indicators of quality of life (QOL): Outlining the factors determining a 166
Indicators of country's quality of life
quality of life i. the extent of security enjoyed (level of crime)
ii. availability of health, educational and
recreational facilities
iii. diet and nutrition
iv. life expectancy
v. rate of infant mortality
vi. access to public utilities, such as electricity,
potable water and technology.

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 23
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will: Concept: Explaining national Oxford Principles Home assignment
TECHNOLOGY Be aware of National Income (NI) income and its variations: of Business for
AND THE national income gross national product, CSEC Second
GLOBAL and its variations: NI variattions : gross domestic product, Edition by Robert
BUSINESS gross national i. Gross National Product (GNP) per capita income Dransfield et al.
ENVIRONMENT. product, gross ii. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) pages 345-350
National income domestic product, iii. Per capita income (PI) Explaining how each of
and its variations: per capita income these concepts affects
gross national The role of education in economic growth and development: growth and development CXC Study Guide
product, gross Understand the and impacts the standard Principles of
domestic product, role of education i. Building human capital These factors help an of living and quality of Business for
per capita income in economic ii. Developing an innovation economy to develop life CSEC 2nd Edition
growth and iii. Spreading knowledge by Robert
The role of development Describing how Dransfield et al.
education in Reasons why countries trade with each other: education can improve pages 168 - 171
economic growth i. One country may not be endowed with certain assets or have the natural the workforce leading to
and development Examine the resources an increase in output
reasons for ii. a country may not be able to produce the goods and services they need
Reasons why international in the quantities or of the quality that they require Explaining what is meant
countries trade trade. iii. a country may not have the climate to grow certain foods by foreign trade/
with each other iv. International trade allows foreign direct investment allowing individuals international trade
in one country to invest money in foreign companies and other assets.
Outlining the reasons for
international trade

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 24
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will: Functions of these institutions and related Listing major economic institutions Oxford Principles of Business for CSEC Portfolio
TECHNOLOGY agreements: and systems Second Edition, by Robert Dransfield et
AND THE Analyse the i. Caribbean Community (CARICOM) al., pages 351-354
GLOBAL functions of ii. Caribbean Single Market and Economy Identifying the functions of major
BUSINESS major economic (CSME) economic institutions and systems
ENVIRONMENT. institutions and iii. Caribbean Development Bank (CDB) CXC Study Guide Principles of Business
systems. iv. International Bank for Reconstruction for CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
Functions of and Development (IBRD); Dransfield et al., pages 171 - 172
major economic v. World Bank
institutions and vi. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
systems vii. World Trade Organization (WTO)
viii. Organisation of American States
(OAS)

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 25
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will : The impact of economic institutions/ trade Explaining the possible impact that each of Oxford Principles of Research
agreements impact the Caribbean: these institutions/agreements can have on Business for CSEC Second
TECHNOLOGY Analyse how i. Caribbean Community (CARICOM) – share Caribbean countries Edition, by Robert
AND THE economic resources and approaches between members Dransfield et al., pages 355-
GLOBAL institutions or making the region more competitive 360
BUSINESS trade agreements globally
ENVIRONMENT impact the ii. Caribbean Single Market and Economy CXC Study Guide
Caribbean (CSME) – enables CARICOM businesses to Principles of Business for
operate on a larger scale, hence facilitating CSEC 2nd Edition by Robert
The impact of economic growth Dransfield et al. pages 174 -
economic iii. Caribbean Development Bank (CDB) – 176
institutions/ trade provides funds which enable countries to
agreements use their resources effectively, hence
impact the enabling long-term sustainable economic
Caribbean growth
iv. International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD) – provide funding to
natural disaster countries, thus enabling
them to rebuild their damaged or lost
infrastructure. Identifying the major economic problems of
v. World Bank – contributes to developmental the Caribbean
projects to strengthen the economy, hence
reducing poverty

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

vi. International Monetary Fund (IMF) – Explaining the major economic problems of
provides short-term finance to assist the Caribbean
Major economic Recognise the countries in managing their debts, thus
problems in the major economic eventually achieving economic growth
Caribbean problems of the vii. World Trade Organization (WTO) – enables
Caribbean tariff-free entry of Caribbean products to
foreign markets, thus allowing Caribbean
countries to earn foreign exchange
viii. Organisation of American States (OAS)-
develops policies which focus primarily on
democracy and human rights, thus
developing stronger systems to deal with
cybercrime, terrorism, drug trafficking and
money laundering

Major economic problems in the Caribbean:

i. Unemployment ii. Debt burden
iii. Population iv. Sourcing
density capital and raw
materials
v. Migration vi. Economic
dualism in the
region

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 26
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
SECTION 10 Students will: Possible solutions to economic problems: Outlining appropriate solutions Oxford Principles of Business End of Unit Test
TECHNOLOGY Recognise i. access to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to the major economic problems for CSEC Second Edition by
AND THE appropriate ii. development of human resources of the Caribbean Robert Dransfield et al. pages
GLOBAL solutions to the iii. development of manufacturing, distribution, and 360-364
BUSINESS major economic export sectors
ENVIRONMENT problems of the iv. development of technology to generate economic Defining foreign investment,
Caribbean ACTIVITIES. foreign direct investment and
Solutions to the Foreign investment: foreign indirect investment CXC Study Guide Principles
major economic Understand the i. Foreign direct investment of Business for CSEC 2nd
problems of the role, benefits ii. Foreign indirect investment Explaining how foreign Edition by Robert Dransfield
Caribbean and impact of investments can positively et al., pages 176 - 180
foreign impact Caribbean countries and
investment businesses

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

WEEK 27
TOPIC/SUB- GENERAL EVALUATION
CONTENT ACTIVITY RESOURCE
TOPIC OBJECTIVE STRATEGY
Week 26 cont.d The role, The positive impact of foreign investment: Explaining the negative aspects CXC Study Guide Principles End of Unit Test
benefits and i. It provides access to much-needed capital for of foreign investment of Business for CSEC 2nd
impact of development projects Edition by Robert Dransfield
foreign ii. The accumulation of capital and the incomes that it Explaining the role, benefits, and et al., pages 176 - 180
investment generates help to pay for improved infrastructure impact of foreign investment
iii. It creates jobs
iv. It causes improvement in a country's Balance of
Payments position

Suggested Teaching and Learning Activities

To facilitate students' attainment of the objectives of this Section, teachers/facilitators are encouraged to engage students in the teaching and learning activities below.
1. Teachers should identify internet links where students should visit and return to the class with information for class discussion. The teacher can guide the content by giving specific
questions to be investigated and discussed.
2. Assign topics for homework. Tell students to read it and come to class with their notes. Hence, this should form the stimulus for the guided discussion.

3. Use a flow chart and show the students the link between all the concepts.

4. Assign a debate moot to bring out the problems facing Caribbean economies and solutions. Divide the class into two groups, those supporting and those opposing. Have them prepare and
present their information. You may ask other business teachers in your department to be judges.

5. Identify a controversial position on foreign investment that will generate much discussion. Divide the class into two groups and have them prepare the topic. Document points on the board
for students to review

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 NATIONAL SCHEME FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Curriculum Area: Economics GRADE 11

6. Organise a Library Research Day when students visit the library as a class. Give them questions covering a topic and let them research the answers from sources in the library. Then,
randomly select different students to present their findings. The teacher should guide the presentations to ensure students record and share the correct information.

7. Engage students in a research project on how Information Communication Technology is used in local, regional and international trade and its contribution to economic ACTIVITIES

RESOURCES
Moynihan, D. and Titley, B.Economics: A Complete Course for IGCSE and O Level. University Press, 2007

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