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Assignment of Gauss Law

The document discusses Gauss's law and its applications. It explains Coulomb's law, which describes the relationship between electric force and charge and distance. It then introduces Gauss's law, relating electric flux through a closed surface to the electric charge enclosed. It provides the formula for Gauss's law and explains what electric flux represents.

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Arnab Nath
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253 views3 pages

Assignment of Gauss Law

The document discusses Gauss's law and its applications. It explains Coulomb's law, which describes the relationship between electric force and charge and distance. It then introduces Gauss's law, relating electric flux through a closed surface to the electric charge enclosed. It provides the formula for Gauss's law and explains what electric flux represents.

Uploaded by

Arnab Nath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TOPIC-3

Gauss Law and Its Applications

Coulomb's Law
Colomb’s law states that the magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or
repulsion between two electrically charged bodies is directly proportional to the
product of the charge of the charged bodies and inversely proportional to the square
of the distance between the center of the charged bodies.

This inverse-square relationship is why the law is also referred to as Coulomb’s


inverse-square law.
This concept can be confusing when first introduced. Looking at the formula for
Coulomb’s Law below can help you visualize the relationship between charge and
distance, and how this influences the electrostatic force (electrostatic force is the
electric force between charged bodies at rest. This is also known as the Coulomb
force).

Where,

1. ‘F’ is the repulsion or attraction force between two charged objects.


2. ‘Q1’ and ‘Q2’ are the electrical charged of the objects.
3. ‘d’ is distance between center of the two charged objects.
4. ‘k’ is a constant that depends on the medium in which charged
objects are placed. In S.I. system, as well as in M.K.S. system k=1/4π
εoεr. Hence, the above equation becomes.

Gauss’s Law
# Gauss’s law is a general law in physics that gives a relationship between charges
enclosed inside a closed surface to the total electric flux passing through the
surface. The charges can be present in the air as point charges, inside a solid
conductor, or on the surface of a hollow conductor. s per the Gauss theorem, the
total charge enclosed in a closed surface is proportional to the total flux enclosed by
the surface. Therefore, if ϕ is total flux and ϵ0 is electric constant, the total electric
charge Q enclosed by the surface is

Q = ϕ ϵ0

The Gauss law formula is expressed by

ϕ = Q/ϵ0

Where,

Q = Total charge within the given surface

ε0 = The electric constant

Φ = → E.d → A = qnet/ε0..

In simple words, the Gauss theorem relates the ‘flow’ of electric field lines (flux) to
the charges within the enclosed surface. If no charges are enclosed by a surface,
then the net electric flux remains zero.

This means that the number of electric field lines entering the surface equals the field
lines leaving the surface.

Measurement of Electric Flux


The concept of flux describes how much of something goes

through a given area. More formally, it is the dot product of a vector

field (in this chapter, the electric field) with an area. You may

conceptualize the flux of an electric field as a measure of the

number of electric field lines passing through an area.

Electric Flux Formula


The total number of electric field lines passing a given area in a unit of time is
defined as the electric flux. Similar to the example above, if the plane is normal to the
flow of the electric field, the total flux is given as:

END

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