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UNIT 1 - Linguistica

This document covers a variety of topics related to language, including symbols, icons, the meaning of traffic lights, pronunciation differences between languages, the influence of writing on speech, different writing systems like syllabaries, sign languages, and academic fields like philology, narratology, and dialectology. It contains examples and discussions of each topic.

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Mar Martinez
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10 views2 pages

UNIT 1 - Linguistica

This document covers a variety of topics related to language, including symbols, icons, the meaning of traffic lights, pronunciation differences between languages, the influence of writing on speech, different writing systems like syllabaries, sign languages, and academic fields like philology, narratology, and dialectology. It contains examples and discussions of each topic.

Uploaded by

Mar Martinez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION

ACTIVITIES

1.

A) It represents a tourist site, you can find it on road signs. It´Its an stylized iconic representation of a castle.
We could take it as a symbol.
B) It represents a smiley emoji indicating “happiness”. It is an icon
C) It is used to indicate that the components of something are dangerous. It is a symbol.
D) These are complementary opposites which form a whole. This is called Yin and Yang in the Chinese
philosophy (the good and the bad). It is a symbol
E) It is found on doors and walls of buildings to indicate “wheelchair access”. It is iconic
F) It is found on doors in public buildings indicating “female toilet”. The sign is iconic of “female/woman”
but not of the meaning. It could be taken as an icon or symbol.
G) It is found on walls in buildings to indicate “no smoking”. It is mainly iconic. Also, the slash line
crossing the picture is iconic of “you can´t smoke”

THere is not a clear cutline between icons and symbols, many signs combine elements of both types.

2.

The meaning of the different colored lines is:


Red: you must stop
Yellow: you should stop
Green: you can go
The syntagmatic relations could be how the lights are arranged.
Hockett´s design features are cultural transmission and arbitrariness.

3.

Loudness suggests emphasis, it is iconic (very important or larger in size). Another way that the response
might be made larger could be by adding more words like when saying “No way!”

5.

For example in spanish we say “Espain” as we don’t have words starting with just an “s” in our language, we
pronounce that “s” as “es”. The correct way would be if we say “Spain”.
Also, when saying “swimming or playing”, we drop the letter “g” and pronounce it as “swimmin or playin”

6.

No, it doesn’t illustrate duality of pattering. Maybe there is sequential pattering in the way songs are put
together, which may vary from occasion to occasion. However, there is no reason to doubt that the resulting
sequences make different signs

7.

Yes they do, but they do it in different ways. Chinese use symbols, it is logographic, however, English uses
sounds, it is alphabetic.

8.
The six features of human language that we studied are: arbitrariness, displacement, cultural transmission,
duality, productivity and refexivity.
Others could be prevarication, the ability to lie or manipulate.

9.

No, good piece of writing is not necessarily a good spoken piece of speech if it is read aloud.
Some pieces of writing might be read well but would not sound very good when spoken.
In writing there might be less collocations, slang terms or sured words, while on speech, there might be
fewer technical terms.
Also, in written English there is a tendency to avoid exact repetition of words and use synonyms instead.

10.

One way of influence of writing on speech comes from spelling pronunciations. That is words
pronunciations according to the way they are spelt.
In English we could find some examples as “often” which is pronounced with the -f sound though
historically there was no “t”. Also words spelt with initial “h” were originally pronounced without it like
“hotel, hospital”.

11.

Syllabary is a set of written symbols that represent the syllables that make up words. A symbol in a syllabary
(syllabogram) represents a consonant sound which can be optional followed by a vowel sound.
There are ancient languages that use this system.

12.

It is a representation of the English language in the form of manual gestures. Grammar and Lexicon are the
same as in English, in contrast to the sign languages that are used in deaf communities, quite distinct from
English.
t is related to Seeing Essential English, based on the morphemes of English words.

13.

Philology: It is the study of literature and of disciplines relevant to literature or to language as used in
literature
Narratology: It is the study of narrative structure. Narratology looks at what narratives have in common and
what makes one different from another.
Dialectology: It is the study of dialects. Variation most commonly occurs as a result of relative geographic or
social isolation and may affect vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation.

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