Chapter

6 Circle
Shortcuts

1. If the radius of the circle 5. The radius of the director circle of a circle
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 be r and it touches x2 + y2 = a2 is 2 a.
both the axes, then | g | = | f | = c = r. 6. If (x1, y1) is one end of a diameter of the circle
2 2 x2 + y2+ 2gx + 2fy + c = 0, then the other end is
2. x intercept of circle x + y + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is
[(x1 + 2g), (y1 + 2f)].
2 g2  c .

ns
7. If S1 and S2 are two circles, then equation of
i. If g2 < c, circle neither touches nor intersects
X-axis. their common chord is S1  S2 = 0.
i.e., 2(g1  g2)x + 2(f1  f2)y + (c1  c2) = 0
ii. If g2 = c, circle touches X-axis.
If g2 > c, circle intersect X-axis at two different

io
iii. 8. If two tangents drawn from the origin to the
points. circle x2 + y2+ 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 are
perpendicular to each other, then g2 + f2 = 2c.
3. y intercept of circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0

at
9. The length of the tangent drawn from any point on
is 2 f2 c .
the circle x2 + y2+ 2gx + 2fy + c1 = 0 to the circle
i. If f2 = c, then the circle touches the Y- axis.
x2 + y2+ 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is c  c1 .
ii.
lic
If g2 = f2 = c, then the circle touches both the axis.
10. If the circle x2 + y2 + 2ax + c2 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2
4. The length of the side of an equilateral triangle
1 1 1
inscribed in the circle x2 + y2 = a2 is a 3 . by + c2 = 0 touch each other, then + = .
a 2 b2 c 2
ub
Classical Thinking
6.1 Equation of a circle in different forms 6. (C) Let O be the centre Y
P

1. (A)

2. (A) Required equation is (x – a)2 + (y – a)2 = a2 O

(0, 4) r
et

 x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2ay + a2 = 0
4
X X
3. (B) The equation of circle with centre (x1, y1) is O 6
From the figure,
(x – x1)2 + (y – y1)2 = r2
rg

Radius (r) = (4) 2 + (3) 2 = 5 Y

Since the circle touches both the axes,
x1 = y1 = r 7. (C) Radius = Distance from origin = α2 +β2
 (x – x1)2 + (y – x1)2 = x12  (x – )2 + (y – )2 = 2 + 2
Ta

 x2 + y2 – 2x1(x + y) + x12 = 0  x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0

a b a 2 + b2
4. (B) Since the circle touches X-axis, 8. (A) Centre is  ,  and radius =
Y  2 2 4
radius = 2.
 the equation of the circle is
(x – 1)2 + (y – 2)2 = 22
 x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 = 0 a b
 , 
b 2 2
5. (A) Consider option (A),
a X
x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2by + 2b2 = 0 O
Centre = ( a,  b) Hence, equation of circle is
 option (A) is the correct answer. x2 + y2 – ax – by = 0
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MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

9. (B) The given equation represents a circle having line 21. (B) Circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 touches X-axis
segment joining ( x1 , y1 ) and ( x2 , y2 ) as a diameter.  radius = ordinate of centre
 the coordinates of its centre are  g 2 + f 2  c = (– f)
 x1  x2 y1  y2   g2 = c
 , .
 2 2  22. (C) Given conditions are g = f = r
10. (D) By diameter form, the required equation is and g 2 + f 2  c = r
( x  x1 )( x  x2 )  ( y  y1 )( y  y2 )  0 g= c=f=r
 ( x  4)( x  12)  ( y  3)( y  1)  0 23. (C) Both axis, as centre is (– 2, 2) and radius is 2.
 x 2  y 2  8 x  2 y  51  0 24. (B) Centre is (0, – 3) and radius = 02 + 9  0 =3
O
11. (C) Extremities of diameter are (5, 7) and (1, 4). X

ns
Radius is half of the distance between them.
1 (0,–3)
 Radius = (4) 2 + (3) 2
2
5

io
=
2
Y
Hence, circle touches X-axis at the origin.
12. (A) Using condition of point circle,

at
25. (C) Centre (3, 4) of the given circle is satisfying
Radius = g 2 + f 2  c = 0
only x + y = 7
 g2 + f2 = c  Option (C) is the correct answer.
26. (D) Here, the centre of circle (3, – 1) must lie on
13. (D) Here, g = 2, f = 3 and c = 13
lic the line x + 2by + 7 = 0.
 r= g2  f 2  c  3 – 2b + 7 = 0
 r = 4  9  13 = 0 b=5
27. (A) 4x2 + 4y2 = 9
ub
 option (D) is the correct answer. 2

 x2 + y2 =  
9 3
2
14. (C) (Radius) = g + f – c2 2  x2 + y2 =
4 2
 121 = 81 + 36 – k  k = – 4 3 
 x = cos , y = sin 
P

1 2 2
15. (A) Here, g = , f = 0 and c = 0
4 28. (C) (x – 3)2 + (y + 4)2 = 52
Comparing with (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2, we get
 centre = ( g,  f )   , 0 
1
et

h = 3, k =  4, r = 5
4  
 Parametric equations are
and r 
1
00 
1 x = 3 + 5 cos , y = – 4 + 5 sin 
16 4
rg

x +1
29. (B) = cos  ….(i)
16. (B) Radius = cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ + 8 =3 2
y 3
and = sin  ….(ii)
Ta

17. (C) 2
Squaring (i) and (ii) and adding, we get
18. (D) The given equation represents a circle,
 y 3
2 2
 x +1
if coeff. of x2 = coeff. of y2 and coeff. of xy = 0   +   =1
 2   2 
 a = 2 and b = 0
 (x + 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4,
Also, it passes through origin.
 Centre is (– 1, 3).
 c=0
6.2 Equation of tangent to a circle, Condition of
19. (D) If c = 0, circle passes through origin. tangency, Tangents from a point to a circle

20. (B) Intercept made by the circle on the X-axis 1. (B) The equation of the tangent to the circle
x2 + y2 = a2 at (x1, y1) is xx1 + yy1 = a2
= 2 99 = 0 …[Using Shortcut 2] Here, x1 = 1, y1 = – 4
 Intercept cut on X-axis is zero.  The equation of the tangent at (1,  4) is
Hence, circle touches X-axis. x – 4y = 17

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Chapter 6: Circle
2. (B) The slope of the tangent will be 9. (A) Putting x = 7, we get y2 – 6y + 9 = 0
  Y  y = 3,3
1 a
–   i.e.,– . Hence, the point of contact is (7, 3).
b
 
b (a,b)
a 10. (B) The line y = mx + c is a tangent to the circle
X
x2 + y2 = a2, if c2 = a2m2 + a2
O Here, a = 2, m = – 3
a  c2 = 4(3) + 4 = 16
Hence, the equation of the tangent is y = – x
b c= 4
i.e., by + ax = 0
11. (C) c = a 1  m 2
3. (B) Equation of tangent at (6, 8) to Here, a = 4, m = 2
x2 + y2 = 100 is 6x + 8y = 100

ns
 c =  4 1 4 =  4 5
6 100
 y= x+
8 8 12. (A) Let S1  x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y + 6 = 0
6 3 and S2  x2 + y2 – 5x + 6y + 15 = 0
m= =

io
8 4 Then equation of common tangent is
S1 – S2 = 0
4. (C) Equation of tangent at (a, b) is
 3x = 9
ax + by – r2 = 0

at
Comparing with ax + by –  = 0, we get x=3
 = r2 13. (B) Let S1  x2 + y2 – 12y + 27 = 0
5. (A) The equation of the tangent to the circle and S2  x2 + y2 – 9 = 0
lic
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 at (x1, y1) is
xx1 + yy1+ g(x + x1) + f (y + y1) + c = 0
Then equation of common tangent is
S1 – S2 = 0
Here, g = 1, f = 0, c = – 1  – 12y + 36 = 0
 The equation of the tangent at (–1, 2 ) is y=3
ub
–x+ 2y+x–1–1=0
14. (C) Equation of the circle is 2x2 + 2y2 – 1 = 0
 2y=2 y= 2
1
y– 2 =0  x2 + y2 – =0
2
P

6. (A) Equation of tangent is given by Length of the tangent from the point (2, – 3) is
xx1 + yy1 + g(x + x1) + f (y + y1) + c = 0 1 1 5
22   3  = 13  =
2
1 3 2 2 2
 – 2x + y  (x – 2) + (y + 1) – 10 = 0
et

2 2
 – 4x + 2y – x + 2 + 3y + 3 – 20 = 0 15. (B) Length of the tangent from the point (– 3, 8) is
 – 5x + 5y – 15 = 0  3  82  8 3  2 8  1
2

x–y+3=0
rg

= 9 + 64 + 24 +16 +1 = 114
7. (A) The equation of the tangent to the circle
x2 + y2 = a2 at P() is x cos  + y sin  = a 16. (B) Equation of the circle is
π 3x2 + 3y2 – 4x – 6y + 2 = 0
Ta

Here, a = 5,  = 4x 6y 2
3  x2 + y2 – – + =0
 The equation of the tangent is 3 3 3
π π  Length of the tangent from the origin is
x cos + y sin =5
3 3 4 6 2 2
02  02    0     0   =
 3 3 3 3 3
1
 x   + y   = 5
2  2  17. (A) Length of tangent segment
 x + y 3 = 10 = 52  32 10(5)  k(3) 17 = 7
8. (C) Find points of intersection by simultaneously  67 + 3k = 49
solving for x and y from y = mx + c and k=–6
 2 2

x2 + y2 = a2 which comes out as   a m , a 
 c c  18. (B)

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MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

19. (C) Length of tangent 20. (B) Director circle has its radius 2 times that of
radius of the given circle.
= 32 +(4)2  4(3)  6(4) +3 = 40
 The required equation is x  y  2a .
2 2 2
 Square of length of tangent = 40

Critical Thinking
6.1 Equation of a circle in different forms  3
2
5
2

 x    ( y  2)   
2

1. (B) The centre of the circle which touches each  2  2

axis in first quadrant at a distance 5, will be  x2 + y2  3x  4y = 0
(5, 5) and radius will be 5.
5. (B) According to the figure, A(0, 0), B(a,0),
 equation of the circle is
C(a, a) and D(0, a).

ns
(x – 5)2 + (y – 5)2 = (5)2 D C
 x2 + y2 – 10x – 10y + 25 = 0 a a
and centre is  ,  .
 2 2 a
2. (D) Since circle touches the co-ordinate axes in III
 the equation of the circle is
quadrant.

io
2 2 a
Y  a  a a2
 x    y    A B
 2  2 2
O
X X  x  y  ax  ay  0
2 2

at
r
6. (A) Since the circle touches
(–h,–k) r X-axis at (3, 0). Y
 centre of the circle is (3, k).
Y
lic Now, CA2 = CB2
 Radius = – h = – k  (3  3)2 + (k  0)2 B (3,k)
Hence, h = k = – 5 (1,4) C
= (3  1) + (k  4)
2 2
 Equation of circle is (x + 5)2 + (y + 5)2 = 25
ub
 k = 4 + k  8k + 16
2 2
O A(3, 0)
X
3. (B) Centre (2, 2) and 5
 k=
r= (4  2)2 +(5  2)2 2
= 13  the required equation of circle is
P

2 2

(x  3)2 +  y   =  
Hence, required equation is 5 5
(x  2)2 + (y  2)2 =      
2
13 2 2
 x2 + y2  6x  5y + 9 = 0
et

 x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y – 5 = 0
4. (D) Given, OA = 3 and 7. (D) Since, the circle touches Y-axis at (0, 2).
OB = 4  centre of the circle is (h, 2).
Now, CA2 = CB2 Y
rg

3
 OL = and CL = 2
 h – 0   2– 2
2 2
2 Y 
By pythagoras theorem,
  h –  –1    2 – 0
2 2
OC2 = OL2 + LC2
Ta

B A(0, 2)
2 C(h, 2)
 OC2 =   + 22 3   h  h  2h  1  4
3 2 2

 2
C , 2
2  5 X B O X
25
4 2h  5  0  h   (–1, 0)
= 2 2
4 3/ 2 X  equation of circle is
5 O L A
 OC =
2 2
 5  5
 x    ( y  2)    
2
2
 2  2
3 
The centre of the circle is  , 2  and 25 25
2   x2   5x  y2  4y  4 
4 4
5
radius = .  x2  y2  5x  4 y  4  0
2
Point (–4, 0) satisfies this equation.
 the equation of the circle is
 option (D) is the correct answer.

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Chapter 6: Circle
8. (A) Y 13. (B) Centre of circle = Point of intersection of
diameters = (1, – 1)
Now, area = 154
(2,3)
 r2 = 154  r = 7
Hence, the equation of required circle is
(1, k) k
(x – 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 72
 x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y = 47
k
14. (A) Let its centre be (h, k), then
X X
O (1,0) h–k=1 ....(i)
Y Also, radius a = 3
Since the circle touches X-axis at (1, 0).  Equation of the circle is
 centre of the circle is (1, k) and radius = k (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = 9

ns
 equation of the circle is (2 –1)2 + (3 – k)2 = k2 Also, it passes through (7, 3)
 1 + k2  6k + 9 = k2 i.e., (7 – h)2 + (3 – k)2 = 9 ....(ii)
5 From (i) and (ii), we get
 k=
3 h = 4, k = 3

io
10  Equation is x2 + y2 – 8x – 6y + 16 = 0
 diameter = 2k =
3 15. (B) Let centre be (h, k). Then,
9. (A) The point of intersection of 3x + y  14 = 0 and (h  2)2 +(k  3)2 = (h  4)2 +(k  5)2

at
2 x  5 y  18  0 is (4, 2).
 – 4h + 4  6k + 9 = 8h + 16  10k + 25
Centre of the circle is (1, 2).
 4h + 4k – 28 = 0
 radius =  4  1   2  2  5
2 2
h+k–7=0
 the equation of the circle is
lic ….(i)
Since, centre lies on the given line.
(x  1)2 + (y + 2)2 = 52  k  4h + 3 = 0 ….(ii)
 x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  20  0 Solving (i) and (ii), we get
(h, k) = (2, 5)
ub
10. (A) Here, r = 10 (radius)
Centre will be the point of intersection of the  centre is (2, 5) and
diameters, i.e., (8, – 2).
 2  2   5  3 2
2 2
Hence, required equation is radius =
(x – 8)2 + (y + 2)2 = 102  the required equation of the circle is
 x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y – 32 = 0
P

(x  2)2 + (y  5)2 = (2)2

11. (A) Since the centre always lies on the diameter.  x2 + y2  4x  10y + 25 = 0
Solving 2x + 3y = 3 and 16x  y = 4, we get
16. (B) Let centre of circle be (h, k).
 3 4
et

co-ordinates of the centre =  ,  . Since it touches both axes, therefore h = k = a

 10 5  Hence, equation can be (x – a)2 + (y – a)2 = a2
The circle passes through (4, 6). But it also touches the line 3x + 4y = 4
2 2

 r2 =  4     6   3a + 4a  4
3 4
rg

10 5  
 =a
9  16
2 2

=       a=2
37 26 4073
 10   5  100 Hence, the required equation of circle is
Ta

 the equation of the circle is (x  2)2 + (y  2)2 = 22

 3  
2
4 4073
2
 x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y + 4 = 0
x  y  
 10   5 100 17. (A)
 100x2 + 100y2  60x  160y = 4000
 5 (x2 + y2)  3x  8y = 200
C (3,–1)
12. (D) Since the centre always lies on the diameter.
Solving 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 and 3x  y  4 = 0, 2x  5y + 18 = 0
the co-ordinates of the centre are (1, 1). A D B
Given, circumference = 10
 2r = 10  r = 5 Let AB be the chord cut off by the circle on
 the equation of the circle is the line 2x  5y + 18 = 0.
(x  1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 52 Let CD be the perpendicular drawn from
 x2 + y2  2x + 2y  23 = 0 centre (3, 1) to AB.
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MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

2(3)  5(1)  18 23. (B) Let A(x, y) be the required point.

 CD =  29 Y
22  (5)2
and AD = 3 P(1,0)
X X
 CA2 = AD2 + CD2 = 32 +  
2
(1,2)
29 = 38
C
 the equation of the circle is A(x, y)
(x  3)2 + (y + 1)2 = 38
18. (C) The equation of circle in third quadrant touching Y
the coordinate axes with centre (– a, – a) and Given equation of circle is
radius ‘a’ is x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y  3 = 0
x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2ay + a2 = 0 ….(i)  Centre = (1, 2)
Since, line 3x  4y + 8 = 0 touches the circle Since C is the midpoint of AP.

ns
 perpendiular distance from centre of the  A= (3, 4)
circle to the line = radius 24. (A) Let another end of the diameter be (h, k).
3(a)  4(a) + 8
 =a Since centre is the midpoint of the diameter.
9 +16 ph qk

io
 Centre =  , 
a=2  2 2 
Substituting a = 2 in equation (i), we get Since the circle touches X-axis,
x2 + y2 + 4x + 4y + 4 = 0

at
qk
This is the required equation of the circle radius =
2
2(1)   4 1
19. (A) Radius of circle =
4 +1
=
5  (h  p)2  (k  q)2 = 2 q  k

 Equation is (x – 1) + (y + 3) =  1 
2 2
lic 2
 (h  p) 2  (k  q ) 2 =  q  k 2
2

 5
 (h – p)2 = (k + q)2 – (k – q)2
1  (h – p)2 = 4ky
 x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y + 10 =
ub
5  Locus of (h, k) is (x – p)2 = 4qy
 5x + 5y – 10x + 30y + 49 = 0
2 2
25. (B) Centre of the circle
20. (B) Circle whose diametric end points are (1, 0) x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 3 = 0 is C(2, 3).
and (0, 1) will be of smallest radius.
 Since, it touches the Y-axis
P

By using diameter form, equation of circle is

(x  1) (x  0) + (y  0) (y – 1) = 0  r=2
Hence required equation of the circle is
 x2 + y2  x  y = 0
(x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 22
et

21. (A) The given equation represents a circle,  x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 9 = 0

if coeff. of x2 = coeff. of y2
After solving the given equation , we get 26. (A) Centre of the given circle is (0,  1).
K 1 3  the required circle passes through (0, – 1).
 K 
rg

 r=  0 1   1  2  2
2 2
3 4 4
22. (C) Let another end of the diameter be (x, y). Hence, the required equation is
Centre of the given circle is (2, 3). (x – 1)2 + (y + 2)2 = ( 2 )2
Ta

Since centre is the midpoint of the diameter.

 x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y + 3 = 0
3 x 4 y
 2 , 3
2 2 27. (B) Centre of the required circle is (– 4, – 5) and it
 x = 1, y = 2 passes through (2, 3).
 (x, y) = (1, 2)  Radius =   4  2    5  3
2 2
= 10
Alternate Method:  Equation of the required circle is
Here, (x1, y1) = (3, 4)
(x + 4)2 + (y + 5)2 = (10)2
 (x, y) = (–(3 – 4), –(4 – 6))
 x2 + y2 + 8x + 10y – 59 = 0
…[Using Shortcut 6]
= (1, 2) 28. (A) Circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is
concentric with x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y + 20 = 0.
Thinking Hatke Q. 22
 centre is (1, –2) and
Substitute the co-ordinates given in the options into
the equation of the circle and verify. radius = (4 1)2 +(2+2)2 = 32 02 = 3

6
 

Chapter 6: Circle

g2 +f 2  c 34. (C) Since Xintercept = 2a

Also, r =
 2 g  c = 2a
2
….(i)
 3 = (1) (2) c
2 2

 9=1+4c Also, Y-intercept = 2b

 c=–4  2 f 2  c = 2b ….(ii)
29. (A) Consider option (A), On squaring (i) and (ii) and then subtracting
x2 + y2 + 8x + 2y  8 = 0 (ii) from (i), we get
Point (1, 3) is common to both circle and lies g2 – f2 = a2 – b2
on above circle also. Hence, the locus is
Since point (1, 3) satisfies the equation of
circle in option (A). x2 – y2 = a2 – b2
 correct answer is option (A).

ns
35. (C) Let the equation of circle be
30. (B) The centres of two circles are C1(–, 0) and x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0.
C2(0, –2) and their radii are  2  2 and 2 . Now on passing through the given points,
The given circles touches each other, if we get three equations

io
2  4 = 2  2 + 2 c=0 ….(i)
 2 + 4 = 2 – 2 + 2 + 2 2  2  2 a2 + 2ga + c = 0 ….(ii)
 2 = 2  2

at
2
b + 2fb + c = 0 ….(iii)
 2 = 4
Solving equations (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
=2
a b
31. (B) Let the centre of the required circle be (x1, y1).
lic
Centre of given circle is (1, 2) and
g=– ,f=–
2 2
r = 1  4  20  5 a b
Hence, the centre is  ,  .
 radii of both circles are same.  2 2
 Point of contact (5, 5) is the mid point of the
ub
line joining the centres of both circles. 36. (B) The equation of circle through points (0, 0),
x1 1 y1  2 (1, 3) and (2, 4) is
 = 5 and =5
2 2 x2 + y2 – 10x = 0
 x1 = 9, y1 = 8
P

Point (k, 3) will be on the circle, if

Hence, the required equation is k2 + 9 – 10k = 0
(x – 9)2 + (y – 8)2 = 25
 x2 + y2 – 18x – 16y + 120 = 0  k2 – 10k + 9 = 0
et

32. (A) Equation of circle concentric to given circle is  k2 – 9k – k + 9 = 0

x2 + y2 – 6x + 12y + k = 0  (k 1) (k  9) = 0
Since area of required circle = 2 (area of  k = 1 or k = 9
rg

given circle)
 9 + 36  k = 2 9 + 36  15  
37. (D) x = 2a  1  t 2 
2
….(i)
 45 – k = 60 1+ t 
 k = – 15
Ta

Hence, the required equation of circle is 4at

y= ….(ii)
x2 + y2 – 6x + 12y – 15 = 0 1+t2
33. (B) We have the equation of circle Squaring and adding (i) and (ii), we get
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 (1  t 2 ) 2 16 a 2 t 2
But it passes through (0, 0) and (2, 1) . x2 + y2 = 4a2. 2 2
+
(1+ t ) (1+ t 2 ) 2
 c=0
5 + 4g + 2f = 0 ….(i) 4a 2
= [1 – 2t2 + t4 + 4t2]
(1+ t 2 ) 2
Also g +f  c = | g |
2 2

4a 2
f=0 ….[  c = 0] = (1 + t2)2
(1+ t 2 ) 2
5
 g=– ….[From (i)]
4  x2 + y2 = (2a)2
Hence, the equation will be 2x2 + 2y2 – 5x = 0.  Radius = 2a
7
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

38. (B) The point of intersection is 42. (C) C1 : x2 + y2  6x = 0 ....(i)
x = a cos  + b sin  C2 : x2 + y2  6y = 0 ....(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
y = a sin  – b cos 
x=y ....(iii)
 x2 + y2 = a2 + b2 Substituting (iii) in (i), we get
Hence, it is equation of a circle. y=3
 x=3
39. (A) Given equation of circle is Point on circle is P(3, 3) and
x2 + y2  4x  6y + 9 = 0 3 3
 x2  4x + 4 + y2  6y + 9  4 = 0 centre =  , 
 2 2
 (x  2)2 + (y  3)2 = 4 2 2
 centre = (2, 3), radius = 2  3  3 3
 Radius =  3    3   =
 2   2 

ns
The diameter of this circle is a chord of circle 2
with centre O(1, 1).  equation of the circle is

2
3  3
2
9
 x    y   = 2
 2  2

io
 x2 + y2  3x  3y = 0
O(1, 1)
43. (D) The centres of two circles are C1(1, 0) and
r

at
C2(–2, –4) and their radii are 1 and 2 units
Q respectively.
P(2, 3)
Let C be the centre of the required circle.
Then, CP = CQ = 1.
OP = (3 1)  (2 1) = 5
2 2
lic  CC1 = 2 and CC2 = 3.
Clearly, C divides C1 C2 in the ratio 2 : 3.
QP = 2 Therefore, coordinates of C are
 r2 =  5 + 22  r = 3
2
 4  3 8  0   1 8
 =   ,  .
ub
 ,
 23 23   5 5
40. (A) The centre of the given circle is C1(2,  3) and
radius
1 1 1 2
 2  32   12
2
= C1(1,0) P
P

C1 (2,3) A C Q C2(–2,–4)
=5 5

 3 2   2  3
2 2
C1C2 = Hence, equation of the required circle is
et

2 2
= 25  25  1  8
 x     y   1
2
C2(3, 2)
= 50  5  5
 5 x 2  5 y 2  2 x  16 y  8  0
 50 5
2
rg

 Radius of S is C2A =
2

6.2 Equation of tangent to a circle, Condition of

= 75 tangency, Tangents from a point to a circle
= 5 3
Ta

1. (D) The equation of the tangent to the circle

41. (D) The centre of the given circle is C1(1, 3) and x2 + y2 = 50 is xx1 + yy1 = 50
The circle meets the line x = 7.
radius = (1)2  (3)2  6  (7)2 + y12 = 50
= 1 9  6  y12 = 50 – 49 = 1
=2  y1 =  1
C1C2 = (2 1)2  (1 3)2  Equation of the tangent is 7x  y = 50

= 1 4 = 5 2. (A) Abscissa = 1
Hence, given equation of circle reduces to
 5  2
2
 Radius of bigger circle =
2 y2 = 9
y=3
= 54  Equation of tangent at
=3 (1, 3) to x2 + y2 = 10 is x (1) + y(3) = 10

8
 

Chapter 6: Circle
3. (A) Equation of the tangent at (1 , 3 ) is 8. (B) Centre and radius of the circle
x+ 3y–4=0 x + y + 4x  4y + 4 = 0 are ( 2, 2) and 2
2 2

respectively.
P (1, 3 ) Let the equation of tangent be
x + y + c = 0. Then,
O M R(4, 0) 2  2  c
=2
2
 c = 2 2
PM = 3 and OR = 4
But for positive intercepts, c = 2 2
1
Hence, the required area =  4  3=2 3  The tangent is x + y  2 2 = 0
2

ns
9. (C) The equation of the tangents are
4. (B) Centre (– 6, 8), radius = 6 2 + 8 2 = 10
5x – 12y + 10 = 0 and 5x – 12y – 16 = 0
 Equation of circle is x2 + y2 + 12x – 16y = 0
Hence, they are parallel to each other. The
 Equation of tangent at (0, 0) is

io
perpendicular distance between these two
6x – 8y = 0 3x = 4y lines is the diameter of the circle
5. (B) The equation of the circle with centre (0, 1) is c1  c 2
2r =

at
x2 + (y – 1)2 = a2 a 2  b2
It passes through the point (1, 1) . c1 = 10; c2 = –16; a = 5; b = –12
 12 + (1 – 1)2 = a2
 2r = 10  (  16) =
26
=2
 radius is 1.
lic
 The equation of the circle is x2 + y2 – 2y = 0.
5 2  12 2 13
r=1
The equation of the tangent at (1, 1) is
x+y–y–1=0 10. (B)
ub
x–1=0 11. (B) 2y = 3x – k
2 2
6. (C) Equation of the tangent to x + y = 2 at (h, k) is 3 k
 y= x–
hx + ky = 2 2 2
P

By comparing hx + ky = 2 with x + y = 2, Now c = a2 (1 + m2)

2

point of contact is (1, 1). k2 9

 = 4r2 (1+ )
Equation of the tangent to x2 +y2 + 3x +3y 8 = 0 4 4
et

at (1, 1) is  k2 = 52r2
3 3
x (1) + y(1) + (x + 1) + (y + 1)  8 = 0 12. (C) y = mx + c is a tangent, if
2 2
c =  a 1  m 2 , where m = tan 45 = 1
rg

 5x + 5y  10 = 0
x+y=2  The equation is y = x  6 2

7. (B) Here, g = –3, f = –1 13. (B) Line y = mx + c is a tangent if

Ta

Equation of tangent at (a, 4) is c =  a 1+ m2

ax + 4y – 3(x + a) – (y + 4) + 1 = 0  y = mx + 5 1 + m 2
 (a – 3) x + 3y – 3a – 4 + 1 = 0
14. (B) The tangent is ycos  = xsin  + acos 
 (a – 3) x + 3y – 3(a + 1) = 0
 y = x tan  + a
 a  3
 x + y – (a + 1) = 0 Comparing with y = mx + c, we get
3
m = x tan , c = a
Comparing with y + c = 0, we get
It is a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = a2,
a 3
=0a=3 If c2 = a2(1 + m2)
3
i.e. a2 = a2(1 + tan2 )
– (a + 1) = c  c = – 4
 sec2  = 1
 ac = –12
 cos2  = 1
9
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

15. (C) Apply for tangency of line, mx  y + c = 0, 20. (C) x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y – 23 = 0
centre being (0, 2) and radius = 2  C1 (–1, –4), r1 = 2 10
2 + c Again x2 + y2 – 4x – 10y + 9 = 0
=2
1 + m2  C2 (2, 5), r2 = 2 5
Now C1C2 = distance between centres.
 C1C2 = 9  81 = 3 10 = 9.486 and
 c2  4c + 4 = 4 + 4m2
r1 + r2 = 2( 10 + 5 ) = 10.6
 c2 – 4c – 4m2 = 0
r1 – r2 = 2 5 ( 2 – 1)
4 ± 16 +16m2
c= or c = 2 (1 + 1+ m2 ) = 22.20.4
2 = 4.40.4
= 1.76
16. (D) Suppose that the point be (h, k).
C1C2 = 2 10 > r1 – r2

ns
Tangent at (h, k) is
r1 – r2 < C1C2 < r1 + r2
hx + ky = a2 and x – y = – 2 a  Two tangents can be drawn.
h k a2 a a
or = = or h = – ,k= 21. (C) x2 + y2  4x  6y  12 = 0
1  2a

io
1 2 2 C1 = (2, 3), r1 = 4  9  12 = 5
 a a  x2 + y2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0
Therefore, point of contact is   , .
 2 2 C2 = (3, 9), r2 = 9  81  26 = 8

at
 3  2   9  3
2 2
17. (D) x cos  + y sin  – p = 0 is a tangent, if C1C2 = = 13
perpendicular from centre on it is equal to C1C2 = r1 + r2
 The given circles touch each other externally.
radius of the circle. Here centre is
(a cos, a sin ) and radius is a.
lic  Number of common tangents is 3.
a cos 2   a sin 2   p 22. (B) The centres and radii of the two circles are
 =a
1 C1(7, –3), C2(0, 0), r1 = 5, r2 = a
ub
For 4 common tangents,
i.e., |a – p| = a  p = 0 or p = 2a r1 + r2 < |C1C2|
72   3 =
2
18. (B) Equation of the tangent at (1, –2) to the circle C1C2 = 58 ≈ 7.6
x2 + y2 = 5 is x – 2y = 5 r1 + r2 < |C1C2| for a = 1, 2
P

Here, only point (3, –1) lies on the tangent.  Number of possible circles = 2
19. (B) P(x1, y1) 23. (D) Let S1: x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 and
S2 : x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 7 = 0
et

 the equation of the common tangent to both

O(–1,1) the circles is S1 – S2 = 0
 6x + 8y – 16 = 0
 3x + 4y = 8 is the common equation of the
rg

tangent from the given choices,

Let point of contact be P(x1, y1). 4 7
it is clear that the point  ,  lies on the
This point lies on line x1 + 2y1 = –12 ….(i) 5 5
Ta

y1  1 tangent.
Gradient of OP = m1 =
x1  1 24. (D) Tangent of the given circle meets the line
1 5x  2y + 6 = 0 at a point Q (0, 3) on the
Gradient of x + 2y + 12 = m2 =  Y – axis.
2
The two lines are perpendicular.  Length of tangent = (0)2  (3)2  6(0)  6(3)  2
 y1  1   1  PQ = 9 +18  2
     = 1
 x1  1   2  = 25 = 5
2x1  y1 = 3 ….(ii) 25. (B) Let (x1, y1) be any point on the circle
On solving equations (i) and (ii), we get x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + C1 = 0
 18 21   x 12 + y12 + 2gx1+ 2fy1 + C1 = 0
(x1, y1) =  , 
 5 5  i.e. x 12 + y12 + 2gx1+ 2fy1 =  C1

10
 

Chapter 6: Circle
Length of the tangent from (x1, y1) to the circle 32. (C) Let the equation of other tangent from the
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + C2 = 0 is origin be y = mx, then length of the
x1  y1  2gx1  2fy1  C2 =
2 2
C1  C2 perpendiculars from the centre (2, 1) on the
two tangents is same.
= C2 C1 2m  1 6 1 5
= =
26. (C) According to the given condition, 1  m2 9 1 10
2 + 2  4  5 = 2 + 2 + 6  2 + 6  m = 3 or
1
 10  2 + 11 = 0 3
1
27. (C) According to the given condition,  Slope of other tangent is and its equation is
f g 6
2 2
4 3
=
f 2  g2  3f  3g 1 1
y=  x
 f2 + g2 + 4f + 4g + 2 = 0 3

ns
 x – 3y = 0
x 2 + y 2 + 2 x  4 y  20 2
28. (B) = 33. (D)
x 2 + y 2  4 x + 2 y  44 3
 x + y + 14x – 16y + 28 = 0
2 2

io
(10,– 6)
 Centre = (–7, 8)
r
29. (D) Let the point be P(x1, y1)

at
According to the given condition,
x12  y12  2 x1  4 y1  20 2 Equation of tangent y = mx + c, where m = 2
= is y = 2x + c
x  y  2 x1  8 y1  1
2 2 1
 2x + y  c = 0
1 1


x12  y12  2 x1  4 y1  20
x12  y12  2 x1  8 y1  1
=
4
lic Now, x2 + y2  20x + 12y + 11 = 0
1  2g = 20, 2f = 12
 x12 + y12 – 2x1 + 4y1 – 20  g = 10, f = 6, c = 11
= 4x12 + 4y12 – 8x1 – 32y1 + 4  Centre ( g,  f) = (10,  6)
ub
 3x1 + 3y1 – 6x1 – 36y1 + 24 = 0
2 2
radius = g  f  c = 125 = 5 5
2 2
 x12 + y12 – 2x1 – 12y1 + 8 = 0
Since distance of tangent from the centre is
30. (B) Length of tangents is same i.e., S1 = S2 = S3 equal to radius,
P

We get the point from where tangent is drawn, 2(10)  6  c

5 5 =
by solving the 3 equations for x and y. 4 1
i.e., , x2 + y2 = 1,  5 5  5 = | 14  c |
x2 + y2 + 8x + 15 = 0 and
et

 c = 11 or 39
x2 + y2 + 10y + 24 = 0  Equations of tangents are
or 8x + 16 = 0 and 10y + 25 = 0
y = 2x  11 and y = 2x + 39
5
 x = –2 and y = –
rg

2 34. (C) Equations of tangents are

 5 3 1  3 
2
Hence, the point is  2,   . y= x 1+  

2  4 5  4 
Ta

31. (C) Let P(x1, y1) be a point. Let l12 , l22 , l32 be the [ equation of tangent is y = mx  a 1+ m
2
]
squares of lengths of the tangents from the
3 1 16  9
point P (x1, y1).  y= x
 l12 = x 12 + y12 – a2 4 5 16

l22 = x 12 + y12 – b
2  4y = 3x  5
l32 = x 12 + y12 – c
2  3x + 4y =  5
Assume that x 12 + y12 = k 35. (A)
 l12 = k – a2; l22 = k – b2; l32 = k – c2
or we can say that (1,–3)
a2 = k – l12 ; b2 = k – l22 ; c2 = k – l32
Since l12 , l22 and l32 are in A. P., we have
a2, b2 and c2 are in A.P. 3x – 4y + k = 0

11
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

Equation of circle is, 40. (A) Equation of line perpendicular to
x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y – 6 = 0 5x + 12y + 8 = 0 is 12x – 5y + k = 0.
centre (1, –3) Now it is a tangent to the circle, if
Radius of circle = 4 Radius of circle = Distance of line from centre
of circle
And centre of circle = (1, –3)
12(11)  5(2)  k
Equation of tangent is 3x – 4y + k = 0 121  4  25 =
144  25
3×1  4×(3) + k
 =4  k = 8 or – 252.
 3 +  4
2 2
Hence, equations of tangents are
12x – 5y + 8 = 0, 12x – 5y = 252
Hence, k = 5, – 35
41. (D) Let (h, k) be the point of intersection.
36. (A) Equation of line parallel to the Then the chord of the tangent is the common

ns
3 x + y + 3 = 0 is 3 x + y + k = 0
chord of the circles x2 + y2 = 12 and
x2 + y2 – 5x + 3y – 2 = 0
But it is a tangent to the circle
x2 + y2 – 5x + 3y – 2 = 0
x2 + y2 = a2, then

io
k
=a
1 3 x2 + y2 = 12
 k =  2a

at
Hence, the required equation is 5x – 3y – 10 = 0
3 x + y  2a = 0 The equation of the common chord is
5x – 3y – 10 = 0 …(i)[Using Shortcut 7]
37. (D) Let the equation of tangent be
4x + 3y + k = 0 ...(i)
lic The equation of common chord of contact is
hx + ky – 12 = 0 …(ii)
S  x + y – 6x + 4y – 12 = 0
2 2
Equations (i) and (ii) represents the same line.
The centre and radius of S are (3, –2) and h k 12
  =
5 3 10
ub
5 units
Distance of (i) from centre of S = radius 18
12  6  k
 h = 6, k =
 =5 5
5 42. (B) Required equations are given by SS1 = T2
P

 |6 + k| = 25  h2 (x2 + y2– 2rx – 2hy + h2) = (rx + hy – h2)2

 6 + k =  25  (h2 – r2)x2 – 2rhxy = 0
 k = 19 or – 31  x{(h2 – r2) x – 2rhy} = 0
 x = 0, (h2 – r2) x – 2rhy = 0
et

 Equation of tangent is 4x + 3y + 19 = 0 or
4x + 3y – 31 = 0 43. (A) Required equations are given by SS1 = T2
 (x2+ y2– 2x+4y) (1+4) ={y – 1(x)+ 2 (y + 1)}2
38. (A) Any tangent to x2 + y2 = b2 is y = mx – b 1 m  2x2 – 2y2 – 3x + 4y + 3xy – 2 = 0
rg

It touches (x – a)2 + y2 = b2  (2x – y + 1) (x + 2y – 2) = 0

ma  b 1  m
2 A
if = b or ma = 2b 1 m
2 44. (B)
m 1
Ta

or m2a2 = 4b2 (1 + m2), O

2b
 m=
a  4b 2
2
B
Radius = R = 16  4  16 = 2
39. (D)
L = OA = S1 = 16 = 4
(1, 2)
2LR
Length of AB =
r=3 4x + 3y + c = 0 L2  R 2
2 4 2 16 8
Tangent is of form 4x + 3y + c = 0. From = = =
4 2
2 2
20 5
condition of tangency to the circle, we get 64
c = – 25. Hence, equation is 4x + 3y – 25 = 0.  AB2 =
5

12
 

Chapter 6: Circle
45. (B) Let S  x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 47. (D) The centre of the circle
Area of quadrilateral = 2 [area of OAC] x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  9 sin 2   13cos 2   0
1
S1  g2  f 2  c is C(2, 3) and its radius is
=2 OAAC =
2
22  (3) 2  9sin 2   13cos 2 
A
 4  9  9sin 2   13cos 2   2sin 
Let P(h, k) be any point on the locus. Then
O C
APC   . Also PAC   / 2 i.e., triangle
APC is a right angle triangle.
B A
Point O is (0, 0)
 S1 = c

 Area = c  g  f  c P
2 2 C

ns
(h,k) (–2,3)
1
46. (C) Required area = (5  15)  2 = 75 B
2
AC 2sin 
Y  sin   
(h  2) 2  (k  3) 2

io
PC

(1, 7) 15 (16, 7)  (h  2) 2  (k  3) 2  2
y=7
 (h  2) 2  (k  3) 2  4

at
5
 h 2  k 2  4h  6k  9  0
 The required equation of the locus is
(1, 2)
X x2  y2  4x  6 y  9  0
lic
Concept Fusion
ub
1. (C) ABC is equilateral. 3. (A) Let the foot of origin on the variable line be P.
 O(0, 0) is the centroid.
 (0, 0) and (, ) subtends right angle at P.
A
 Locus of P is a circle assuming (0, 0) and
P

O(0, 0) (, ) as end points of diameter.

 Required locus is
et

B C
D
(x – 0)(x – ) + (y – 0)(y – ) = 0
O divides AD in the ratio 2 : 1
 x2 + y2 – x – y = 0
rg

AO 2
 =
OD 1
4. (A) Let M(h, k) be mid point B
AO 2 AO 2
Ta

 =  = of the chord AB.

AD  AO 1 9  AO 1
 AO = 18  2 AO  AO = 6 units OM  M
  cos O
 radius = 6 units OB 3 (0, 0)
 equation of circle is x2 + y2 = 36. A
h2  k2 1
 
 3 2
2. (B) y = – x +  touches the circle,

9
  1 1  h2 + k2 =
  = a 1   2   2 + 2 = 2
2 2
2 1 4
     a
 x 2  y 2  9 / 4 is the locus of the mid point
 1 1
2

 Locus of  ,  is x2 + y2 =  
1
  a of chords.
13
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

5. (C) PQ = QR = PR = 1 OC
sin 45 =
 PQR is an equilateral triangle. OA
 Incentre of the triangle is same as the 1  h  1   k  1
2 2

centroid.  =
2 2
 1 3
 0 1 00   (h + 1) + (k – 1)2 = 2
2
 Centre of circle = 2 2 
 3
,
3   h2 + k2 + 2h – 2k = 0
 
 
8. (D) Substituting y = n – x in x2 + y2 = 16,
1 1  x2 + (n – x)2 = 16
=  2, 
 2 3  2x2 – 2nx + n2 – 16 = 0
For x + y = n to meet at two distinct points,
6. (C) Equation of the tangent at (1, 7) to x2 = y – 6

ns
(–2n)2 – 4 (2) (n2 – 16) > 0
is 2x – y + 5 = 0
 4n2 – 8n2 + 128 > 0
Centre of the given circle is (– 8, – 6).
 n2 < 32
 n can take values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

io
2x – y + 5 =
Y
(–8, –6)

at
Q4
Q2Q3 Q5
Q1

P5
lic –4
0
4
P4
X
Perpendicular from the centre (– 8, – 6) to P3
2x – y + 5 = 0 is equal to the radius of the x2 + y2 = 16 P2
P1
circle.
ub
2  8   6  5
 = 8 6 c
2 2

2 1
2 2
Solving x + y = 1 and x2 + y2 = 16
5 we get 2x2 – 2x – 15 = 0
 = 100  c  c = 95
P

5 (x1 – x2)2 = (x1 + x2)2 – 4(x1 x2)

 15 
7. (C) = (1)2 – 4  
 2 
et

= 31
Similarly, (y1 – y2)2 = 31
O(–1, 1)  (P1 Q1)2 = (x1 – x2)2 + (y1 – y2)2
rg

2 = 31 + 31 = 62
45 Similarly,
A C(h, k) B (P2 Q2)2 = 56, (P3 Q3)2 = 46
Ta

(P4 Q4)2 = 32, (P5 Q5)2 = 14

The centre and radius of the circle are (–1, 1)  Required sum = 62 + 56 + 46 + 32 + 14
and 2 respectively = 210

MHT-CET Previous Years’ Questions

1. (B) The given equation represents a circle, 2. (B) The given equation represents a circle,
if coeff. of xy = 0. if coeff. of xy = 0.
 h=0
1
 2k–1=0k= and (3) 2  (1)2  k = 2
2
 10 – k = 4
radius = ( 1) 2  (2) 2  3  2
 k=6
14
 

Chapter 6: Circle
3. (B) Y  h = 3, k = –2 and r = 4
 Parametric equations are
x = 3 + 4cos, y = –2 + 4 sin
x = –a x=a 8. (D) Given parametric equation of circle,
x = 6 cos  and y = 6 sin 
B (–a, b) A (a, b) Squaring and adding, we get
y=b x2 + y2 = 36cos2 + 36sin2
 x2 + y2 = 36
X 9. (C) Centre of circle x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y + 1 = 0 is
(–1, 2) and centre of circle x2 + y2 – 8x + 6y
y = –b + 17 = 0 is (4, –3)
C (–a,–b) D (a, –b)  Equation of the required circle is

ns
(x + 1) (x – 4) + (y – 2) (y + 3) = 0
 x2 + y2 – 3x + y – 10 = 0
Here, the diagonals AC and BD of rectangle  1  t2 
10. (B) x = 4a  2 
ABCD are diameters of the circle passing 1 t 

io
through the vertices A, B, C and D.  2t 
Considering diagonal AC with end points y = 4a  2 
1 t 
A(a, b) and C (–a, –b), we get

at
Equation of circle in diameter form as, Squaring and adding, we get
(x – a) (x – (– a)) + (y – b) (y – (– b)) = 0 2 2
x + y = 16a 2 1  t   64a t
2 2 2 2

 x2 – a2 + y2 – b2 = 0
 x2 + y2 = a2 + b2
1  t  1  t 
2 2 2 2
lic
4. (D) Centre of the circle x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y – 12 = 0 =
16a 2 1  t 2 2  4t 2 
 
is C(3, 2). 1  t 2 2

Since it touches the Y-axis.

16a 2
1  t 
ub
2 2
 r=3 =
 Equation of the required circle is 1  t 2 2

(x – 3)2 + (y – 2)2 = 32
 x + y = 16a2
2 2
 x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y + 4 = 0
 Centre is (0, 0) and radius = 4a units
P

5. (A) Putting y = x in x2 + y2  2x = 0, we get 11. (B)

Y
2x2  2x = 0
 x(x  1) = 0  x = 0 or x = 1
et

 y = 0 or y = 1 O A(3, 0)
X X
 Points of intersection are (0, 0) and (1, 1).
These are end points of a diameter of required
circle. C
rg

 Equation of the required circle is  3 5 

 , 
(x  0) (x  1) + (y  0) (y  1) = 0 2 2 
B(0, –5)
 x2 + y2  x  y = 0 OA = 3, OB = 5
 3 5 
Ta

6. (A) Centre of the given circle is (–2, 3). Centre is  , 

2 2 
Since centre is the midpoint of the diameter. Y
5
2 2

By Pythagoras theorem, OC2 =     

4a 3 b 3
 2  and 3  2  2 
2 2
 a = –8 and b = 3  OC =
34
Alternate Method: 4
Here, (x1, y1) = (4, 3) 34
 (a, b) = (– (4 + 4), – (3 – 6)) i.e., radius =
2
= (–8, 3) …[Using Shortcut 6]  The required equation of circle is
2
7. (B) Given equation can be written as 
2
3  5
2
 34 
x2 – 6x + 9 + y2 + 4y + 4 – 9 – 4 – 3 = 0  x     y   =  2 
 2   2   
 (x – 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 16
 (x – 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = (4)2  x2 + y2 – 3x + 5y = 0

15
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

12. (A) (Radius)2 = g2 + f2 – c 16. (B) The equation of the tangents are
3x – 4y + 4 = 0 and 6x – 8y – 7 = 0
5 =4+9+k
2
Hence, the lines are parallel to each other.
 k = 12 The perpendicular distance between these two
lines is the diameter of circle
13. (D) c1  c 2
2r =
A M B 2x – 5y + 18 = 0 a 2  b2
 7 
4 
 2 
 2r =
 3   4 
2 2
O(3, –1)

ns
7
4
 2r = 2
Given equation of circle is 25
x2 + y2 – 6x + 2y – 54 = 0

io
3
Centre is (3, –1)  2r =
2
Let M(a, b) be the mid-point of chord 3
r= units

at
2x – 5y + 18 = 0 4
 2a – 5b + 18 = 0 …(i) 17. (D) Let centre be (h, k). Then,
 h  3   k  7  h  5   k  5
2 2 2 2
2 =
Slope =
5
 Slope of OM  Slope of AB = –1
lic  h2 – 6h + 9 + k2 – 14k + 49
= h2 – 10h + 25 + k2 – 10k + 25
 4h – 4k + 8 = 0
 
b + 1 2
   1 h–k+2=0 …(i)
 a 3  5
ub
Since centre lies on the given line x – 4y = 1
 5a + 2b = 13 …(ii)  h – 4k = 1 …(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get Solving (i) and (ii), we get
a = 1, b = 4 (h, k) = (–3, –1) and
 3  3   1  7
P

2 2
 Radius = = 10
14. (B) Let (h, k) be the centre of circle passing
 The equation of required circle is
through (5, 7), (2, –2) and (–2, 0).
(x + 3)2 + (y + 1)2 = (10)2
 (h – 5)2 + (k – 7)2 = (h – 2)2 + (k + 2)2
et

 x2 + y2 + 6x + 2y – 90 = 0
 3h + 9k = 33 …(i) 18. (A) Given, circumference = 10
Also, (h – 2) + (k + 2) = (h + 2)2 + k2
2 2  2r 10
 r 5
rg

 2h – k = 1 …(ii)
 the equation of the circle is
Solving (i) and (ii), we get ( x  2) 2  ( y  3) 2  5 2
h = 2 and k = 3  x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  12  0
Ta

 centre ≡ (2, 3)
19. (C) [(x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2] – [(x – 4)2 + (y – 5)2] = 0
 2  5   3  7  = 5 units
2 2
radius = …[Using Shortcut 7]
 x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 6y + 9
15. (D) Given, x = 3 + 5 cos, y = 2 + 5 sin – (x2 – 8x + 16 + y2 – 10y + 25) = 0
x+y–7=0
x3 y2
 cos = and sin = 20. (B) Let (h, k) be the centre of circle.
5 5
  h  0   k  0 =  h  x   k  0
2 2 2 2

Using, sin2 + cos2 = 1

 h  0  k  y
2 2
 y  2  x  3 =
2 2

  1 Consider,
52 52
h2 + k2 = (h – x)2 + k2
 y2 – 4y + 4 + x2 – 6x + 9 = 25  –2hx + x2 = 0
 x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y – 12 = 0  x = 0 or x = 2h
16
 

Chapter 6: Circle
Consider, 25. (D) x2 + y2 + 8x – 6y – 24 = 0
h2 + k2 = h2 + (k – y)2 Centre C1 = (–4, 3) and
 –2ky + y2 = 0 radius r1 = 16  9  24 = 7.
x2 + y2 – 4x + 10y + 20 = 0
 y = 0 or y = 2k
Centre C2 = (2, –5) and
x y
 h= ,k= radius r2 = 4  25  20 = 3.
2 2
Here, r1 + r2 = 7 + 3 = 10, r1 – r2 = 7 – 3 = 4
and distance between centres
21. (B) Let S1  x2 + y2 – 4x + 10y + 20 = 0
 4  2   3  5
2 2
and S2  x2 + y2 + 8x – 6y – 24 = 0 C1C2 = = 10
Then, equation of common tangent is  r1 + r2 = d(C1C2)
S1 – S2 = 0  Circles touch externally.

ns
 –12x + 16y + 44 = 0 26. (B) Let C = (x, y)
 3x – 4y – 11 = 0 Centroid divides the line joining orthocentre
and circumcentre in the ratio 2 : 1.
2   3   1 x   2  5   1 y 

io
22. (B) Equation of circle is x2 + y2 – 4x – 10y + 25 = 0 3= ,3=
2 1 2 1
 centre = (2, 5)
 x = 15, y = –1

at
 C = (15, –1)
 AC = 15  3   1  5
2 2

= 6 10
C(2, 5)
lic  radius =
6 10
= 3 10
2
A D(1, 2) B 27. (B) Let centre be (h, k). Then,
ub
 h 1   k  2  h  4   k  3
2 2 2 2
=
Let D(1, 2) be the mid point of chord
 6h – 2k = 20 …(i)
25
Slope of CD = =3 Since centre lies on the given line 3x + 2y = 7
1 2
P

 3h + 2k = 7 …(ii)
1 Solving (i) and (ii), we get
 Slope of AB =
3 (h, k) = (3, –1) and
et

1 radius =  3  1   1  2
2 2
= 5
Equation of AB is (y – 2) = (x – 1)
3
 The equation of required circle is
 x + 3y = 7
 5
2
(x – 3)2 + (y + 1)2 =
rg

23. (A) Point of intersection of chord y = 2x and circle

 x2 + y2 – 6x + 2y + 5 = 0
x2 + y2 – 10x = 0 are (0, 0) and (2, 4).
28. (B) Given equation can be written as
 Equation of circle with end points as its
Ta

 2 a2   2 b2  a 2 b2
diameter is  x  ax     y  by   = 
(x – 0) (x – 2) + (y – 0) (y – 4) = 0  4  4 4 4
2
 x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y = 0 2 2  a 2  b2 
  x     y   = 
a b

 2  2  4 
24. (B) Equation of line parallel to x + 2y + 3 = 0 is  
x + 2y + k = 0. a b a 2  b2
 h= , k = and r =
But it is tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 4, then 2 2 4
 Parametric equations of circle are
k
=2 a a 2  b2
1 4 x=  cos  and
2 4
k=±2 5
b a 2  b2
y=  sin 
Hence, the required equations are x + 2y = ± 2 5 2 4

17
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

29. (D) Centre always lies on the diameter. To find the required distance, we find the equation
Solving 3x – 4y – 7 = 0 and 2x – 3y – 5 = 0, of a line perpendicular to the given line, and
the co-ordinates of the centre are (1, –1). passing through the centre of the given circle.
Given, Area = 49 1
 Equation of this line is: (y + 1) = (x + 1)
 r2 = 49 2
r=7 i.e., x = 2y + 1
 The equation of circle is Now, we find the points where line x = 2y + 1
(x – 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 72 intersects the circle x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 3 = 0
 x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y – 47 = 0  (2y + 1)2 + y2 + 2(2y + 1) + 2y – 3 = 0
 4y2 + 4y + 1 + y2 + 4y + 2 + 2y – 3 = 0
30. (D) The given equations of the sides are x = –2,
x = 4, y = –2, y = 5  5y2 + 10y = 0
Y x=4  y(y + 2) = 0
x = –2

ns
 y = 0 or y = –2
C(–2, 5) B(4, 5)  x = 1 or x = –3
y=5  (1, 0) and (–3, –2) are the points on the circle,
and one of them is at the maximum distance

io
from the given line.
P
2 1   0  13 2  3   2  13
X O
X  d1 = and d2 =
4 1 4 1

at
y = –2
A(–2, –2) D(4, –2) 15 5
 d1 = =3 5 and d2 = = 5
5 5
 According to theYgiven condition, centre of  = 3 5
the required circle is P.
 3
lic 34. (B) x2 + y2 + 2ax + c = 0
 The co-ordinates of P are 1, .  x2 + 2ax + a2 + y2 = a2 – c
 2
 
2
As circle touches only 2 opposite sides, its  (x + a)2 + y2 = a2  c
ub
radius is either 3.5 units or 3 units.
 Equation of the required circle is i.e., it is a circle with centre (–a, 0) and radius
23 a2  c
x2 + y2 – 2x – 3y – = 0 or Similarly,
4
x2 + y2 + 2by + c = 0
P

2 2
x + y – 2x – 3y – 9 = 0
 Option (D) is correct.
 
2
 x2 + (y + b)2 = b2  c
31. (A) Given equation of circle is i.e., it is a circle with centre (0, –b) and
et

x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 4 = 0
 (x2 + 2x + 1) + (y2 – 4y + 4) – 4 – 5 = 0 radius = b 2  c
 (x + 1)2 + (y – 2)2 = 32  If circles touch externally, then we get
 Parametric equation of circle is Sum of radii = Distance between centres
rg

x = –1 + 3cos , y = 2 + 3 sin   a 2  c  b2  c = a 2  b2
32. (B) Let (0, y) be the centre of the circle.  a2 – c + b2 – c + 2 a 2  c b 2  c = a2 + b2
 (a2 – c) (b2 – c) = c2
 0  4   y  0  0  0   y  2
2 2 2 2

Ta

=
 a2b2 – cb2 – ca2 + c2 = c2
 16 + y2 = (y – 2)2 1 1 1
 16 + y2 = y2 – 4y + 4  2
 2 =
a b c
 y = –3
 Centre of the circle is (0, –3). 35. (D) Let A  ( x1, y1 ) and B  ( x 2 , y 2 ) .
 Radius of the circle = r =  0  0   3  2 According to the given condition,
2 2

x1 + x2 = –2a, x1x2 = –b2

= 5 units y1 + y2 = –2p, y1y2 = –q2
 r2 – r + 1 = 25 – 5 + 1 = 21 The equation of the circle with A (x1, y1) and
33. (B) Given equation of the circle is B (x2, y2) as the end points of diameter is
x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 3 = 0 (x  x1) (x  x2) + (y  y1) (y  y2) = 0
Which can be written as: (x + 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 5  x2 + y2  x(x1 + x2)  y(y1 + y2) + x1x2 + y1y2 = 0
It is a circle with centre (–1, –1) and radius 5
 x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2py  b2  q2 = 0
Given line is: 2x + y + 13 = 0

18
 

Chapter 6: Circle
36. (A)
 2 1   3 1
2 2
PC1 =
= 25 = 5
P divides C1C2 externally in the ratio r1 : r2
3 C1(2, 3) i.e. 5 : 3
P(–1, –1) 5  h   3 2  5  k   3  3
C2(h, k)  –1 = and –1 =
53 53
 –2 = 5h – 6 and –2 = 5k – 9
4 7
h= and k =
5 5

Evaluation Test

ns
1. (A) We have, x 2  8 x  12  0 S1  x2 + y2 + 8x + 1 = 0
 (x  6) (x  2) = 0 Centre and radius of S1 are (–4, 0) and 15
 x = 2, 6
AD = 6 , AC =

io
15
and y2  14y + 45 = 0
 (y  5) (y  9) = 0  CD = 15  6 = 3 units
 y = 5, 9 Equation of common chord is

at
Y
y=9 8x – 2y + 2 = 0 …[Using Shortcut 7]
A D(6, 9)
 4x – y + 1 = 0 ...(i)
x=2 x=6 Distance of C (–4, 0) from (i) = 3
lic 
16  1
=3
B(2, 5) y=5 C 16   2
O X
 16 + 2 = 25
ub
Since, centre of circle is inscribed in square.  2 = 9
 BD is the diameter of circle =3
 26 59
 centre = (h, k) =  ,  = (4, 7) 4. (C) Since the triangle is equilateral.
P

 2 2 
 centroid of the triangle is same as the
2. (A) Given equation of circle is circumcentre
x2 + y2  4x  8y  5 = 0 2
et

and radius of the circumcircle = (median)

 Centre = (2, 4) and radius = 4  16  5 = 5 3
the circle is intersecting the line 3x  4y = m 2
(3a) = 2a
=
3
rg

at two distinct points.

 length of perpendicular from centre on the line Hence, the equation of the circumcircle whose
< radius centre is at (0, 0) and radius 2a is
6  16  m x 2  y 2  (2a) 2
Ta

 5
5  x2 + y2 = 4a2
 |10 + m| < 25
5. (B) Since the circle has centre at (1, 2) and line
  25 < m + 10 < 25   35 < m < 15 x = y i.e. x – y = 0 as tangent,
3. (B) S2
S1 1   2
Radius of circle =
1   1
2 2
A
1
D =
C(–4, 0) 2
2 
 Area of circle =  ×  1  =
B
 2 2

19
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

6. (C) Let p be the altitude, then
A  the centre (h, k) is given by
a
p  asin60o  3 . 1 t 4t
h ,k 
2 2 2
P O
r  2h + 2k = 5
a x Gr Hence, the locus is 2 x  2 y  5 .
x
S
R
B 9. (C)
D C
Since, the triangle is equilateral, therefore
centroid, orthocentre, circumcentre and xy+2=0 xy2=0
incentre all coincide.
p a
 radius of the inscribed circle   r

ns
3 2 3 The lines x  y  2 = 0 and x  y + 2 = 0 are
Let x be the side of the square inscribed, then parallel, and tangent to the circle.
angle in a semicircle being a right angle, Distance between them = diameter of the circle
x 2  x 2  (2r) 2  4r 2 2  (2) 4

io
= 2 2 = =2 2
4a2 a2 1 1 2
 2x  
2

12 3 Let (h, k) be the centre of the circle.

a2 Since, x + y = 0 is the diameter.

at
 required area  x 
2

6  h+k=0
 h = k ....(i)
7. (D) Let AB be the line of intersection of the two Now, perpendicular drawn from (h, k) to the
circles
A
lic x  y  2 = 0 is equal to radius.
hk2
  2
2
L
O M C k  k  2
ub
  2 ....[From (i)]
2
B  2k + 2 = 2 k = 0
x  y  25
2 2
….(i)  h=0 ....[From (i)]
 required equation of circle is
P

x2  y2  8x  7  0 ….(ii)
(x  0)2 + (y  0)2 =  2
2

Solving (i) and (ii), we get coordinates of

A and B.  x2 + y2 = 2
et

Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get 10. (A) Centre of the given circle = C(2, 5)
8x  32  0  x  4
Radius of the circle CN = CT = g2  f 2  c
From (i), we get 16  y  25 2
rg

= 2 2  5 2  7 = 36 = 6
 y 2  9  y  3
Now, PC = 6 2  8 2 = 100 = 10
Thus coordinates of A and B are (4, 3) and
(4, –3).
Ta

y 3 x  4 (2, 5)
 equation of L is   x 4 0 N P(4,3)
33 4  4 C T
Also coordinates of centre C of second circle
is (4, 0).
We join the external point, (4, 3) to the
Hence, CM  Length of perpendicular from centre of the circle (2, 5). Then PT is the
44 minimum distance, from external point P to
C to the line L  0
1 the circle and PN is the maximum distance.
Minimum distance = PT = PC  CT
8. (C) Let the other end be (t,3  t) . = 10  6 = 4
Maximum distance = PN = PC + CN
 the equation of the circle in diameter form is = 10 + 6 = 16
( x  1)( x  t)  ( y  1)( y  3  t)  0 So, sum of minimum and maximum distance
 x 2  y 2  (1  t) x  (4  t) y  3  0 = 16 + 4 = 20

20
 

Chapter 6: Circle
11. (B) General equation of circle 14. (C) y = 7x – 25 ....(i)
f(x, y) = (x  h)2 + (y  k)2  a2 = 0 and x2 + y2 = 25
f(0, ) = h2 + (  k)2  a2 = 0  x2 + (7x  25)2 = 25
 2  2k + k2 + h2  a2 = 0  x2 + 49x2 + 625 – 350x = 25
Equation has equal roots (1, 1) 50x2  350x + 600 = 0
b  x2  7x +12 = 0  x = 3, 4
 Sum of roots =   2 = 2k  k = 1
a Substituting x = 3,4 in (i), we get
Also, f(, 0) = (  h)2 + (0  k)2  a2 = 0 y = 21 – 25  y = 4, y = 28 – 25  y = 3
2  2h + h2 + k2  a2 = 0 Let A  (3, 4), B  (4, 3)
1 Using distance formula, we get
Equation has roots  = and 2
2
(3  4)2  (4  3)2

ns
AB =
b 5 5
Sum of roots =   = 2h  h =  1  49  50  5 2
a 2 4
5  15. (A) Equation of the line with slope 3 is y = 3x + c
 Centre (h, k) =  ,1 

io
4  i.e. 3x – y + c = 0
 Centre  (1,  4), radius = 1 + 16 + 23 = 40
12. (A) Here, r = a 2  b 2 Y
Since distance of tangent from the centre is

at
Equation of AB is B
equal to radius,
ax + by = r2 (a, b)
3 4 c
 x2 + y2 = 1 X
= 40
r r O A 9 1
a b
lic  7 + c = 400 =  20
r2
r 2
 c = 13 or  27
 OA = and OB =
a b  Equations of tangents are
ub
2
1 r r
2
r4 3x – y + 13 = 0 and 3x  y  27 = 0
Hence, the required area is   =
2 a b 2ab

13. (D)
Y
P

B(0, 4)
et

C(2, 2)
X X
O(0, 0) A(4, 0)
rg
Ta

Y
x2 + y2 = 16
 centre = (0, 0), radius = 4
x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y = 0
 centre = (2, 2), radius = 2 2
This circle cuts the X and Y axes at A(4, 0)
and B(0, 4) respectively.
Common chord is AB.
Since AB is diameter of smaller circle,

 AOB =
2
21