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Lecture 3

The document discusses method study, which aims to find the most efficient manufacturing procedure involving the least time and worker fatigue. It outlines the basic procedure for method study, including selecting a job, recording information, critically examining facts, developing the best method, defining the new method, installing it, and maintaining the new method. Key aspects covered are objectives of method study, tools for recording like flow and string diagrams, and the process of questioning to identify improvement opportunities.

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15 views15 pages

Lecture 3

The document discusses method study, which aims to find the most efficient manufacturing procedure involving the least time and worker fatigue. It outlines the basic procedure for method study, including selecting a job, recording information, critically examining facts, developing the best method, defining the new method, installing it, and maintaining the new method. Key aspects covered are objectives of method study, tools for recording like flow and string diagrams, and the process of questioning to identify improvement opportunities.

Uploaded by

VAIBHAV TIWARI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PEME-722D

Work Study & Ergonomics

Lecture 3 (Method Study)

Trades
Name of Class Teacher

• GME-19
• Dr Jagtar Singh
• GWT-19

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SANT LONGOWAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY,
LONGOWAL
(Deemed to-be University)
Method Study

 Method Study is a systematic recording and critical


examination of existing and proposed method of doing
work, as a means of developing and applying easier and
more effective methods & reducing costs.
 Method study is concerned with the reduction of work
content of a job or operation.
 Method study aims at finding out best possible
manufacturing procedure which involves least time and
doesn’t cause fatigue to the workers.
Objectives of Method Study

 Improvement of manufacturing processes and procedures.


 Improvement of working conditions.
 Improvement of plant layout and work place layout.
 Reducing the human effort and fatigue.
 Reducing material handling
 Improvement of plant and equipment design.
 Improvement in the utility of material, machines and manpower.
 Standardization of method.
 Improvement in safety standard.
BASIC PROCEDURE FOR METHOD STUDY

 Select the work/operation/job to be studied.


 Record all facts about the method by direct observation.
 Examine the above facts critically.
 Develop the most efficient and economic method.
 Define the new method.
 Install the new method
 Maintain the new method by regular checking.
Select the work/operation/job

 While selecting a job for doing method study, the


following factors are to be considered:
 Economical aspect.
 Human aspect.
 Technical aspect.
Record all the relevant information

Allthe details about the existing method are recorded.


 This is done by directly observing the work.

Symbols are used to represent the activities like:

“Operation, Inspection, Transport, Delay and Storage”


Different charts and diagrams used for recording

CHARTS:-
 Operation process chart: All the operations and inspections are
recorded.
 Flow process chart
 Man type : All the activities of man are recorded
 Material type : All the activities of the material are recorded
 Equipment type: All the activities of equipment or machine are
recorded.
 Two-handed process chart: Motions of both lands of worker are
Right hand- Left hand chart recorded independently.
DIAGRAMS:-
 Flow diagram: This is drawn to suitable scale. Path of flow of
material in the shop is recorded.
 String diagram: The movements of workers are recorded using a
string in a diagram drawn to scale.
Flow Diagram & String Diagram

Flow diagram and string diagram are tools for recording the
movements of “Workers”.
Flow diagram is a drawing of the “Working Area” showing the
location of various activities identified by their numbered symbols and
are associated with particular flow process chart either “Man Type” or
“Material Type”
Objectives
 To study the different layout plans and thereby select most optimal
layout.
 To study traffic and frequency over different routes of the plant.
 Identification of obstacles during movement.
Examine the facts crtically

 Critically examine the recoded events in sequence by questioning


technique.
 The critically examination is achieved by means of TWO set of detailed
Questions:
 Primary question : To indicate the facts and reasons underlying them.
 Secondary question: To indicate the alternatives & consequently the
means of improvement.
 The following factors are questioned
 Purpose – of the activity for which activities are undertaken.
 Place – of the activity at which ……………….do………….
 Sequence – of the activity at which ……………….do………….
 Person – by which the activities are undertaken.
 Means – by which the activities are undertaken.
Following sequence of questions is used

 Purpose –
 What is actually done? Person –
 Why is it done? Who is doing it?
 What else could be done? Why does that person do it?
 What should be done? Who else could do it?
 Place – Who should do it?
 Where is it being done? Means –
 Why is it done there?
 Where else could it be done?
 How is it done?
Why is it done that way?
 Where should it be done?
How else could it be done?
 Sequence – How should it be done?
 When is it done?
 Why is it done then?
 When could it be done?
 When should it be done?
Develop the best method

Procedure:
 Record the method, proposed through critical examination.
 Consult all level of management and workers for their suggestions and
objections.
 Test modified proposed method for its advantages claimed over the
original method.
 Prepare and put up the report on proposed method to management for
its final approval.
Characteristics of Proposed method:
 Practical and Feasible
 Safe and Effective
 Economical
 Acceptable to design, Production, Quality Control and Sales
department.
Define the new method

 Once a complete study of a job has been made and a new method is
developed, it is necessary to obtain the approval of the management
before installing it.
 The work study man should prepare a report giving details of the
existing and proposed methods.
 He should give his reasons for the changes suggested. The report
should show:
 Brief description of the old method.
 Brief description of the new method.
 Reasons for change.
 Advantages and limitations of the new method.
 Savings expected in material, labour and overheads.
 Tools and equipment required for the new method.
Install

The proposed method can be installed in two phases:-


 Preparation
 Planning
 Arranging
 Rehearsing
Planning:-
 One person should be made responsible for the task. Data should be fixed for each stage
to complete.
Arranging:-
 Checking that all the necessary plant, tools and equipments are available.
 Checking the availability and continuity of all materials, supplies etc.
 Selecting workers for the proposed method and give them necessary training.
Rehearsing :Involves a trail run of the proposed method using supervisors, work study
officers and workers.
 Implementation:- involves the introduction of developed method as standard
practice.
Maintain

 Once the new method has been installed, it should be maintained in its
specified form and the workers should not be allowed to slip back
into the old method.
 The proper functioning of the installed methods is ensured by
periodic checks and verifications.
THANK YOU

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