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Lec 1

The document discusses the design of irrigation structures. It describes different types of control structures like dams and regulators used to maintain water levels and discharges. It also describes crossing structures like bridges, culverts, syphons and aqueducts used at intersections of waterways, roads, and railways.

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Khalid Arafat
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36 views23 pages

Lec 1

The document discusses the design of irrigation structures. It describes different types of control structures like dams and regulators used to maintain water levels and discharges. It also describes crossing structures like bridges, culverts, syphons and aqueducts used at intersections of waterways, roads, and railways.

Uploaded by

Khalid Arafat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design of Irrigation Structures

Introduction
Functions of Irrigation Structures
Hydraulic structures are anything that can be used to divert, restrict, stop, or
otherwise manage the natural flow of water. Irrigation structures are hydraulic
structures constructed in canals and drains of the irrigation and drainage network.

Dr. Amir Mobasher 3


Major Irrigation Structures in Egypt

Dr. Amir Mobasher


Dr. Amir Mobasher 4
Functions of Irrigation Structures

Dr. Amir Mobasher 5


Hydraulic & Irrigation Structures
Hydraulic structures are anything that can be used to divert, restrict, stop, or
otherwise manage the natural flow of water. Irrigation structures are hydraulic
structures constructed in canals and drains of the irrigation and drainage
network.

Control structures (Heading-up structures) are installed on an irrigation project


in order to maintain and control the water levels and discharges.

Crossing structures are those constructed at intersections of:

1- Waterway-road (culvert or bridge).

2- Waterway-Waterway (syphon or aqueduct).

3- Waterway ending at another waterway (tail escape).


Dr. Amir Mobasher 6
IRRIGATION
STRUCTURES

Crossing Structures
Control Structures
1- Bridges ‫الكبارى‬
1- Dams ‫السدود‬
2- Culverts ‫البرابخ‬
2- Regulators ‫القناطر‬
3- Syphons ‫السحارات‬
3- Weirs ‫الهدارات‬
4- Aqueducts ‫البداالت‬
4- Locks ‫األهوسة‬
5- Escapes ‫المفيضات‬

Dr. Amir Mobasher 7


Control Structures
Dams, store and control water levels and discharges.

Dr. Amir Mobasher


Dr. Amir Mobasher Hoover Dam 8
Control Structures
Regulators and barrages (big regulators on rivers),
control water levels and discharges, and divert the
required quantity of water from river to canals.

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher )‫قناطر نجع حمادى الجديدة (الوجه القبلي‬ 9


Control Structures
Weirs are constructed to collect and distribute water, to
keep water levels at safe levels, measure the discharge in
streams, and for escaping excess discharge at end of
canals.

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 10


Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 11


Related Works
Navigation Locks
It is constructed at the navigable waterways to allow for the floating units
(Boats – Ships) to flow between two different water levels

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 12


Related Works
Navigation Locks

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 13


Crossing Structures
Bridges.
It is constructed also at the crossing of waterway with a road or railway but in
this case the road or the railway passes through the bridge over the waterway.

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 14


Crossing Structures Dr. Amir Mobasher

Bridges.

Dr. Amir Mobasher 15


Crossing Structures
Culverts.
It is constructed at the crossing of waterway with a road or railway. But in this
case, the water of the waterway flows in the culvert under the road or the railway

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 16


Crossing Structures
Culverts.

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 17


Crossing Structures
Culverts.

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 18


Crossing Structures
Culverts.

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 19


Crossing Structures
Syphons.
It is constructed at the crossing of two waterways or at crossing of canal with a
drain. But in this case, the water of the drain flows in the syphon under the bed
of the canal.

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher ‫سحارة ترعة السالم‬ 20


Crossing Structures
Syphons.

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher ‫سحارة ترعة السالم‬ 21


Crossing Structures
Pipe Aqueduct
It is constructed also at the crossing of two waterways or at crossing of canal
with a drain but in this case the water of the canal passes through the
aqueducts over the drain.

Dr. Amir Mobasher


Dr. Amir Mobasher 22
Crossing Structures
U-Shape Aqueduct

Dr. Amir Mobasher

Dr. Amir Mobasher 23

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