GE10 LIVING IN THE

IT ERA
CELESTER L. SAYCON, LPT
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPT
 INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL

01
INFORMATION AND
05
TECHNOLOGY AND
COMMUNICATION SOCIAL CHANGE
TECHNOLOGY

06
HISTORY OF IT CULTURE AND THE
COMPUTER: BASIC
COMPUTING PERIODS
02 SOCIETY

TABLE OF
07
IMAGIN AND DESIGN

03
FOR SOCIAL IMPACT
THE WEB AND THE
INTERNET CONTENTS
PHOTO IMAGING AND
08
THE NETIQUETTE

04
AND THE COMPUTER POST PROCESSING
ETHICS
CREATING

09
INFOGRAPHICS FOR
SOCIAL CAMPAIGNS
04
THE NETIQUTTE AND THE
COMPUTER ETHICS
 NETIQUETTE
What is Netiquette?
- What is Netiquette? Simple stated, it’s network etiquette – that is the
etiquette of cyberspace and “etiquette” means the forms of required by
good breeding or prescribed by authority to be required in social or official
life. In other words, netiquette is a set of rules for behaving properly online.

- Netiquette, or network etiquette, is concerned with the "proper" way to

communicate in an online environment. Consider the following "rules,"
adapted from Virginia Shea's the Core Rules of Netiquette, whenever you
communicate in the virtual world.

- When you use e-mail, instant messenger, video calls, or discussion boards to
communicate with others online, please be sure to follow the rules of
professional online communications known as netiquette. These rules will
help you communicate with instructors, classmates, and potential employers
more effectively and will help prevent misunderstandings
 GOLDEN RULE

“Do not do or post anything online that you

would not say to someone face to face.”

Even though you may be interacting with a computer screen, you are
communicating with a real person who will react to your message. Make a
good impression - treat others with the same respect that you would like to
receive and avoid confrontational or offensive language
 AVOID SLANG, ACRONYMS, AND TEXT TALK
Communicating effectively in college and business environments requires the use of correct terminology,
spelling, and grammar that can easily be understood. For example, use “your” instead of “ur”.

AVOID “SCREAMING” IN TYPED MESSAGES

Typing an entire message using all capital letters is known as “screaming”. It is distracting and generally
frowned upon in professional environments. It is better to draw emphasis to selected words or phrases
by: using italic or bold text; using a different color for text or background color; or denoting emphasis
using special characters (Example: **Important**
PROOFREAD YOUR MESSAGES BEFORE SENDING
THEM
Proofreading your messages before you send them is a best practice for effective and
efficient communication. Strive to make your communications concise and free of
any

• Spelling and grammar errors

• Confusing terms or phrases that could be misunderstood
• Errors of omission, such as missing content or recipients
• Errors in accuracy of information
EXERCISE GOOD JUDGMENT WHEN SHARING
INFORMATION WITH OTHERS
ONLINE – E-mail and chat messages that you send or receive are considered private and should not be
forwarded or copied to others without gaining the consent of all involved participants. In general,
messages posted to discussion boards and social media sites can be read by the public. You may never
know who might read or share what you post. It is a good practice to always ask a post’s author for
permission before sharing a post with other parties
To protect your privacy and safety, do not share online any sensitive personal information such
as:
- Your home address or phone number
- - Personal conversations
- - Social plans, such as vacations
- - Financial information
- - Usernames, passwords, or hints
- - Anything personal that you would not want shared by others over the Internet
 RESPECT DIVERSITY IN VIEWPOINTS
- Be constructive and respectful when sharing opinions, beliefs, and criticisms, or responding to those
of others in the conversation.

• When sharing a viewpoint that differs from someone else’s, it is a best practice to first acknowledge the
other person by briefly restating what he or she said, but in your own words. This lets the person know
that you are listening and trying to understand them.

• When presenting an opinion or criticism, it is helpful to use phrases that identify to whose point of view
you are referring. If the opinion is yours, you can begin with the phrase “In my experience” or “In my
opinion”. If it is a viewpoint of someone else, make sure you identify that in your message (Example:
“According to Eric Ericson,” or “The president believes”
10 Commandment of Computer Ethics
 RULES
1. Remember the Human When communicating electronically, whether through email, instant message,
discussion post, text, or some other method, practice the Golden Rule: Do unto others as you would
have others do unto you.
2. Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life

3. Know where you are in cyberspace "Netiquette varies from domain to domain."

4. Respect other people's time and bandwidth

5. Make yourself look good online writing
6. Share expert knowledge
7. Help keep flame wars under control
8. Respect other people's privacy
9. Don't abuse your power
10. Be forgiving of other people's mistakes
 CYBERCRIMES
WHAT IS CYBER?
- It is the Characteristics of the culture of computers, information, technology and virtual reality.

- CYBERCRIME - is defined as a crime in which a computer is the object of the crime (hacking,
phishing, spamming and child pornography) is used as a tool to commit an offense.

- CYBERCRIMINALS - may use computer technology to access personal information, business

trade secrets or use the internet for exploitative or malicious purposes.

LAWS
-
- Republic Act No. 10175 Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 is a law in the Philippines approved
on September 12,2012 which aims to address legal issues concerning online interactions and
internet.

- Republic Act No. 10173 Data Privacy Act of 2012 is an act protecting individual personal
information.
 COMMON FORMS OF CYBERCRIMES
A. COPYRIGHT
- -The exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or
record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same
- Copyright infringement is the violation, piracy or theft of a copyright holder's exclusive rights through
the unauthorized use of a copyrighted material or work

B. PLAGIARISM
- An act or instance of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of another author without
authorization.

C. COMPUTER ADDICTION
- OFFLINE - : generally used when speaking about excessive gaming behavior, which can be practiced
both offline and online.
- Online: Also known as “Internet Addiction”, gets more attention in general from scientific research
than offline computer addiction, mainly because most cases of computer addiction are related to the
excessive use of the Internet.
- *Virtual Self -The persona you create about yourself virtually.
 CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES
1. HACKING –
- Unauthorized access of or interference with computer systems, servers, or other information
and communication systems
- • Unauthorized access to corrupt, alter, steal, or destroy electronic data using computers or
other information and communication systems without the computer or system owner’s
knowledge and consent
- • The introduction of computer viruses resulting in the corruption, alteration, theft, or loss of
such data
- • Illegal Access
- • Illegal Interception
- • Data Interference
- • System Interference
- • Misuse of Devices
- • Infection of IT Systems with Malware – if the act is committed against critical infrastructure
of the Philippines the, penalty is between 12-20 years reclusion temporal
- • Six years up to twelve years of imprisonment also known as prison mayor
2. COMPUTER RELATED FORGERY, FRAUD AND/OR IDENTITY THEFT
-an attempt to obtain sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit
card details and (indirectly money), often for malicious reasons.
• Phishing
• Pharming
• Spam
• Maximum of Php 200,000 fine or prison mayor

3. ELECTRONIC THEFT
-• Illegal Downloading
• Obtaining files that you do not have the right to use from the internet.
• Digital Piracy
• Practice of illegally copying and selling digital music, video, computer software, etc. •
Copyright Infringement
• Penalty of Php 50,000 – 500, 000 and or prison mayor
4. CYBERBULLYING
-The use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by sending a
message of an intimidating or threatening nature.
• The Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 (RA 10627)

5. CYBERSEX
Willful engagement, maintenance, control, or operation, directly or indirectly of any
lascivious exhibition of sexual organs or sexual activity with the aid of a computer
system for favor or consideration.
• There is a discussion on this matter if it involves “couples” or “people in
relationship” who engage in cybersex.
• Penalty at least Php 200,000 and or prison mayor
6. CHILD PORNOGRAPHY
-is a form of child sexual exploitation.
• Unlawful or prohibited acts defined and punishable by Republic Act No. 9775 or
the Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009, committed through a computer system.
• Penalty of 12-20 years of imprisonment or reclusion temporal

7. CYBER DEFAMATION
• Is an unprivileged false statement of fact which tends to harm the reputation of a
person or company.
• Penalty of 6-12 years of imprisonment or prison mayor.
INTERNET THREATS
 HACKING
Hacking is a term used to describe actions taken by someone to gain
unauthorized access to a computer. The availability of information online on the
tools, techniques, and malware makes it easier for even non-technical people to
undertake malicious activities. The process by which cyber criminals gain access
to your computer

What it can do:

• Find weaknesses (or pre-existing bugs) in your security settings and exploit
them in order to access your information.
• Install a Trojan horse, providing a back door for hackers to enter and search for
your information.
 MALWARE
Malware is one of the more common ways to infiltrate or damage your computer.
Malicious software that infects your computer, such as computer viruses, worms,
Trojan horses, spyware, and adware

What it can do:

• Intimidate you with scareware, which is usually a pop-up message that tells you
your computer has a security problem or other false information.
• Reformat the hard drive of your computer causing you to lose all your
information.
• Alter or delete files.
• Steal sensitive information.
• Send emails on your behalf.
• Take control of your computer and all the software running on it
 PHARMING
Pharming is a common type of online fraud. A means to point you to a malicious
and illegitimate website by redirecting the legitimate URL. Even if the URL is
entered correctly, it can still be redirected to a fake website

What it can do:

• Convince you that the site is real and legitimate by spoofing or looking almost
identical to the actual site down to the smallest details. You may enter your
personal information and unknowingly give it to someone with malicious intent
 PHISHING
Phishing is used most often by cyber criminals because it's easy to execute and
can produce the results they're looking for with very little effort. Fake emails, text
messages and websites created to look like they're from authentic companies.
They're sent by criminals to steal personal and financial information from you. This
is also known as “spoofing”.

What it can do:

• Trick you into giving them information by asking you to update, validate or
confirm your account. It is often presented in a manner than seems official and
intimidating, to encourage you to take action.
• Provides cyber criminals with your username and passwords so that they can
access your accounts (your online bank account, shopping accounts, etc.) and
steal your credit card numbers
 RANSOMWARE
Ransomware is a type of malware that restricts access to your computer or your
files and displays a message that demands payment in order for the restriction to
be removed. The two most common means of infection appear to be phishing
emails that contain malicious attachments and website pop-up advertisements.

What it can do:

• There are two common types of ransomware:
• Lockscreen ransomware: displays an image that prevents you from accessing
your computer
• Encryption ransomware: encrypts files on your system's hard drive and
sometimes on shared network drives, USB drives, external hard drives, and even
some cloud storage drives, preventing you from opening them
• Ransomware will display a notification stating that your computer or data have
been locked and demanding a payment be made for you to regain access.
Sometimes the notification states that authorities have detected illegal activity on
your computer, and that the payment is a fine to avoid prosecution.
 SPAM
Spam is one of the more common methods of both sending information out and
collecting it from unsuspecting people. The mass distribution of unsolicited
messages, advertising or pornography to addresses which can be easily found on
the Internet through things like social networking sites, company websites and
personal blogs.
What it can do:
•Annoy you with unwanted junk mail.
• Create a burden for communications service providers and businesses to filter
electronic messages.
• Phish for your information by tricking you into following links or entering details
with too-goodto-be-true offers and promotions.
• Provide a vehicle for malware, scams, fraud and threats to your privacy.
 SPYWARE (SPYWARE & ADWARE)
Spyware and adware are often used by third parties to infiltrate your computer.
What it is:
Software that collects personal information about you without you knowing. They
often come in the form of a ‘free' download and are installed automatically with or
without your consent. These are difficult to remove and can infect your computer
with viruses
What it can do:
•Collect information about you without you knowing about it and give it to third
parties.
• Send your usernames, passwords, surfing habits, list of applications you've
downloaded, settings, and even the version of your operating system to third
parties.
• Change the way your computer runs without your knowledge.
• Take you to unwanted sites or inundate you with uncontrollable pop-up ads
 TROJAN HORSES
A Trojan horse may not be a term you're familiar with, but there's a good chance
you or someone you know has been affected by one. A malicious program that is
disguised as, or embedded within, legitimate software. It is an executable file that
will install itself and run automatically once it's downloaded.

What it can do:

•Delete your files.
• Use your computer to hack other computers.
• Watch you through your web cam.
• Log your keystrokes (such as a credit card number you entered in an online
purchase).
• Record usernames, passwords and other personal information.
 VIRUSES
Most people have heard of computer viruses, but not many know exactly what
they are or what they do. Malicious computer programs that are often sent as an
email attachment or a download with the intent of infecting your computer, as well
as the computers of everyone in your contact list. Just visiting a site can start an
automatic download of a virus
What it can do:
•Send spam.
• Provide criminals with access to your computer and contact lists.
• Scan and find personal information like passwords on your computer.
• Hijack your web browser.
• Disable your security settings.
• Display unwanted ads.
• When a program is running, the virus attached to it could infiltrate your hard
drive and also spread to USB keys and external hard drives. Any attachment you
create using this program and send to someone else could also infect them with
the virus
How will you know if your computer is infected?
Here are a few things to check for:
• It takes longer than usual for your computer to start up, it restarts on its own or doesn't start up at
all.
• It takes a long time to launch a program.
• Files and data have disappeared.
• Your system and programs crash constantly.
• The homepage you set on your web browser is different (note that this could be caused by Adware
that has been installed on your computer).
• Web pages are slow to load.
• Your computer screen looks distorted.
• Programs are running without your control.
• If you suspect a problem, make sure your security software is up to date and run it to check for
infection. If nothing is found, or if you are unsure of what to do, seek technical help
 WI-FI EAVESDROPPING
WiFi eavesdropping is another method used by cyber criminals to capture
personal information. Virtual “listening in” on information that's shared over an
unsecure (not encrypted) WiFi network

What it can do:

•Potentially access your computer with the right equipment.
• Steal your personal information including logins and passwords
 WORMS
Worms are a common threat to computers and the Internet as a whole. A worm,
unlike a virus, goes to work on its own without attaching itself to files or programs.
It lives in your computer memory, doesn't damage or alter the hard drive and
propagates by sending itself to other computers in a network – whether within a
company or the Internet itself

What it can do:

• Spread to everyone in your contact list.
• Cause a tremendous amount of damage by shutting down parts of the Internet,
wreaking havoc on an internal network and costing companies’ enormous
amounts of lost revenue.