BUILDING MAINTENANCE

AND
MANAGEMENT I
AP225 : BACHELOR OF ESTATE MANAGEMENT (HONS)
Fakulti Senibina, Perancangan & Ukur,
Kompleks Tahir Majid
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
DR. Noraliza Basrah
Nurzafira Zainul Abidin

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 LESSON 3
TYPES OF BUILDING
MAINTENANCE

■ TYPES OF BUILDING MAINTENANCE

(Various Perspectives and Their Definitions)

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 TYPES OF BUILDING MAINTENANCE
(typical divisions of maintenance work)
■ Maintenance has been defined as
any work undertaken in order to
keep or restore every part of a
building to an acceptable standard. TYPES OF
MAINTENANCE

■ The type of maintenance work

needed to achieve this depends
PLANNED UNPLANNED
upon whether the work is planned
or unplanned (refer to the
diagram).
PLANNED PLANNED EMERGENCY
PREVENTIVE CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

PLANNED PLANNED PLANNED PLANNED

PREVENTIVE PREVENTIVE CORRECTIVE CORRECTIVE
RUNNING SHUTDOWN SHUTDOWN BREAKDOWN

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THE UNPLANNED MAINTENANCE
EMERGENCY MAINTENANCE
work needs to be carried out immediately
URGENT MAINTENANCE
work which needs to be carried out within 24 hours

The TEST for EMERGENCY and URGENT work

consideration
Question :
Any serious consequences to STRUCTURAL LIABILITY,
HEALTH RISKS, and SAFETY RISKS to persons or
neighbours / properties?

If YES,
then perform URGENT or EMERGENCY
maintenance immediately :
(1)To eliminate serious consequences
(2)To carry out necessary corrective maintenance
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 Notes:
■ However, it could still occur
especially where services are
concerned.

■ If a service is at fault, then the

isolation of that service is of
paramount importance.

■ A detailed and accurate survey of

the premises or any part of the
building affected by the fault is
essential to assess the need for
temporary protection and support.

■ Evacuation of the building or part

of it may also be considered.

■ Emergency maintenance is
something to avoid wherever and
whenever possible.
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 THE PLANNED MAINTENANCE

•work carried out after a failure has

occurred that range from a simple
(1) Planned fuse replacement to the complete
replacement of a major component.
Corrective •If possible, this could be avoided or
Maintenance minimized through a system of
preventive maintenance

•Work carried out in anticipation of a

(2) Planned failure when something is wrong or
indicates weakening of performance
Preventive •It could get worse if preventive work is
not carried out
Maintenance
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 WHAT IS PLANNED MAINTENANCE?

•Causes of •Prioritise ■ Planned maintenance is a

defects/ necessary definite programme of
failures remedies maintenance work with
the objective of reducing
to a minimum for the need
(2) of corrective or emergency
(1)
Diagnose
Decision maintenance.
Making
■ It requires the procedure
of diagnosing the causes,
deciding the remedial
(4) work, carrying out the
(3) work, recording the
Evaluate &
Improve Implement findings and action taken
in the form of feedback
information to design
• Records • Maintenance future MAINTENANCE
and work
feedback SCHEDULES.
information

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 WHAT ARE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES?

■ The maintenance schedules indicates the time intervals at which certain

maintenance items will be carried out.

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The schedules include the following
aspects:-

Actual work items of annual

servicing and re-decorating
programmes

Testing and inspection

procedures to indicate
whether preventive
maintenance is required or
whether the replacement life
cycle of specific items is due.

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10
OTHER VIEWS ON THE
TYPES OF BUILDING
MAINTENANCE
Source 1: Building Standards 3811:1984
Source 2: Horner, El-Harem & Munns (1997)
Source 3: other authors

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SOURCE 1
BS 3811:1984 :TYPES OF MAINTENANCE

MAINTENANCE

PLANNED UNPLANNED

CORRECTIVE CORRECTIVE
(including (including
PREVENTIVE
emergency emergency
maintenance) maintenance)

CONDITION-
SCHEDULED
BASED
MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE

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(Source 1 – DEFINITION
BS 3811:1984) (for the items as shown in previous diagram)
CATEGORY
PLANNED the maintenance organized and carried out with forethought, control and
MAINTENANCE the use of records to a pre-determined plan.

UNPLANNED the maintenance carried out to no pre-determined plan.

MAINTENANCE

PREVENTIVE the maintenance carried out at pre-determined intervals or

MAINTENANCE corresponding to prescribed criteria and intended to reduce the
probability of failure or the performance degradation of an item.

CORRECTIVE the maintenance carried out after a failure has occurred and intended to
MAINTENANCE restore an item to a state in which it can perform its required function.

EMERGENCY the maintenance necessary to be done immediately to avoid serious

MAINTENANCE consequences. Sometimes referred to as day-to-day maintenance
resulting from incident that requires attention.
CONDITION-BASED the preventive maintenance initiated as a result of knowledge of the
MAINTENANCE condition of an item from routine or continuous monitoring.

SCHEDULED the preventive maintenance carried out to a pre-determined interval of

MAINTENANCE time, number of operations, mileage, etc. 13
SOURCE 2
Horner, El-Haram & Munns (1997)

CORRECTIVE

CONDITION-
PREVENTIVE
BASED

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Source 2: Horner, El-Haram & Munns (1997)
(CORRECTIVE, PREVENTIVE, CONDITION-BASED)

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Source 2: Horner, El-Haram & Munns (1997)
(CORRECTIVE, PREVENTIVE, CONDITION-BASED)

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Source 2: Horner, El-Haram & Munns (1997)
(CORRECTIVE, PREVENTIVE, CONDITION-BASED)

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SOURCE 3
Various Authors

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Maintenance work has also been categorized
as “predictable” and “avoidable”.

• regular periodic work that may be

necessary to retain the
Predictable performance characteristic of a
product as well as that required
maintenance replacing or repairing after it has
achieved a useful life span

•work required to rectify failures

Avoidable caused by poor design,
incorrect installation or the use
maintenance of faulty materials

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Maintenance classification adopted by Speight

MAJOR REPAIR ROUTINE OR

PERIODIC
OR DAY-TO-DAY
MAINTENANCE:
RESTORATION: MAINTENANCE:
largely the
preventive
such as re-
maintenance
roofing or
typical type suchlike
rebuilding
contracts for checking
defective walls
decoration and rainwater
and often
suchlike gutters and
incorporating
activities. servicing
an element of
mechanical
improvement.
and electrical
installations.

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 CONCLUSIONS
Types of maintenance

planned unplanned

Unplanned
Planned (corrective /
(cyclical) failure-
based)
Condition
based:
monitoring the
Preventive condition of
(time emergency building elements
to perform
based) maintenance:
Preventive
Corrective

Corrective
(failure urgent
based)
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